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Background: Echovirus 30 is prone to cause hand-foot-and-mouth disease in infants and children. However, molecular epidemiologic information on the spread of E30 in southwestern China remains limited. In this study, we determined and analyzed the whole genomic sequences of E30 strains isolated from the stools of patients with hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Yunnan Province, China, in 2019. Methods: E30 isolates were obtained from fecal samples of HFMD patients. The whole genomes were sequenced by segmented PCR and analyzed for phylogeny, mutation and recombination. MEGA and DNAStar were used to align the present isolates with the reference strains. The VP1 sequence of the isolates were analyzed for selection pressure using datamonkey server. Results: The complete genome sequences of four E30 were obtained from this virus isolation. Significant homologous recombination signals in the P2-3'UTR region were found in all four isolates with other serotypes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the four E30 isolates belonged to lineage H. Comparison of the VP1 sequences of these four isolates with other E30 reference strains using three selection pressure analysis models FUBAR, FEL, and MEME, revealed a positive selection site at 133rd position. Conclusions: This study extends the whole genome sequence of E30 in GenBank, in which mutations and recombinations have driven the evolution of E30 and further improved and enriched the genetic characteristics of E30, providing fundamental data for the prevention and control of diseases caused by E30. Furthermore, we demonstrated the value of continuous and extensive surveillance of enterovirus serotypes other than the major HFMD-causing viruses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common pediatric infectious illness caused by enteroviruses (EVs). EV‐A serotypes are the main pathogens associated with HFMD. In this study, 213 stool samples from 213 children with severe HFMD in Yunnan, China in 2013, 2015, and 2016 were further analyzed retrospectively for EV‐B infection. A total of 70.0% of the specimens tested positive for EV.20 EV serotypes were detected. The predominant serotype was enterovirus A71 (EV‐A71, 27.7%), followed by coxsackievirus B4 (CV‐B4, 16.4%), CV‐A16 (9.9%), CV‐B5 (6.6%), and Echovirus 9 (E‐9,4.7%). EV‐A and EV‐B accounted for 45.1% and 41.3%, respectively. Among the positive specimens, 28.6% were CV‐Bs. Co‐infection was present in 19.3% of these cases. In the study, CV‐B5 and the majority of CV‐B4 isolates belonged to genotypes VI and C3, respectively. This result indicates that EV‐B, especially CV‐Bs, might be the important agents associated with HFMD and this knowledge will contribute to the prevention and treatment of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]