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This study analyzed 816 medical professors' perceptions of clinical teaching, as measured with the online version of the Clinical Teaching Perception Inventory, and examined difficulties that female professors faced in becoming the ideal clinical teacher. While describing themselves as a clinical teacher, female professors rated themselves lower than did their male counterparts on the stereotypical masculine characteristics "stimulating," "well read," "assured," and "secure" and rated themselves higher on a stereotypical feminine characteristic "feeling." It is possible that female medical professors underrate their actual behaviors as clinical teachers. Implications are discussed for future faculty development and the advancement of gender equity in medical education, where numbers of women have been steadily increasing. Recommendations for further research are offered. (Contains 1 figure and 3 tables.)

Background: To guide the future faculty development practices in a better manner, it is important to determine how clinical teachers perceive their own skill development. Aim: The objective of this study was to examine the extent to which clinical teachers aligned their teaching practices, as measured with a self-rating instrument, with their understanding of what constitutes good clinical teaching. Method: A sample of 1523 residents and 737 faculty members completed the clinical teaching perception inventory (CTPI) online and ranked 28 single-word descriptors that characterized clinical teachers along a seven-point scale in two measures, ''My Ideal Teacher'' and ''Myself as a Teacher.'' Results: Faculty and residents showed strikingly similar discrepancies, in both their magnitudes and directions, between their ratings of ''My Ideal Teacher'' and those of ''Myself as a Teacher.'' Both residents and faculty found it most difficult to develop the stimulating, well-read, and innovative nature to meet their own standards. Conclusions: Data did not support our hypothesis that faculty would demonstrate stronger congruence between ''My Ideal Teacher'' and ''Myself as a Teacher'' than residents. Medical faculty would benefit from future faculty development practices that are designed to assist them in becoming stimulating, well-read, and innovative teachers, while using less control and caution in their teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study discloses detailed Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) characteristics in the two 30-day integrations of the global cloud-system-resolving Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) using the all-season real-time multivariate MJO index of Wheeler and Hendon. The model anomaly is derived by excluding the observed climatology because the simulation is sufficiently realistic. Results show that the MJO has a realistic evolution in amplitude pattern, geographical locations, eastward propagation, and baroclinic- and westward-tilted structures. In the central Indian Ocean, convection develops with the low-level easterly wind anomaly then matures where the low-level easterly and westerly anomalies meet. Anomalous moisture tilts slightly with height. In contrast, over the western Pacific, the convection grows with a low-level westerly anomaly. Moisture fluctuations, leading convection in eastward propagation, tilt clearly westward with height. The frictional moisture convergence mechanism operates to maintain the MJO. Such success can be attributed to the explicit representation of the interactions between convection and large-scale circulations. The simulated event, however, grows faster in phases 2 and 3, and peaks with 30% higher amplitude than that observed, although the 7-km version shows slight improvement. The fast-growth phases are induced by the fast-growing low-level convergence in the Indian Ocean and the strongly biased ITCZ in the west Pacific when the model undergoes a spinup. The simulated OLR has a substantial bias in the tropics. Possible solutions to the deficiencies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluates the gerontology education offered at University of Southern California Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and the success of its graduates. Overview of studies on gerontology programs; Variables used in the study; Three criteria used to determine alumni success; Implications of the research findings.

The article focuses on the global imbalance of payment as well as on international monetary reform to stabilize the foreign exchange rates. It observes that structural adjustment of domestic economies should be encouraged in both surplus and deficit countries to control the growing imbalance of payment. It reports that a significant imbalance exists in the current account between the U.S. and Japan and also between the U.S. and West Germany. It reflects depreciating the U.S. dollar against the Japanese Yen or the Deutschemark would be counter-productive in stabilizing the world economy.

Blood of adult and juvenile black and turkey vultures in the Savannah River Site of South Carolina, USA was analyzed for the presence of 2,3,7,8-chlorine substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (2,3,7,8-PCDDs), dibenzofurans (2,3,7,8-PCDFs), -dioxin-like and -di-ortho polychlorinated biphenyls. Concentration ranges of 2,3,7,8-PCDD/DFs in blood of black and turkey vultures were 14.2–34.6 and 8.7–56.2 pg/ml wet wt., respectively. Dioxin-like PCBs were in the ranges of 815–4627 and 753–3611 pg/ml wet wt. respectively, in black and turkey vultures. Considerable concentrations of two congeners of di-ortho PCBs were noticed in the ranges of 1415–10 325 and 663–7500 pg/ml respectively, in black and turkey vultures. Comparatively, greater toxic equivalency (TEQ) were observed in blood of turkey vultures with the ranges of 3.2–20, whereas black vulture contained 1.8–8.4 pg TEQ/ml wet wt. basis. The species-specific accumulation profiles of PCDD/DFs and dioxin-like PCBs may reflect the different feeding habits, ecology, metabolic capacity and migratory movements of these two scavenging species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Investigates the distribution and elimination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins in tissues of bald eagles from the upper peninsula of Michigan. Details on the foraging activity of predatory birds; Effect of environmental toxicants on biological processes; Increase of the bald population in the area.