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The settlement of the Yucatan Peninsula during the 16th Century is analysed, along with a series of materials that contain latent borrowing voices between Spanish and Mayan (which are not only that, but a complete transplant of cultural content) and the peculiar characteristics of texts in which there are competencies of more idiolectal than dialectal use between Mayan and Spanish words or only that show an attitude of loyalty towards the language by the bilingual scribe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The relationship between Mexican ethnic groups and wildlife is known by its use for nutritional and medicinal purposes. Particularly, in the Maya culture ornamental and ceremonial uses have been attributed to the fauna. Similarly, different beliefs, stories and legends have been developed around it. The studies conducted to document these relationships in the state of Yucatan are scarce; therefore this work was raised to determine the uses and beliefs of the wildlife in the Maya town of Zavala. 174 semi-structured interviews were conducted among men and women of different ages. The significant species were then divided into seven categories of use: food, medicine, pets, ornamental, ceremonial, mythical, and ominous. 54 species related with the worldview of the residents were identified, and divided into three classes, 20 orders, 38 families, and 54 genera. The birds were the most represented with 30 species, followed by Mammalia class with 19, and Reptilia with 5. Mammals were the group with the highest general use index. With this work, it was concluded that the inhabitants of Zavala preserve in their daily activities the ancestral uses and knowledge of the wildlife. Likewise, the information collected contributes to the knowledge of ethnozoology in Yucatán. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we review, systematize and analyze the studies that have been done on rituals of hetzmek in Yucatán, as a starting point for subsequent ethnographic research on this topic. We are interested in examining how these rituals have been analyzed and interpreted. Our focus is on: a) the assumptions that have been made about the ritual's origin, b) the theoretical problems within which it has been studies, c) the functions and purposes scholars have assigned to it, and d) how they have interpreted it. We start by presenting a description based on its ideal form and common characteristics in order for the reader to understand what the ritual consists of. Finally, we discuss some methodological points and make recommendations for future analyses of this ritual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]