20 results on '"Cleveland JL"'
Search Results
2. AACR Cancer Centers Alliance: Fostering Collaboration and Innovation to Advance Lifesaving Scientific Discoveries for Patients.
- Author
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Arteaga CL, Cleveland JL, Foti M, Mesa RA, Weiner LM, Willman CL, and Tuveson DA
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Basic and clinical cancer research discoveries stemming from the nation's cancer centers have markedly improved outcomes for many cancer patients. Despite this forward momentum in our progress against this complex disease, cancer in all its forms remains a major public health challenge that touches the lives of nearly every American, either directly or indirectly. The newly formed AACR Cancer Centers Alliance will accelerate the pace of discovery by providing an ongoing mechanism for transferring new knowledge, sharing resources, developing national demonstration projects, and driving innovation that impacts cancer science, cancer care delivery, and science and health policy., (©2023 American Association for Cancer Research.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. AACR Cancer Centers Alliance: Fostering Collaboration and Innovation to Advance Lifesaving Scientific Discoveries for Patients.
- Author
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Arteaga CL, Cleveland JL, Foti M, Mesa RA, Weiner LM, Willman CL, and Tuveson DA
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Delivery of Health Care, Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Basic and clinical cancer research discoveries stemming from the nation's cancer centers have markedly improved outcomes for many cancer patients. Despite this forward momentum in our progress against this complex disease, cancer in all its forms remains a major public health challenge that touches the lives of nearly every American, either directly or indirectly. The newly formed AACR Cancer Centers Alliance will accelerate the pace of discovery by providing an ongoing mechanism for transferring new knowledge, sharing resources, developing national demonstration projects, and driving innovation that impacts cancer science, cancer care delivery, and science and health policy., (©2023 American Association for Cancer Research.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. AACR Cancer Centers Alliance: Fostering Collaboration and Innovation to Advance Lifesaving Scientific Discoveries for Patients.
- Author
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Arteaga CL, Cleveland JL, Foti M, Mesa RA, Weiner LM, Willman CL, and Tuveson DA
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Delivery of Health Care, Health Policy, Public Health, Neoplasms prevention & control
- Abstract
Basic and clinical cancer research discoveries stemming from the nation's cancer centers have markedly improved outcomes for many cancer patients. Despite this forward momentum in our progress against this complex disease, cancer in all its forms remains a major public health challenge that touches the lives of nearly every American, either directly or indirectly. The newly formed AACR Cancer Centers Alliance will accelerate the pace of discovery by providing an ongoing mechanism for transferring new knowledge, sharing resources, developing national demonstration projects, and driving innovation that impacts cancer science, cancer care delivery, and science and health policy., (©2023 American Association for Cancer Research.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. AACR Cancer Centers Alliance: Fostering Collaboration and Innovation to Advance Lifesaving Scientific Discoveries for Patients.
- Author
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Arteaga CL, Cleveland JL, Foti M, Mesa RA, Weiner LM, Willman CL, and Tuveson DA
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Delivery of Health Care, Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Basic and clinical cancer research discoveries stemming from the nation's cancer centers have markedly improved outcomes for many cancer patients. Despite this forward momentum in our progress against this complex disease, cancer in all its forms remains a major public health challenge that touches the lives of nearly every American, either directly or indirectly. The newly formed AACR Cancer Centers Alliance will accelerate the pace of discovery by providing an ongoing mechanism for transferring new knowledge, sharing resources, developing national demonstration projects, and driving innovation that impacts cancer science, cancer care delivery, and science and health policy., (©2023 American Association for Cancer Research.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. AACR Cancer Centers Alliance: Fostering Collaboration and Innovation to Advance Lifesaving Scientific Discoveries for Patients.
- Author
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Arteaga CL, Cleveland JL, Foti M, Mesa RA, Weiner LM, Willman CL, and Tuveson DA
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Health Policy, Public Health, Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Summary: Basic and clinical cancer research discoveries stemming from the nation's cancer centers have markedly improved outcomes for many cancer patients. Despite this forward momentum in our progress against this complex disease, cancer in all its forms remains a major public health challenge that touches the lives of nearly every American, either directly or indirectly. The newly formed AACR Cancer Centers Alliance will accelerate the pace of discovery by providing an ongoing mechanism for transferring new knowledge, sharing resources, developing national demonstration projects, and driving innovation that impacts cancer science, cancer care delivery, and science and health policy., (©2023 American Association for Cancer Research.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. AACR Cancer Centers Alliance: Fostering Collaboration and Innovation to Advance Lifesaving Scientific Discoveries for Patients.
- Author
-
Arteaga CL, Cleveland JL, Foti M, Mesa RA, Weiner LM, Willman CL, and Tuveson DA
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Delivery of Health Care, Public Health, Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Basic and clinical cancer research discoveries stemming from the nation's cancer centers have markedly improved outcomes for many cancer patients. Despite this forward momentum in our progress against this complex disease, cancer in all its forms remains a major public health challenge that touches the lives of nearly every American, either directly or indirectly. The newly formed AACR Cancer Centers Alliance will accelerate the pace of discovery by providing an ongoing mechanism for transferring new knowledge, sharing resources, developing national demonstration projects, and driving innovation that impacts cancer science, cancer care delivery, and science and health policy., (©2023 American Association for Cancer Research.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Human papillomavirus prevalence in oropharyngeal cancer before vaccine introduction, United States.
- Author
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Steinau M, Saraiya M, Goodman MT, Peters ES, Watson M, Cleveland JL, Lynch CF, Wilkinson EJ, Hernandez BY, Copeland G, Saber MS, Hopenhayn C, Huang Y, Cozen W, Lyu C, and Unger ER
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oropharyngeal Neoplasms prevention & control, Papillomavirus Infections prevention & control, Papillomavirus Vaccines, Prevalence, Public Health Surveillance, Registries, United States epidemiology, Alphapapillomavirus classification, Oropharyngeal Neoplasms epidemiology, Oropharyngeal Neoplasms virology, Papillomavirus Infections epidemiology
- Abstract
We conducted a study to determine prevalence of HPV types in oropharyngeal cancers in the United States and establish a prevaccine baseline for monitoring the impact of vaccination. HPV DNA was extracted from tumor tissue samples from patients in whom cancer was diagnosed during 1995-2005. The samples were obtained from cancer registries and Residual Tissue Repository Program sites in the United States. HPV was detected and typed by using PCR reverse line blot assays. Among 557 invasive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas, 72% were positive for HPV and 62% for vaccine types HPV16 or 18. Prevalence of HPV-16/18 was lower in women (53%) than in men (66%), and lower in non-Hispanic Black patients (31%) than in other racial/ethnic groups (68%-80%). Results indicate that vaccines could prevent most oropharyngeal cancers in the United States, but their effect may vary by demographic variables.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Advancing infection control in dental care settings: factors associated with dentists' implementation of guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
- Author
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Cleveland JL, Bonito AJ, Corley TJ, Foster M, Barker L, Brown GG, Lenfestey N, and Lux L
- Subjects
- Administrative Personnel, Canada, Dental Instruments, Education, Dental, Continuing, Female, Guideline Adherence, Humans, Infection Control, Dental methods, Infection Control, Dental statistics & numerical data, Male, Middle Aged, Needlestick Injuries prevention & control, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Water Microbiology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S., Guidelines as Topic, Health Plan Implementation, Infection Control, Dental standards, Practice Patterns, Dentists' statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background and Overview: The authors set out to identify factors associated with implementation by U.S. dentists of four practices first recommended in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Health-Care Settings-2003., Methods: In 2008, the authors surveyed a stratified random sample of 6,825 U.S. dentists. The response rate was 49 percent. The authors gathered data regarding dentists' demographic and practice characteristics, attitudes toward infection control, sources of instruction regarding the guidelines and knowledge about the need to use sterile water for surgical procedures. Then they assessed the impact of those factors on the implementation of four recommendations: having an infection control coordinator, maintaining dental unit water quality, documenting percutaneous injuries and using safer medical devices, such as safer syringes and scalpels. The authors conducted bivariate analyses and proportional odds modeling., Results: Responding dentists in 34 percent of practices had implemented none or one of the four recommendations, 40 percent had implemented two of the recommendations and 26 percent had implemented three or four of the recommendations. The likelihood of implementation was higher among dentists who acknowledged the importance of infection control, had practiced dentistry for less than 30 years, had received more continuing dental education credits in infection control, correctly identified more surgical procedures that require the use of sterile water, worked in larger practices and had at least three sources of instruction regarding the guidelines. Dentists with practices in the South Atlantic, Middle Atlantic or East South Central U.S. Census divisions were less likely to have complied., Conclusions: Implementation of the four recommendations varied among U.S. dentists. Strategies targeted at raising awareness of the importance of infection control, increasing continuing education requirements and developing multiple modes of instruction may increase implementation of current and future Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Evidence-based clinical recommendations regarding screening for oral squamous cell carcinomas.
- Author
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Rethman MP, Carpenter W, Cohen EE, Epstein J, Evans CA, Flaitz CM, Graham FJ, Hujoel PP, Kalmar JR, Koch WM, Lambert PM, Lingen MW, Oettmeier BW Jr, Patton LL, Perkins D, Reid BC, Sciubba JJ, Tomar SL, Wyatt AD Jr, Aravamudhan K, Frantsve-Hawley J, Cleveland JL, and Meyer DM
- Subjects
- Alcohol Drinking, American Dental Association, Asymptomatic Diseases, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell epidemiology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell mortality, Coloring Agents, Cytodiagnosis, Early Detection of Cancer, Humans, Incidence, Light, Mouth Neoplasms epidemiology, Mouth Neoplasms mortality, Physical Examination, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Risk Factors, Smoking, Tolonium Chloride, United States epidemiology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell diagnosis, Evidence-Based Dentistry, Mass Screening methods, Mouth Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: This article presents evidence-based clinical recommendations developed by a panel convened by the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs. This report addresses the potential benefits and potential risks of screening for oral squamous cell carcinomas and the use of adjunctive screening aids to visualize and detect potentially malignant and malignant oral lesions., Types of Studies Reviewed: The panel members conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE, identifying 332 systematic reviews and 1,499 recent clinical studies. They selected 5 systematic reviews and 4 clinical studies to use as a basis for developing recommendations., Results: The panel concluded that screening by means of visual and tactile examination to detect potentially malignant and malignant lesions may result in detection of oral cancers at early stages of development, but that there is insufficient evidence to determine if screening alters disease-specific mortality in asymptomatic people seeking dental care., Clinical Implications: The panel suggested that clinicians remain alert for signs of potentially malignant lesions or early-stage cancers while performing routine visual and tactile examinations in all patients, but particularly in those who use tobacco or who consume alcohol heavily. Additional research regarding oral cancer screening and the use of adjuncts is needed.
- Published
- 2012
11. The connection between human papillomavirus and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas in the United States: implications for dentistry.
- Author
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Cleveland JL, Junger ML, Saraiya M, Markowitz LE, Dunne EF, and Epstein JB
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell epidemiology, Humans, Incidence, Mouth Neoplasms epidemiology, Mouth Neoplasms virology, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local epidemiology, Oropharyngeal Neoplasms epidemiology, Papillomavirus Vaccines, Risk Factors, Sexual Behavior, United States epidemiology, Alphapapillomavirus physiology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell virology, Oropharyngeal Neoplasms virology, Papillomavirus Infections epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Results from studies conducted in the past several years suggest that some oropharyngeal cancers, those of the base of the tongue and the tonsils, are associated with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV). In this article, the authors summarize the available evidence regarding the epidemiology of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers in the United States, the available HPV vaccines and the implications of these for dentistry. They also examine the differences in HPV prevalence between cancers of the oral cavity and those of the oropharynx., Types of Studies Reviewed: The authors searched PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library and the National Guideline Clearinghouse to identify English-language systematic reviews and meta-analyses focused on HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell cancers published from January 2005 through May 2011., Results: Molecular and epidemiologic evidence suggest a strong etiologic association of HPV with oropharyngeal cancers. The incidence of oropharyngeal cancers in the United States has increased between 1973 and 2007, whereas that of cancers at other head and neck sites has decreased steadily. Compared with HPV-negative cancers, HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers are associated with certain sexual behaviors, occur more often among white men and people who do not use tobacco or alcohol, and may occur in a population younger by about four years (median ages, 52-56 years). Despite often having a later stage of diagnosis, people with HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers have a lower risk of dying or recurrence than do those with HPV-negative cancers. The effectiveness of the HPV vaccine in preventing oropharyngeal cancers is unknown., Clinical Implications: Dental health care personnel (DHCP) should be knowledgeable about the role of HPV in carcinogenesis, the association of HPV with oropharyngeal cancers and HPV vaccines, and they should be prompt in referring patients with suggestive symptoms for evaluation. DHCP can play an important role in increasing patients' knowledge about HPV and oropharyngeal cancers., (Copyright © 2011 American Dental Association. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. CDC weighs in on TADs.
- Author
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Cleveland JL and Kohn W
- Subjects
- Humans, Sterilization methods, United States, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. standards, Guidelines as Topic, Infection Control, Dental standards, Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures instrumentation, Sterilization standards
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Oral health needs among adults in the United States with chronic diseases.
- Author
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Griffin SO, Barker LK, Griffin PM, Cleveland JL, and Kohn W
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Arthritis complications, Cardiovascular Diseases complications, DMF Index, Dental Caries epidemiology, Diabetes Complications epidemiology, Emphysema complications, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Female, Hepatitis C complications, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity complications, Periodontal Diseases epidemiology, Poverty statistics & numerical data, Referral and Consultation statistics & numerical data, Smoking epidemiology, Stroke complications, Tooth Loss complications, Tooth Loss epidemiology, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Dental Care for Chronically Ill statistics & numerical data, Dental Caries complications, Health Services Needs and Demand statistics & numerical data, Periodontal Diseases complications
- Abstract
Background: Oral and dental diseases may be associated with other chronic diseases., Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004, the authors calculated the prevalence of untreated dental diseases, self-reported poor oral health and the number of missing teeth for adults in the United States who had certain chronic diseases. The authors used multivariate analysis to determine whether these diseases were associated with indicators of dental disease after controlling for common risk factors., Results: Participants with rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes or a liver condition were twice as likely to have an urgent need for dental treatment as were participants who did not have these diseases. After controlling for common risk factors, the authors found that arthritis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, emphysema, hepatitis C virus, obesity and stroke still were associated with dental disease., Conclusions: The authors found a high burden of unmet dental care needs among participants with chronic diseases. This association held in the multivariate analysis, suggesting that some chronic diseases may increase the risk of developing dental disease, decrease utilization of dental care or both., Clinical Implications: Dental and medical care providers should work together to ensure that adults with chronic diseases receive regular dental care.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Tuberculosis epidemiology, diagnosis and infection control recommendations for dental settings: an update on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines.
- Author
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Cleveland JL, Robison VA, and Panlilio AL
- Subjects
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S., Cross Infection epidemiology, Cross Infection prevention & control, Disinfection methods, Emigrants and Immigrants statistics & numerical data, Global Health, Healthcare Disparities statistics & numerical data, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional prevention & control, Interferon-gamma blood, Masks, Mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology, Occupational Exposure, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Racial Groups statistics & numerical data, Risk Assessment, Sterilization methods, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary prevention & control, United States epidemiology, Infection Control, Dental, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Although rates of tuberculosis (TB) in the United States have decreased in recent years, disparities in TB incidence still exist between U.S.-born and foreign-born people (people living in the United States but born outside it) and between white people and nonwhite people. In addition, the number of TB outbreaks among health care personnel and patients has decreased since the implementation of the 1994 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines to prevent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this article, the authors provide updates on the epidemiology of TB, advances in TB diagnostic methods and TB infection control guidelines for dental settings., Results: In 2008, 83 percent of all reported TB cases in the United States occurred in nonwhite people and 17 percent occurred in white people. Foreign-born people had a TB rate about 10 times higher than that of U.S.-born people. New blood assays for M. tuberculosis have been developed to diagnose TB infection and disease. Changes from the 1994 CDC guidelines incorporated into CDC's "Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health-Care Settings, 2005" include revised risk classifications, new TB diagnostic methods, decreased frequencies of tuberculin skin testing in various settings and changes in terminology., Clinical Implications: Although the principles of TB infection control have remained the same, the changing epidemiology of TB and the advent of new diagnostic methods for TB led to the development of the 2005 update to the 1994 guidelines. Dental health care personnel should be aware of the modifications that are pertinent to dental settings and incorporate them into their overall infection control programs.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Guidelines for infection control in dental health care settings--2003.
- Author
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Kohn WG, Harte JA, Malvitz DM, Collins AS, Cleveland JL, and Eklund KJ
- Subjects
- Blood-Borne Pathogens, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S., Dental Equipment microbiology, Equipment Contamination prevention & control, Hand Disinfection, Humans, Occupational Diseases prevention & control, Occupational Exposure, Protective Devices, Sterilization, United States, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Water Microbiology, Water Supply, Infection Control, Dental methods
- Abstract
Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, is the lead federal agency for disease prevention in the United States. It has been 10 years since CDC infection control guidelines for dental health care settings were last published. During those 10 years, new technologies and issues have emerged, and other CDC infection control guidelines for health care settings have been updated., Results: In light of these developments, CDC collaborated with experts in infection control to revise its infection control recommendations for dental health care settings. Existing guidelines and published research pertinent to dental infection control principles and practices were reviewed. This article provides background information, describes the process used to create these guidelines, and lists the new recommendations., Clinical Implications: CDC believes that dental offices that follow these new recommendations will strengthen an already admirable record of safe dental practice. Patients and providers alike can be assured that oral health care can be delivered and received in a safe manner.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Use of HIV postexposure prophylaxis by dental health care personnel: an overview and updated recommendations.
- Author
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Cleveland JL, Barker L, Gooch BF, Beltrami EM, and Cardo D
- Subjects
- Anti-HIV Agents administration & dosage, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S., Equipment Contamination, HIV Infections transmission, HIV Seronegativity, HIV Seropositivity classification, HIV Seropositivity epidemiology, Humans, Needlestick Injuries classification, Needlestick Injuries epidemiology, Population Surveillance, Risk Factors, Statistics as Topic, United States epidemiology, United States Public Health Service, Viral Load, Dental Auxiliaries, Dentists, HIV Infections prevention & control, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional prevention & control, Occupational Exposure classification, Occupational Exposure statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: The authors conducted a study on the use of postexposure prophylaxis, or PEP, for exposure to human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, among dental health care personnel, or DHCP, enrolled in a surveillance system established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC. They also discuss updated U.S. Public Health Service, or USPHS, recommendations for managing occupational exposures to HIV, as well as considerations for dentistry., Methods: The authors analyzed occupational exposures reported by DHCP to the CDC to describe characteristics of the exposure (for example, type and severity), the source patient's HIV status and use of PEP., Results: From June 1995 through August 2001, DHCP reported 208 exposures--199 percutaneous injuries, six mucous membrane exposures and three skin exposures--to the CDC. One-third of these percutaneous injuries were caused by small-bore hollow syringe needles, and most (66 percent) were moderate in depth. Nearly half the devices involved (46 percent) were visibly bloody at the time of injury. Per the criteria described in USPHS guidelines, one-half of the injuries were categorized as "less severe." Twenty-four (13 percent) known source patients were HIV-positive; 14 had symptomatic HIV infection or a high viral load. In this study, three in four DHCP exposed to an HIV-positive source warranted a three-drug PEP regimen. Twenty-nine (24 percent) DHCP exposed to a source patient who subsequently was found to be HIV-negative took PEP; six took PEP for five to 29 days. No exposures resulted in HIV infection., Conclusions: Findings of this study are consistent with earlier reports indicating that the risk of HIV transmission in dental settings is low. Strategies such as rapid HIV testing of source patients and follow-up counseling may reduce unnecessary use of PEP., Clinical Implications: Dental practices should develop comprehensive, written programs for preventing and managing occupational exposures to blood.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. To tell or not to tell: breaching confidentiality with clients with HIV and AIDS.
- Author
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Hook MK and Cleveland JL
- Subjects
- Altruism, Beneficence, Disclosure, Humans, Jurisprudence, Organizational Policy, Patients, Psychotherapy, Societies, United States, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Confidentiality, Counseling, Duty to Warn, HIV Seropositivity, Health Personnel, Practice Guidelines as Topic
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Occupational blood exposures in dentistry: a decade in review.
- Author
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Cleveland JL, Gooch BF, and Lockwood SA
- Subjects
- Cross Infection epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Incidence, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional statistics & numerical data, Needlestick Injuries epidemiology, Needlestick Injuries prevention & control, United States epidemiology, Blood-Borne Pathogens, Cross Infection prevention & control, Dental Care, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional prevention & control
- Abstract
This review summarizes data from self-reported and observational studies describing the nature, frequency, and circumstances of occupational blood exposures among US dental workers between 1986 and 1995. These studies suggest that, among US dentists, percutaneous injuries have declined steadily over the 10-year period. Data also suggest that, in 1995, most dental workers (dentists, hygienists assistants, and oral surgeons) experienced approximately three injuries per year. Work practices (eg, using an instrument instead of fingers to retract tissue), safer instrumentation or design (eg, self-sheathing needles, changes in dental-unit design), and continued worker education may reduce occupational blood exposures in dentistry further.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
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19. Investigations of patients of health care workers infected with HIV. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention database.
- Author
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Robert LM, Chamberland ME, Cleveland JL, Marcus R, Gooch BF, Srivastava PU, Culver DH, Jaffe HW, Marianos DW, Panlilio AL, and Bell DM
- Subjects
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S., Databases, Factual, Disclosure, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, United States, HIV Infections transmission, Health Personnel, Infectious Disease Transmission, Professional-to-Patient
- Abstract
Objective: To assess the risk for transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from an infected health care worker to patients., Design: Survey of investigators from health departments, hospitals, and other agencies who had elected to notify patients who had received care from health care workers infected with HIV., Measurements: Information was collected about infected health care workers, their work practices, their patients' HIV test results, procedures that they did on those of their patients who were tested for HIV, and patient notification procedures., Results: As of 1 January 1995, information about investigations of 64 health care workers infected with HIV was reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; HIV test results were available for approximately 22,171 patients of 51 of the 64 health care workers. For 37 of the 51 workers, no seropositive patients were reported among 13,063 patients tested for HIV. For the remaining 14 health care workers, 113 seropositive patients were reported among 9108 patients. Epidemiologic and laboratory follow-up did not show any health care worker to have been a source of HIV for any of the patients tested., Conclusion: Despite limitations, these data are consistent with previous assessments that state that the risk for transmission of HIV from a health care worker to a patient is very small. These data also support current recommendations that state that retrospective patient notification need not be done routinely.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. TB infection control recommendations from the CDC, 1994: considerations for dentistry. United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
- Author
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Cleveland JL, Gooch BF, Bolyard EA, Simone PM, Mullan RJ, and Marianos DW
- Subjects
- Dental Facilities legislation & jurisprudence, Humans, Risk Assessment, Tuberculosis transmission, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary transmission, United States, Dental Care for Chronically Ill legislation & jurisprudence, Infection Control legislation & jurisprudence, Tuberculosis prevention & control
- Abstract
Between 1989 and 1992, reports of outbreaks and transmissions of tuberculosis in institutional settings prompted the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to review the guidelines for TB infection control it had published in 1990. The CDC published an updated version of the guidelines in October 1994. This article gives dentists an overview of the guidelines' recommendations that are applicable to most outpatient dental settings.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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