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Urban logistics is important to a city's sustainable growth and development. With the increase in population and the economic growth in urban areas, the issue of congestion and the negative influence of transport of goods on people and the environment is one of the most important factors in the development of urban logistics. By determining the optimal location of urban logistics centres, total transport costs of logistics, the flow of goods in urban areas and the greenhouse gas emissions will be reduced. However, the traditional methods are easily influenced by the ambiguity of objective data, which makes it difficult to accurately describe the logistics demand in the urban area. To address this issue, the improved location–allocation model for urban logistics centres based on truck trajectory data is proposed. After extracting the origin–destination points, the logistics service demand can be estimated by the DBSCAN (density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise) clustering method. Then, the location–allocation of logistics centres is determined by an improved P-median method with the supply capacity limitation for simultaneous delivery of goods in the logistics centres. To validate the model, taking Wuhan, a central logistics city in China, as an example, the model can effectively ensure the equitable distribution of logistics facilities, minimize freight expenses, achieve more uniformity in logistics center services, and foster sustainable development of the city's logistics sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cognitive scientists have long used distributional semantic representations of categories. The predominant approach uses distributional representations of category‐denoting nouns, such as "city" for the category city. We propose a novel scheme that represents categories as prototypes over representations of names of its members, such as "Barcelona," "Mumbai," and "Wuhan" for the category city. This name‐based representation empirically outperforms the noun‐based representation on two experiments (modeling human judgments of category relatedness and predicting category membership) with particular improvements for ambiguous nouns. We discuss the model complexity of both classes of models and argue that the name‐based model has superior explanatory potential with regard to concept acquisition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 was declared by WHO early on March 11, 2020, and the earliest case came from the southernmost part of India, in Kerala, reportedly on January 30, 2020. The infected patient supposedly had a journey from Wuhan, China (Jena, 12582). Under the thrust compulsion of the Ministry of Education, the educators and instructors were incumbent in following the online mode of tutelage. Soon the real physical classrooms were replaced with Google classrooms, Moodle, and other Learning Management Systems (LMS). Educators, both teachers and learners, sported resilience to the impending fiasco looming far and wide and welcomed the new normal with its intricacies to refurbish the loss. The dynamic shift from traditional classrooms to online tutelage was intimidating initially, but the educating fraternity took many pains to teach on the online platform. Technology has taken a varied perspective among the educated, and its reliability was often demanded. This study ventures to analyse the disparate obstacles faced by the teachers and learners in the academic year 2020 - '21-22'. So far, studies have focused more on analysing students' skill development from the science department (). In order to bridge this gap, a survey was administered among the undergraduate students of the Department of English in the self-financed stream. A questionnaire was prepared and received 214 responses. The questions were framed to evaluate two variables related to online teaching, such as students' skill development through online classes and the ability to perceive problems as creative opportunities during the online teaching during and post-pandemic. The responses suggested that though the students faced considerable challenges during the online classes, their ability to look at problems as creative constraints and skill development capacity have improved over the course of time. The responses suggest that students were satisfied with the online classes and it developed their technical and presentation skills, leadership and team-building skills, and improved their confidence level. The study attempts to placate the ambiguities felt by academia in digital learning by analysing and comprehending its positive facets and to ferret out practical solutions to keep the ball rolling seamlessly throughout the academic calendar. Albeit the success of online classes, the study also deals with the pros and cons of the impact of technology on students and the intricacies involved in wielding ICT tools and other online digitized platforms. Continued profound probing through literature review introduced us to the magic wand' creative constraints' that proved to turn the ball to our court, making the teaching and learning process informative and interactive, engaging and entertaining, which was not possible even in the offline mode. 'Constraints' has, for the first time, a positive connotation that will aid the education system in combating the lack of resources, technical paraphernalia, and infrastructure. Moving abreast with technical expertise is the need of the hour, irrespective of the pandemic outburst. Online teaching tools provide a plethora of opportunities to be innovative, creative, productive and resourceful. Let us embrace the new normal rather than construing excuses for not availing of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By the end of 2018, China has successfully launched 19 new generation BDS-3 satellites, including 18 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites in operation and one Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite under in-orbit test, to complete a primary system for providing global services. In addition to the backward BDS-2 compatible B1I (1561.098 MHz) and B3I (1269.520 MHz) signals, the new-generation BDS-3 satellites are also capable of broadcasting new B1C (1575.42 MHz) and B2a (1176.45 MHz) open service navigation signals that overlap with the GPS/Galileo L1-E1 and L5-E5a signals, which brings opportunity for the tightly combined processing or inter-system double-differencing of observations from BDS-3, GPS, and Galileo. In this presentation, for the first time we assess the interoperability of BDS-3 B1C/B2a signals with GPS/Galileo L1-E1/L5-E5a signals for tightly combined real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning using real data collected in Wuhan, China. First, the characteristics of BDS-3 B1C/B2a signals and its comparison with GPS/Galileo L1-E1/L5-E5a signals is evaluated in terms of observed carrier-to-noise density ratio, pseudorange multipath and noise, and double-differenced carrier phase and code residuals. It is demonstrated that the observational quality of BDS-3 B1C/B2a signals is comparable to that of GPS/Galileo L1-E1/L5-E5a signals. Then, we investigate the size and stability of phase and code differential inter-system bias (DISB) between BDS-3/GPS/Galileo B1C-L1-E1/B2a-L5-E5a signals using zero or short baseline data collected with receivers with both identical and different types. It is verified that the BDS-3/GPS/Galileo DISBs are indeed close to zero when identical types of receivers are used at both ends of a baseline. Moreover, they are generally present and stable in the time domain for baselines with different receiver types, which can be easily calibrated and corrected in advance. Finally, performance of single-epoch tightly combined BDS-3/GPS/Galileo RTK with single-frequency and dual-frequency observations was evaluated by a formal as well as an empirical analysis, consisting of ambiguity dilution of precision (ADOP), bootstrapped success rate (BSR), the empirical ambiguity resolution success rate, and the positioning accuracy. Experimental results from static and kinematic tests demonstrate that whether the combination is BDS-3/GPS, BDS-3/Galileo or BDS-3/GPS/Galileo, the tightly combined model (TCM) can deliver much higher BSR and lower ADOP with respect to the classical loosely combined model (LCM). Meanwhile, the empirical ambiguity resolution success rate and positioning accuracy were remarkably improved as well, especially under poor observational environments where the observed satellites for each system are limited and only single-frequency observations are available. In such cases, the improvement of the empirical ambiguity resolution success rate can reach up to approximately 10%~50%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]