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Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is the only known curative therapy for many patients with life-threatening hematologic and oncologic diseases. It is estimated that the National Marrow Donor Program(®) (NMDP) will facilitate 10,000 transplants by 2015, double the current number. To better understand the existing personnel and center infrastructure for HCT in the country and to address system capacity challenges to the future growth of HCT, the NMDP convened a diverse group of stakeholders and thought leaders representing HCT physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, nurses, pharmacists, other healthcare providers, HCT program directors, hospital administrators, payors, and professional organizations. Working groups were formed to identify: capacity issues because of shortages in human resources, structural constraints, and patient access barriers including diversity and healthcare disparity challenges; recommendations to address challenges; and stakeholders to engage. This report details the deliberations and recommendations of a national symposium, "Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in 2020: A Health Care Resource and Infrastructure Assessment," held in September 2010., (Copyright © 2012 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: To provide an overview of the indications for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), including standard-of-care and experimental diseases., Data Sources: Research studies, book chapters, websites, and articles describing diseases treated with HSCT., Conclusion: The indications for HSCT are continually changing and expanding rapidly beyond the traditional use as a treatment for malignant and non malignant diseases., Implications for Nursing Practice: Nurses who care for transplant patients will need to become knowledgeable of not only the diseases treated traditionally with HSCT, but also the many other diseases or disorders in which HSCT may play a role.