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2. Influence of scalar field parameter on the stability of lower-dimensional thin-shell wormholes.

Author

Fatima, G., Javed, F., Mustafa, G., and Tchier, Fairouz

Subjects
*SCALAR field theory, *WORMHOLES (Physics), *EQUATIONS of state, *BLACK holes, *PHYSICS research
Abstract

This paper focuses on the examination of stable and unstable geometrical structures of thin-shell wormholes constructed from Henneaux–Martinez–Troncoso–Zanelli black holes through the Visser cut-and-paste approach. We use the Israel thin-shell formalism for evaluating the stress–energy tensor components of the matter distribution near the wormhole throat. Equations of state, specifically the phantom-like and generalized Chaplygin gas model for exotic matter, are used to conduct an extensive investigation into the stability of the thin-shell. The radial perturbation around the equilibrium throat radius is also considered to explore the stable configuration for specific values of physical parameters. Our results show that the stable zones of these thin-shell wormholes increase as the scalar field parameter ℰ approaches −1. This study gives light on the behavior and dynamics of these wormholes throw light on their potential stability and lead the way for additional theoretical physics research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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6. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome From Transfusion Transmitted Babesiosis in a Trauma Patient With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Author

Rahman, O., primary, Aftab, S., additional, Carroll, J., additional, Duncheon, E., additional, Collier, W., additional, Chaudhry, A., additional, Hayat, J., additional, Awale, A., additional, Javed, F., additional, Sharif, A., additional, Rizvi, Y., additional, Ghadvaje, G., additional, Aamer, H., additional, Pervaiz, S., additional, Stoldt, J., additional, Ibad, M., additional, and Iqbal, M., additional

Published
2024
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10. Frequency, distribution and determinants of Helicobacter pylori infection in adults and adolescents with gastric symptoms: cross-sectional epidemiological inquiry in district Haripur, Pakistan

Author

Awan, U. A., primary, Khattak, A. A., additional, Haq, M., additional, Saadia, Z., additional, Marwat, M., additional, Khalid, S., additional, Kamran, S., additional, Haseeb, A., additional, Ahmed, B., additional, Irfani, M. A., additional, Nadeem, M. F., additional, and Javed, F., additional

Published
2024
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18. Dynamic relationship between Stock and Bond returns : A GAS MIDAS copula approach

Author

Nguyen, Hoang, Javed, F., Nguyen, Hoang, and Javed, F.

Abstract

Stock and bond are the two most crucial assets for portfolio allocation and risk management. This study proposes generalized autoregressive score mixed frequency data sampling (GAS MIDAS) copula models to analyze the dynamic dependence between stock returns and bond returns. A GAS MIDAS copula decomposes their relationship into a short-term dependence and a long-term dependence. While the long-term dependence is driven by related macro-finance factors using a MIDAS regression, the short-term effect follows a GAS process. Asymmetric dependence at different quantiles is also taken into account. We find that the proposed GAS MIDAS copula models are more effective in optimal portfolio allocation and improve the accuracy in risk management compared to other alternatives.

Published
2023
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19. Using machine learning to select variables in data envelopment analysis : Simulations and application using electricity distribution data

Author

Duras, Toni, Javed, F., Månsson, Kristofer, Sjölander, Pär, Söderberg, M., Duras, Toni, Javed, F., Månsson, Kristofer, Sjölander, Pär, and Söderberg, M.

Abstract

Agencies that regulate electricity providers often apply nonparametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) to assess the relative efficiency of each firm. The reliability and validity of DEA are contingent upon selecting relevant input variables. In the era of big (wide) data, the assumptions of traditional variable selection techniques are often violated due to challenges related to high-dimensional data and their standard empirical properties. Currently, regulators have access to a large number of potential input variables. Therefore, our aim is to introduce new machine learning methods for regulators of the energy market. We also propose a new two-step analytical approach where, in the first step, the machine learning-based adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (ALASSO) is used to select variables and, in the second step, selected variables are used in a DEA model. In contrast to previous research, we find, by using a more realistic data-generating process common for production functions (i.e., Cobb–Douglas and Translog), that the performance of different machine learning techniques differs substantially in different empirically relevant situations. Simulations also reveal that the ALASSO is superior to other machine learning and regression-based methods when the collinearity is low or moderate. However, in situations of multicollinearity, the LASSO approach exhibits the best performance. We also use real data from the Swedish electricity distribution market to illustrate the empirical relevance of selecting the most appropriate variable selection method.

Published
2023
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23. The kinematic modeling at the front, and center of the Sulaiman fold-and-thrust belt from Sentinel-1A interferometry

Author

Javed, M., Barbot, S., Javed, F., and Braitenberg, C.

Abstract

Continental collision at the western boundary of the Indian continent formed the tectonically complex transpressional zones of the Sulaiman Fold and Thrust (SFT) belt. Seismic hazard in the SFT is considered very high due to strong transpressional movement and documented active seismicity. Here, we study SAR time series of Sentinel-1A through LicSBAS to estimate the coseismic crustal deformation along with the inter-seismic, and post-seismic movement caused by the 2021 M 5.9 Harnai earthquake in the central SFT belt. The line-of-sight (LOS) displacement amounts to ~55 and ~65 mm for ascending and descending interferograms respectively, due to thrust-dominated slip over the NW-SE trending fault. We invert the LOS displacement through the Bayesian inversion approach. The inverted InSAR measurements fit well with USGS and ISC model parameters. A simplified fault model shows a dip of 22°, strike of 282°, length of 10 km, and width of 11 km. We perform kinematic inversions to determine the slip on complex fault geometries such as double fault-bend fold (décollement-ramp-décollement) and fault-propagation fold (décollement-ramp) systems. We find post-seismic movement on the fault, however, at this stage, we are not conclusive to interpret the signal as after-slip or viscoelastic relaxation. The double fault-bend structures are commonly observed in the frontal and central SFT zone. Previous work on the frontal zone of SFT indicates the presence of décollement that branches into a shallow ramp (Javed et al. 2022, GRL) matching geological and seismic observations in the SFT belt.&nbsp, The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)

Published
2023
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26. Influence of mechanical debridement with adjunct probiotic therapy on clinical status and salivary cortisol levels in patients with periodontal inflammation.

Author

ALHAMOUDI, N., ABDULJABBAR, T., VOHRA, F., and JAVED, F.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The null hypothesis is that there is no difference in periodontal parameters and salivary cortisol levels (CL) among patients with periodontal inflammatory conditions (PIC) who receive non-surgical mechanical debridement (NSMD) with or without adjunct probiotic therapy (PT). The aim of this study was to assess the influence of NSMD with and without adjunct PT on clinical status and whole salivary CL in patients with PIC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Participants were randomly divided into four groups: Group-1: NSMD alone (n=19); Group-2: NSMD + PT (n=18); Group-3: PT + oral hygiene instructions (OHI) (n=17); and Group-4: PT alone (n=18). Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1 (2×107 colony-forming units/day) was used for PT. Plaque and gingival indices (PI and GI), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (AL) were assessed, and whole salivary CL was assessed at baseline and at 6-week follow-up. Marginal bone levels were assessed at baseline and demographic data was collected using a questionnaire. Sample-size estimation was performed, and statistical significance was determined at p<0.05. RESULTS: At follow-up, PI (p<0.01), GI (p<0.01), and PD (p<0.01) were significantly higher in PT + OHI and PT alone groups compared with individuals who underwent NSMD + PT and NSMD alone. At baseline and follow-up, there was no significant difference in CL in all groups. There was no statistically significant correlation between age, gender, PI, PD, GI, clinical AL, salivary flow rate, education status and salivary CL in all groups at baseline and follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: NSMD continues to be the "gold standard" and most reliable treatment strategy for managing PIC. It is imperative to reach a consensus regarding the duration, dosage, and frequency of PT that would yield optimal results for managing PIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

32. Empirical Evidence on Enhanced Mutation Rates of 19 RM-YSTRs for Differentiating Paternal Lineages.

Author

Javed, F, Shafique, M, McNevin, D, Javed, MU, Shehzadi, A, Shahid, AA, Javed, F, Shafique, M, McNevin, D, Javed, MU, Shehzadi, A, and Shahid, AA

Abstract

Rapidly mutating Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (RM Y STRs) with mutation rates ≥ 10-2 per locus per generation are valuable for differentiating amongst male paternal relatives where standard Y STRs with mutation rates of ≤10-3 per locus per generation may not. Although the 13 RM Y STRs commonly found in commercial assays provide higher levels of paternal lineage differentiation than conventional Y STRs, there are many male paternal relatives that still cannot be differentiated. This can be improved by increasing the number of Y STRs or choosing those with high mutation rates. We present a RM Y STR multiplex comprising 19 loci with high mutation rates and its developmental validation (repeatability, sensitivity and male specificity). The multiplex was found to be robust, reproducible, specific and sensitive enough to generate DNA profiles from samples with inhibitors. It was also able to detect all contributor alleles of mixtures in ratios up to 9:1. We provide preliminary evidence for the ability of the multiplex to discriminate between male paternal relatives by analyzing large numbers of male relative pairs (536) separated by one to seven meioses. A total of 96 mutations were observed in 162 meioses of father-son pairs, and other closely related male pairs were able to be differentiated after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 meiosis in 44%, 69%, 68%, 85%, 0%, 100% and 100% of cases, respectively. The multiplex offers a noticeable enhancement in the ability to differentiate paternally related males compared with the 13 RM Y STR set. We envision the future application of our 19 RM Yplex in criminal cases for the exclusion of male relatives possessing matching standard Y STR profiles and in familial searching with unknown suspects. It represents a step towards the complete individualization of closely related males.

Published
2022

41. Population genetic portrait of Pakistani Lahore-Christians based on 32 STR loci

Author

Rubab A, Shafique M, Javed F, Saleem S, Zahra FT, McNevin D, and Shahid AA

Subjects
humanities
Abstract

Phylogenetic relationship and the population structure of 500 individuals from the Christian community of Lahore, Pakistan, were examined based on 15 autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) using the AmpFℓSTR Identifiler Plus PCR Amplification Kit and our previously published Y-filer kit data (17 Y-STRs) of same samples. A total of 147 alleles were observed in 15 loci and allele 11 at the TPOX locus was the most frequent with frequency value (0.464). The data revealed that the Christian population has unique genetic characteristics with respect to a few unusual alleles and their frequencies relative to the other Pakistani population. Significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were found at two loci (D13S317, D18S51) after Boneferroni's correction (p ≤ 0.003). The combined power of discrimination, combined power of exclusion and cumulative probability of matching were 0.999999999999999978430815060354, 0.999995039393942 and 2.15692 × 10-17, respectively. On the bases of genetic distances, PCA, phylogenetic and structure analysis Lahore-Christians appeared genetically more associated to south Asian particularly Indian populations like Tamil, Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh than rest of global populations.

Published
2020

43. Peripheral Oxidative Stress Markers Are Related To Vascular Risk Factors And Subcortical Small Vessel Disease

Author

Warrick, N., Seitz, D., Prorok, J., Shawcross, D., Mahootchi, T., Esensoy, A., Yu, D., Danieli, E., Pushpakumar, D., Tony, J., Jacob, K., Dong, J., Javed, F., D’Souza, A., Mollayeva, T., Colantonio, A., Schulz, M., Burhan, A., Naidu, A. Srinivasan, Sarquis-Adamson, Y., Montero-Odasso, M., Cooper, N., Sekhon, H., Launay, C., Allali, G., Chabot, J., Beauchet, O., Watson, B., Lin, T., Korczak, A., Bartha, C., Best, S., Truemner, J., Borrie, M., Cammer, A., Whiting, S., Morgan, D., Newman, K., Duong, J. A., Mok, A., Wang, A. H., Lavoie, M., Bier, N., Macoir, J., Adlimoghaddam, A., Turner, R. S., Cadonic, C., Albensi, B. C., Davis, J., Lewis, V.-L., Pacione, J., Skanes, C., Feltz, N., Loncar, A., Naglie, G., Sanford, S., Stasiulis, E., Rapoport, M., Vrkljan, B., Tuokko, H., Porter, M., Polgar, J., Moorhouse, P., Mazer, B., Marshall, S., Gelinas, I, Crizzle, A, Belchior, P., Bedard, M, Kokorelias, K., Cameron, J., Gignac, M., Bechard, L., Beaton, D., McGilton, K.A., Tartaglia, M. C., Black, S., Mirza, S., Mutsaerts, H.-J., Cash, D., Bocchetta, M., Thomas, D., Dick, K., van Swieten, J., Borroni, B., Galimberti, D., Rowe, J., Bethell, J., Pringle, D., Commisso, E., Chambers, L., Cohen, C., Cowan, K., Fehr, P., Szeto, P., McGilton, K., Shaw, C., Okamura, H., Otani, M., Shimoyama, N., Fujii, T., Lusk, J., Punzalan, M., Dove, E., Cotnam, K., Astell, A., Chow, A. Froehlich, Bayly, M., Kosteniuk, J., Elliot, V., O’Connell, M. E., Kirk, A., Stewart, N., Holroyd-Leduc, J., Daku, J., Kennett-Russill, D., Hack, T., Dilara, A., Astell, A. J., Hernandez, A., Divine, A., Hunter, S., Jacova, C., Alexander, C., Joseph, J. T., Alvarez, A., Smith, E., Woo, S. M. S., Chan, P., Wilkins-Ho, M., Blackburn, P., Fernando, N., Mehra, A., Vasser, E., Musacchio, M., Waxman, R., Fischler, I., Ghaffar, O., DeBay, D. R., Macdonald, I. R., Reid, G. A., Pottie, I. R., Maxwell, S. P., Cash, M. K., Martin, E., Bowen, C. V., Darvesh, S., MacPhee, J., Jorgensen, M., Fogarty, J., Phillips, N., Diprospero, C., Parent, A., Whitehead, V., Campbell, T., Mohades, Z., Chertkow, H., Wong, S., Wilchesky, M., McCusker, J., Champoux, N., Vu, T.T. M., Ciampi, A., Monette, J., Lungu, O., Ballard, S. A., Belzile, E., Carmichael, P.-H., Voyer, P., Cetin-Sahin, D., Gore, B., Peretti, M., Gore, G., Landry, V., Yetman, L., MacDonald, E., McGibbon, C., MacNeil, D., Jarrett, P., Iaboni, A., Andrews, J., Hafezi, S., Marshall, C., Tsokas, M., Martin, L. Schindel, Van Ooteghem, K., Mansfield, A., Marcil, M., Gold, D., Musselman, K., Flint, A., Finger, E., Feldman, H., Cummings, J., Coleman, K., Boxer, A., Berry, S., Hsiung, R., Curtis, A., Zhang, K., Davidson, H. R., Boccone, G., Camicioli, R., Masellis, M., Tierney, M., Dolatabadi, E., Taati, B., Jonas-Simpson, C., Donovan, L., Cross, N., Keren, R., Shan, R., Holley, J., Waisman, Z., Katchaluba, J., Wimhurst, C., Steele, M., Loganathan, P., Gural, P., Shearer, T., Reardon, J., Pilgrim, J., Pitawanakwat, K., Jones, L., Piriano, E., Blind, M., Otowadjiwan, J., Makela, R., Spicer, B., Bretzlaff, M., Jacklin, K., McKay, Kristy, Graham, N., Tang-Wai, D., Leonard, C., Mitchell, S., Laird, L., Rochon, E., Maclagan, L., Maxwell, C., Guan, J., Campitelli, M., Herrmann, N., Lapane, K., Hogan, D., Amuah, J., Gill, S., Bronskill, S., Ebert, P., Kwok, J., Watt, A., Garrett, S., Hoefling, L., Ellery, C., Leggieri, M., Fornazzari, L., Thaut, M., Munoz, D., Barfett, J., Fischer, C., Schweizer, T., Yogaparan, T., Dallaire-Théroux, C., Potvin, O., Dieumegarde, L., Duchesne, Simon, Amini, A.E. Ebrahim, Amini, A.Z. Ebrahim, Dao, E., Barha, C. K., Best, J. R., Hsiung, G.-Y. R., Tam, R., Liu-Ambrose, T., Sztramko, R., Wurster, A., Papaiouannou, A., Cowan, D., St. Onge, J., Allaby, C., Harrison, L., Cimino, C., Marr, S., Patterson, C., Woo, T., Levinson, A., Fisher, S., Mojaverian, N., Hsu, A., Taljaard, M., Manuel, D., Tanuseputro, P., Park, E., Liu, L., VanderPloeg, K., Black, A., Bartha, R., Rabin, J., Yang, H.-S., Schultz, A., Hanseeuw, B., Marshall, G., Hedden, T., Rentz, D., Johnson, K., Sperling, R., Chhatwal, J., Desmarais, P., Miville, C., Keith, J., Lanctôt, K., Thomas, N., Mattek, N., Riley, T., Witter, P., Reynolds, C., Austin, J., Sharma, N., Kaye, J., Bechard, L. E., Mitchell, C. M., Regan, K., Bergelt, M. D., Middleton, L.E., Hewston, P., Kennedy, C., Merom, D., Trainor, L., Grenier, A., Ioannidis, G., Lee, J., Papaioannou, A., Qian, W., Churchill, N., Kumar, S., Rajji, T., Ojeda-López, C., Milán-Tomás, Á., Lam, B., Gao, F. Q., Cumberbatch, S., Gies, S., Tomas, A. Milan, Ojeda-Lopez, C., Lim, A. S., Black, S. E., Sharma, M. J., Ramirez, J., Holmes, M. F., Gao, F., Varatharajah, B., Yhap, V., Appel, L., Bogler, O., Appel, E., Wiseman, M., Cohen, L., Hill, D., Abrams, H., Campos, J., Sapkota, S., Adamo, S., Stuss, D. T., Martinez, M., Multani, N., Anor, C. J., Fox, S., Lang, A. E., Marras, C., Compagnone, J., Li, J., Freedman, M., Kleiner-Fisman, G., Kennedy, J., Chen, R., Lang, A., Sévigny-Dupont, P., Bocti, C., Joannette, M., Lavallée, M. M., Joubert, S., Knoefel, F., Goubran, R., Baker, A., Fraser, S., Allard, B., Wallace, B., Stroulia, E., Guana, V., Masson, P., Alli, S., Kolla, N., De Luca, V., Bouvier, L., Monetta, L., Vitali, P., Laforce, R., Martel-Sauvageau, V., Talebzadeh, A., Ashourinia, K., Moy, S., Lake, A., Cockburn, A., Krisman, D., Sadasivan, B., Sit, W., Stoops, S., McCurbin, S., Cullen, S., Carroll, S., Tasmim, S., Kapoor, E., Callahan, B., Sharma, M., Bierstone, D., Stuss, D., Kapadia, M., Mian, F., Ma, D., Rosa, E., Michalski, B., Zovkic, I., Forsythe, P., Sakic, B., Fahnestock, M., Baxter, J., Peloso, S., Tung, J., Cox, L., Benjamin, S., An, H., Ho, J., Turcotte, V., Parent, C., Gauthier-Beaupré, A., Biss, R., Sultana, A., Chu, C. H., Sun, W., Bartfay, E., Smye, V., Newton, D., Pepin, M., Biswas, S., Madahey, H., Crawford, S. J., Gutmanis, I., Blake, C., Duchesne, S., Hudon, C., Mah, L., Ali, A., Shorey, C., Szabuniewicz, C. M., Anderson, N. D., Verhoeff, N. P. L. G., Cheers, S., Penko, M., Gevaert, V., Yang, Y., Law, J., Modarresi, S., Grahn, J., Overend, T., Amini, D., Thiruparanathan, T., Cheung, T., Iskandar, S., Arone, Y., Young, C., Berezuk, C., and Zakzanis, K.

Subjects
Abstracts
Published
2018

48. Efficacy of adjunct subgingival minocycline delivery for treatment of peri-implantitis in moderate cigarette smokers.

Author

ALHUMAIDAN, A. A., ALRABIAH, M., AL-AALI, K. A., JAVED, F., VOHRA, F., and ABDULJABBAR, T.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Localized subgingival minocycline hydrochloride (MH) delivery as an adjuvant to with non-surgical mechanical debridement (NSMD) is useful for the treatment of periodontitis; however, there are no trials that have assessed the efficacy of subgingival MH delivery with NSMD for the treatment of peri-implantitis in cigarette-smokers and non-smokers. This randomized controlled trial assessed the efficacy of subgingival MH delivery with NSMD for the treatment of peri-implantitis in cigarette-smokers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Self-reported current cigarette-smokers and non-smokers with peri-implantitis were encompassed. These individuals were subdivided into 2-subgroups. Patients in test- and control groups received NSMD with and without a single delivery of subgingival MH. Modified-gingival-index (mGI), modified-plaque-index (mPI), probing-depth (PD) and crestal-bone-loss (CBL) were measured at baseline and at 6-months' follow-up. Demographic-data was also collected. Level of significance was set at p<0.01. RESULTS: Twenty-four cigarette-smokers and 24 non-smokers with peri-implantitis were included. There was a significant reduction in mPI (p<0.01), mGI (p<0.01), PD (p<0.01) at 6-months among patients with and without type-2 DM in test- and control-groups. There was no significant difference in peri-implant mPI, PD and mGI, patients with and without type-2 diabetes in testand control-groups at 6-months of follow-up. There was no significant difference in CBL in all patients at 6-months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: A single application of subgingival MH delivery is as effective as NSMD alone for the treatment of peri-implantitis in cigarette-smokers and non-smokers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

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