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Abstract In the context of automated driving, the connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) technology unlock the energy saving potential. This paper develops an LSTM‐based deep learning framework for eco‐driving adaptive identification on Intelligent vehicle multivariate time series data. The framework can be adapted for Driver Assistance Systems (DAS) to reduce fuel consumption. Specifically, considering overtaking on rural road is a critical maneuver for operation and has potential to reduce consumption, a simulated driving experiment with 30 participants was conducted to collect the multivariate time series data of the overtaking operation behaviors in conditional automation driving. Driving behaviors were classified into eco‐driving operation behaviors and high fuel consumption operation behaviors based on fuel consumption calculated by using vehicle specific power (VSP). Significance analysis based on linear regression was adopted to identify operation behaviors, and an eco‐driving behavior identification model was established with the use of long short‐term memory (LSTM) for multivariate classification theory. Meanwhile, the other four classification algorithms were used to establish identification models for comparison. The results indicated that the gear position, lane position, the acceleration pedal depth, the clutch pedal depth, and the brake pedal depth had a significant influence on fuel consumption. The eco‐driving behavior identification model of overtaking demonstrated a high classification power and robustness with a classification accuracy of 89.16%. According to the simulation results, the developed adaptive identification model is with promising performance. The conclusions provide theoretical support for developing an adaptive strategy for connected eco‐driving.

A new genus of viviparid snail, Dalipaludina gen. nov., from the Yunnan Plateau of China is described within an integrative taxonomic framework based on data from the mitochondrial COI marker and morphology. Dalipaludina can be distinguished from all other viviparid genera by a unique combination shell, operculum and radula characters. Four species are assigned here to the new genus, Dalipaludina delavayana comb. nov., Dalipaludina oxytropoides comb. nov., Dalipaludina occidentalis comb. nov., and Dalipaludina pyramidella comb. nov., and one species is newly assigned to Margarya, Margarya dianchiensis comb. nov. The four species of Dalipaludina are allopatrically distributed in shallow water lentic habitats at high altitude regions of the Yunnan Plateau.

Abstract We demonstrate a method for quickly and automatically detecting all three components of a remanent magnetic field around a shielded spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) atomic magnetometer (AM) using the trisection algorithm (TSA) for zero-field resonance (ZFR). To satisfy the measurement of AMs, a resonance light of the 87Rb D1 line with a spectral width of less than 1MHz is converted to circular polarization by a linear polarizer and a quarter-wave plate. After the light beam has passed through the alkali metal vapor cell, the residual magnetic field can be measured by searching for triaxial ZFR optical peaks. The TSA stably reduces the measurement time to 2.41 s on average and improves the measurement accuracy, significantly outpacing existing methods. The weighted averages of all measurements with corresponding uncertainties are (−15.437 ± 0.022)nT, (6.062 ± 0.021)nT, and (−14.158 ± 0.052)nT on the x-, y-, and z-axes, respectively. These improvements could facilitate more extremely weak magnetic studies in real time, such as magnetoencephalography (MEG) and magnetocardiography (MCG) measurements.

As a clean and efficient energy, nuclear energy can replace coal for heating in winter, so as to achieve the goal of “reducing pollution and carbon” in the heating process. According to the heat supply demand index proposed by the heat supply network, based on MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform, the whole plant main system model of swimming pool-type low-temperature reactor was established, and the heat supply control scheme which can be used for reactor power regulation was put forward in this paper. The fixed value adjustment process of reactor power and the reactor response process under heat network accident conditions were analyzed in detail. The simulation results show that the control scheme can adjust the reactor power according to the fixed value demand of the heat supply network load. During the adjustment process, the main temperature parameters of the reactor are within the safety limit, and the temperature in the user room of the heat supply network can be maintained near 18 ℃. Due to the large heat capacity of the low-temperature reactor pool and there are three heat exchange circuits from the heat source to the heat network, resulting in a certain pure lag link, which makes the regulation time constant of the water supply temperature very large. At the same time, the control scheme has a certain ability to resist small load disturbance under accident conditions. In case of small load step disturbance of 2%PN caused by accidents such as fracture of heat supply network, the scheme can control the reactor power unchanged, and the temperature in the user’s room can only change within the range of 1 ℃ and be stabilized again. In addition, the control scheme can automatically trigger the flow control link of the primary circuit under the accident condition of the heat supply network, adjust the flow of the primary circuit, so that the temperature entering the reactor water tank does not exceed 68 ℃, so as to ensure that the water temperature of the water tank does not exceed the concrete temperature limit. As the primary circuit flow decreases, the core outlet temperature rises immediately. Therefore, it is necessary to place the main pump lower from the ground, so as to increase the effective NPSH (net positive suction head) of the main pump and prevent it from cavitation. In conclusion, the heating control scheme can meet the heating load demand of the heating network, maintain the stability of reactor power under the condition of small disturbance of the heating network accident, and meet the safety requirements of temperature parameters, which have a certain design reference value.

We report the highly efficient conversion of readily available biomass-derived polyols with amines to valuable furfurylamines or β-amino alcohols compounds using ruthenium catalysis. The reaction outcome is readily tuned by the simple addition of 4 ​Å molecular sieves (furfurylamines vs. β-amino alcohols) with high chemo-selectivity. The proposed reaction mechanism involves ruthenium-catalyzed hydrogen borrowing for the reduction of the imine intermediate and C–C bond cleavage of polyols via a retro-aldol process. A series of arylamines was successfully transformed into the desired products with moderate to good yields.

Objective To evaluate the strengthens and feasibility of network-based teaching for clinical training in neonatology during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Because of COVID-19 pandemic, the interns of Peking Union Medical College Hospital accepted the network-based teaching in the training of neonatology from February to May 2020. Compared with those who received traditional training from November 2019 to January 2020, the Systematic Evatuation of Teaching Quality(SETQ) questionnaire and Pediatric Voluntary Self-assessment Forms were conducted to evaluate the quality of teaching and of knowledge mastery. Results There were no significant differences in teaching quality between two groups. While network-based teaching has favored knowledge mastery for rare diseases, complicated clinical operation and the interpretation of auxiliary examinations (P＜0.05). Conclusions Network-based teaching and the traditional pathway have their strengthens respectively and can be complementary in the intern training of neonatology.

Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides have aroused attention due to extensive physiological activities. One novel enzymatic-extractable polysaccharide, EPCMa, was obtained by chromatography column under optimum conditions. Structural characteristics analysis indicated that EPCMa consisted of → 3)-α-L-Fucp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →2,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →3)-α-Glcp-(1→, →6)-β-D-Galp-(1 → and β-D-Manp-(1 → with 20792 Da. Moreover, our work further investigated the effect of EPCMa on CCl4-indued liver injury and its underlying in mice. Results showed that EPCMa activated Nrf2 pathway by up-regulating Nrf2 and HO-1 expressions to enhance antioxidant enzymes for decreasing ROS and lipid peroxidation against oxidative stress, which inhibited NF-κB p65 and IκBα phosphorylation against the releases of IL-6, TNF-α and COX-2, thereby achieving hepatoprotective effect. To sum up, activation of Nrf2 pathway and suppression of NF-κB pathway by Nrf2/ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway are the main underlying mechanisms against CCl4-induced liver injury. These results demonstrated that EPCMa might be developed as a potential functional food and natural agent against liver injury.

Unraveling the origin of Helmholtz capacitance is of paramount importance for understanding the interfacial structure and electrostatic potential distribution of electric double layers (EDL). In this work, we combined the methods of ab initio molecular dynamics and classical molecular dynamics and modeled electrified Cu(100)/electrolyte and graphene/electrolyte interfaces for comparison. It was proposed that the Helmholtz capacitance is composed of three parts connected in series: the usual solvent capacitance, water chemisorption induced capacitance, and Pauling repulsion caused gap capacitance. We found the Helmholtz capacitance of graphene is significantly lower than that of Cu(100), which was attributed to two intrinsic factors. One is that graphene has a wider gap layer at interface, and the other is that graphene is less active for water chemisorption. Finally, based on our findings, we provide suggestions for how to increase the EDL capacitance of graphene-based materials in future work, and we also suggest that the new understanding of the potential distribution across the Helmholtz layer may help explain some experimental phenomena of electrocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]