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The article highlights the long-term results of two large, randomized trials on managing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) conducted by investigators from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) in the U.S. and a collaborative group of European investigators from the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and Switzerland. Among the factors that negatively influence the outcome of patients with AML are older age, poor performance status and high white-cell count. Both studies have concluded that the 90-milligram (mg) dose of daunorubicin, as compared with the standard 45-mg dose, appear to be similar. According to the authors, high-dose daunorubicin does not benefit the majority of older patients with AML.