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The article discusses the authors' views about America's regulatory process and the role of benefit-cost analysis (BCA), and it mentions the factors that limit the use of BCA as a means of improving regulatory policy in the U.S. Legislation and government regulatory agencies are addressed, along with America's Administrative Procedure Act (APA) and ex ante regulatory impact analyses. The U.S. Office of Information & Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) and market failure are assessed.

The article discusses the reported relationship between the U.S. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) federal block grant and racial justice in America as of September 2013, focusing on the alleged racism that exists in the welfare programs that are designed to help for poor families in America. Poverty is addressed in relation to ethnic and racial minorities in the U.S. The Great Recession impacts on poor families and the TANF program are examined, along with racial discrimination.

The article discusses food stamp usage and the U.S. Food & Nutrition Service's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) as of September 2012, focusing on the National Center for Law and Economic Justice's (NCLEJ) reform plan regarding food stamp applications and recertifications in the U.S. The NCLEJ's advocacy program reportedly includes the filing of class action litigation paperwork to compel government agencies to resolve problems.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to survey Major League Soccer stakeholders' attitudes and perspectives on the youth-to-senior transition with a particular interest in the league's evolving club structures, specifically the reserve team and youth academy entities. The survey assessed various stakeholders' views on clubs' organisational aims and structure, the capabilities of club entities to prepare players for the first team, and the transition process to the first team within MLS., Methods: A total of 80 participants working in various 'player operation' roles for MLS clubs in the United States and Canada voluntarily completed the online survey., Results: The predominant aim for both reserve teams and academies in MLS is to develop players for the first team. The organisational structure and governance of reserve teams are varied across the league, but an overarching feature is their function as a development team. When players are transitioning, communication between staff may or may not be clear and effective. Finally, for players within an MLS club's talent pathway, a variety of support strategies are made available during the transition into the first team, but psychological support in particular may be limited or unavailable., Conclusion: Similar to European soccer, the aim of MLS reserve teams and youth academies is to develop first team players for the club. However, while players are transitioning into the first team, communication may or may not be clear and effective, and psychological support may be absent, which may impair player development initiatives.