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This article presents information on school racial integration. There have been a variety of recent controversies, both over the issue of bussing school children to obtain quality education for Black children in integrated schools and over the results of attempts to evaluate the effects of bussing as a means to school integration and quality education. Often the two issues are not unrelated. Moreover, the motivations of the politicians, educators, social scientists, school board members and others with vested interests who are engaged in these controversies, while often quite clear, are at other times concealed behind a jungle of rationalizations. Modern day supporters and opponents of school integration point to the Supreme Court Decision of 1954 as the crucial historic and triggering event in developments leading to the present controversy over the rightness or wrongness of integration. Both sides do the Supreme Court a disservice. It makes far more sense to consider--as far as the United States is concerned--the full history of racism in the country as the background of the present controversy.