143,630 results on '"Roy, P."'
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2. Forage yield performance of five elite genotypes of buffel grass in hot arid region of Rajasthan
- Author
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Rajora, M. P., Jadon, K. S., Roy, P. K., Patidar, M., and Bhatt, R. K.
- Published
- 2021
3. DUNE Phase II: Scientific Opportunities, Detector Concepts, Technological Solutions
- Author
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DUNE Collaboration, Abud, A. Abed, Abi, B., Acciarri, R., Acero, M. A., Adames, M. R., Adamov, G., Adamowski, M., Adams, D., Adinolfi, M., Adriano, C., Aduszkiewicz, A., Aguilar, J., Akbar, F., Allison, K., Monsalve, S. Alonso, Alrashed, M., Alton, A., Alvarez, R., Alves, T., Amar, H., Amedo, P., Anderson, J., Andreopoulos, C., Andreotti, M., Andrews, M. P., Andrianala, F., Andringa, S., Anfimov, N., Ankowski, A., Antic, D., Antoniassi, M., Antonova, M., Antoshkin, A., Aranda-Fernandez, A., Arellano, L., Diaz, E. Arrieta, Arroyave, M. A., Asaadi, J., Ashkenazi, A., Asner, D. M., Asquith, L., Atkin, E., Auguste, D., Aurisano, A., Aushev, V., Autiero, D., Azam, M. B., Azfar, F., Back, A., Back, H., Back, J. J., Bagaturia, I., Bagby, L., Balashov, N., Balasubramanian, S., Baldi, P., Baldini, W., Baldonedo, J., Baller, B., Bambah, B., Banerjee, R., Barao, F., Barbu, D., Barenboim, G., Barham~Alzás, P., Barker, G. J., Barkhouse, W., Barr, G., Monarca, J. Barranco, Barros, A., Barros, N., Barrow, D., Barrow, J. L., Basharina-Freshville, A., Bashyal, A., Basque, V., Batchelor, C., Bathe-Peters, L., Battat, J. B. R., Battisti, F., Bay, F., Bazetto, M. C. Q., Alba, J. L. L. Bazo, Beacom, J. F., Bechetoille, E., Behera, B., Belchior, E., Bell, G., Bellantoni, L., Bellettini, G., Bellini, V., Beltramello, O., Benekos, N., Montiel, C. Benitez, Benjamin, D., Neves, F. Bento, Berger, J., Berkman, S., Bernal, J., Bernardini, P., Bersani, A., Bertolucci, S., Betancourt, M., Rodríguez, A. Betancur, Bevan, A., Bezawada, Y., Bezerra, A. T., Bezerra, T. J., Bhat, A., Bhatnagar, V., Bhatt, J., Bhattacharjee, M., Bhattacharya, M., Bhuller, S., Bhuyan, B., Biagi, S., Bian, J., Biery, K., Bilki, B., Bishai, M., Bitadze, A., Blake, A., Blaszczyk, F. D., Blazey, G. C., Blucher, E., Bodek, A., Bogenschuetz, J., Boissevain, J., Bolognesi, S., Bolton, T., Bomben, L., Bonesini, M., Bonilla-Diaz, C., Bonini, F., Booth, A., Boran, F., Bordoni, S., Merlo, R. Borges, Borkum, A., Bostan, N., Bouet, R., Boza, J., Bracinik, J., Brahma, B., Brailsford, D., Bramati, F., Branca, A., Brandt, A., Bremer, J., Brew, C., Brice, S. J., Brio, V., Brizzolari, C., Bromberg, C., Brooke, J., Bross, A., Brunetti, G., Brunetti, M., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Buergi, J., Bundock, A., Burgardt, D., Butchart, S., V., G. Caceres, Cagnoli, I., Cai, T., Calabrese, R., Calcutt, J., Calivers, L., Calvo, E., Caminata, A., Camino, A. F., Campanelli, W., Campani, A., Benitez, A. Campos, Canci, N., Capó, J., Caracas, I., Caratelli, D., Carber, D., Carceller, J. M., Carini, G., Carlus, B., Carneiro, M. F., Carniti, P., Terrazas, I. Caro, Carranza, H., Carrara, N., Carroll, L., Carroll, T., Carter, A., Casarejos, E., Casazza, D., Forero, J. F. Castaño, Castaño, F. A., Castillo, A., Castromonte, C., Catano-Mur, E., Cattadori, C., Cavalier, F., Cavanna, F., Centro, S., Cerati, G., Cerna, C., Cervelli, A., Villanueva, A. Cervera, Chakraborty, K., Chakraborty, S., Chalifour, M., Chappell, A., Charitonidis, N., Chatterjee, A., Chen, H., Chen, M., Chen, W. C., Chen, Y., Chen-Wishart, Z., Cherdack, D., Chi, C., Chiapponi, F., Chirco, R., Chitirasreemadam, N., Cho, K., Choate, S., Chokheli, D., Chong, P. S., Chowdhury, B., Christian, D., Chukanov, A., Chung, M., Church, E., Cicala, M. F., Cicerchia, M., Cicero, V., Ciolini, R., Clarke, P., Cline, G., Coan, T. E., Cocco, A. G., Coelho, J. A. B., Cohen, A., Collazo, J., Collot, J., Conley, E., Conrad, J. M., Convery, M., Copello, S., Cortez, A. F. V., Cova, P., Cox, C., Cremaldi, L., Cremonesi, L., Crespo-Anadón, J. I., Crisler, M., Cristaldo, E., Crnkovic, J., Crone, G., Cross, R., Cudd, A., Cuesta, C., Cui, Y., Curciarello, F., Cussans, D., Dai, J., Dalager, O., Dallavalle, R., Dallaway, W., D'Amico, R., da Motta, H., Dar, Z. A., Darby, R., Peres, L. Da Silva, David, Q., Davies, G. S., Davini, S., Dawson, J., De Aguiar, R., De Almeida, P., Debbins, P., De Bonis, I., Decowski, M. P., de Gouvêa, A., De Holanda, P. C., Astiz, I. L. De Icaza, De Jong, P., Sanchez, P. Del Amo, De la Torre, A., De Lauretis, G., Delbart, A., Delepine, D., Delgado, M., Dell'Acqua, A., Monache, G. Delle, Delmonte, N., De Lurgio, P., Demario, R., De Matteis, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, DeMuth, D. M., Dennis, S., Densham, C., Denton, P., Deptuch, G. W., De Roeck, A., De Romeri, V., Detje, J. P., Devine, J., Dharmapalan, R., Dias, M., Diaz, A., Díaz, J. S., Díaz, F., Di Capua, F., Di Domenico, A., Di Domizio, S., Di Falco, S., Di Giulio, L., Ding, P., Di Noto, L., Diociaiuti, E., Distefano, C., Diurba, R., Diwan, M., Djurcic, Z., Doering, D., Dolan, S., Dolek, F., Dolinski, M. J., Domenici, D., Domine, L., Donati, S., Donon, Y., Doran, S., Douglas, D., Doyle, T. A., Dragone, A., Drielsma, F., Duarte, L., Duchesneau, D., Duffy, K., Dugas, K., Dunne, P., Dutta, B., Duyang, H., Dwyer, D. A., Dyshkant, A. S., Dytman, S., Eads, M., Earle, A., Edayath, S., Edmunds, D., Eisch, J., Englezos, P., Ereditato, A., Erjavec, T., Escobar, C. O., Evans, J. J., Ewart, E., Ezeribe, A. C., Fahey, K., Fajt, L., Falcone, A., Fani', M., Farnese, C., Farrell, S., Farzan, Y., Fedoseev, D., Felix, J., Feng, Y., Fernandez-Martinez, E., Fernández-Posada, D., Ferry, G., Fialova, E., Fields, L., Filip, P., Filkins, A., Filthaut, F., Fine, R., Fiorillo, G., Fiorini, M., Fogarty, S., Foreman, W., Fowler, J., Franc, J., Francis, K., Franco, D., Franklin, J., Freeman, J., Fried, J., Friedland, A., Fuess, S., Furic, I. K., Furman, K., Furmanski, A. P., Gaba, R., Gabrielli, A., M~Gago, A., Galizzi, F., Gallagher, H., Gallice, N., Galymov, V., Gamberini, E., Gamble, T., Ganacim, F., Gandhi, R., Ganguly, S., Gao, F., Gao, S., Garcia-Gamez, D., García-Peris, M. Á., Gardim, F., Gardiner, S., Gastler, D., Gauch, A., Gauvreau, J., Gauzzi, P., Gazzana, S., Ge, G., Geffroy, N., Gelli, B., Gent, S., Gerlach, L., Ghorbani-Moghaddam, Z., Giammaria, T., Gibin, D., Gil-Botella, I., Gilligan, S., Gioiosa, A., Giovannella, S., Girerd, C., Giri, A. K., Giugliano, C., Giusti, V., Gnani, D., Gogota, O., Gollapinni, S., Gollwitzer, K., Gomes, R. A., Bermeo, L. V. Gomez, Fajardo, L. S. Gomez, Gonnella, F., Gonzalez-Diaz, D., Gonzalez-Lopez, M., Goodman, M. C., Goswami, S., Gotti, C., Goudeau, J., Goudzovski, E., Grace, C., Gramellini, E., Gran, R., Granados, E., Granger, P., Grant, C., Gratieri, D. R., Grauso, G., Green, P., Greenberg, S., Greer, J., Griffith, W. C., Groetschla, F. T., Grzelak, K., Gu, L., Gu, W., Guarino, V., Guarise, M., Guenette, R., Guerzoni, M., Guffanti, D., Guglielmi, A., Guo, B., Guo, F. Y., Gupta, A., Gupta, V., Gurung, G., Gutierrez, D., Guzowski, P., Guzzo, M. M., Gwon, S., Habig, A., Hadavand, H., Haegel, L., Haenni, R., Hagaman, L., Hahn, A., Haiston, J., Hakenmüller, J., Hamernik, T., Hamilton, P., Hancock, J., Happacher, F., Harris, D. A., Hart, A., Hartnell, J., Hartnett, T., Harton, J., Hasegawa, T., Hasnip, C. M., Hatcher, R., Hayrapetyan, K., Hays, J., Hazen, E., He, M., Heavey, A., Heeger, K. M., Heise, J., Hellmuth, P., Henry, S., Hernández-García, J., Herner, K., Hewes, V., Higuera, A., Hilgenberg, C., Hillier, S. J., Himmel, A., Hinkle, E., Hirsch, L. R., Ho, J., Hoff, J., Holin, A., Holvey, T., Hoppe, E., Horiuchi, S., Horton-Smith, G. A., Houdy, T., Howard, B., Howell, R., Hristova, I., Hronek, M. S., Huang, J., Huang, R. G., Hulcher, Z., Ibrahim, M., Iles, G., Ilic, N., Iliescu, A. M., Illingworth, R., Ingratta, G., Ioannisian, A., Irwin, B., Isenhower, L., Oliveira, M. Ismerio, Itay, R., Jackson, C. M., Jain, V., James, E., Jang, W., Jargowsky, B., Jena, D., Jentz, I., Ji, X., Jiang, C., Jiang, J., Jiang, L., Jipa, A., Jo, J. H., Joaquim, F. R., Johnson, W., Jollet, C., Jones, B., Jones, R., Jovancevic, N., Judah, M., Jung, C. K., Junk, T., Jwa, Y., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A. C., Kadenko, I., Kakorin, I., Kalitkina, A., Kalra, D., Kandemir, M., Kaplan, D. M., Karagiorgi, G., Karaman, G., Karcher, A., Karyotakis, Y., Kasai, S., Kasetti, S. P., Kashur, L., Katsioulas, I., Kauther, A., Kazaryan, N., Ke, L., Kearns, E., Keener, P. T., Kelly, K. J., Kemp, E., Kemularia, O., Kermaidic, Y., Ketchum, W., Kettell, S. H., Khabibullin, M., Khan, N., Khvedelidze, A., Kim, D., Kim, J., Kim, M. J., King, B., Kirby, B., Kirby, M., Kish, A., Klein, J., Kleykamp, J., Klustova, A., Kobilarcik, T., Koch, L., Koehler, K., Koerner, L. W., Koh, D. H., Kolupaeva, L., Korablev, D., Kordosky, M., Kosc, T., Kose, U., Kostelecký, V. A., Kothekar, K., Kotler, I., Kovalcuk, M., Kozhukalov, V., Krah, W., Kralik, R., Kramer, M., Kreczko, L., Krennrich, F., Kreslo, I., Kroupova, T., Kubota, S., Kubu, M., Kudenko, Y., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kufatty, G., Kuhlmann, S., Kulagin, S., Kumar, J., Kumar, P., Kumaran, S., Kunzmann, J., Kuravi, R., Kurita, N., Kuruppu, C., Kus, V., Kutter, T., Kuźniak, M., Kvasnicka, J., Labree, T., Lackey, T., Lalău, I., Lambert, A., Land, B. J., Lane, C. E., Lane, N., Lang, K., Langford, T., Langstaff, M., Lanni, F., Lantwin, O., Larkin, J., Lasorak, P., Last, D., Laudrain, A., Laundrie, A., Laurenti, G., Lavaut, E., Laycock, P., Lazanu, I., LaZur, R., Lazzaroni, M., Le, T., Leardini, S., Learned, J., LeCompte, T., Legin, V., Miotto, G. Lehmann, Lehnert, R., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Leitner, M., Silverio, D. Leon, Lepin, L. M., -Y~Li, J., Li, S. W., Li, Y., Liao, H., Lin, C. S., Lindebaum, D., Linden, S., Lineros, R. A., Lister, A., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Lockwitz, S., Lokajicek, M., Lomidze, I., Long, K., Lopes, T. V., Lopez, J., de Rego, I. López, López-March, N., Lord, T., LoSecco, J. M., Louis, W. C., Sanchez, A. Lozano, Lu, X. -G., Luk, K. B., Lunday, B., Luo, X., Luppi, E., MacFarlane, D., Machado, A. A., Machado, P., Macias, C. T., Macier, J. R., MacMahon, M., Maddalena, A., Madera, A., Madigan, P., Magill, S., Magueur, C., Mahn, K., Maio, A., Major, A., Majumdar, K., Mameli, S., Man, M., Mandujano, R. C., Maneira, J., Manly, S., Mann, A., Manolopoulos, K., Plata, M. Manrique, Corchado, S. Manthey, Manyam, V. N., Marchan, M., Marchionni, A., Marciano, W., Marfatia, D., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Marinho, F., Marino, A. D., Markiewicz, T., Marques, F. Das Chagas, Marquet, C., Marshak, M., Marshall, C. M., Marshall, J., Martina, L., Martín-Albo, J., Martinez, N., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, López, F. Martínez, Miravé, P. Martínez, Martynenko, S., Mascagna, V., Massari, C., Mastbaum, A., Matichard, F., Matsuno, S., Matteucci, G., Matthews, J., Mauger, C., Mauri, N., Mavrokoridis, K., Mawby, I., Mazza, R., McAskill, T., McConkey, N., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McNab, A., Meazza, L., Meddage, V. C. N., Mefodiev, A., Mehta, B., Mehta, P., Melas, P., Mena, O., Mendez, H., Mendez, P., Méndez, D. P., Menegolli, A., Meng, G., Mercuri, A. C. E. A., Meregaglia, A., Messier, M. D., Metallo, S., Metcalf, W., Mewes, M., Meyer, H., Miao, T., Micallef, J., Miccoli, A., Michna, G., Milincic, R., Miller, F., Miller, G., Miller, W., Mineev, O., Minotti, A., Miralles, L., Miranda, O. G., Mironov, C., Miryala, S., Miscetti, S., Mishra, C. S., Mishra, P., Mishra, S. R., Mislivec, A., Mitchell, M., Mladenov, D., Mocioiu, I., Mogan, A., Moggi, N., Mohanta, R., Mohayai, T. A., Mokhov, N., Molina, J., Bueno, L. Molina, Montagna, E., Montanari, A., Montanari, C., Montanari, D., Montanino, D., Zetina, L. M. 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Otiniano, Ott, J., Pagani, L., Palacio, G., Palamara, O., Palestini, S., Paley, J. M., Pallavicini, M., Palomares, C., Pan, S., Panda, P., Vazquez, W. Panduro, Pantic, E., Paolone, V., Papaleo, R., Papanestis, A., Papoulias, D., Paramesvaran, S., Paris, A., Parke, S., Parozzi, E., Parsa, S., Parsa, Z., Parveen, S., Parvu, M., Pasciuto, D., Pascoli, S., Pasqualini, L., Pasternak, J., Patrick, C., Patrizii, L., Patterson, R. B., Patzak, T., Paudel, A., Paulucci, L., Pavlovic, Z., Pawloski, G., Payne, D., Pec, V., Pedreschi, E., Peeters, S. J. M., Pellico, W., Perez, A. Pena, Pennacchio, E., Penzo, A., Peres, O. L. G., Gonzalez, Y. F. Perez, Pérez-Molina, L., Pernas, C., Perry, J., Pershey, D., Pessina, G., Petrillo, G., Petta, C., Petti, R., Pfaff, M., Pia, V., Pickering, L., Pietropaolo, F., Pimentel, V. L., Pinaroli, G., Pincha, S., Pinchault, J., Pitts, K., Plows, K., Pollack, C., Pollman, T., Pompa, F., Pons, X., Poonthottathil, N., Popov, V., Poppi, F., Porter, J., Paix{ã}o, L. G. 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Steklain, Stepanova, A., Stewart, J., Stillwell, B., Stock, J., Stocker, F., Stokes, T., Strait, M., Strauss, T., Strigari, L., Stuart, A., Suarez, J. G., Subash, J., Surdo, A., Suter, L., Sutera, C. M., Sutton, K., Suvorov, Y., Svoboda, R., Swain, S. K., Szczerbinska, B., Szelc, A. M., Sztuc, A., Taffara, A., Talukdar, N., Tamara, J., Tanaka, H. A., Tang, S., Taniuchi, N., Casanova, A. M. Tapia, Oregui, B. Tapia, Tapper, A., Tariq, S., Tarpara, E., Tatar, E., Tayloe, R., Tedeschi, D., Teklu, A. M., Vidal, J. Tena, Tennessen, P., Tenti, M., Terao, K., Terranova, F., Testera, G., Thakore, T., Thea, A., Thomas, S., Thompson, A., Thorn, C., Timm, S. C., Tiras, E., Tishchenko, V., Todorović, N., Tomassetti, L., Tonazzo, A., Torbunov, D., Torti, M., Tortola, M., Tortorici, F., Tosi, N., Totani, D., Toups, M., Touramanis, C., Tran, D., Travaglini, R., Trevor, J., Triller, E., Trilov, S., Truchon, J., Truncali, D., Trzaska, W. H., Tsai, Y., Tsai, Y. -T., Tsamalaidze, Z., Tsang, K. 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- Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
The international collaboration designing and constructing the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) at the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) has developed a two-phase strategy toward the implementation of this leading-edge, large-scale science project. The 2023 report of the US Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5) reaffirmed this vision and strongly endorsed DUNE Phase I and Phase II, as did the European Strategy for Particle Physics. While the construction of the DUNE Phase I is well underway, this White Paper focuses on DUNE Phase II planning. DUNE Phase-II consists of a third and fourth far detector (FD) module, an upgraded near detector complex, and an enhanced 2.1 MW beam. The fourth FD module is conceived as a "Module of Opportunity", aimed at expanding the physics opportunities, in addition to supporting the core DUNE science program, with more advanced technologies. This document highlights the increased science opportunities offered by the DUNE Phase II near and far detectors, including long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics, neutrino astrophysics, and physics beyond the standard model. It describes the DUNE Phase II near and far detector technologies and detector design concepts that are currently under consideration. A summary of key R&D goals and prototyping phases needed to realize the Phase II detector technical designs is also provided. DUNE's Phase II detectors, along with the increased beam power, will complete the full scope of DUNE, enabling a multi-decadal program of groundbreaking science with neutrinos.
- Published
- 2024
4. First Measurement of the Total Inelastic Cross-Section of Positively-Charged Kaons on Argon at Energies Between 5.0 and 7.5 GeV
- Author
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DUNE Collaboration, Abud, A. Abed, Abi, B., Acciarri, R., Acero, M. A., Adames, M. R., Adamov, G., Adamowski, M., Adams, D., Adinolfi, M., Adriano, C., Aduszkiewicz, A., Aguilar, J., Akbar, F., Allison, K., Monsalve, S. Alonso, Alrashed, M., Alton, A., Alvarez, R., Alves, T., Amar, H., Amedo, P., Anderson, J., Andreopoulos, C., Andreotti, M., Andrews, M. P., Andrianala, F., Andringa, S., Anfimov, N., Ankowski, A., Antic, D., Antoniassi, M., Antonova, M., Antoshkin, A., Aranda-Fernandez, A., Arellano, L., Diaz, E. Arrieta, Arroyave, M. A., Asaadi, J., Ashkenazi, A., Asner, D., Asquith, L., Atkin, E., Auguste, D., Aurisano, A., Aushev, V., Autiero, D., Azam, M. B., Azfar, F., Back, A., Back, H., Back, J. J., Bagaturia, I., Bagby, L., Balashov, N., Balasubramanian, S., Baldi, P., Baldini, W., Baldonedo, J., Baller, B., Bambah, B., Banerjee, R., Barao, F., Barbu, D., Barenboim, G., Barham~Alzás, P., Barker, G. J., Barkhouse, W., Barr, G., Monarca, J. 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- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
ProtoDUNE Single-Phase (ProtoDUNE-SP) is a 770-ton liquid argon time projection chamber that operated in a hadron test beam at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2018. We present a measurement of the total inelastic cross section of charged kaons on argon as a function of kaon energy using 6 and 7 GeV/$c$ beam momentum settings. The flux-weighted average of the extracted inelastic cross section at each beam momentum setting was measured to be 380$\pm$26 mbarns for the 6 GeV/$c$ setting and 379$\pm$35 mbarns for the 7 GeV/$c$ setting.
- Published
- 2024
5. Supernova Pointing Capabilities of DUNE
- Author
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DUNE Collaboration, Abud, A. Abed, Abi, B., Acciarri, R., Acero, M. A., Adames, M. R., Adamov, G., Adamowski, M., Adams, D., Adinolfi, M., Adriano, C., Aduszkiewicz, A., Aguilar, J., Aimard, B., Akbar, F., Allison, K., Monsalve, S. Alonso, Alrashed, M., Alton, A., Alvarez, R., Alves, T., Amar, H., Amedo, P., Anderson, J., Andrade, D. A., Andreopoulos, C., Andreotti, M., Andrews, M. P., Andrianala, F., Andringa, S., Anfimov, N., Ankowski, A., Antoniassi, M., Antonova, M., Antoshkin, A., Aranda-Fernandez, A., Arellano, L., Diaz, E. Arrieta, Arroyave, M. A., Asaadi, J., Ashkenazi, A., Asner, D., Asquith, L., Atkin, E., Auguste, D., Aurisano, A., Aushev, V., Autiero, D., Azfar, F., Back, A., Back, H., Back, J. J., Bagaturia, I., Bagby, L., Balashov, N., Balasubramanian, S., Baldi, P., Baldini, W., Baldonedo, J., Baller, B., Bambah, B., Banerjee, R., Barao, F., Barenboim, G., Alzás, P. Barham, Barker, G. J., Barkhouse, W., Barr, G., Monarca, J. Barranco, Barros, A., Barros, N., Barrow, D., Barrow, J. L., Basharina-Freshville, A., Bashyal, A., Basque, V., Batchelor, C., Bathe-Peters, L., Battat, J. B. R., Battisti, F., Bay, F., Bazetto, M. C. Q., Alba, J. L. L. Bazo, Beacom, J. F., Bechetoille, E., Behera, B., Belchior, E., Bell, G., Bellantoni, L., Bellettini, G., Bellini, V., Beltramello, O., Benekos, N., Montiel, C. Benitez, Benjamin, D., Neves, F. Bento, Berger, J., Berkman, S., Bernal, J., Bernardini, P., Bersani, A., Bertolucci, S., Betancourt, M., Rodríguez, A. Betancur, Bevan, A., Bezawada, Y., Bezerra, A. T., Bezerra, T. J., Bhat, A., Bhatnagar, V., Bhatt, J., Bhattacharjee, M., Bhattacharya, M., Bhuller, S., Bhuyan, B., Biagi, S., Bian, J., Biery, K., Bilki, B., Bishai, M., Bitadze, A., Blake, A., Blaszczyk, F. D., Blazey, G. C., Blucher, E., Bogenschuetz, J., Boissevain, J., Bolognesi, S., Bolton, T., Bomben, L., Bonesini, M., Bonilla-Diaz, C., Bonini, F., Booth, A., Boran, F., Bordoni, S., Merlo, R. 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- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Nuclear Experiment ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
The determination of the direction of a stellar core collapse via its neutrino emission is crucial for the identification of the progenitor for a multimessenger follow-up. A highly effective method of reconstructing supernova directions within the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is introduced. The supernova neutrino pointing resolution is studied by simulating and reconstructing electron-neutrino charged-current absorption on $^{40}$Ar and elastic scattering of neutrinos on electrons. Procedures to reconstruct individual interactions, including a newly developed technique called ``brems flipping'', as well as the burst direction from an ensemble of interactions are described. Performance of the burst direction reconstruction is evaluated for supernovae happening at a distance of 10 kpc for a specific supernova burst flux model. The pointing resolution is found to be 3.4 degrees at 68% coverage for a perfect interaction-channel classification and a fiducial mass of 40 kton, and 6.6 degrees for a 10 kton fiducial mass respectively. Assuming a 4% rate of charged-current interactions being misidentified as elastic scattering, DUNE's burst pointing resolution is found to be 4.3 degrees (8.7 degrees) at 68% coverage., Comment: 25 pages, 16 figures
- Published
- 2024
6. Swift-BAT GUANO follow-up of gravitational-wave triggers in the third LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run
- Author
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Raman, Gayathri, Ronchini, Samuele, Delaunay, James, Tohuvavohu, Aaron, Kennea, Jamie A., Parsotan, Tyler, Ambrosi, Elena, Bernardini, Maria Grazia, Campana, Sergio, Cusumano, Giancarlo, D'Ai, Antonino, D'Avanzo, Paolo, D'Elia, Valerio, De Pasquale, Massimiliano, Dichiara, Simone, Evans, Phil, Hartmann, Dieter, Kuin, Paul, Melandri, Andrea, O'Brien, Paul, Osborne, Julian P., Page, Kim, Palmer, David M., Sbarufatti, Boris, Tagliaferri, Gianpiero, Troja, Eleonora, Abac, A. G., Abbott, R., Abe, H., Abouelfettouh, I., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adamcewicz, C., Adhicary, S., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Aguiar, O. D., Aguilar, I., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Alfaidi, R. A., Al-Jodah, A., Alléné, C., Allocca, A., Al-Shammari, S., Altin, P. A., Alvarez-Lopez, S., Amato, A., Amez-Droz, L., Amorosi, A., Amra, C., Anand, S., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Andia, M., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andrés-Carcasona, M., Andrić, T., Anglin, J., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Aoumi, M., Appavuravther, E. Z., Appert, S., Apple, S. K., Arai, K., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Aritomi, N., Armato, F., Arnaud, N., Arogeti, M., Aronson, S. M., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Melo, S. Assis de Souza, Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., AultONeal, K., Avallone, G., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bagnasco, S., Bagui, E., Bai, Y., Baier, J. G., Bajpai, R., Baka, T., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Banerjee, B., Bankar, D., Baral, P., Barayoga, J. C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Barthelmy, S. D., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Basak, S., Basalaev, A., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Baxi, P., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Bazzan, M., Bécsy, B., Bedakihale, V. 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E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tissino, J., Tiwari, A., Tiwari, Shubhanshu, Tiwari, Srishti, Tiwari, V., Todd, M. R., Toivonen, A. M., Toland, K., Tolley, A. E., Tomaru, T., Tomita, K., Tomura, T., Tong-Yu, C., Toriyama, A., Toropov, N., Torres-Forné, A., Torrie, C. I., Toscani, M., Melo, I. Tosta e, Tournefier, E., Trani, A. A., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trenado, J., Trevor, M., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Troiano, L., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R. J., Tsang, T. T. L., Tso, R., Tsuchida, S., Tsukada, L., Tsutsui, T., Turbang, K., Turconi, M., Turski, C., Ubach, H., Ubhi, A. S., Uchikata, N., Uchiyama, T., Udall, R. P., Uehara, T., Ueno, K., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Ushiba, T., Utina, A., Vacatello, M., Vahlbruch, H., Vaidya, N., Vajente, G., Vajpeyi, A., Valdes, G., Valencia, J., Valentini, M., Vallejo-Peña, S. A., Vallero, S., Valsan, V., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van Dael, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Sluys, M., Van de Walle, A., van Dongen, J., Vandra, K., van Haevermaet, H., van Heijningen, J. V., Vanosky, J., van Putten, M. H. P. M., van Ranst, Z., van Remortel, N., Vardaro, M., Vargas, A. F., Varma, V., Vasúth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venikoudis, S., Venneberg, J., Verdier, P., Verkindt, D., Verma, B., Verma, P., Verma, Y., Vermeulen, S. M., Veske, D., Vetrano, F., Veutro, A., Vibhute, A. M., Viceré, A., Vidyant, S., Viets, A. D., Vijaykumar, A., Vilkha, A., Villa-Ortega, V., Vincent, E. T., Vinet, J. -Y., Viret, S., Virtuoso, A., Vitale, S., Vocca, H., Voigt, D., von Reis, E. R. G., von Wrangel, J. S. A., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Wagner, K. J., Walet, R. C., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Wang, Z., Waratkar, G., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Was, M., Washimi, T., Washington, N. Y., Watarai, D., Wayt, K. E., Weaver, B., Weaving, C. R., Webster, S. A., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Weller, C. M., Weller, R. A., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., White, D. D., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wildberger, J. B., Wilk, O. S., Wilken, D., Willetts, K., Williams, D., Williams, M. J., Williams, N. S., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wils, M., Wipf, C. C., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wolfe, N. E., Wong, D., Wong, H. T., Wong, H. W. Y., Wong, I. C. F., Wright, J. L., Wright, M., Wu, C., Wu, D. S., Wu, H., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, L., Xu, V. A., Xu, Y., Yadav, N., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, M., Yamamoto, T. S., Yamamoto, T., Yamamura, S., Yamazaki, R., Yan, S., Yan, T., Yang, F. W., Yang, F., Yang, K. Z., Yang, L. -C., Yang, Y., Yarbrough, Z., Yeh, S. -W., Yelikar, A. B., Yeung, S. M. C., Yin, X., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoo, J., Yu, H., Yuzurihara, H., Zadrożny, A., Zannelli, A. J., Zanolin, M., Zeeshan, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zeoli, M., Zerrad, M., Zevin, M., Zhang, A. C., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, R., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, Yue, Zhao, Yuhang, Zheng, Y., Zhong, H., Zhong, S., Zhou, R., Zhu, Z. -H., Zimmerman, A. B., Zucker, M. E., and Zweizig, J.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology - Abstract
We present results from a search for X-ray/gamma-ray counterparts of gravitational-wave (GW) candidates from the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) network using the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT). The search includes 636 GW candidates received in low latency, 86 of which have been confirmed by the offline analysis and included in the third cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalogs (GWTC-3). Targeted searches were carried out on the entire GW sample using the maximum--likelihood NITRATES pipeline on the BAT data made available via the GUANO infrastructure. We do not detect any significant electromagnetic emission that is temporally and spatially coincident with any of the GW candidates. We report flux upper limits in the 15-350 keV band as a function of sky position for all the catalog candidates. For GW candidates where the Swift-BAT false alarm rate is less than 10$^{-3}$ Hz, we compute the GW--BAT joint false alarm rate. Finally, the derived Swift-BAT upper limits are used to infer constraints on the putative electromagnetic emission associated with binary black hole mergers., Comment: 50 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
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- 2024
7. Physics-informed Neural Networks for Heterogeneous Poroelastic Media
- Author
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Roy, Sumanta, Annavarapu, Chandrasekhar, Roy, Pratanu, and Valiveti, Dakshina Murthy
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control - Abstract
This study introduces a novel physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) framework designed to model coupled-field problems specifically tailored for heterogeneous poroelastic media. Firstly, a composite neural network is developed where distinct neural networks are dedicated to predicting displacement and pressure variables for each material, employing identical activation functions but trained separately across all other parameters. Secondly, we handle the challenges of heterogeneous material interfaces by the Interface- PINNs (I-PINNs) framework, where different activation functions across any material interface are prescribed to ensure that the discontinuities in solution fields and gradients are accurately captured. We compare the modified PINNs framework with the conventional approach on two one-dimensional benchmark examples for poroelasticity in heterogeneous media. Furthermore, we assess a single neural network architecture, comparing it against the composite neural network proposed in this work. These examples show that the proposed framework demonstrates superior approximation accuracy in both displacements and pressures, and better convergence behavior., Comment: 34 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables
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- 2024
8. A 17 MeV pseudoscalar and the LSND, MiniBooNE and ATOMKI anomalies
- Author
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Abdallah, Waleed, Gandhi, Raj, Ghosh, Tathgata, Khan, Najimuddin, Roy, Samiran, and Roy, Subhojit
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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
In the absence of any new physics signals at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), anomalous results at low energy experiments have become the subject of increased attention and scrutiny. We focus on three such results from the LSND, MiniBooNE (MB), and ATOMKI experiments. A 17 MeV pseudoscalar mediator ($a'$) can account for the excess events seen in $^8$Be and $^4$He pair creation transitions in ATOMKI. We incorporate this mediator in a gauge invariant extension of the Standard Model (SM) with a second Higgs doublet and three singlet (seesaw) neutrinos ($N_i, i=1,2,3$). $N_{1,2}$ participate in an interaction in MB and LSND which, with $a'$ as mediator, leads to the production of $e^+ e^-$ pairs. The $N_i$ also lead to mass-squared differences for SM neutrinos in agreement with global oscillation data. We first show that such a model offers a clean and natural joint solution to the MB and LSND excesses. We then examine the possibility of a common solution to all three anomalies. Using the values of the couplings to the quarks and electrons which are required to explain pair creation nuclear transition data for $^8$Be and $^4$He in ATOMKI, we show that these values lead to excellent fits for MB and LSND data as well, allowing for a common solution. We obtain a representative solution space for this, in the context of an important constraint that comes from the decay $K^+ \rightarrow \pi^+ a' \, (a'\rightarrow e^+e^-$). We also discuss other constraints on the model from both collider and non-collider experiments as well as those from electroweak precision data, stability and unitarity. We compute the contributions to the electron and muon $g-2$ up to two loops for our model and discuss the results in the context of the current theoretical and empirical scenario vis a vis these parameters. Finally, we discuss future tests of the model in upcoming experiments., Comment: 39 pages, 6 figures and 3 tables
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- 2024
9. Adaptive Interface-PINNs (AdaI-PINNs): An Efficient Physics-informed Neural Networks Framework for Interface Problems
- Author
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Roy, Sumanta, Annavarapu, Chandrasekhar, Roy, Pratanu, and Sarma, Antareep Kumar
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Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
We present an efficient physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) framework, termed Adaptive Interface-PINNs (AdaI-PINNs), to improve the modeling of interface problems with discontinuous coefficients and/or interfacial jumps. This framework is an enhanced version of its predecessor, Interface PINNs or I-PINNs (Sarma et al.; https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4766623), which involves domain decomposition and assignment of different predefined activation functions to the neural networks in each subdomain across a sharp interface, while keeping all other parameters of the neural networks identical. In AdaI-PINNs, the activation functions vary solely in their slopes, which are trained along with the other parameters of the neural networks. This makes the AdaI-PINNs framework fully automated without requiring preset activation functions. Comparative studies on one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional benchmark elliptic interface problems reveal that AdaI-PINNs outperform I-PINNs, reducing computational costs by 2-6 times while producing similar or better accuracy., Comment: 17 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
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- 2024
10. Teachers as Change Agents: Teaching English First Additional Language in Schools in Gauteng
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Roy Venketsamy and Zjing Hu
- Abstract
Background: Teachers are responsible for curriculum implementation and transformation. Therefore, they are viewed as the primary agents of change in teaching and learning. As agents of change, they are responsible for being innovative and creative in their teaching and learning in their English First Additional Language (EFAL) class. Objectives: The study aimed to explore South African teachers as agents of change in teaching EFAL in their Grade 3 classes. Method: This study adopted a qualitative research approach with an interpretivist paradigm. The researcher wanted to explore teachers' lived experience as agents of change in the Foundation Phase class. A case study design with purposive sampling was used. Results: The findings revealed that teachers understood their roles and responsibilities as change agents in their classrooms. They agreed they were responsible for implementing the curriculum to improve basic literacy skills among EFAL learners. Conclusion: The study found that teachers, as agents of change, needed support in continuous professional development to implement the curriculum. They also highlighted the need for help from their school management teams. Contribution: This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of the EFAL teacher. They are no longer mediators of learning but agents of change in teaching, learning and curriculum adaptation. Their roles go beyond imparting knowledge to learners. They are developers and mediators of critical thinking, decision-making, communication, use of technology and relationship-building skills.
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- 2024
11. Measuring Quality in Two Early Childhood Education Contexts: Centre-Based Childcare and Four-Year-Old Preschool
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Maude Roy-Vallières, Annie Charron, Nathalie Bigras, and Lise Lemay
- Abstract
The quality of early childhood experiences is crucial to a child's development and educational success. Yet few early childhood education and care services in the world today offer a consistently high level of educational quality. In particular, educational quality depends on the context's characteristics. The aim of this study was therefore to measure and compare the educational quality experienced in two distinct educational contexts, located in Quebec: early childhood centres and 4-year-old preschools. Results of the study indicate that there are very few significant differences between these two educational contexts in terms of interaction quality and pedagogical orientations quality, while variables related to structural quality vary greatly. Correlational and regression analyses carried out separately on each educational context show that few variables are predictive of interaction quality levels, suggesting that other variables, notably related to pedagogical orientations quality, would better explain variations in adult-child interactions predictive of child development. These results have implications for initial training curriculum aimed towards adults working in early childcare and for future directions in research on educational quality, including rethinking the importance of pedagogical orientations and structures in the ecosystemic model of quality.
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- 2024
12. Summer Cancer Research Experience for High School Students from Historically Marginalized Populations in Kansas City
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Lisa M. Harlan-Williams, Marcia Pomeroy, W. Todd Moore, Karin Chang, Devin C. Koestler, Emily Nissen, John Fife, Megha Ramaswamy, Danny R. Welch, and Roy A. Jensen
- Abstract
The Accelerate Cancer Education (ACE) summer research program at The University of Kansas Cancer Center (KUCC) is a six-week, cancer-focused, summer research experience for high school students from historically marginalized populations in the Kansas City metropolitan area. Cancer affects all populations and continues to be the second leading cause of death in the United States, and a large number of disparities impact racial and ethnic minorities, including increased cancer incidence and mortality. Critically, strategies to bolster diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility are needed to address persistent cancer disparities. The ACE program offers an educational opportunity for a population of students who otherwise would not have easy access onto a medical center campus to make connections with cancer physicians and researchers and provides a vital response to the need for a more diverse and expansive oncology workforce. Students grow their technical, social, and professional skills and develop self-efficacy and long-lasting connections that help them matriculate and persist through post-secondary education. Developed in 2018, the ACE program has trained 37 high school junior and senior students. This article describes the need for and how we successfully developed and implemented the ACE program.
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- 2024
13. Challenges of Teaching English Listening Skills at the Primary Level in Bangladesh
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Srejon Datta and Sukanto Roy
- Abstract
This research attempts to explore the challenges of teaching English listening skills at primary-level schools in Bangladesh. A mixed method was applied to conduct the research. The quantitative data was collected by a survey questionnaire from 30 primary-level English teachers. The qualitative data was collected by interviewing 5 primary level teachers. From the collected data, it is explored that the teachers confront several challenges in teaching listening skills, i.e., independent of teaching listening skills, teachers are bound to follow merely the vast syllabus of the institution, and they do not have any liberty to bring something beyond the stipulated instructions given by the authority. Few teachers have access to required teaching instruments like a computer, the internet, speakers, recorders, and a projector, and due to not having such instruments, the teachers cannot expose their students to cartoons, rhymes, stories, poems, and fables. A common view among the interviewees was that listening to--and watching--such types of audio-visual representations is effective in terms of honing students' listening and literacy. Also, teachers' classroom environment is not suitable for the teaching of listening skills. Many teachers are not yet trained to enact the proper pedagogy of listening. However, the time period of the primary level is so pivotal that if learners are not exposed to listening skills at that time, they then remain passive and weak in listening, communication, and literacy. Additionally, this study also provides recommendations for the establishment of and enhancing the teaching of listening skills at the primary level in Bangladesh.
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- 2024
14. Direct observation correlates NFκB cRel in B cells with activating and terminating their proliferative program.
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Vaidehi Narayanan, Haripriya, Xiang, Mark, Chen, Yijia, Huang, Helen, Roy, Sukanya, Makkar, Himani, Hoffmann, Alexander, and Roy, Koushik
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B cell proliferation ,IκBε negative feedback ,cRel fluorescent reporter ,cell-to-cell heterogeneity ,direct observation ,Animals ,B-Lymphocytes ,Cell Proliferation ,Mice ,NF-kappa B ,Mice ,Knockout ,Mice ,Inbred C57BL ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel - Abstract
Antibody responses require the proliferative expansion of B cells controlled by affinity-dependent signals. Yet, proliferative bursts are heterogeneous, varying between 0 and 8 divisions in response to the same stimulus. NFκB cRel is activated in response to immune stimulation in B cells and is genetically required for proliferation. Here, we asked whether proliferative heterogeneity is controlled by natural variations in cRel abundance. We developed a fluorescent reporter mTFP1-cRel for the direct observation of cRel in live proliferating B cells. We found that cRel is heterogeneously distributed among naïve B cells, which are enriched for high expressors in a heavy-tailed distribution. We found that high cRel expressors show faster activation of the proliferative program, but do not sustain it well, with population expansion decaying earlier. With a mathematical model of the molecular network, we showed that cRel heterogeneity arises from balancing positive feedback by autoregulation and negative feedback by its inhibitor IκBε, confirmed by mouse knockouts. Using live-cell fluorescence microscopy, we showed that increased cRel primes B cells for early proliferation via higher basal expression of the cell cycle driver cMyc. However, peak cMyc induction amplitude is constrained by incoherent feedforward regulation, decoding the fold change of cRel activity to terminate the proliferative burst. This results in a complex nonlinear, nonmonotonic relationship between cRel expression and the extent of proliferation. These findings emphasize the importance of direct observational studies to complement gene knockout results and to learn about quantitative relationships between biological processes and their key regulators in the context of natural variations.
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- 2024
15. Automating Deformable Gasket Assembly
- Author
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Adebola, Simeon, Sadjadpour, Tara, El-Refai, Karim, Panitch, Will, Ma, Zehan, Lin, Roy, Qiu, Tianshuang, Ganti, Shreya, Le, Charlotte, Drake, Jaimyn, and Goldberg, Ken
- Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
In Gasket Assembly, a deformable gasket must be aligned and pressed into a narrow channel. This task is common for sealing surfaces in the manufacturing of automobiles, appliances, electronics, and other products. Gasket Assembly is a long-horizon, high-precision task and the gasket must align with the channel and be fully pressed in to achieve a secure fit. To compare approaches, we present 4 methods for Gasket Assembly: one policy from deep imitation learning and three procedural algorithms. We evaluate these methods with 100 physical trials. Results suggest that the Binary+ algorithm succeeds in 10/10 on the straight channel whereas the learned policy based on 250 human teleoperated demonstrations succeeds in 8/10 trials and is significantly slower. Code, CAD models, videos, and data can be found at https://berkeleyautomation.github.io/robot-gasket/, Comment: Content without Appendix accepted for IEEE CASE 2024
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- 2024
16. Age and Value of Information Optimization for Systems with Multi-Class Updates
- Author
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Arafa, Ahmed and Yates, Roy D.
- Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory ,Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing - Abstract
Received samples of a stochastic process are processed by a server for delivery as updates to a monitor. Each sample belongs to a class that specifies a distribution for its processing time and a function that describes how the value of the processed update decays with age at the monitor. The class of a sample is identified when the processed update is delivered. The server implements a form of M/G/1/1 blocking queue; samples arriving at a busy server are discarded and samples arriving at an idle server are subject to an admission policy that depends on the age and class of the prior delivered update. For the delivered updates, we characterize the average age of information (AoI) and average value of information (VoI). We derive the optimal stationary policy that minimizes the convex combination of the AoI and (negative) VoI. It is shown that the policy has a threshold structure, in which a new sample is allowed to arrive to the server only if the previous update's age and value difference surpasses a certain threshold that depends on the specifics of the value function and system statistics., Comment: Appeared in IEEE ICC 2024
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- 2024
17. Quantum Circuit Optimization using Differentiable Programming of Tensor Network States
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Rogerson, David and Roy, Ananda
- Subjects
Quantum Physics - Abstract
Efficient quantum circuit optimization schemes are central to quantum simulation of strongly interacting quantum many body systems. Here, we present an optimization algorithm which combines machine learning techniques and tensor network methods. The said algorithm runs on classical hardware and finds shallow, accurate quantum circuits by minimizing scalar cost functions. The gradients relevant for the optimization process are computed using the reverse mode automatic differentiation technique implemented on top of the time-evolved block decimation algorithm for matrix product states. A variation of the ADAM optimizer is utilized to perform a gradient descent on the manifolds of charge conserving unitary operators to find the optimal quantum circuit. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated by finding the ground states of spin chain Hamiltonians for the Ising, three-state Potts and the massive Schwinger models for system sizes up to L=100. The first ten excited states of these models are also obtained for system sizes L=24. All circuits achieve high state fidelities within reasonable CPU time and modest memory requirements., Comment: 14 Pages, 7 figures
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- 2024
18. Massive stars exploding in a He-rich circumstellar medium $-$ X. Flash spectral features in the Type Ibn SN 2019cj and observations of SN 2018jmt
- Author
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Wang, Z. -Y., Pastorello, A., Maeda, K., Reguitti, A., Cai, Y. -Z., Howell, D. Andrew, Benetti, S., Buckley, D., Cappellaro, E., Carini, R., Cartier, R., Chen, T. -W., Elias-Rosa, N., Fang, Q. -L., Gal-Yam, A., Gangopadhyay, A., Gromadzki, M., Gan, W. -P., Hiramatsu, D., Hu, M. -K., Inserra, C., McCully, C., Nicholl, M., Olivares, F. E., Pignata, G., Pineda-Garc'ia, J., Pursiainen, M., Ragosta, F., Rau, A., Roy, R., Sollerman, J., Tartaglia, L., Terreran, G., Valerin, G., Wang, Q., Wang, S. -Q., Young, D. R., Aryan, A., Bronikowski, M., Concepcion, E., Galbany, L., Lin, H., Melandri, A., Petrushevska, T., Ramirez, M., Shi, D. -D, Warwick, B., Zhang, J. -J., Wang, B., Wang, X. -F., and Zhu, X. -J.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics - Abstract
We present optical and near-infrared observations of two Type Ibn supernovae (SNe), SN 2018jmt and SN 2019cj. Their light curves have rise times of about 10 days, reaching an absolute peak magnitude of $M_g$(SN 2018jmt) = $-$19.07 $\pm$ 0.37 and $M_V$(SN 2019cj) = $-$18.94 $\pm$ 0.19 mag, respectively. The early-time spectra of SN 2018jmt are dominated by a blue continuum, accompanied by narrow (600$-$1000 km~s$^{-1}$) He I lines with P-Cygni profile. At later epochs, the spectra become more similar to those of the prototypical SN Ibn 2006jc. At early phases, the spectra of SN 2019cj show flash ionisation emission lines of C III, N III and He II superposed on a blue continuum. These features disappear after a few days, and then the spectra of SN 2019cj evolve similarly to those of SN 2018jmt. The spectra indicate that the two SNe exploded within a He-rich circumstellar medium (CSM) lost by the progenitors a short time before the explosion. We model the light curves of the two SNe Ibn to constrain the progenitor and the explosion parameters. The ejecta masses are consistent with either that expected for a canonical SN Ib ($\sim$ 2 M$_{\odot}$) or those from a massive WR star ($>$ $\sim$ 4 M$_{\odot}$), with the kinetic energy on the order of $10^{51}$ erg. The lower limit on the ejecta mass ($>$ $\sim$ 2 M$_{\odot}$) argues against a scenario involving a relatively low-mass progenitor (e.g., $M_{ZAMS}$ $\sim$ 10 M$_{\odot}$). We set a conservative upper limit of $\sim$0.1 M$_{\odot}$ for the $^{56}$Ni masses in both SNe. From the light curve modelling, we determine a two-zone CSM distribution, with an inner, flat CSM component, and an outer CSM with a steeper density profile. The physical properties of SN 2018jmt and SN 2019cj are consistent with those expected from the core collapse of relatively massive, stripped-envelope (SE) stars., Comment: 28 pages, 19 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
- Published
- 2024
19. Itinerant magnetism vis-\`a-vis structural phases in AlCuFeMn multi-principal-component medium entropy alloy
- Author
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Swarnakar, Palash, De, Partha Sarathi, and Roy, Amritendu
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
The exploration of multi-principal-component alloys (MPCAs) as potential functional materials in research is still in its early phase, with most studies centred on their potential application as structural materials. Magnetic materials possessing superior performance characteristics are essential for functional applications. Experimental observations and ab-initio density functional theory calculations were used to design and investigate an MPCA, AlCuFeMn, based on the medium-entropy effect. This study examines the microstructure evolution, phase formation, and soft magnetic behaviour of a cast and annealed AlCuFeMn MPCA. We conducted first-principles density-functional-theory (DFT) calculations to explain a selected multi-phase alloy's atomic, electronic, and magnetic structures at absolute zero temperature to understand the experimental findings better. We verified the predictions based on DFT by comparing them with the experimental observations. Despite the emphasis on equimolar compositions, the findings and conclusions of this study can enhance phase prediction and magnetic characteristics in non-equimolar alloys.
- Published
- 2024
20. The Fock-space landscape of many-body localisation
- Author
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Roy, Sthitadhi and Logan, David E.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks ,Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases ,Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,Quantum Physics - Abstract
This article reviews recent progress in understanding the physics of many-body localisation (MBL) in disordered and interacting quantum many-body systems, from the perspective of ergodicity breaking on the associated Fock space. This approach to MBL is underpinned by mapping the dynamics of the many-body system onto that of a fictitious single particle on the high-dimensional, correlated and disordered Fock-space graph; yet, as we elaborate, the problem is fundamentally different from that of conventional Anderson localisation on high-dimensional or hierarchical graphs. We discuss in detail the nature of eigenstate correlations on the Fock space, both static and dynamic, and in the ergodic and many-body localised phases as well as in the vicinity of the MBL transition. The latter in turn sheds light on the nature of the transition, and motivates a scaling theory for it in terms of Fock-space based quantities. We also illustrate how these quantities can be concretely connected to real-space observables. An overview is given of several analytical and numerical techniques which have proven important in developing a comprehensive picture. Finally, we comment on some open questions in the field of MBL where the Fock-space approach is likely to prove insightful., Comment: 32 pages, 19 figures, Invited review article for J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
- Published
- 2024
21. Testing the lepton content of the proton at HERA and EIC
- Author
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Da Rold, Leandro, Medina, Anibal D., Roy, Subhojit, and Wagner, Carlos E. M.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
Although protons are baryons with an overall vanishing lepton number, they possess a non-trivial leptonic content arising from quantum fluctuations which can be described by lepton parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton. These PDFs have been recently computed and can be used to define lepton-induced processes at high-energy colliders. In this article, we propose a novel way to test the computation of lepton PDFs of the proton by analyzing both non-resonant di-lepton and resonant Z gauge boson production processes induced by leptons within the proton at proton-electron colliders like HERA and EIC. Despite the fact that lepton PDFs of the proton are known to be small, this work demonstrates that both processes imply a measurable yield of events at HERA and EIC, which could be used to test these PDFs., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
- Published
- 2024
22. Exploring the Impact of Nuclear Parton Distribution Functions on Open Heavy Flavor Azimuthal Angular Correlations in Pb-Pb Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.5 TeV
- Author
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Khade, Swapnesh, Singh, Ravindra, Bailung, Yoshini, and Roy, Ankhi
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
In this paper, we explore the impact of nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs) on the azimuthal angular correlation of open heavy flavor hadrons in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.5 TeV, utilizing PYTHIA8 + Angantyr model and various PDFs. The method involves a transverse momentum ($p_{\rm{T}}$) differential assessment of azimuthal angular correlations between prompt $\rm{D^0-\bar{D}^0}$, $\rm{B-\bar{B}}$, and non-prompt D-mesons. The results show that nPDFs significantly modify the near-side and away-side peaks of the azimuthal angular correlation distribution. A differential $p_{\rm{T}}$ analysis allowed us to find the interplay between various production mechanisms and the significant impact of nPDFs on the dynamics of heavy flavor hadron production. Apart from the contributions originating from leading order (LO) production processes like pair creation in the away side correlation distribution, the identification of a double peak structure in the near side of azimuthal angular correlation indicates contributions from next-to-leading order (NLO) processes. The paper also emphasizes the relevance of nPDF in the context of heavy quark thermalization in heavy-ion collision analyses. The findings indicate that nPDFs alter charm quark thermalization at low $p_{\rm{T}}$, with negligible effects on beauty quark thermalization. This comprehensive analysis of azimuthal correlations and nPDF effects enhances our understanding of the initial state conditions and the dynamics of heavy flavor production in heavy-ion collisions., Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures
- Published
- 2024
23. Dielectric Reliability and Interface Trap Characterization in MOCVD grown In-situ Al$_2$O$_3$ on $\beta$-Ga$_2$O$_3$
- Author
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Roy, Saurav, Bhattacharyya, Arkka, Peterson, Carl, and Krishnamoorthy, Sriram
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Physics - Applied Physics - Abstract
In this article, we investigate the in-situ growth of Al$_2$O$_3$ on $\beta$-Ga$_2$O$_3$ using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) at a high temperature of 800{\deg}C. The Al$_2$O$_3$ is grown within the same reactor as the $\beta$-Ga$_2$O$_3$, employing trimethylaluminum (TMAl) and O$_2$ as precursors without breaking the vacuum. We characterize the shallow and deep-level traps through stressed capacitance-voltage (C-V) and photo-assisted C-V methods. The high-temperature deposited dielectric demonstrates an impressive breakdown field of approximately 10 MV/cm. Furthermore, we evaluate the reliability and lifetime of the dielectrics using time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) measurements. By modifying the dielectric deposition process to include a high-temperature (800{\deg}C) thin interfacial layer and a low-temperature (600{\deg}C) bulk layer, we report a 10-year lifetime under a stress field of 3.5 MV/cm along a breakdown field of 7.8 MV/cm.
- Published
- 2024
24. EFT Workshop at Notre Dame
- Author
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Smith, Nick, Spitzbart, Daniel, Dickinson, Jennet, Wilson, Jon, Gray, Lindsey, Mohrman, Kelci, Bhattacharya, Saptaparna, Piccinelli, Andrea, Roy, Titas, Paspalaki, Garyfallia, Fontes, Duarte, Martin, Adam, Shepherd, William, Cruz, Sergio Sánchez, Goncalves, Dorival, Gritsan, Andrei, Prosper, Harrison, Junk, Tom, Cranmer, Kyle, Peskin, Michael, Gilbert, Andrew, Langford, Jonathon, Petriello, Frank, Mantani, Luca, Wightman, Andrew, Knight, Charlotte, Shyamsundar, Prasanth, Basnet, Aashwin, Boldrini, Giacomo, and Lannon, Kevin
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
The LPC EFT workshop was held April 25-26, 2024 at the University of Notre Dame. The workshop was organized into five thematic sessions: "how far beyond linear" discusses issues of truncation and validity in interpretation of results with an eye towards practicality; "reconstruction-level results" visits the question of how best to design analyses directly targeting inference of EFT parameters; "logistics of combining likelihoods" addresses the challenges of bringing a diverse array of measurements into a cohesive whole; "unfolded results" tackles the question of designing fiducial measurements for later use in EFT interpretations, and the benefits and limitations of unfolding; and "building a sample library" addresses how best to generate simulation samples for use in data analysis. This document serves as a summary of presentations, subsequent discussions, and actionable items identified over the course of the workshop.
- Published
- 2024
25. Quantum Inverse Contextual Vision Transformers (Q-ICVT): A New Frontier in 3D Object Detection for AVs
- Author
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Dharavath, Sanjay Bhargav, Dam, Tanmoy, Chakraborty, Supriyo, Roy, Prithwiraj, and Maiti, Aniruddha
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
The field of autonomous vehicles (AVs) predominantly leverages multi-modal integration of LiDAR and camera data to achieve better performance compared to using a single modality. However, the fusion process encounters challenges in detecting distant objects due to the disparity between the high resolution of cameras and the sparse data from LiDAR. Insufficient integration of global perspectives with local-level details results in sub-optimal fusion performance.To address this issue, we have developed an innovative two-stage fusion process called Quantum Inverse Contextual Vision Transformers (Q-ICVT). This approach leverages adiabatic computing in quantum concepts to create a novel reversible vision transformer known as the Global Adiabatic Transformer (GAT). GAT aggregates sparse LiDAR features with semantic features in dense images for cross-modal integration in a global form. Additionally, the Sparse Expert of Local Fusion (SELF) module maps the sparse LiDAR 3D proposals and encodes position information of the raw point cloud onto the dense camera feature space using a gating point fusion approach. Our experiments show that Q-ICVT achieves an mAPH of 82.54 for L2 difficulties on the Waymo dataset, improving by 1.88% over current state-of-the-art fusion methods. We also analyze GAT and SELF in ablation studies to highlight the impact of Q-ICVT. Our code is available at https://github.com/sanjay-810/Qicvt Q-ICVT, Comment: The paper has been accepted as a short paper at CIKM '24
- Published
- 2024
26. Identifying jittering-jet-shaped ejecta in the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant
- Author
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Shishkin, Dmitry, Kaye, Roy, and Soker, Noam
- Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Analyzing images of the Cygnus Loop, a core-collapse supernova (CCSN) remnant, in different emission bands, we identify a point-symmetrical morphology composed of three symmetry axes that we attribute to shaping by three pairs of jets. The main jet axis has an elongated S shape, appearing as a faint narrow zone in visible and UV. We term it the S-shaped hose, and the structure of three symmetry lines, the point-symmetric wind rose. The two other lines connect a protrusion (an ear or a bulge) with a hole on the opposite side of the center (a nozzle or a cavity), structures that we identify in the X-ray, UV, visible, IR, and/or radio images. There is a well-known blowout at the southern end of the S-shaped hose, and we identify a possible opposite blowout at the northern end of the S-shaped hose. The point-symmetrical morphology of the Cygnus Loop is according to the expectation of the jittering jets explosion mechanism (JJEM) of CCSNe, where several to few tens of pairs of jets with stochastically varying directions explode the star. The three pairs of jets that shaped the wind-rose structure of the Cygnus Loop are the last energetic pairs of this series of jets. Our study further supports the JJEM as the main explosion mechanism of CCSNe., Comment: Will be submitted in two days to allow for comments
- Published
- 2024
27. Feature Selection from Differentially Private Correlations
- Author
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Swope, Ryan, Khanna, Amol, Doldo, Philip, Roy, Saptarshi, and Raff, Edward
- Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Statistics - Machine Learning - Abstract
Data scientists often seek to identify the most important features in high-dimensional datasets. This can be done through $L_1$-regularized regression, but this can become inefficient for very high-dimensional datasets. Additionally, high-dimensional regression can leak information about individual datapoints in a dataset. In this paper, we empirically evaluate the established baseline method for feature selection with differential privacy, the two-stage selection technique, and show that it is not stable under sparsity. This makes it perform poorly on real-world datasets, so we consider a different approach to private feature selection. We employ a correlations-based order statistic to choose important features from a dataset and privatize them to ensure that the results do not leak information about individual datapoints. We find that our method significantly outperforms the established baseline for private feature selection on many datasets., Comment: To appear in Proceedings of the 17th ACM Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Security, 2024
- Published
- 2024
28. Reconfigurable Spin Logics and High-density Multistate Memory in a Single Spin-orbit Torque Device
- Author
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Posti, Raghvendra, Tiwari, Dhanajay, and Roy, Debangsu
- Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics ,Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
Nonvolatile devices based on the spin-orbit torque (SOT) mechanism are highly suitable for in-memory logic operations. The current objective is to enhance the memory density of memory cells while performing logic operations within the same memory unit. Present study demonstrates that integrating SOT with an out-of-plane magnetic field effectively achieves multiple magnetic states in perpendicularly magnetized heterostructures. This study further explores this approach, experimentally demonstrating reconfigurable logic operations within a single SOT device using W/Pt/Co/AlOxheterostructures. Our results show that multistate tuning by SOT integration with out-of-plane magnetic field enables reconfigurable logic operations, including AND, OR, NOR, NAND, and Always ON, within a single device. Additionally, we found that careful selection of input logic operations allows multiple configurations to achieve the same logic function within a single memory device. To enhance multistate memory density, we proposed and experimentally verified a two-step writing process, achieving the highest reported multistate memory density in SOT-based memory devices. These findings highlight the potential of integrating SOT and magnetic field effects to realize high-density, multifunctional in-memory logic devices.
- Published
- 2024
29. Sustainability of distribution of entanglement in tripartite systems under dephasing environment
- Author
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Roy, Sovik, Radhakrishnan, Chandrashekar, Mandal, Abhijit, and Ali, Md. Manirul
- Subjects
Quantum Physics - Abstract
Preserving multipartite entanglement amidst decoherence poses a pivotal challenge in quantum information processing. Also the measurement of multipartite entanglement in mixed states amid decoherence presents a formidable task. Employing reservoir memory offers a means to attenuate the decoherence dynamics impacting multipartite entanglement, slowing its degradation. In this work, we investigate the distribution of entanglement in tripartite systems for both pure and mixed states under a structured dephasing environment at finite temperature under both Markovian and Non-Markovian dynamics. Here, we consider situation where the three qubits in a common reservoir and also the situation where each qubit is in a local bosonic reservoir. We have also shown that the robustness of a quantum system to decoherence depends on the distribution of entanglement and its interaction with the different configurations of the bath. When each qubit has its own local environment, the system exhibits different dynamics compared to when all three qubits share a common environment. Furthermore, in the presence of the reservoir memory, the sustainability of distribution of entanglement in a tripartite system under dephasing dynamics is significantly enhanced.
- Published
- 2024
30. Correlation of Magnetic State Configurations in Nanotubes with FMR spectrum
- Author
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Kumar, Abhishek, Kalouni, Chirag, Posti, Raghvendra, Malik, Vivek K, Tiwari, Dhananjay, and Roy, Debangsu
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
Magnetic nanotubes have garnered immense attention for their potential in high-density magnetic memory, owing to their stable flux closure configuration and fast, reproducible reversal processes. However, characterizing their magnetic configuration through straightforward methodologies remains a challenge in both scope and detail. Here, we elucidate the magnetic state details using Remanence Field Ferromagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (RFMR) for arrays of electrodeposited nanotubes. Micromagnetic simulations revealed distinct spin configurations while coming from saturation, including the edge vortex, onion, uniform and curling states, with chirality variations depending on the preparation field direction. Dynamic measurements, coupled with RFMR spectra analysis, unveiled multiple FMR modes corresponding to these spin configurations. The evolution of spin configurations under bias fields were studied, indicating nucleation within the curling state. Observations revealed opposite RFMR spectra, denoting opposite magnetic spin configurations after removing the positive and negative saturating fields when the magnetic field was applied along {theta_H=0} and perpendicular {theta_H= 90} to the nanotube axis. We observed a mixture of the non-uniform curling states with the end vortex state (onion-like curling state) at the end of the nanotubes for the theta_H=0(90) and uniform magnetization states in the middle of the nanotubes for the theta_H=0 configuration. Building on RFMR information, frequency-swept FMR absorption spectra obtained at different bias fields allowed the characterization of magnetization states. This picture was supported by micromagnetic simulations. These findings were further substantiated with First Order Reversal Curve measurements (FORC).
- Published
- 2024
31. Euler Characteristic Surfaces: A Stable Multiscale Topological Summary of Time Series Data
- Author
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Roy, Anamika, Mitra, Atish J., and Dutta, Tapati
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter ,Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability - Abstract
We present Euler Characteristic Surfaces as a multiscale spatiotemporal topological summary of time series data encapsulating the topology of the system at different time instants and length scales. Euler Characteristic Surfaces with an appropriate metric is used to quantify stability and locate critical changes in a dynamical system with respect to variations in a parameter, while being substantially computationally cheaper than available alternate methods such as persistent homology. The stability of the construction is demonstrated by a quantitative comparison bound with persistent homology, and a quantitative stability bound under small changes in time is established. The proposed construction is used to analyze two different kinds of simulated disordered flow situations., Comment: 27 pages, 14 figures
- Published
- 2024
32. Shape effects in binary mixtures of PA12 powder in additive manufacturing
- Author
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Roy, Sudeshna and Pöschel, Thorsten
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter - Abstract
The quality of the powder spread in additive manufacturing devices depends sensitively on the particles' shapes. Here, we study powder spreading for mixtures of spherical and irregularly shaped particles in Polyamide 12 powders. Using DEM simulations, including heat transfer, we find that spherical particles exhibit better flowability. Thus, the particles are deposited far ahead of the spreading blade. In contrast, a large fraction of non-spherical particles hinders the flow. Therefore, the cold particles are deposited near the front of the spreading blade. This results in a temperature drop of the deposited particles near the substrate, which cannot be seen with spherical particles. The particles of both shapes are homogeneously distributed in the deposited powder layer., Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures
- Published
- 2024
33. Supercongruences arising from Ramanujan-Sato Series
- Author
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Babei, Angelica, Roy, Manami, Swisher, Holly, Tobin, Bella, and Tu, Fang-Ting
- Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory - Abstract
Recently, the authors with Lea Beneish established a recipe for constructing Ramanujan-Sato series for $1/\pi$, and used this to construct 11 explicit examples of Ramanujan-Sato series arising from modular forms for arithmetic triangle groups of non-compact type. Here, we use work of Chisholm, Deines, Long, Nebe and the third author to prove a general $p$-adic supercongruence theorem through an explicit connection to CM hypergeometric elliptic curves that provides $p$-adic analogues of these Ramanujan-Sato series. We further use this theorem to construct explicit examples related to each of our explicit Ramanujan-Sato series examples.
- Published
- 2024
34. Initialization-Free Multistate Memristor: Synergy of Spin-Orbit Torque and Magnetic Fields
- Author
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Posti, Raghvendra, Kalouni, Chirag, Tiwari, Dhananjay K, and Roy, Debangsu
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
Spin-orbit torque (SOT)-based perpendicularly magnetized memory devices with multistate memory have garnered significant interest due to their applicability in low-power in-memory analog computing. However, current methods are hindered by initialization problems such as prolonged writing duration, and limitations on the number of magnetic states. Consequently, a universal method for achieving multistate in PMA-based stacks remains elusive. Here, we propose a general experimental method for achieving multistate without any initialization step in SOT-driven magnetization switching by integrating an external out-of-plane magnetic field. Motivated by macrospin calculations coupled with micromagnetic simulations, which demonstrate the plausibility of magnetization state changes due to out-of-plane field integration, we experimentally verify multistate behavior in Pt/Co/Pt and W/Pt/Co/AlOx stacks. The occurrence of multistate behavior is attributed to intermediate domain states with N\'eel domain walls. We achieve repeatable 18 multistate configurations with a minimal reduction in retentivity through energy barrier measurements, paving the way for efficient analog computing.
- Published
- 2024
35. Classification of High-dimensional Time Series in Spectral Domain using Explainable Features
- Author
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Roy, Sarbojit, Sultan, Malik Shahid, and Ombao, Hernando
- Subjects
Statistics - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Statistics - Methodology - Abstract
Interpretable classification of time series presents significant challenges in high dimensions. Traditional feature selection methods in the frequency domain often assume sparsity in spectral density matrices (SDMs) or their inverses, which can be restrictive for real-world applications. In this article, we propose a model-based approach for classifying high-dimensional stationary time series by assuming sparsity in the difference between inverse SDMs. Our approach emphasizes the interpretability of model parameters, making it especially suitable for fields like neuroscience, where understanding differences in brain network connectivity across various states is crucial. The estimators for model parameters demonstrate consistency under appropriate conditions. We further propose using standard deep learning optimizers for parameter estimation, employing techniques such as mini-batching and learning rate scheduling. Additionally, we introduce a method to screen the most discriminatory frequencies for classification, which exhibits the sure screening property under general conditions. The flexibility of the proposed model allows the significance of covariates to vary across frequencies, enabling nuanced inferences and deeper insights into the underlying problem. The novelty of our method lies in the interpretability of the model parameters, addressing critical needs in neuroscience. The proposed approaches have been evaluated on simulated examples and the `Alert-vs-Drowsy' EEG dataset.
- Published
- 2024
36. MSA-3D: dissecting galaxies at z~1 with high spatial and spectral resolution
- Author
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Barišić, Ivana, Jones, Tucker, Mortensen, Kris, Nanayakkara, Themiya, Chen, Yuguang, Sanders, Ryan, Bullock, James S., Bundy, Kevin, Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André, Glazebrook, Karl, Henry, Alaina, Ju, Mengting, Malkan, Matthew, Morishita, Takahiro, Obreschkow, Danail, Roy, Namrata, Salcedo, Juan M. Espejo, Shapley, Alice E., Treu, Tommaso, Wang, Xin, and Westfall, Kyle B.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Integral field spectroscopy (IFS) is a powerful tool for understanding the formation of galaxies across cosmic history. We present the observing strategy and first results of MSA-3D, a novel JWST program using multi-object spectroscopy in a slit-stepping strategy to produce IFS data cubes. The program observed 43 normal star-forming galaxies at redshifts $0.5 \lesssim z \lesssim 1.5$, corresponding to the epoch when spiral thin-disk galaxies of the modern Hubble sequence are thought to emerge, obtaining kpc-scale maps of rest-frame optical nebular emission lines with spectral resolution $R\simeq2700$. Here we describe the multiplexed slit-stepping method which is $>15$ times more efficient than the NIRSpec IFS mode for our program. As an example of the data quality, we present a case study of an individual galaxy at $z=1.104$ (stellar mass $M_{*} = 10^{10.3}~M_{\odot}$, star formation rate~$=3~M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$) with prominent face-on spiral structure. We show that the galaxy exhibits a rotationally supported disk with moderate velocity dispersion ($\sigma = 36^{+5}_{-4}$~\kms), a negative radial metallicity gradient ($-0.020\pm0.002$~dex\,kpc$^{-1}$), a dust attenuation gradient, and an exponential star formation rate density profile which closely matches the stellar continuum. These properties are characteristic of local spirals, indicating that mature galaxies are in place at $z\sim1$. We also describe the customized data reduction and original cube-building software pipelines which we have developed to exploit the powerful slit-stepping technique. Our results demonstrate the ability of JWST slit-stepping to study galaxy populations at intermediate to high redshifts, with data quality similar to current surveys of the $z\sim0.1$ universe., Comment: 24 pages, 12 figures, 1 table; submitted to ApJ, comments welcome. Our custom designed data reduction pipeline and example processed data-cube will be publicly released before the JWST Cycle 4 deadline
- Published
- 2024
37. Integrable RG Flows on Topological Defect Lines in 2D Conformal Field Theories
- Author
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Tavares, Thiago Silva, Sinha, Madhav, Grans-Samuelsson, Linnea, Roy, Ananda, and Saleur, Hubert
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Mathematical Physics ,Quantum Physics - Abstract
Topological defect lines (TDLs) in two-dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs) are standard examples of generalized symmetries in quantum field theory. Integrable lattice incarnations of these TDLs, such as those provided by spin/anyonic chains, provide a crucial playground to investigate their properties, both analytically and numerically. Here, a family of parameter-dependent integrable lattice models is presented, which realize different TDLs in a given CFT as the parameter is varied. These models are based on the general quantum-inverse scattering construction, and involve inhomogeneities of the spectral parameter. Both defect hamiltonians and (defect) line operators are obtained in closed form. By varying the inhomogeneities, renormalization group flows between different TDLs (such as the Verlinde lines associated with the Virasoro primaries $(1,s)$ and $(s,1)$ in diagonal minimal CFTs) are then studied using different aspects of the Bethe-ansatz as well as ab-initio numerical techniques. Relationships with the anisotropic Kondo model as well as its non-Hermitian version are briefly discussed, Comment: 39 pages, 10 figures
- Published
- 2024
38. Autonomous on-Demand Shuttles for First Mile-Last Mile Connectivity: Design, Optimization, and Impact Assessment
- Author
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Roy, Sudipta, Dadashev, Gabriel, Yfantis, Lampros, Nahmias-Biran, Bat-hen, and Hasan, Samiul
- Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics ,Statistics - Applications - Abstract
The First-Mile Last-Mile (FMLM) connectivity is crucial for improving public transit accessibility and efficiency, particularly in sprawling suburban regions where traditional fixed-route transit systems are often inadequate. Autonomous on-Demand Shuttles (AODS) hold a promising option for FMLM connections due to their cost-effectiveness and improved safety features, thereby enhancing user convenience and reducing reliance on personal vehicles. A critical issue in AODS service design is the optimization of travel paths, for which realistic traffic network assignment combined with optimal routing offers a viable solution. In this study, we have designed an AODS controller that integrates a mesoscopic simulation-based dynamic traffic assignment model with a greedy insertion heuristics approach to optimize the travel routes of the shuttles. The controller also considers the charging infrastructure/strategies and the impact of the shuttles on regular traffic flow for routes and fleet-size planning. The controller is implemented in Aimsun traffic simulator considering Lake Nona in Orlando, Florida as a case study. We show that, under the present demand based on 1% of total trips as transit riders, a fleet of 3 autonomous shuttles can serve about 80% of FMLM trip requests on-demand basis with an average waiting time below 4 minutes. Additional power sources have significant effect on service quality as the inactive waiting time for charging would increase the fleet size. We also show that low-speed autonomous shuttles would have negligible impact on regular vehicle flow, making them suitable for suburban areas. These findings have important implications for sustainable urban planning and public transit operations., Comment: 25 Pages, 13 Figures, 1 Table
- Published
- 2024
39. Imaging strain-controlled magnetic reversal in thin CrSBr
- Author
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Bagani, Kousik, Vervelaki, Andriani, Jetter, Daniel, Devarakonda, Aravind, Tschudin, Märta A., Gross, Boris, Chica, Daniel G., Broadway, David A., Dean, Cory R., Roy, Xavier, Maletinsky, Patrick, and Poggio, Martino
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
Two-dimensional materials are extraordinarily sensitive to external stimuli, making them ideal for studying fundamental properties and for engineering devices with new functionalities. One such stimulus, strain, affects the magnetic properties of the layered magnetic semiconductor CrSBr to such a degree that it can induce a reversible antiferromagnetic-to-ferromagnetic phase transition. Given the pervasiveness of non-uniform strain in exfoliated two-dimensional magnets, it is crucial to understand its impact on their magnetic behavior. Using scanning SQUID-on-lever microscopy, we directly image the effects of spatially inhomogeneous strain on the magnetization of layered CrSBr as it is polarized by a field applied along its easy axis. The evolution of this magnetization and the formation of domains is reproduced by a micromagnetic model, which incorporates the spatially varying strain and the corresponding changes in the local interlayer exchange stiffness. The observed sensitivity to small strain gradients along with similar images of a nominally unstrained CrSBr sample suggest that unintentional strain inhomogeneity influences the magnetic behavior of exfoliated samples and must be considered in the design of future devices., Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 supplementary section
- Published
- 2024
40. Assessing the Role of Lexical Semantics in Cross-lingual Transfer through Controlled Manipulations
- Author
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Ilani, Roy, Karidi, Taelin, and Abend, Omri
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
While cross-linguistic model transfer is effective in many settings, there is still limited understanding of the conditions under which it works. In this paper, we focus on assessing the role of lexical semantics in cross-lingual transfer, as we compare its impact to that of other language properties. Examining each language property individually, we systematically analyze how differences between English and a target language influence the capacity to align the language with an English pretrained representation space. We do so by artificially manipulating the English sentences in ways that mimic specific characteristics of the target language, and reporting the effect of each manipulation on the quality of alignment with the representation space. We show that while properties such as the script or word order only have a limited impact on alignment quality, the degree of lexical matching between the two languages, which we define using a measure of translation entropy, greatly affects it.
- Published
- 2024
41. An FONLL prescription with coexisting flavor number PDFs
- Author
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Barontini, Andrea, Candido, Alessandro, Hekhorn, Felix, Magni, Giacomo, and Stegeman, Roy
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
We present a new prescription to account for heavy quark mass effects in the determination of parton distribution functions (PDFs) based on the FONLL scheme. Our prescription makes explicit use of the freedom to choose the number of active flavors at a given scale and, thus, use coexisting PDFs with different active flavor number. This new prescription is perturbatively equivalent to the former but improves the implementation in two ways. First, it can be naturally generalized to account simultaneously for multiple heavy quark effects, such as charm and bottom effects, which can both be relevant at the same scale due to the small mass difference. Second, it can be trivially generalized to use at any fixed-order or collinear resummed accuracy, while previous prescriptions required ad-hoc expansions of the DGLAP evolution kernels for each coefficient. We supplement the paper with codes for the computation of deep inelastic scattering observables in this new prescription., Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures
- Published
- 2024
42. Physics Informed Deep Learning for Strain Gradient Continuum Plasticity
- Author
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Tyagi, Ankit, Suman, Uttam, Mamajiwala, Mariya, and Roy, Debasish
- Subjects
Mathematics - Dynamical Systems ,Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ,Statistics - Machine Learning - Abstract
We use a space-time discretization based on physics informed deep learning (PIDL) to approximate solutions of a class of rate-dependent strain gradient plasticity models. The differential equation governing the plastic flow, the so-called microforce balance for this class of yield-free plasticity models, is very stiff, often leading to numerical corruption and a consequent lack of accuracy or convergence by finite element (FE) methods. Indeed, setting up the discretized framework, especially with an elaborate meshing around the propagating plastic bands whose locations are often unknown a-priori, also scales up the computational effort significantly. Taking inspiration from physics informed neural networks, we modify the loss function of a PIDL model in several novel ways to account for the balance laws, either through energetics or via the resulting PDEs once a variational scheme is applied, and the constitutive equations. The initial and the boundary conditions may either be imposed strictly by encoding them within the PIDL architecture, or enforced weakly as a part of the loss function. The flexibility in the implementation of a PIDL technique often makes for its ready interface with powerful optimization schemes, and this in turn provides for many possibilities in posing the problem. We have used freely available open-source libraries that perform fast, parallel computations on GPUs. Using numerical illustrations, we demonstrate how PIDL methods could address the computational challenges posed by strain gradient plasticity models. Also, PIDL methods offer abundant potentialities, vis-\'a-vis a somewhat straitjacketed and poorer approximant of FE methods, in customizing the formulation as per the problem objective.
- Published
- 2024
43. Unlocking Efficiency: Adaptive Masking for Gene Transformer Models
- Author
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Roy, Soumyadeep, Sural, Shamik, and Ganguly, Niloy
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
Gene transformer models such as Nucleotide Transformer, DNABert, and LOGO are trained to learn optimal gene sequence representations by using the Masked Language Modeling (MLM) training objective over the complete Human Reference Genome. However, the typical tokenization methods employ a basic sliding window of tokens, such as k-mers, that fail to utilize gene-centric semantics. This could result in the (trivial) masking of easily predictable sequences, leading to inefficient MLM training. Time-variant training strategies are known to improve pretraining efficiency in both language and vision tasks. In this work, we focus on using curriculum masking where we systematically increase the difficulty of masked token prediction task by using a Pointwise Mutual Information-based difficulty criterion, as gene sequences lack well-defined semantic units similar to words or sentences of NLP domain. Our proposed Curriculum Masking-based Gene Masking Strategy (CM-GEMS) demonstrates superior representation learning capabilities compared to baseline masking approaches when evaluated on downstream gene sequence classification tasks. We perform extensive evaluation in both few-shot (five datasets) and full dataset settings (Genomic Understanding Evaluation benchmark consisting of 27 tasks). Our findings reveal that CM-GEMS outperforms state-of-the-art models (DNABert-2, Nucleotide transformer, DNABert) trained at 120K steps, achieving similar results in just 10K and 1K steps. We also demonstrate that Curriculum-Learned LOGO (a 2-layer DNABert-like model) can achieve nearly 90% of the state-of-the-art model performance of 120K steps. We will make the models and codes publicly available at https://github.com/roysoumya/curriculum-GeneMask., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication at the 27th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI 2024)
- Published
- 2024
44. Search for baryon junctions in e+A collisions at the Electron Ion Collider
- Author
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Magdy, Niseem, Deshpande, Abhay, Lacey, Roy, Li, Wenliang, Tribedy, Prithwish, and Xu, Zhangbu
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Nuclear Experiment ,Nuclear Theory - Abstract
Constituent quarks in a nucleon are the essential elements in the standard ``quark model" associated with the electric charge, spin, mass, and baryon number of a nucleon. Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) describes nucleon as a composite object containing current quarks (valence quarks and sea (anti-)quarks) and gluons. These subatomic elements and their interactions are known to contribute in complex ways to the overall nucleon spin and mass. In the early development of QCD theory in the 1970s, an alternative hypothesis postulated that the baryon number might manifest itself through a non-perturbative configuration of gluon fields forming a Y-shaped topology known as the gluon junction. In this work, we propose to test such hypothesis by measuring (i) the Regge intercept of the net-baryon distributions for $e$+($p$)Au collisions, (ii) baryon and charge transport in the isobaric ratio between $e$+Ru and $e$+Zr collisions, and (iii) target flavor dependence of proton and antiproton yields at large rapidity, transported from the hydrogen and deuterium targets in $e+p$(d) collisions. Our study indicates that these measurements at the EIC can help determine what carries the baryon number., Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, submitted for publication
- Published
- 2024
45. Quiet Please: Detrending Radial Velocity Variations from Stellar Activity with a Physically Motivated Spot Model
- Author
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Siegel, Jared C., Halverson, Samuel, Luhn, Jacob K., Zhao, Lily L., Moulla, Khaled Al, Robertson, Paul, Bender, Chad F., Terrien, Ryan C., Roy, Arpita, Mahadevan, Suvrath, Hearty, Fred, Ninan, Joe P., Wright, Jason T., Ford, Eric B., Schwab, Christian, Stefánsson, Guðmundur, Blake, Cullen H., and McElwain, Michael W.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
For solar-type stars, spots and their associated magnetic regions induce radial velocity perturbations through the Doppler rotation signal and the suppression of convective blueshift -- collectively known as rotation-modulation. We developed the Rotation-Convection (RC) model: a method of detrending and characterizing rotation-modulation, using only cross-correlation functions or 1-dimensional spectra, without the need for continuous high cadence measurements. The RC method uses a simple model for the anomalous radial velocity induced by an active region and has two inputs: stellar flux (or a flux proxy) and the relative radial velocity between strongly and weakly absorbed wavelengths (analogous to the bisector-inverse slope). On NEID solar data (three month baseline), the RC model lowers the amplitude of rotationally-modulated stellar activity to below the meter-per-second level. For the standard star HD 26965, the RC model detrends the activity signal to the meter-per-second level for HARPS, EXPRES, and NEID observations, even though the temporal density and timespan of the observations differs by an order of magnitude between the three datasets. In addition to detrending, the RC model also characterizes the rotation-modulation signal. From comparison with the Solar Dynamics Observatory, we confirmed that the model accurately recovers and separates the rotation and convection radial velocity components. We also mapped the amplitude of the rotation and convection perturbations as a function of height within the stellar atmosphere. Probing stellar atmospheres with our revised spot model will fuel future innovations in stellar activity mitigation, enabling robust exoplanet detection., Comment: Accepted to AJ, 22 pages, 9 figures
- Published
- 2024
46. Design and architecture of the IBM Quantum Engine Compiler
- Author
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Healy, Michael B., Jokar, Reza, Thomas, Soolu, Pascuzzi, Vincent R., Barton, Kit, Alexander, Thomas A., Elkabetz, Roy, Donovan, Brian C., Horii, Hiroshi, and Hillenbrand, Marius
- Subjects
Quantum Physics ,Computer Science - Emerging Technologies - Abstract
In this work, we describe the design and architecture of the open-source Quantum Engine Compiler (qe-compiler) currently used in production for IBM Quantum systems. The qe-compiler is built using LLVM's Multi-Level Intermediate Representation (MLIR) framework and includes definitions for several dialects to represent parameterized quantum computation at multiple levels of abstraction. The compiler also provides Python bindings and a diagnostic system. An open-source LALR lexer and parser built using Bison and Flex generates an Abstract Syntax Tree that is translated to a high-level MLIR dialect. An extensible hierarchical target system for modeling the heterogeneous nature of control systems at compilation time is included. Target-based and generic compilation passes are added using a pipeline interface to translate the input down to low-level intermediate representations (including LLVM IR) and can take advantage of LLVM backends and tooling to generate machine executable binaries. The qe-compiler is built to be extensible, maintainable, performant, and scalable to support the future of quantum computing., Comment: To be published in the proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering 2024 (QCE24)
- Published
- 2024
47. Quantized Redshift and its significance for recent observations
- Author
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Mal, Arindam, Palit, Sarbani, Fulton, Christopher C., and Roy, Sisir
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
With the recent observational evidence in extra galactic astronomy, the interpretation of the nature of quasar redshift continues to be a research interest. Very high redshifts are being detected for extragalactic objects that are presumably very distant and young while also exhibiting properties that are characteristic of a more mature galaxy such as ours. According to Halton Arp and Geoffrey Burbidge, redshift disparities consist of an intrinsic component and are related to an evolutionary process. Karlsson observed redshift periodicity at integer multiples of 0.089 in log scale and Burbidge observed redshift periodicity at integer multiples of 0.061 in linear scale. Since Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) based periodicity estimation is known to be superior for noisy data sets, especially when the data contains multiple harmonics and overtones, mainly irregular in nature, we have chosen it to be our primary tool for analysis of the quasar-galaxy pair redshift data. We have observed a fundamental periodicity of 0.051 with a confidence interval of 95% in linear scale with the site-available Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 7 (SDSS DR7) quasar-galaxy pair data set. We have independently generated quasar-galaxy pair data sets from both 2dF and SDSS and found fundamental periodicities of 0.077 and 0.089 in log scale with a confidence interval of 95%., Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Published in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2206.11897
- Published
- 2024
48. Massive fields in AdS from Constructive Holography
- Author
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Koch, Robert de Mello, Roy, Pratik, and Van Zyl, Hendrik J. R.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
Collective field theory offers a constructive framework for exploring the AdS/CFT duality. In this article, we focus on constructing rotations within the light-front quantized collective field theory for the full set of spatial coordinates in the dual bulk AdS spacetime. Two intricate aspects require attention: how rotations involving the emergent holographic coordinate are implemented, and how rotations that involve the spatial coordinates participating in the construction of the light-cone coordinates $X^{\pm}$ are realized. Our construction is in agreement with Metsaev's construction directly in the gravity theory. Additionally, we derive the eigenfunctions of the AdS mass operator, which dictate the GKPW rule for the emergent higher-dimensional theory., Comment: 25+1 pages
- Published
- 2024
49. Generative Design of Multimodal Soft Pneumatic Actuators
- Author
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Ghosh, Saswath and Roy, Sitikantha
- Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics - Abstract
The recent advancements in machine learning techniques have steered us towards the data-driven design of products. Motivated by this objective, the present study proposes an automated design methodology that employs data-driven methods to generate new designs of soft actuators. One of the bottlenecks in the data-driven automated design process is having publicly available data to train the model. Due to its unavailability, a synthetic data set of soft pneumatic network (Pneu-net) actuators has been created. The parametric design data set for the training of the generative model is created using data augmentation. Next, the Gaussian mixture model has been applied to generate novel parametric designs of Pneu-net actuators. The distance-based metric defines the novelty and diversity of the generated designs. In addition, it is noteworthy that the model has the potential to generate a multimodal Pneu-net actuator that could perform in-plane bending and out-of-plane twisting. Later, the novel design is passed through finite element analysis to evaluate the quality of the generated design. Moreover, the trajectory of each category of Pneu-net actuators evaluates the performance of the generated Pneu-net actuators and emphasizes the necessity of multimodal actuation. The proposed model could accelerate the design of new soft robots by selecting a soft actuator from the developed novel pool of soft actuators.
- Published
- 2024
50. Approximate ADCs for In-Memory Computing
- Author
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Ghosh, Arkapravo, Sadana, Hemkar Reddy, Debnath, Mukut, Maji, Panthadip, Negi, Shubham, Gupta, Sumeet, Sharad, Mrigank, and Roy, Kaushik
- Subjects
Computer Science - Emerging Technologies ,Computer Science - Hardware Architecture ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing - Abstract
In memory computing (IMC) architectures for deep learning (DL) accelerators leverage energy-efficient and highly parallel matrix vector multiplication (MVM) operations, implemented directly in memory arrays. Such IMC designs have been explored based on CMOS as well as emerging non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies like RRAM. IMC architectures generally involve a large number of cores consisting of memory arrays, storing the trained weights of the DL model. Peripheral units like DACs and ADCs are also used for applying inputs and reading out the output values. Recently reported designs reveal that the ADCs required for reading out the MVM results, consume more than 85% of the total compute power and also dominate the area, thereby eschewing the benefits of the IMC scheme. Mitigation of imperfections in the ADCs, namely, non-linearity and variations, incur significant design overheads, due to dedicated calibration units. In this work we present peripheral aware design of IMC cores, to mitigate such overheads. It involves incorporating the non-idealities of ADCs in the training of the DL models, along with that of the memory units. The proposed approach applies equally well to both current mode as well as charge mode MVM operations demonstrated in recent years., and can significantly simplify the design of mixed-signal IMC units.
- Published
- 2024
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