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Background The incidence of ophthalmologic abnormalities among the deaf children is high, compared with the hearing population of the same age. Objective The main objective of this study was to determine the ophthalmologic abnormalities among the students attending deaf and dumb's school in Aden city (Yemen). Methods This was a cross sectional descriptive study carried out from October 2012 to March 2013 in a school for the deaf and dumb in Aden (Yemen). All students who consented to participate in the study, were enrolled and subjected to a detailed ophthalmic examination, including visual acuity (VA), ocular motility, slit-lamp and fundus examination conducted by a qualified ophthalmologists. Results: A total of 138 deaf students (90 males, 48 females with a male to female ratio of (2:1) were included in this study. A high proportion of the students (92; 66.6%) were in the age group >14 years. Normal eye examination was found in (51; 36.9%), ocular abnormalities found in (87; 63.1%), with some students having multiple abnormalities. Refractive errors comprised the leading abnormality in 41.3%, retinal pigment epithelium patches was found in 10.9% and Warrdenburg syndrome in 5.8%. Twelve eyes 4.4% exhibited VA < 6/18). Conclusion Ocular abnormalities in deaf students are remarkably high which indicate the importance of early ophthalmologic examination in order to facilitate adequate integration of the deaf student as a useful and productive member in the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is very common among females in all age groups. During adolescence, hormonal changes favor vaginal colonization by nephritogenic strains of bacteria that cause urinary tract infection. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of UTI among adolescent girls in public schools in Dhamar city, and its relation to cultural thoughts about school toilets, in hope to change these thoughts and improve hygienic services in those schools. Methods: In the study, 261 adolescent students participated. A questionnaire to obtain demographic, socioeconomic profile, clinical manifestation, practice was used. Investigation included general urinalysis for midstream clean catch urine sample. Results: The overall prevalence of UTI found to be 29.1%. Sixty eight percent (68.2%) of girls noted to avoid entrance to school bathrooms. Parents warning against using the school bathrooms reported in 34.5%. Fear from the presence of camera in bathrooms was reported in 33.7%. Girls retained urine for long time was 29.9%. Lack of hygiene was reported in 85.1% of the participants. Wrong practice of wiping was stated by 13.4%, as they wipe from back to front. The most common symptom was urgency, which was indicated by 39.1% of the girl followed by lower abdominal and back pain, recurrent fever, incontinence, bad urine odour, cloudy urine, and dysuria. Conclusion: Urinary tract infection is a common problem in adolescent school girls which result in many complications and may lead to loss of school. Inadequate hydration, lack of clean toilet, poor personal hygiene, wrong believe of girls and their parents about school toilets, all predispose schoolgirls to urinary tract infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Schistosomiasis and soil transmitted infection is a major health problem of children from rural areas of developing countries including Yemen. In an attempt to reduce this burden, the Ministry of Public Health and Population in Yemen established in 2002 a programme for Schistosomal, soil transmitted infection control that aimed to reduce morbidity and prevalence rates of Schistosomiasis, and Soil transmitted helminthes to less than 5% by 2015. The study was conducted to assess the current prevalence and intensity of schistosomal infection among schoolchildren in rural areas of the Taiz governorate after 6 years of running National Control Programme. Methods: Grade 3 schoolchildren from Shara'b Al-Raona district of Taiz Governorate were examined for infections with Schistosoma mansoni using Modified Kato-Katz method and S. haematobium applying filtration method in 1998/1999, comparing the prevalence and intensity of infection with base line study, which was done 6 years ago. Results: The S. mansoni prevalence in the study population was 31%, while the prevalence of S. haematobium was 18.6%. This result considerably is similar to the prevalence of base line study. The intensity of mild, moderate and severe infection for S. mansoni reached to 15.9%, 60.6% & 23.5% respectively. The severity of S. haematobium infection was 68.4%. It was exceptionally found that the prevalence of S. haematobium is increased. Conclusion: The high prevalence of schistosomiasis and low effectiveness of control programme against schistosomal infection in the study area demands consideration of alternative treatment approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]