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Objective　To develop the knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP) scale for preventive treatment of disease through constitution of Chinese medicine(KAP-PTDCCM) and test its reliability and validity, in order to provide an assessing tool for health management in preventive treatment through constitution of Chinese medicine. Methods　The KAP-PTDCCM was initially developed by referring to literature review combined with expert opinion based on the KAP Theory. A convenience sample of 922 students from three universities in Xinjiang and Beijing were investigated. Reliabilities of KAP-PTDCCM were tested by internal consistency reliability and split-half reliability. Validities of KAP-PTDCCM were tested by construct validity, convergent validity and discriminant validity. Results　The KAP-PTDCCM consisted of 24 items belonging to three dimensions: Knowledge(8 items), Belief/ Attitude(9 items), and Practice (7 items). The total Cronbach′s α value of KAP-PTDCCM was 0. 925(>0. 9) and varied from 0. 887 to 0. 943(>0. 8) for its three dimensions. Split-half reliability was 0. 960. Results of exploratory factor analysis were in accordance with KAP theory, and the cumulative contribution rate of the top three factors was 66. 33%. The indexes of confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fitness of the model. Convergent validity showed that correlation coefficients ranged from 0. 538 to 0. 838(P<0. 05), and discriminant validity showed that correlation coefficients ranged from 0. 096 to 0. 541(P<0. 05). The successful rate was 100% according to the convergent validity and discriminant validity tests. Conclusion　The 24-item scale of KAP-PTDCCM seems to show good reliability and validity for the application in evaluating the knowledge, attitude, practice, and health management effect of preventive treatment of disease through constitution of Chinese medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]