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Introduction: root canals morphology knowledge is important in order to achieve success in endodontics treatments. Accessory roots have been reported in mandibular anterior teeth, and it is necessary to improve better and new diagnostic methods, such as micro-CT. The aim of this study was to investigate the internal and external anatomy of human permanent mandibular canine teeth using micro-CT. It was used 50 permanent mandibular canine teeth with complete rhyzogenesis. Deciduous teeth, teeth with deep caries, fractures, incomplete rhyzogenesis and those that presented with obturated root canal were excluded. The samples were scanned in a microtomography (SkyScan 1174, Belgium) by using 50 kV, 800 mA. The thickness of the slices was 6 µm. After three-dimensional reconstruction, the images were transferred to Mimics v. 18 (Materialise, Belgium) for analysis of the internal anatomy of the roots of the mandibular canines. Canines were classified in types I to VIII. The external anatomy of the root was analysed and classified regarding according to the existence or not of the mesial radicular grooves. The R CRAN (WU Wien, TU Dortmund, U Oxford, AT&T Research) software was used for statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis was performed by percentage to verify the most frequent root canal type in the lower canines. The descriptive analysis was performed in the form of a decision tree. The level of significance was <0.05. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the internal anatomy revealed that the most frequent canal was type I (92%), followed by type III (8%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]