1. Adverse Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Events Associated With Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy.
- Author
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Goldman, Adam, Maor, Elad, Bomze, David, Liu, Jennifer E., Herrmann, Joerg, Fein, Joshua, Steingart, Richard M., Mahmood, Syed S., Schaffer, Wendy L., Perales, Miguel-Angel, and Shouval, Roni
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CHIMERIC antigen receptors , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases , *T cells , *CARDIOMYOPATHIES , *TACHYARRHYTHMIAS , *CYTOKINE release syndrome , *VENTRICULAR arrhythmia , *LUNG disease diagnosis , *CARDIOVASCULAR disease prevention , *LUNG disease prevention , *CARDIOVASCULAR disease diagnosis , *CARDIOTOXICITY , *BIOLOGICAL products , *IMMUNIZATION , *LUNG diseases , *PHARMACOLOGY , *CELL receptors , *DRUG monitoring , *RESEARCH funding , *DRUG side effects - Abstract
Background: Pivotal trials of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) have identified common toxicities but may have been underpowered to detect cardiovascular and pulmonary adverse events (CPAEs).Objectives: This study sought to investigate CPAEs associated with commercial CD19-directed CAR-T therapy.Methods: In this retrospective, pharmacovigilance study, the authors used the Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system to identify CPAEs associated with axicabtagene-ciloleucel and tisagenlecleucel. The authors evaluated disproportionate reporting by the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and the lower bound of the information component 95% credibility interval (IC025 >0 is deemed significant). Significant associations were further adjusted to age and sex (adj.ROR).Results: The authors identified CAR-T reports of 2,657 patients, including 546 CPAEs (20.5%). CPAEs overlapped with cytokine release syndrome in 68.3% (373 of 546) of the reports. Compared with the full database, CAR-T was associated with overreporting of tachyarrhythmias (n = 74 [2.8%], adj.ROR = 2.78 [95% CI: 2.21-3.51]), cardiomyopathy (n = 69 [2.6%], adj.ROR = 3.51 [2.42-5.09]), pleural disorders (n = 46 [1.7%], adj.ROR = 3.91 [2.92-5.23]), and pericardial diseases (n = 11 [0.4%], adj.ROR = 2.26 [1.25-4.09], all IC025 >0). Venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) were associated only with axicabtagene-ciloleucel therapy (n = 28 [1.6%], adj.ROR = 1.80 [1.24-2.62], IC025 >0). Atrial fibrillation (n = 55) was the leading tachyarrhythmia, followed by ventricular arrhythmias (n = 14). Tachyarrhythmias and VTEs were reported more often following axicabtagene-ciloleucel than tisagenlecleucel in an age- and sex-adjusted model (adj.ROR = 1.82 [1.04-3.18] and adj.ROR = 2.86 [1.18-6.93], respectively). Finally, the fatality rate of CPAEs was 30.9%.Conclusions: In this largest post-marketing study to date, the authors identified an association between CAR-T and various CPAEs, including tachyarrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, pericardial and pleural disorders, and VTEs. These findings should be considered in the multidisciplinary assessment for and monitoring of CAR-T therapy recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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