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In recent times, there has been a growing exploration of transition metal complexes as potential solutions for significant health challenges, including tuberculosis, microbes infection, and inflammation. Therefore, in our ongoing effort to identify biologically effective agents, Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) metal complexes of H2L1–H2L2 hydrazone ligands were synthesized. The structural features of synthesized compounds were recognized by employing several techniques such as FT‐IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, powder x‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV‐Vis, ESR, TG‐DTA, mass spectrometry, and molar conductance measurements. The bonding of ligands via Ophenolic, Oenolic, and Nazomethine donor atoms and the attachment of the three water molecules with metal ion to form the octahedral structure of complexes were corroborated by different spectroscopic techniques. The anti‐tuberculosis, antimicrobial, and anti‐inflammatory activities of the synthesized compounds were assessed using the microplate alamar blue assay, serial dilution, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) methods, respectively, and highlighted the more potency of the complexes than ligands. The synthesized Cu(II) (9) and Zn(II) (10) metal complexes exhibited excellent ability to inhibit the growth of H37Rv strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in comparison to standard drug streptomycin. The Cu(II) (6 and 9) and Zn(II) (10) complexes showed superb ability as antimicrobial agents, whereas Cu(II) (5) and Zn(II) (6) complexes exhibited significant anti‐inflammatory ability. The in vitro findings on the antituberculosis activity were reinforced by a significant molecular docking study, which has become a crucial component of computational research utilizing the enzyme Mtb Pks13 thioesterase domain of M. tuberculosis. Additionally, in this research work, the absorption–distribution–metabolism–excretion–toxicity (ADMET) study sparked the compounds' drug‐like behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanostructured boron-doped diamond (BDD) offers a sizeable ion-accessible area, high mechanical robustness, and high electrical conductivity, and could be a suitable electrode for high-performance electrochemical (EC) supercapacitors. Herein, two morphological BDD films, namely, boron-doped microcrystalline diamond (BMCD) and boron-doped ultra-nanocrystalline diamond (BUNCD), are employed for nanostructuring. The diamond nanopillars are fabricated via the Au mask-assisted reactive ion etching (RIE) method. The nanostructured samples of BMCD and BUNCD are termed BMCDN and BUNCDN. The Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements of these nanostructured samples confirm the presence of sp2 in sp3-bonded carbon, which combine to offer good EC activity of sp2 and exceptional stability of sp3 carbon. These nanostructured BDD samples with enhanced surface area are utilized as electrode materials to construct an electric double-layer capacitor and pseudocapacitor. In 1 M Na2SO4 solution, the maximum specific capacitance of BMCDN is found to be 0.0852 mF cm−2, whereas, for BUNCDN the value is 0.0784 mF cm−2. The electrochemical analysis of these samples shows they exhibit superior electron transfer kinetics with 80% capacitance retention after 2000 cycles, which indicates the suitable utilization of these nanostructured samples as electrodes in EC supercapacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in developed countries, contributing to ∼24% of cases worldwide and includes non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. NAFLD is characterized by lipid accumulation rather than alcohol consumption. There are several diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for NAFLD including CK-18, ALT, AST, GGT, and haptoglobin, but with limited sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, high-throughput OMICS approaches have been used to characterize NAFLD conditions for the identification of potential molecular signatures or differentially regulated molecules (DEMs) and early detection of NAFLD. Methods: We analyzed the publically available data set (accession number: GSE63067) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) using the GEO2R program. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered using the criteria where genes with p-value ≤0.05 and fold-change ≥2.0-fold (upregulated), and fold-change ≤0.5-fold (downregulated). Results: We identified 264 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between NAFLD and normal liver tissue samples, where 211 were upregulated and 53 were downregulated in NAFLD. Additionally, we identified novel genes SGMS2, and WNK3 that were not well understood in the molecular pathophysiology of NAFLD. Further gene ontology-based analysis revealed that among biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions were also dysregulated in NAFLD. Collectively, this integration of a systemic-cum-meta-analysis approach suggests that an OMICS-based analysis may provide better solutions if microarray and other high-throughput study-based DEMs are to be cataloged systematically for sharing with the scientific community. This will allow potential candidates (DEMs) to be interrogated either alone or in combination with existing biomarkers for effective early detection and or diagnosis of NAFLD. Conclusions: Our study shows that meta-analysis of publicly available data could be a good source for identification of DEGs in NAFLD, and it can be easily extrapolated in other disease conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Correction for 'Vertically aligned boron-doped diamond nanostructures as highly efficient electrodes for electrochemical supercapacitors' by Shradha Suman et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3TA07728D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]