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ObjectiveTo explore the effective prevention of wild mushroom poisoning， the years of life lost （YLLs） from wild mushroom poisoning in Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2021 was calculated .MethodsThe death data of wild mushroom poisoning in Yunnan Province were collated according to gender， age and year. The YLLs was calculated based on the World Health Organization excel calculation template， and the YLLs was compared among different age， gender and year groups. The indirect economic loss was estimated using human capital approach.ResultsThe YLLs due to wild mushroom poisoning was 2 760 person-years （5.70 person years per 100 000 population）. People aged from 30 to 59 years old were a risk group for wild mushroom poisoning with YLLs of 1 602 person-years. Children aged

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of family foodborne disease outbreaks in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2019, and provide a reference for formulating family foodborne disease prevention and control measures.MethodsThe data of foodborne disease outbreaks in families reported in the Yunnan Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System from 2015 to 2019 were statistically analyzed.ResultsFrom 2015 to 2019, Yunnan Province reported a total of 3 159 family foodborne illnesses, with 12 402 illnesses and 229 deaths with a case fatality rate of 1.85%(229/12 402). The number of foodborne disease outbreaks in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2019 was on the rise, with the largest number of incidents, cases and deaths occurring from June to August. From the analysis of pathogenic factors and causative food, wild mushroom caused the most incidents, cases and deaths, followed by aconite plants.ConclusionStrengthening the prevention and control of poisoning by wild fungi and aconitum plants, especially improving the public's awareness and ability are important measures to effectively prevent and control the occurrence of family foodborne diseases in Yunnan Province.

Summary: Drought is a deleterious abiotic stress factor that constrains crop growth and development. Post‐translational modification of proteins mediated by the ubiquitin–proteasome system is an effective strategy for directing plant responses to stress, but the regulatory mechanisms in wheat remain unclear. In this study, we showed that TaSDIR1‐4A is a positive modulator of the drought response. Overexpression of TaSDIR1‐4A increased the hypersensitivity of stomata, root length and endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) content under drought conditions. TaSDIR1‐4A encodes a C3H2C3‐type RING finger protein with E3 ligase activity. Amino acid mutation in its conserved domain led to loss of activity and altered the subcellular localization. The membrane‐bound transcription factor TaWRKY29 was identified by yeast two‐hybrid screening, and it was confirmed as interacting with TaSDIR1‐4A both in vivo and in vitro. TaSDIR1‐4A mediated the polyubiquitination and proteolysis of the C‐terminal amino acid of TaWRKY29, and its translocation from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. Activated TaWRKY29 bound to the TaABI5 promoter to stimulate its expression, thereby positively regulating the ABA signalling pathway and drought response. Our findings demonstrate the positive role of TaSDIR1‐4A in drought tolerance and provide new insights into the involvement of UPS in the wheat stress response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The corrosion behavior of 316 stainless steel (316 SS) in NaCl–KCl–FeCl3 molten salt and vapor was studied at 300°C for 150, 300, and 500 h in Ar. The weight change, the micromorphology, element distribution, and crystal structure of the 316 SS alloy were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. 316 SS alloys suffered from weight loss, significant visible corrosion shedding, and corrosion holes. The corrosion holes and corrosion shedding block of the 316 SS alloys become more and more serious with the increase in corrosion time. The corrosion depth of the corroded 316 SS alloys in NaCl–KCl–FeCl3 molten salt and vapor for 500 h can even reach up to 20.0 and 14.0 μm, respectively. 316 SS alloys in NaCl–KCl–FeCl3 molten salts underwent a more serious corrosion attack than that in the NaCl–KCl–FeCl3 vapor at 300°C due to the strong oxidizing compound FeCl3 in the molten salt. It not only offers a new insight into the corrosion behavior of 316 SS alloys in the chloride salts and corresponding vapor but also enriches the corrosion databases of the chloride salts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The corrosion behaviours of Ni-Mo-Cr alloy and 316 stainless steel samples after immersing in NaCl-KCl-AlCl3 salt at 400.0°C for 168 h were investigated. The surface of Ni-Mo-Cr alloy basically kept its pre-corrosion morphology, with only a few corrosion pits. While NaCl-KCl-AlCl3 salt had stronger corrosivity to 316SS. After corrosion, the grain boundary of the surface of 316SS alloy was clearly visible, and the Fe and Cr atoms on the surface of 316SS were selectively corroded, leaving a Ni- rich layer of about 6.5 µm on the outmost surface of 316SS. At the temperature of 400.0°C, the corrosion resistance of Ni-Mo-Cr alloy to molten NaCl-KCl-AlCl3 salt was better than that of 316SS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]