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Abstract—The climatic characteristics and morphometric indicators of the relief of habitats of forest communities described in the system of ecological and floristic classification on the Ufa plateau, as well as on the western macroslope and in the centrally elevated part of the Southern Urals were compared. It has been shown that syntaxonomic differences in forest vegetation in these areas are primarily caused by the differences in air temperature and summer precipitation. Existing climate change forecasts assume an increase in average annual and summer temperatures, as well as an increase in the amount of winter and a decrease in summer precipitation. This suggests that coniferous and mixed coniferous-broad-leaved forests will be enriched with species of the nemoral complex in the future in the Southern Urals, which in turn will lead to an increase in their similarity with modern forests of the Ufa plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]