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Translation abstract A constitutive model for the determination of anchor bearing capacity based on distributed sensing in geotechnical engineeringFrom 2015 to 2017, as part of his work as head of research and development at Stump‐Franki Spezialtiefbau GmbH, the author devoted himself to the topic of pioneering measurement methods on the basis of Distributed Strain Sensing in geotechnics. One of the first developments was and is the monitoring of grouted bodies on strand grouted anchors. The new findings at that time were presented internationally at the DFI India, 2017 as well as nationally in construction technology, 2017 and locally at the 12th Hans Lorenz Symposium in Berlin, 2016. It was shown that the measurement results of the strain measurement using distributed strain sensing can be used to check over the following years whether the grouted anchors have been overloaded. The author already pointed out at the time that correct interpretation not only requires an understanding of the measuring process used, but also a certain wealth of experience in interpreting the measurement results in the direct context of geotechnics. As part of his work on the DIN standardization committee NA 005‐05‐17 AA Grouted anchors, accompanied by his practical experience, the author has dealt in depth with the question of what exactly is actually measured in the grout body using distributed strain sensing and what conclusions can be drawn about the load‐bearing capacity of grouted anchors on the basis of the measurement results. This article is intended to describe a constituent model on the basis of which further developments are possible for the interpretation of the measurement results with regard to their use as proof of economic efficiency and anchor load‐bearing capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of HMD: Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of HMD: Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The topic of language learners' engagement, which has enjoyed immense popularity in recent years, emerged more than 20 years ago from the explorations of individual and social variables in task performance. In the domain of second/foreign language acquisition, what has attracted much attention is the relationship between engagement and other approximate concepts, such as motivation, interest, or investment, but little is known about the connection between self‐regulation and engagement. Hence, the present study was undertaken to explore the connection between L2 learners' engagement and their self‐regulated strategy use. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with two students, labeled by their teachers as highly engaged, and another two, described as disengaged. The results suggest that the two frameworks are interconnected but not fully analogous, with the main difference lying in the conceptualization of the role motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Publizistik: Vierteljahreshefte für Kommunikationsforschung is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Measures against overcrowding have been developed and analyzed mainly in the context of urban destinations. For rural areas near metropolitan areas, which have been strongly affected by overcrowding by day trip tourists since the two Covid-summers of 2020/21 on many weekends, there is hardly any research available on this topic. In the context of a case study for Tölzer Land, 129 strategies and measures developed for urban areas and protected areas were compiled from the literature and their applicability in rural areas was examined. A comparison with the measures already implemented and planned in the destination showed that the concepts can be mostly transferred to rural areas where they are also suitable to counteract the negative effects of overcrowding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Pädagogik is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of HMD: Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Long‐term crack monitoring of prestressed concrete structures by means of distributed fiber‐optic strain sensing In the ceiling area of a connecting subway tunnel in Munich, Germany, fiber‐optic sensor cables were installed for continuous long‐term crack monitoring. According to the measurement concept, continuous monitoring of the total deformations as well as several reference date measurements are planned with regard to the actual crack monitoring of the prestressed concrete construction. The aim of the measurements is the fiber‐optic crack monitoring of a pre‐damaged prestressed concrete structure from the 1970s, which was refurbished in the course of the fiber‐optic installation. The structure is exposed to high traffic loads from road traffic as well as temperature impact. The prestressed concrete structure is a single span slab construction with straight and parabolic tendons. The original ceiling had an increased potential for damage on the underside of the slab (crack pattern) as well as severe damages associated with the existing prestressing steel structure. During the renovation of the prestressed concrete slab, shotcrete with supplementary reinforcement was applied to achieve an announcement behavior in case of tendon failure. The following paper reports on the first results of crack monitoring based on continuous fiber optic measurements along the embedded fiber‐optic sensing cables. The measurements are based on the technology of distributed Brillouin sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of HMD: Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Small‐diameter tunneling in hard rock is increasingly widespread due to the need for new and longer utility tunnels comprising sewer, stormwater, freshwater, or hydropower as well as cable tunnels and casings for pipelines transporting gas or hydrogen. Utility tunnels have to deal with a wide range of geological settings, like small overburden, weathered rock, rock–soil transitions, as well as fractured or intact hard rock with high strength and abrasivity. A database has been created including 35 hard rock projects with diameters between 1 and 5 m as well as more than 70,000 m of tunnel alignments, with a median drive length of less than 500 m. Challenges in creating it and some early interpretations based on the contents of the database are presented. Details about an exemplary pipe jacking project in basement rocks in Brittany, France, are given. The large variety in this small‐diameter range in hard rock includes different TBM types, cutterhead designs, cutter types, and geotechnical conditions. Potential pitfalls in small‐diameter TBM data analysis are shown and general drive parameter trends and penetration prediction approaches are presented and set in relation to the geotechnical conditions. Our analysis shows that difficult ground conditions do not only incorporate rocks with very high strength, but also generally weak rocks like schist or limestone could be responsible for low penetration rates and high thrust forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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För lärare är texter och skriftpraktiker centrala inslag i den dagliga yrkesutövningen. Syftet med den här studien är att bättre förstå läraryrket och dess förutsättningar med fokus på textanvändning, och studien söker svar på hur några lärare i skolans senare år (7–9 och gymnasiet) beskriver, uppfattar och förhåller sig till läsande och skrivande inom yrket samt hur de beskriver skriftpraktiksanknutna utmaningar och resurser. Materialet för studien består av ljudinspelade fokusgruppsamtal. Studien finner att lärarnas samtal präglas av allmängiltiga resonemang om texter och textanvändning genom att lärarna fokuserar på aspekter som är relevanta för i princip alla skrivsituationer, till exempel tydlighet och textlängd. Vidare framträder bilden av att 7–9-lärarna har ett mer kollektivt orienterat förhållningssätt gentemot yrkets skriftpraktiker än vad gymnasielärarna har. Ifråga om skriftpraktiksanknutna utmaningar ser lärarna framför allt utmaningar i skrivandet av texter som de menar har indirekt undervisningsanknytning, och särskilt beskriver de utmaningar med att formulera sig på sätt så att mottagare inte blir upprörda. Av samtalen framgår också att de resurser som lärarna ser sig ha för att utveckla kompetens att hantera skriftpraktiksanknutna utmaningar utgörs av informella strukturer, vilket är anmärkningsvärt med tanke på att de aktuella skriftpraktikerna är centrala i deras yrkesutövning.

Copyright of Unternehmung: Swiss Journal of Business Research & Practice is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of HMD: Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ziel des Beitrages ist, das Konzept und erste Erkenntnisse eines entwicklungsorientierten Forschungsprojektes zur Begleitung von Modellschulen auf ihrem Weg hin zu digital souverän agierenden Schulen zu präsentieren. In der Betrachtung von zwei ausgewählten Problem- und Handlungsfeldern wird empirisch fundiert beschrieben, mit welchen Herausforderungen digital weniger fortgeschrittene Schulen im Kontext aktueller Digitalisierungsdiskurse unter Pandemiebedingungen konfrontiert sind und wie die Gestaltung von Schulentwicklungsprozessen in der konkreten schulischen Praxis unterstützt werden kann. Das erste Problemfeld widmet sich der Frage, wie ausgehend von einem technisch vorhandenen Tablet-Klassensatz Lehrpersonen für mobiles Lernen zur Sprachförderung sensibilisiert werden können. Das zweite Problemfeld skizziert Herausforderungen und Ansätze zur Etablierung digitaler Lernplattformen an einer integrierten Gesamtschule. Die Projekterfahrungen dokumentieren Möglichkeiten zur Erschliessung neuer Handlungsspielräume und schulpraktische Bedingungen, die als einschränkend erlebt werden. Begrenzte Handlungsmöglichkeiten der Schulen wurden insbesondere bei Prozessen der Datenverarbeitung sowie Fragen des Datenschutzes sichtbar.

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Während der laufenden SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie hat die Forschung gezeigt, dass sozio-ökonomische Ungleichheiten eine entscheidende Rolle beim Verständnis der Ausbreitung des Virus spielen. Menschen mit einem niedrigeren sozio-ökonomischen Status haben eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit, sich mit COVID-19 zu infizieren und an dem Virus zu sterben. Da sozio-ökonomische Ungleichheiten eine starke räumliche Dimension haben, z. B. aufgrund zunehmender Ungleichheiten innerhalb von Städten, könnte dieses Wissen zur Erklärung und zur Vorhersage der geographischen Ausbreitung des Virus beitragen. Empirische Belege auf feiner geographischer Ebene innerhalb von Städten sind jedoch äußerst rar. Wir adressieren diese Forschungslücke und untersuchen die Beziehung zwischen SARS-CoV-2-Fällen pro 100.000 Einwohner und dem sozio-ökonomischen Status auf der Grundlage detaillierter Daten auf Stadtbezirksebene in Duisburg, Deutschland, welche vom Gesundheitsamt der Stadt Duisburg zur Verfügung gestellt wurden, sowie Daten des KECK-Atlasses. Unsere Regressionsergebnisse deuten stark auf einen negativen Zusammenhang zwischen sozio-ökonomischem Status und Morbiditätsraten für die zweite Welle der aktuellen Pandemie in Duisburg hin. Unsere Ergebnisse verbessern das Verständnis der geographischen Ausbreitung von SARS-CoV-2 in Städten und liefern politischen Entscheidungsträgern detaillierte Informationen darüber, wie geographisch sensible Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung der Pandemie konzipiert werden können, um sozio-ökonomisch benachteiligte Menschen in unserer Gesellschaft besser zu schützen. During the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, research has shown that socio-economic inequalities play a crucial role to understand the spread of the virus. Precisely, people are more likely to get infected with COVID-19 and to die of the virus if they have a lower socio-economic status. As socio-economic inequalities have a strong spatial dimension, for example, due to rising inequalities within cities, this knowledge might help to explain and predict the geographic spread of the virus. However, empirical evidence at fine-grained geographic levels within cities is extremely scarce. We address this research gap and examine the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 cases per 100.000 inhabitants and the socio-economic status based on detailed data at the city-district level in Duisburg, Germany provided by the public health department of Duisburg as well as data by the KECK-Atlas. Our regression results strongly suggest a negative relationship between socio-economic status and morbidity rates for the second wave of the current pandemic in Duisburg. Our results improve our understanding of the geographic spread of the virus within cities and thus provides policy makers with detailed information on how to design geographically sensitive policies to fight the virus in future waves and to better secure the most vulnerable people in our society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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