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Background: Anecdotally, the burden of fungal diseases in Vietnam is rapidly rising, but there has been no updated estimate on this issue since a previous report in 2015. Objectives: In this study, we aimed at estimating the incidence and prevalence of serious fungal infections for the year 2020. Methods: We made estimates with a previously described methodology, using reports on the incidence and prevalence of various established risk factors for fungal infections from local, regional or global sources. Results: We estimated 2,389,661 cases of serious fungal infection occurred in Vietnam in 2020. The most common condition was recurrent vaginal candidiasis (4047/100,000 women annually). Among people living with HIV, we estimated 451 cases of cryptococcal meningitis, 1030 of pneumocystis pneumonia, 166 of histoplasmosis and 1612 of talaromycosis annually. Candidaemia incidence was estimated at 12/100,000 population each year. Owing to its high burden of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases, Vietnam had high rates of severe infections caused by Aspergillus species. Incidence of invasive aspergillosis is 24/100,000 population, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis 78/100,000 and severe asthma with fungal sensitisation 102/100,000. Five‐year period prevalence of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis is 120/100,000 population /5‐year period. Mucormycosis, fungal keratitis and tinea capitis were estimated at 192, 14,431 and 201 episodes each year, respectively. Conclusions: The number of patients with mycoses in Vietnam is likely underestimated due to a lack of local data and limited diagnostic capacity, but at least 2.5% of the population might have some form of serious fungal disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Recently, adult acne has increased with the infestation of fungal and Demodex due to use of poor quality cosmetic products. Objective: To define the prevalence of fungal and Demodex infestation and its related factors on adult acne at Can Tho Dermatology Hospital, Vietnam. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 134 adult acne patients at Can Tho Dermatology Hospital, Vietnam. Results: The study from 8/2014 to 3/2015 recorded the prevalence of fungal and Demodex infestation on adult acne patients which were 29.1% (Demodex 26.1% and fungi 3%). Related factors were tingling sensation (p = 0.017, OR = 2.5), no papules or pustules (p = 0.016, OR = 0.362), lesions on the cheeks (p = 0.047, OR = 0.68), clinical characteristics (p = 0.002), dry skin and scaling (p<0.001, OR = 22). Conclusion: The prevalence of fungal and Demodex infestation on adult acne patients was 29.1%. Adult acne patients with tingling feeling, dry skin and scaling, acne comedones and most of lesions on the cheeks had higher possibility of fungal and Demodex infestation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data regarding the prevalence of fungal infections in Vietnam are limited yet they are likely to occur more frequently as increasingly sophisticated healthcare creates more iatrogenic risk factors. In this study, we sought to estimate baseline incidence and prevalence of selected serious fungal infections for the year 2012. We made estimates with a previously described actuarial method, using reports on the incidence and prevalence of various established risk factors for fungal infections from Vietnam, or similar environments, supplemented by personal communications. Global data were used if local data were unavailable. We estimated 2 352 748 episodes of serious fungal infection occurred in Vietnam in 2012. Frequent conditions included recurrent vaginal candidiasis (3893/100 000 women annually), tinea capitis (457/100 000 annually) and chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (61/100 000/5 year period). We estimated 140 cases of cryptococcal meningitis, 206 of penicilliosis and 608 of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. This is the first summary of Vietnamese fungal infections. The majority of severe disease is due to Aspergillus species, driven by the high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis. The AIDS epidemic highlights opportunistic infections, such as penicilliosis and cryptococcosis, which may complicate immunosuppressive treatments. These estimates provide a useful indication of disease prevalence to inform future research and resource allocation but should be verified by further epidemiological approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]