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Copyright of Arhivski Vjesnik is the property of Hrvatski Drzavni Arhiv (Croatian State Archives) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Orthoptera are prime indicators of changes in habitats and habitat networks. Sand grasslands, one of the most important orthopteran habitats, have become refuges for specialized, endangered species in much of Europe. Grassland patches of different sizes and levels of fragmentation within the Günyűi-homokvidék Natura 2000 site (HUFH20009) were restored in 2012. Here, we investigated the effects of changes to extended, opened, and less isolated sand grassland patches of the habitat network on rehabilitation of Orthoptera assemblages. Our main results showed: (1) species richness and relative frequency of sand habitat specialists were mainly driven by the proportion of bare soil surface (low vegetation cover), local extent of sand grassland patches, and fine fraction of the soil structure; (2) restoration of sand grasslands promotes the protection of several orthopteran species considered Vulnerable or Endangered in Europe; and (3) minimizing disturbance of the soil (no stump removal or soil tillage) during restoration is crucial for the enhancement of orthopteran populations related to sand grasslands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports that in Hungary, archivists have been trained at the ELTE University Faculty of Humanities in Budapest since 1949. Topics include considered that the first students graduated in 1950 as the content and duration of the training has changed continuously since the 1960, the training was completed in six semesters, and the main subjects taught were historical auxiliary sciences.

An energy-efficient estimation of an aggregate function can significantly optimize a global event detection or monitoring in wireless sensor networks. This is probably the main reason why an optimization of the complementary consensus algorithms is one of the key challenges of the lifetime extension of the wireless sensor networks on which the attention of many scientists is paid. In this paper, we introduce an optimized weight model for the average consensus algorithm. It is called the Biphasically configured Metropolis-Hasting weight model and is based on a modification of the Metropolis-Hasting weight model by rephrasing the initial configuration into two parts. The first one is the default configuration of the Metropolis-Hasting weight model, while, the other one is based on a recalculation of the weights allocated to the adjacent nodes' incoming values at the cost of decreasing the value of the weights of the inner states. The whole initial configuration is executed in a fully-distributed manner. In the experimental section, it is proven that our optimized weight model significantly optimizes the Metropolis-Hasting weight model in several aspects and achieves better results compared with other concurrent weight models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a novel distributed classifier of the convergence, which allows to detect the convergence/ the divergence of a distributed converging algorithm. Since this classifier is supposed to be primarily applied in wireless sensor networks, its proposal makes provision for the character of these networks. The classifier is based on the mechanism of comparison of the forward finite differences from two consequent iterations. The convergence/ the divergence is classifiable only in terms of the changes of the inner states of a particular node and therefore, no message redundancy is required for its proper functionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The European ground squirrel is a vulnerable species in Europe, and a critically endangered species in the north-western part of its range. In Hungary, although there are several robust populations on a European scale, we are also witnessing a process of decline. Local individual numbers of the focal species decreased quickly until 2011, caused by the drastic reduction in the grazing and mowing of its habitat. In response to the decline of the focal species’ population, a habitat restoration project was started in 2012 in order to stop and reverse this process. We studied the interventions for habitat restoration (elimination of scrubs and Elaeagnus angustifolia trees, grazing and mechanical mowing) between 2012 and 2015. In the monitoring program the number of European ground squirrel specimens was estimated by the quadrat-method and a small-scale transect survey. Potentially the most effective parameters of vegetation, soil and macroclimate were used as predictor variables. The results of our monitoring study showed that the most significant factors in the differences in the individual numbers were the height of the vegetation, and the depth and percentage of the sand and silt fractions of the soil. The density of Spermophilus citellus was positively affected by the cover of xeric grasses and therophyta plant species, soil depth, the percentage of sand and silt fractions of the soil, and was negatively affected by height of vegetation, cover of scrub, tall-herb plant species, and the percentage of the gravel fraction of the soil. Accordingly, the soil conditions of the target areas should be assessed in advance in order to achieve success in supplying the European ground squirrel population. This could help in the successful planning of interventions and relocation attempts in order to repatriate European ground squirrel populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Isophya costata, protected under EC, post-glacial endemic relict in the Carpathian Basin, is an important indicator species of dicot-rich hayfields and steppe grasslands. Significant changes in yearly population sizes of I. costata were observed in its areamargin. Based on this, population dynamics and habitats of I. costata have been monitored between 2007 and 2014. Our results showed that annual population sizes were heavily affected by macroclimatic factors in March - monthly precipitations below 25 mm or above 55 mm had been found as a negative impact on yearly densities of the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]