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Carex malipoensis, a new species from southeast Yunnan, China, is here described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to C. trichophylla in sect. Euprepes, but differs from it by its longer inflorescences and peduncles, pendulous spikes, hispidulous female glumes, densely hispidulous utricles, and longer nutlets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-point source pollution from the Agri-sector (especially nitrogen (N)) due to the application of conventional urea with heavy rates not only depleted the water quality of Erhai Lake but also declined the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of different crops grown in the Erhai Lake Basin, Dali, Yunnan, China. It is imperative to mitigate the total nitrogen and its forms (nitrate (NO3−)-N and ammonium (NH4+)-N) loading to the surface and subsurface water flow through optimum fertilizer management for crop production in the region. To achieve this goal, a balanced crop nutrition system was practiced with different fertilizer types for rice-broad bean crop rotation system. The crop nutrition system consisted of No Fertilizers (CK), Conventional Fertilizer Practice (CF), Conventional urea as environmental Fertilizer (T1), Refined Organic Fertilizer applied solely (T2), Refined Organic Fertilizer applied with conventional urea (T3), Refined Organic Fertilizer applied in T2 was increased 4 times (T4), Refined Organic Fertilizer applied in T3 was increased 4 times but the same amount of conventional urea (T5), and Controlled Release Fertilizer (CRF) application (T6). The same rate of nitrogen (20% lower than CF) was applied in T1, T2, T3, and T6. All the former mentioned treatments were compared to CF with respect to different variables. In case of crop production, T6 gave maximum rice grain yield (9.9 t ha−1) and broad bean yield (5.1 t ha−1). Treatments T1 and T5 were at par for rice grain yield (7.8 t ha−1) and this quantity was not significantly lower than CF. Treatments T6, T5, and T1 were observed 29%, 47%, and 46%, respectively lower in TN loading to the surface and percolating water than the CF. Conventional urea and refined organic fertilizer combined with conventional urea at reduced nitrogen rates can be a reliable option for crop production in the Erhai Lake Basin with optimum yield under the rice-broad bean crop rotation system. CRF at reduced nitrogen rate can be a better option for higher yield and lower NO3–N, NH4+-N and total nitrogen losses to the surface runoff and leached water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A high-resolution tomographic model inferred from local and teleseismic arrival-time data under Yunnan, southwest China, shows that the 2011 Yingjiang earthquake (M 5.8) occurred around a low-velocity anomaly that extends down to the top of the mantle transition zone and is attributable to upwelling flow of the active Tengchong volcano. Fluids in the flow may mainly originate from the dehydration of the eastward subduction of the Indian plate in the mantle transition zone and have reached the fault zone. Our results suggest that the occurrence of the Yingjiang earthquake could be closely related to fluids that might enhance the stress concentration on the seismogenic layer, as well as decrease the effective normal stress across the fault planes of the Da Yingjiang fault. We conclude that the Yingjiang earthquake might be a volcano-related fluid-driven earthquake. The successive occurrence of small earthquakes (M > 4.0) and the Yingjiang aftershocks may imply recent magmatism at the Tengchong volcano. The 4 February 2011 Indo-Burma earthquake (M 6.4) occurred at -~90 km depth, suggesting that the Indian plate is still active and currently subducting eastward, which may explain why several moderate-large earthquakes, such as the 24 March 2011 Burma earthquake (M 7.2), have occurred recently in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese cabbage and surface soil samples (0-20 cm) from a periurban market garden in Yunnan Province (P.R. China) were collected to determine variations of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) contents in Chinese cabbage and the influence of soil factors. Mean Cd content was 0.49 mg kg-1 dry materials (DM) in Chinese cabbage, ranging between 0.23 and 1.34 mg kg-1 DM (n = 21 samples). Mean Zn content was 51.2 mg kg-1 DM, ranging from 34.9 to 157.5 mg kg-1 DM (n = 21 samples). The soil factors best predicting Chinese cabbage Cd and Zn contents were total and available Cd and Zn contents and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Soil samples and corresponding Chinese cabbage samples were divided into two groups: soils with low pH (<6.5, n = 10) and soils with high pH (>6.5, n = 11). Positive correlation between CEC with pH > 6.5 and Cd and Zn contents in Chinese cabbage were observed. Available trace element contents and CEC explained 77% and 69% of variation of Cd and Zn contents in Chinese cabbage, respectively. AEC (enrichment coefficient related to trace element availability) and BCF (bioaccumulation factors) could be used to understand Cd and Zn accumulation in Chinese cabbage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on a study on the source of ore-forming materials in the Laowangzhai gold deposit in Yunnan, China based on evidence from the lead isotopic composition of the deposits. Geological setting; Characteristics of lead isotopic composition; Conclusion.