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Purpose: Congenital heart disease affects thousands of newborns each year in the United States. Previous United States-based research has explored how sociodemographic factors may impact health outcomes in infants with congenital heart disease; however, their impact on the incidence of congenital heart disease is unclear. We explored the sociodemographic profile related to congenital heart disease to help address health disparities that arise from race and social determinants of health. Defining the sociodemographic factors associated with congenital heart disease will encourage implementation of potential preventative measures., Design and Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of longitudinally collected data comparing 39 infants with congenital heart disease and 30 healthy controls. We used a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic data. Pearson's chi-square test/Fisher's exact tests analyzed the associations among different sociodemographic factors between infants with congenital heart disease and healthy controls., Results: We found a statistically significant difference in maternal education between our 2 groups of infants (p = 0.004)., Conclusion: Maternal education was associated with congenital heart disease. Future studies are needed to further characterize sociodemographic factors that may predict and impact the incidence of congenital heart disease and to determine possible interventions that may help decrease health disparities regarding the incidence of congenital heart disease., Practice Implications: Understanding the associations between maternal sociodemographic factors and infant congenital heart disease would allow clinicians to identify mothers at higher risk of having an infant with congenital heart disease., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Although resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) may be effective in trauma management, its effect in patients with severe multiple torso trauma remains unclear., Methods: We performed a retrospective study to evaluate trauma management with REBOA in hemodynamically unstable patients with severe multiple trauma. Of 5899 severe trauma patients admitted to our hospital between January 2011 and January 2018, we selected 107 patients with severe torso trauma (Injury Severity Score > 16) who displayed persistent hypotension [≥ 2 systolic blood pressure (SBP) values ≤ 90 mmHg] regardless of primary resuscitation. Patients were divided into two groups: trauma management with REBOA ( n  = 15) and without REBOA ( n  = 92). The primary endpoint was the effectiveness of trauma management with REBOA with respect to in-hospital mortality. Secondary endpoints included time from arrival to the start of hemostasis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis, adjusted for clinically important variables, was performed to evaluate clinical outcomes., Results: Trauma management with REBOA was significantly associated with decreased mortality (adjusted odds ratio of survival, 7.430; 95% confidence interval, 1.081-51.062; p  = 0.041). The median time (interquartile range) from admission to initiation of hemostasis was not significantly different between the two groups [with REBOA 53.0 (40.0-80.3) min vs. without REBOA 57.0 (35.0-100.0) min ]. The time from arrival to the start of balloon occlusion was 55.7 ± 34.2 min. SBP before insertion of REBOA was 48.2 ± 10.5 mmHg. Total balloon occlusion time was 32.5 ± 18.2 min., Conclusions: The use of REBOA without a delay in initiating resuscitative hemostasis may improve the outcomes in patients with multiple severe torso trauma. However, optimal use may be essential for success., Competing Interests: This study was approved by the institutional review board for clinical research, Tokai University approval no.: 17R-344.Not applicableThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

To assess the cultural differences in the role of somatosensory amplification in Japan and North America, we re-examined the role of psychological amplification of objective physical symptoms, as measured by the Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SSAS), in 82 Japanese patients with upper-respiratory tract infections. Anxiety and depression were measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). We determined the association among continuous variables using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Next, we used multiple regression analysis and selected all symptoms as independent variables. The SSAS was significantly associated with all somatic symptoms. It was also closely related to discomfort, but the SSAS was not significantly correlated with either anxiety or depression. All somatic symptoms were not significantly correlated with the objective physical findings. Multiple regression analyses indicated that amplification by SSAS was a statistically significant predictor of the patient's somatic symptoms and discomfort. The objective findings did not significantly predict the patient's symptoms. Our study provides some empirical evidence regarding psychological amplification of objective physical symptoms, as measured by SSAS, in Japanese patients with upper-respiratory tract infections. Our findings suggest that there is no difference in the role of amplification of bodily sensations between Japanese and North Americans.