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Control beliefs are adaptive for athletes coping with significant obstacles to sport. Our study tested whether the effects of setback-related primary (PC) and secondary control (SC) on adaptive sport-related outcomes were mediated via setback rumination in collegiate athletes. We recruited 200 collegiate athletes using Prolific, from both Canada and the United States of America (Mage = 22.3 years; 125 women, 69 men, five nonbinary individuals, and one nonresponse). We used structural equation modelling to test direct paths from Time 1 PC and SC and rumination to Time 2 competition anxiety and sport commitment and test indirect paths of PC and SC to the outcomes through rumination. Findings revealed PC directly increased sport commitment, and through higher rumination, PC predicted higher competition anxiety. Athletes' SC predicted lower competition anxiety via lower rumination. We discuss the implications of these findings for athletes managing significant sport setbacks and for sport personnel supporting athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Psychological concerns, such as athlete burnout and diminished well-being, have become a more recognized problem among collegiate student-athletes due to substantial demands. The purpose of this study was to determine if (1) an association exists between athlete burnout and well-being in female collegiate student-athletes and (2) social support has a main or buffering-effect on well-being and athlete burnout. Design: Cross-sectional. Methods: 174 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I female collegiate student-athletes were recruited from a single institution to participate. A web-based survey was distributed via Qualtrics during the middle of an academic semester. The following scales were utilized to evaluate social support, athlete burnout, and well-being: Perceived Available Support in Sport Questionnaire, Athlete Burnout Questionnaire, and Warwick Edinburgh Metal Well-Being Scale. Results: Correlation analyses presented a significant negative, moderate correlation (r = −.58, P <.001) between athlete burnout and well-being as well as between social support and athlete burnout (r = −.526, P <.001). A moderate, positive correlation was identified between social support and well-being (r =.604, P <.001). Social support was a significant predictor for reduced sense of accomplishment (F1,172 = 68.32, P <.001), physical and emotional exhaustion (F1,172 = 22.00, P <.001), sport devaluation (F1,172 = 56.51, P <.001), and well-being (F1,172 = 115.3, P <.001). Conclusion: Findings provide new information on theory-based considerations for reducing athlete burnout and improving well-being in female collegiate student-athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of higher education, generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has become a revolutionary influence, shaping how students access and use library resources. This study explores the intricate balance of both positive and negative effects that GenAI might have on the academic library experience for higher education (HE) students. The key aspects of enhanced discovery and retrieval, personalization and engagement, streamlined research processes, and digital literacy and information evaluation potentially offered through using generative AI will be considered. These prospective advantages to HE students offered by using GenAI will be examined through will be examined through the theoretical framework of the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM) introduced by Davis et al. in 1986, which suggests that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are key factors in determining user acceptance and utilization of technology. The adoption of GenAI by higher education students will be analyzed from this viewpoint before assessing its impact on their use of library resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine whether caffeine gum influenced perceptual-cognitive and physical performance during the extra-time period of simulated soccer match-play. Semiprofessional male soccer players (n = 12, age: 22 ± 3 years, stature: 1.78 ± 0.06 m, mass: 75 ± 9 kg) performed 120-min soccer-specific exercise on two occasions. In a triple-blind, randomized, crossover design, players chewed caffeinated (200 mg; caffeine) or control (0 mg; placebo) gum for 5 min following 90 min of soccer-specific exercise. Perceptual-cognitive skills (i.e., passing accuracy, reaction time, composure, and adaptability) were assessed using a soccer-specific virtual reality simulator, collected pre- and posttrial. Neuromuscular performance (reactive-strength index, vertical jump height, absolute and relative peak power output, and negative vertical displacement) and sprint performance (15 and 30 m) were measured at pretrial, half-time, 90 min, and posttrial. Caffeine gum attenuated declines in reaction time (pre: 90.8 ± 0.8 AU to post: 90.7 ± 0.8 AU) by a further 4.2% than placebo (pre: 92.1 ± 0.8 AU to post: 88.2 ± 0.8 AU; p <.01). Caffeine gum reduced composure by 4.7% (pre: 69.1 ± 0.8 AU to post: 65.9 ± 0.8 AU) versus placebo (pre: 68.8 ± 0.8 AU to post: 68.3 ± 0.8 AU; p <.01). Caffeine gum did not influence any other variables (p >.05). Where caffeine gum is consumed by players prior to extra-time, reaction time increases but composure may be compromised, and neuromuscular and sprint performance remain unchanged. Future work should assess caffeine gum mixes with substances like L-theanine that promote a relaxed state under stressful conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building on an inductive, qualitative study of employees who experienced grief-inducing events such as bereavement or breakup, this paper explores how and with what consequences work becomes a refuge from grief-inducing experiences in people's lives. Using the results of 68 in-depth interviews, I develop an inductive model that shows that grieving employees not only find refuge in work but can also turn their work into a refuge for themselves. In particular, the model explicates how people turn work into a refuge by engaging in job crafting behavior. I also show perceived consequences of this process that occur in both work and life domains. Such consequences tend to be positive, yet those who work significantly harder also experience negative consequences. This paper advances theorizing on grief in organizations and job crafting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare the effect of taper, length, angle, and number of vertical axial walls on the retentive strength of a cemented crown on a partially customized hybrid abutment in the esthetic zone. Materials and Methods: A total of 35 metal copings were used and divided into two groups. One group had 30 copings cemented to their corresponding 8-degree tapered abutment with lengths from 3 to 8 mm, increasing in 1-mm increments (5 copings per length). The other group had the remaining 5 copings and consisted of a standardized metal coping that matched a hexagonal abutment with 3-mm vertical axial walls and the sequential removal of 1, 2, and 3 contiguous vertical axial walls. Dislodgment tests were performed for all copings in both groups. Maximum retentive forces were measured in retentive strength (kgF), with a conversion factor of 9.807 N = 1 kgF. Results: At each tapered abutment length, the retentive strength increased proportionally and was significantly different, ranging from 31.67 ± 4.10 kgF to 67.68 ± 11.22 kgF (F [5,24] = 20.46, P < .001). An unmodified hexagonal abutment demonstrated the highest retentive strength (70.15 ± 12.97 kgF). The sequential removal of 1, 2, and 3 contiguous vertical axial walls of the hexagonal abutment resulted in retentive strength values of 59.89 ± 10.06 kgF, 57.01 ± 9.62 kgF, and 55.99 ± 9.35 kgF, respectively, with no significant difference (P > .05) in strength. Conclusions: A partially customized abutment with vertical axial walls on one side and a profile reduction on the opposite side can provide comparable retention to cemented copings at one-third the length and at one-sixth the surface area of an 8-mm abutment with an 8-degree taper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employers face many dilemmas in effectively implementing work–life flexibility to support employees' personal lives. A key issue is that some employees hold jobs with limited opportunities for work–life flexibility, making them susceptible to burnout; yet most employers believe they can do little to mitigate this dynamic. Furthermore, even when employees hold jobs with greater access to work–life flexibility, some do not take advantage of their flexibility to more fully engage in work and/or home roles. These issues are further exacerbated when supervisors are unsure of their role in supporting work–life flexibility. We identify work–life supportive context as a key factor that provides solutions to these dilemmas. Drawing on job demands resources theory, we posit that, when organizations provide work–life supportive training to supervisors, it promotes a work–life supportive context (i.e., signaling that the organization is supportive of employees' managing their work–life interface), which mitigates burnout for those with limited work–life flexibility and promotes engagement in work and home roles for those with greater work–life flexibility. Results from a year‐long randomized field experiment suggest that, in contexts with trained supervisors and lower employee control over work schedules and boundaries (i.e., lower work–life flexibility), emotional exhaustion is reduced. In contexts with trained supervisors and higher employee control over work boundaries (i.e., higher work–life flexibility), family engagement increases. Surprisingly, irrespective of job access to work‐life flexibility, supervisor participation in work–life support training did not enhance employee work engagement. Implications of our findings for fostering work–life supportive contexts are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study compared the effects of individualizing supramaximal interval rowing interventions using anaerobic power reserve (APR [high-intensity interval training (HIIT) prescribed according to individual APR (HIITAPR)]) and power associated with maximal oxygen uptake ( W V ˙ O 2 max [HIIT prescribed based on the individual W V ˙ O 2 max (HIITW)]) on the homogeneity of physiological and performance adaptations. Methods: Twenty-four well-trained rowers (age 24.8 [4.3] y, stature 182.5 [3] cm, body mass 86.1 [4.3]) were randomized into interventions consisting of 4 × 30-second intervals at 130%APR ( W V ˙ O 2 max + 0.3 × maximal sprint power) with weekly progression by increasing the number of repetitions per set (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, from first to sixth session) and the same sets and repetitions with the intensity described as 130% W V ˙ O 2 max. The work-to-recovery ratio was 1:1 for repetitions and 3 minutes between sets. Responses of aerobic fitness indices, power output, cardiac hemodynamics, locomotor abilities, and time-trial performance were examined. Results: Both HIITAPR and HIITW interventions significantly improved V ˙ O 2 max , lactate threshold, cardiac hemodynamics, and 2000-m performance, with no between-groups difference in changes over time. However, HIITAPR resulted in a lower interindividual variability in adaptations in V ˙ O 2 max and related physiological parameters, but this is not the case for athletic performance, which can depend on a multitude of factors beyond physiological parameters. Conclusions: Results demonstrated that expressing supramaximal interval intensity as a proportion of APR facilitates imposing the same degrees of homeostatic stress and leads to more homogeneous physiological adaptations in maximal variables when compared to prescribing a supramaximal HIIT intervention using W V ˙ O 2 max. However, lower interindividual variability would be seen in submaximal variables if HIIT interventions were prescribed using W V ˙ O 2 max. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reduce the spread of COVID-19, in March of 2020, the state of Virginia issued a stay-at-home order requiring fitness center closures for 2.4 months. The purpose of this study was to explore how the fitness center closures influenced physical activity (PA) in older adults who previously participated in the centers' exercise classes. Eleven older adults (69.0 ± 6.6 years) completed semistructured interviews, which were transcribed and analyzed to identify emergent themes. Ten participants reported engaging in PA during the stay-at-home order; four participants maintained/increased PA compared to prepandemic levels. Four themes emerged regarding PA are as follows: recognition of the value of PA, high self-efficacy in regard to PA, adaptation to circumstances, and functional limitations. Findings suggest that prior exercise class participation positively influenced PA. While most participants did not maintain prepandemic PA levels, they remained active because they recognized the benefits of PA, had high self-efficacy for exercise, and adapted to their circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a very long period of time gratitude has been mainly studied because of its positive link with personal psychological adaptation and well-being. However, gratitude does not simply enrich the individual, but it also plays a key role in the wider context where the person lives, by for example promoting prosocial behaviors and enhancing reciprocity. The current study considered the moderating role of sex and age in the association between gratitude and social generativity. We involved a sample of 237 Italian young adults aged 18–29 (Mage = 22.98, SD = 2.20; 62% females), who were asked to fill in a self-report questionnaire aimed at measuring the mentioned constructs. The moderation model carried out confirmed that the gratitude-social generativity association was significant and positive only for the female subsample, while age was not found to moderate this link. Gratitude is therefore a positive lens through which young adults may regard their relationships, thus enhancing their social generativity, but this appears to be true only for females. Implications and further expansions of the study are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current study, we examine associations between exposure to violence and antiretroviral medication adherence in persons with HIV (PWH) in a southern city in the United States. We include investigation of a variety of violence exposures including childhood sexual abuse, physical abuse, witnessing family violence, lifetime violence exposures and current stress related to violence experiences, as well as neighborhood violence exposure. We examined associations between violence exposures and adherence and mediational pathways between these variables including mental health symptoms – specifically depressive, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms – as well as coping strategies. Results suggest that physical abuse in childhood was associated with ART non-adherence, no other reported violence experiences were associated with adherence. Of the mediational paths analyzed between violence and ART adherence, only coping with substance use was significant. In post hoc analyses, we examined the mental health symptoms of depression, PTSD and anxiety as mediators between violence exposures and substance use coping. Depressive symptoms were the only significant mediational pathway. Implications for interventions to address histories of violence, depressive symptoms, coping with substance use and adherence are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proper adaptation of banking mobile applications to the needs of people with disabilities can play a crucial role in minimising the financial exclusion. The article examines selected mobile banking applications of four Polish banks in the context of their adaptation to the needs of consumers with disabilities. The project used a descriptive case study method based on analytical induction, and observation was carried out for six months. The analysis of the application was conducted in two parts: the adaptation of interfaces and functionalities to the preferences of people with disabilities in terms of readability, the efficiency of the application, and comprehensibility of the form of information transfer, and other accessible functionalities within the analysed applications that meet the needs of people with disabilities. The study's results indicate the strengths of the accessibility of the analysed mobile applications as well as their limitations in enhancing independent living for people with disabilities. Points of interest: Smartphones and mobile apps are becoming an inseparable part of the everyday life of consumers all over the world. The paper examines the design of modern banking apps in Poland in the context of their adaptation to the needs of consumers with disabilities. While the tested mobile applications meet many criteria of accessibility, there is room for improvement. The study indicates that further guidelines are needed to improve the usability and accessibility of banking apps and help conduct further consumer research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are inconsistent reports on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated social restrictions on mental health, with initial suggestions of an increased prevalence of mental disorders in South Africa. However, the longitudinal trajectories of mental health responses across the COVID-19 pandemic are not clear. The primary aim of this study was to describe the trajectories of self-reported common mental disorders, as determined by repeat administration of clinical screening tools across five consecutive years (from 2019 to 2023). A secondary aim was to consider associations with demographic factors such as gender and age. Point prevalence estimates were obtained from a South African occupational mental health surveillance programme in a stable workplace population. Trajectories of common mental disorders across COVID-19 were determined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 to identify Major Depressive Disorder and Generalised Anxiety Disorder, respectively. Prevalence estimates for depression and anxiety disorders initially remained stable before increasing towards mid-2021 and returning to pre-COVID-19 estimates by end-2022. Suicidal ideation decreased early into the pandemic but returned to pre-COVID-19 levels by 2021. The study suggests that on a practical level, readily available access to mental health care remains an important mechanism to protect mental health during and after major societal disruptor events. This can further be supported through regular monitoring and through providing high-intensity early intervention for at least 18 to 24 months following such events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the digital economy, one of the most important issues facing business managers is how to improve digital performance. However, the extant studies exploring this problem are quite limited. Based on information processing theory, this paper proposes a research model to investigate the relationship between employee resilience and digital performance, and the moderating role of enterprise social media usage. According to the analysis of data from 277 employees, this study finds that: (1) employee resilience has a positive effect on employee cognitive flexibility; (2) employee cognitive flexibility can positively influence digital performance, and the effect of employee cognitive flexibility on digital-enabled innovative performance is larger than the effect of employee cognitive flexibility on digital-enabled task performance; (3) both work-related social media usage and social-related social media usage exert a positive moderating effect between employee resilience and employee cognitive flexibility. The findings can help deepen the understanding of the relationship between employee resilience, employee cognitive flexibility, and digital performance, and give business managers suggestions on using enterprise social media to improve digital performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study investigated the longitudinal association between coping ability and depressive symptoms from before to during and after the COVID-19 pandemic and whether engagement in meaningful activities plays a mediating role in this association. Method: Individuals aged 75, 80, and 85 years (n = 1021) were interviewed in 2017–2018 (T1, pre-pandemic). Of these persons, 608 were interviewed in 2020 (T2, first wave) and 2021–2022 (T3, partly post-pandemic). Coping ability, depressive symptoms, and engagement in meaningful activities were assessed using the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and 17-item activity subscore of the University of Jyväskylä Active Aging Scale, respectively. Structural equation modeling was used for the mediation analyses. Results: Higher coping ability was associated with decreased depressive symptoms, partly mediated by higher activity scores between T1 and T2. From T2 to T3, higher coping ability reduced the depressive symptoms, but the activity scores did not mediate the changes during this period. Conclusion: Good coping ability may help older people sustain good mental well-being. With good coping ability, active engagement in meaningful activities contributed to the low level of depressiveness during the early phases of the pandemic, when many social activities were restricted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Trigger warnings do not reduce emotional impact of viewing upsetting content. • Therapeutically consistent trigger-warning messaging does not improve effectiveness. • Trigger warnings do not reduce distress among certain vulnerable groups. A growing body of research suggests that trigger warnings do not actually reduce distress in those viewing emotionally provocative stimuli and may at times even worsen it. However, little is known regarding the potential benefits of modifying trigger-warning language so that it employs therapeutically consistent messaging to encourage adaptive coping. The current study explored whether a modified trigger warning might be more effective than a traditional trigger warning in reducing participants' negative affect (NA) when exposed to distressing content. University students (N = 606) participated in an online study and were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: traditional trigger warning, modified trigger warning, or a no-warning control group. NA was measured before and after display of two emotionally provocative stimuli (one article and one video). Anxiety sensitivity (AS) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) were also measured to assess whether these preexisting individual vulnerabilities might moderate participants' responses to the different messages. Although the carefully pilot-tested stimuli were successful in increasing NA, there was no significant effect of trigger-warning condition, despite ample statistical power. AS and PTSS were associated with higher overall levels of NA but did not interact with study condition. These results add to the growing body of literature suggesting trigger warnings (whether traditional or modified) do not succeed in their goal of reducing the distress elicited by emotionally provocative content, including among vulnerable individuals. Alternative approaches to traditional trigger warnings are considered that may help individuals cope adaptively with potentially distressing material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual minority youth experience disproportionate rates of mental health symptomatology relative to their heterosexual peers. Less is known about why these disparities have persisted despite growing public awareness of sexual diversity. The developmental collision hypothesis states that increased cultural visibility of sexual diversity has accelerated the developmental timing of sexual minority identity formation processes such that they collide with early adolescence, a uniquely sensitive period for experiencing identity-based stigma and associated mental health vulnerability. To test this hypothesis, levels and relations between ages of sexual minority identity development milestones, frequency of LGBT-related victimization, and depressive symptoms were examined across three age-matched but cohort-distinct samples of sexual minority adolescents. Data come from three secondary datasets of sexual minority youth who were adolescents in the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s, respectively: the Challenges and Coping Study, the Victimization and Mental Health among High Risk Youths Study, and the Risk and Protective Factors for Suicide among Sexual Minority Youth Study (n = 1312; Mage = 17.34, SD = 1.30; 52% female). Adolescents from more recent cohorts reported earlier mean ages of several milestones but similar frequencies of LGBT-related victimization relative to those from less recent cohorts. Path analysis models showed that earlier milestones were associated indirectly with more depressive symptoms through LGBT-related victimization. Notably, earlier ages of self-identification and disclosure of a sexual minority identity were also directly related to less depressive symptoms. Few generational differences in relations between constructs emerged. Findings garner initial support for the developmental collision hypothesis and suggest that LGBT-related victimization, rather than earlier milestones themselves, increases mental health vulnerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescents' need to belong and concerns about social status are thought to increase risk-taking, however, not much is known about how feedback about social rank and the effects of social exclusion moderate risky decision-making. To this end, the present study examined how social rank feedback moderates the effects of social exclusion on risky decisions during adolescence. The experimental study included a total of 122 participants (11–19 years; 44% female). Participants were randomly assigned to receive either individual or social rank feedback in the Columbia Card Task after social inclusion and exclusion via the Cyberball paradigm. Contrary to expectations, social exclusion led to more cautious decision-making. Mid-adolescents were most influenced by the combination of social exclusion and social rank feedback, while late adolescents became more cautious with individual feedback. These findings suggest that peer influences also have adaptive effects, increasing sensitivity to risk information, with developmental differences in the role of social rank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on how social determinants of health impact the coping strategies of informal caregivers for heart failure patients. Topics include the association between high SDH risk and avoidant coping, the potential health consequences for caregivers, and the role of hospital ethicists in supporting caregiver well-being through advocacy and policy changes.

Describe experiences of, and responses to, 2022 infant formula shortages among households with infants aged up to 18 months by race/ethnicity using Household Pulse Survey data. Outcomes included whether households were affected by shortages and, if so, 3 nonmutually exclusive response categories (increased breastmilk, obtained formula atypically, and disruptive coping [disruptions to breastmilk and/or formula]) and 1 mutually exclusive response category (solely disruptive coping). Unadjusted shares reporting each were compared using t tests. Regressions adjusting for household characteristics and fixed effects were used to examine associations between race/ethnicity and the outcomes. Shares affected by shortages declined over time as the formula supply improved. We found no association between race and ethnicity and reports of being affected by a shortage. Among affected households, non-Hispanic Black households were more likely to report disruptive coping than non-Hispanic White households (P = 0.03). Shortages may have widened racial/ethnic differences in infant feeding practices. Efforts to inform about infant feeding behaviors, improve access to formula, and/or increase participation in assistance programs could be targeted to those most likely to be affected by unexpected shortages or most likely to resort to disruptive coping behaviors. Further research could examine geographic variation in shortages and their long-term effects on infant feeding behaviors and infant and maternal health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies demonstrate that mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience depression and are less likely to seek professional psychological help. This study examined the roles of coping strategies in predicting psychological help-seeking attitudes among mothers of children with ASD. A total of 250 Turkish mothers of children with autism were recruited using purposive sampling during their training at the autism center in Istanbul. The results showed that depression was positively associated with problem-focused coping and negatively associated with psychological help-seeking attitudes. Psychological help-seeking attitudes and problem-focused coping were positively correlated with avoidant coping. Mediation analysis demonstrated that problem-solving plays a mediating role in the relationship between depression and psychological help-seeking attitudes. When addressing the psychological help-seeking attitudes of mothers of children with autism, future prevention and intervention programs may have to take into account mothers' depressive symptoms, and how they view and cope with depression and challenges related to parenting their child with autism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study examined the unique associations of different dimensions of the resilience factor, benefit finding, on concurrent and prospective psychological and biological adjustment outcomes over the first year after a colorectal cancer diagnosis. Methods and measures: Individuals newly diagnosed with colorectal cancer (n = 133, mean age = 56 years old, 59% female, 46% Hispanic) completed questionnaires assessing the multidimensional aspects of benefit finding around 4 months post-diagnosis (T1). Psychological (depressive symptoms and life satisfaction) and biological [C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-10 (IL-10)] adjustments were assessed at T1 and one-year post-diagnosis (T2). Results: Structural equation modeling revealed that at T1, greater reprioritization was concurrently related to higher depressive symptoms (p=.020). Lower acceptance, lower empathy, and greater positive self-view predicted higher life satisfaction at T2 (ps<.010). Additionally, lower empathy and greater family valuation predicted higher CRP at T2 (ps<.004), whereas greater positive self-view predicted higher IL-10 at T2 (p=.039). Greater overall benefit finding was associated with lower IL-10 at T1 (p=.013). Conclusion: Various aspects of benefit finding differentially relate to psychological and inflammatory markers during the first year after diagnosis in persons with colorectal cancer. Interventions designed to specifically enhance positive self-view may promote both the psychological and biological health of individuals with cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Having a brain tumour can disrupt social roles and networks. Despite growing evidence on the significance of social support in adjustment to chronic illness, research rarely focuses on the role of relationships when coping with a brain tumour. The current study sought to explore individuals' experiences of social support, and the dynamics within their social relationships, following a diagnosis of a brain tumour. Methods: Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used as a methodological framework. Participants were 12 individuals (83% female) aged 29-54 years diagnosed with primary brain tumour (83% low grade), on average 3.5 years post-diagnosis. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using IPA. Results: Five themes were identified: Coping together in the family; Being concerned about others; Giving and receiving support; Needing to share the experience; and Negotiating independence. The results highlighted that the illness affected a whole network of closest relationships, and that coping was not an individual task. Conclusion: Coping with the condition was deeply socially embedded. There was a cost associated with seeking support and participants did not always ask for it, in order not to burden the caregivers. Talking to others with similar diagnoses provided a sense of validation and belonging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Haemodialysis extends life for people with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide, but it imposes significant psychosocial burdens and there is little evidence about successful adjustment. This study aimed to improve understanding of successful psychosocial adjustment to in-centre haemodialysis (ICHD; dialysis in a hospital or satellite unit). Methods: Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 18 people with ESKD who had all received in-centre haemodialysis in the UK for at least 90 days in the last two years. An inductive thematic analysis was employed to identify themes from the verbatim interview transcripts. Results: There were four themes: 1) reaching a state of acceptance, which described the importance of accepting the necessity of dialysis; 2) taking an active role in treatment, which described how being actively involved in treatment gave participants greater feelings of autonomy and control; 3) utilising social support networks, which described the benefits of instrumental and emotional support; and 4) building emotional resilience, which described the importance of optimism and positivity. Conclusions: The themes demonstrated elements of successful adjustment that could be targeted by interventions to promote psychological flexibility and positive adjustment among people receiving in-centre haemodialysis worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Social support is key in improving the care and self-management of people living with Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM). Despite the benefits of social support, limited research has explored the experiences of family members acting as caregivers for those living with T2DM.Design: This qualitative study explored the pressures, attitudes, and views of immediate family caregivers supporting a relative's self-management of T2DM.Methods: Five online semi-structured interviews were conducted with caregivers and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Results: This analysis presents two superordinate themes: Values within caregivers and Support for the Supporters. Participants shared stories of coping and resilience in adopting a duty of care to support their family members. However, they also highlighted a lack of support from healthcare professionals, increasing feelings of personal responsibility and loneliness when caring for their family, including further pressures during the UK COVID-19 lockdown periods. Although caregivers do not have T2DM themselves, the burdens of supporting can have detrimental effects on the psychological health of these individuals.Conclusion: Healthcare professionals should consider the needs of caregivers, specifically improving psychological health and increasing understanding of T2DM, which may also improve health-related outcomes for the person living with T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high prevalence of suicide-related behaviors (SRB) among adolescents is a concerning issue that calls for the identification of explanatory and mediating factors involved. This study examines, by gender: (1) the percentage of adolescents reporting SRB, cyberbullying, and cybersexual harassment; (2) the association between cyberbullying and cybersexual harassment with SRB; (3) the predictive power of cybervictimization in SRB; and (4) the mediating role of Escaping coping strategy between cybervictimization and SRB. One thousand and twenty-seven adolescents (62.5% girls) aged 13 to 18 years (M = 15.59, SD = 1.28) participated in the study and completed the Youth Self Report (for SRB), Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (for cybervictimization), and Adolescent Coping Orientation for Problem Experiences, Spanish (for coping). About 16% of respondents (19% of girls and 8.9% of boys) reported SRB, about 18% reported Cyberbullying (20.8% of girls and 13.0% of boys), and near 23% reported Cybersexual harassment (28.7% of girls and 12.5% of boys). There is a significant association between cybervictimization and SRB, with the presence of cybervictimization increasing the likelihood of SRB by three to four times (especially in boys), and significantly predicting SRB. Escaping coping strategy partially mediates the relationship between cybervictimization and SRB only in girls. The findings that cybervictimization predicts SRB and that Escaping coping mediates this relationship provide insights for the implementation of prevention and intervention policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This cross-sectional study examined factors that impact the emotional well-being of Hispanic immigrants. This study considered the experience of stigma, acculturative stress, and traumatic events on the emotional well-being of Hispanic immigrants, while exploring various coping strategies that are employed. Data from 198 Hispanic immigrants in the United States was collected from an online survey, and a multiple linear regression was used with several predictor groups. Results indicated statistical significance between traumatic experiences, acculturative stress, positive/negative religious coping, and avoidant coping styles on the emotional well-being of Hispanic immigrants. These findings hold significance for social workers and offers considerations for assessment, treatment, and advocacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) not only increases the needs of children with ASD and presents significant challenges for families, leading to higher anxiety levels in parents, particularly mothers, but also highlights the need to focus on internal protective factors to alleviate their anxiety. This study aimed to investigate the influence of mother's involvement in raising children with autism on maternal anxiety and the mediating role of parental psychological flexibility. Method: Mother's involvement in the Parenting Questionnaire, Parental Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire, and the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale were used to assess 80 mothers of children with autism. We utilized SPSS 22.0 for descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis, employed the PROCESS macro to test the mediation model, and conducted exploratory mediation effect analyses by dividing sub-dimensions of maternal involvement and parental psychological flexibility to explore specific mechanisms. Results: The results showed that maternal involvement in parenting was negatively related to maternal anxiety, while parental psychological flexibility (cognitive defusion, committed action, and acceptance) fully mediated the relationship between maternal involvement and maternal anxiety. Further research found that maternal cognitive defusion and committed action were significant partial mediators of the relationship between the sub-dimension of maternal participation in parenting, "maternal behavioral discipline", and maternal anxiety. Conclusions: These findings suggest that mothers may be able to reduce anxiety by increasing parental psychological flexibility (cognitive defusion and committed action) when parenting children with autism. Key Points: What is already known about this topic: ASD not only increases the needs of children with ASD compared to typically developing children but also poses significant challenges for families, leading to higher psychological problems among parents, particularly anxiety. The anxiety levels of mothers of children with ASD are significantly higher than those of mothers with typically developing children. Both external factors and internal factors influence maternal anxiety, but focusing on internal protective factors may offer a more stable and efficient solution to alleviate anxiety. What this topic adds: Maternal involvement in parenting negatively predicts maternal anxiety and parental psychological flexibility has a significant mediating effect. Mother's cognitive defusion and commitment to action have partial mediating effects. Increasing maternal psychological flexibility can reduce maternal anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although the Young Schema Questionnaire and its current variants have been widely used, its continued use would be strengthened practically if a briefer version was available for clinical assessment and research. This study aimed to provide an assessment of the psychometric properties of the original YSQ-S3 and to create a brief version (YSQ-Brief) with equal or superior psychometric properties to the YSQ-S3. Methods: A non-clinical sample of university students (N = 800) completed an online test battery of questionnaires. Diagnostic groups were created based off current self-report of a mental health diagnosis (e.g. generalised anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder), and an eating disorder symptomatic subgroup created based on Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire scores. Psychometric evaluations were conducted, including confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency and validity analyses (criterion and construct). Further, group differences and relationships between mental health symptomatology and early maladaptive schemas (EMS) were examined. Results: Both the YSQ-S3 and the revised YSQ-Brief displayed good model fit. Further, using both measures, all 18 EMS dimensions displayed acceptable internal consistency, good construct validity, ability to discriminate between diagnostic groups, and relationships with depression, anxiety, stress, and eating disorder symptomatology. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that both the YSQ-S3 and the revised YSQ-Brief are valid, reliable and clinically useful measures. However, the YSQ-Brief provides greater efficiency and reduced burden, as well as equal psychometric soundness as compared to the original measure. Key Points: What is already known about this topic: The Young Schema Questionnaire is widely used but has significant clinician and respondent burden. A psychometric evaluation of the YSQ-S3 is yet to be conducted in a young adult Australian sample. The relationship between anxiety and schema dimensions has not been studied in this population nor the relationship between disordered eating symptomatology "approval seeking", "negativity/pessimism", and "punitiveness". What this topic adds: The YSQ-S3 displayed good validity and reliability in young adult Australian population. The newly revised YSQ-Brief displayed equal psychometric soundness, but with greater efficiency and reduced burden. The YSQ-Brief can discriminate young adults with various self-reported mental health diagnoses and displayed relationships with depression, anxiety, stress, and eating disorder symptomatology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Behavior analysts frequently use the Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP) to assess the language and social skills of children with autism in everyday practice and in research. Despite the widespread use of the VB-MAPP, its psychometric characteristics have not been extensively investigated. To provide information about its convergent validity, we calculated correlations between scores earned by 235 children with autism on the VB-MAPP and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS), a commonly used assessment with good reliability and validity. We obtained moderate or strong positive correlations between the VB-MAPP Milestones score and VABS Communication, Socialization, and Daily Living Skills subdomains. There was also a strong positive correlation between the VB-MAPP Milestones score and VABS overall raw score. These findings suggest that the VB-MAPP Milestones Assessment measures aspects of social and communicative behavior comparable to those indexed by these VABS subdomains which, like prior findings, supports the use of the Milestones Assessment. No significant relationship was observed between the VB-MAPP Barriers score and the VABS Internalizing, Externalizing, or overall Maladaptive Behavior scores. These findings, like prior findings, question the value of the VB-MAPP's Barriers Assessment as a measure of maladaptive behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by difficulties in communication and social-emotional interaction. It is associated with an increase of parental stress and poor family functioning, both of which are harmful for a child's functioning and adaptive behavior. An important source of support to parents are grandparents, especially in traditional populations. One such population is the Bedouin population. The present study tested the association between emotional support from mother and mother-in-law to the adaptive behavior of children with ASD, and whether this relation is serially mediated by family functioning and satisfaction in life as reported by Bedouin mothers of children with ASD. 100 mothers of children with ASD fulfilled a questionnaire about emotional support from their mothers and mother-in-law, family functioning, satisfaction in life and child's adaptive behavior. We found that indeed, family functioning and satisfaction in life serially mediated the relations between emotional support from mother and mother-in-law and child adaptive behavior. These findings indicate that intergenerational solidarity between women can improve not only the functioning of the nuclear family and wife's satisfaction with life, but also, indirectly, the adaptive behavior of a child with ASD. It highlights the importance of women solidarity, especially in traditional society, where women are kept marginal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stress literature suggests that coping strategies are implicated in mental health outcomes. However, the longitudinal relationship between coping strategies and mental health in the autistic adult population has not yet been examined. This 2-year longitudinal study examined the predictive role of both baseline and change in coping strategy use over time (i.e., an increase or decrease) on anxiety, depression, and well-being after 2-years in 87 autistic adults aged 16 to 80 years. Controlling for baseline mental health, both baseline and increase in disengagement coping strategies (e.g., denial, self-blame) predicted higher anxiety and depression, and lower well-being, while an increase in engagement coping strategies (e.g., problem solving, acceptance) predicted higher well-being. These findings extend the current coping literature in autistic adults, offering insight into mental health support and intervention options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgrounds: Moral distress significantly affects pediatric ICU nurses, leading to nurse burnout, increased turnover and reducing patient care quality. Despite its importance, there's a notable gap in knowledge on how to manage it effectively. Aims: This review aimed to systematically identify and analyze coping strategies and interventions targeting moral distress among pediatric nurses in ICU, uncovering research gap and future studies directions. Methods: A scoping review was conducted followed framework by Levac, Colquhoun, and O'Brien and Arksey and O'Malley. Searches were performed in 11 electrical databases, like PubMed and China Biology Medicine disc, within a timeframe of the database construction to November 2023, and performed literature screening and data extraction. Results: Sixteen articles were ultimately included. Coping strategies adopted by pediatric ICUs nurses can be categorized into adaptive and maladaptive strategies, with the latter including passive acceptance, taking leave, and drinking, while the former involve pursuing interests outside of work, reflection and philosophizing, and communication. Nine articles described and evaluated the effectiveness of interventions for moral distress, categorizing them into individual and institutional levels. Individual-level interventions include Interprofessional Perspective-Taking, the PICU Resiliency Bundle, Ethics Education/Skills, and the Center for Caring. Institutional-level interventions encompasses Comprehensive Care Round, Goals of Care Conversations, Pediatric Ethics and Communication Excellence Rounds, Nursing Ethics Council, and Medical Ethical Decision-Making, though not all were effective in alleviating moral distress. Conclusions: Nurses often use self-adjustment strategies for moral distress, institutional ethical support focusing on enhancing nurses' moral resilience, promoting reflective thinking and improving communication remains crucial. Various interventions for moral distress are currently available, but nurse engagement is low and their effectiveness remained to be verified. Future studies should explore what aids or hinders these interventions. There's also a need for large, multicenter trials and ongoing evaluations to create effective support systems for pediatric ICU nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Storybooks play a crucial role in the experience of childhood. As death is an inevitable part of life, storybooks can be a helpful tool to start communicating about death and grief. The aim of this study was to learn which storybooks were available regarding death and grief for Swedish-speaking children. During spring 2023, a literature search was conducted. A total of 62 books were included in the content analysis to assess language, words, symbolism, and coping strategies. This study provides valuable insights for adults, aiming to enrich the literary experiences of children and promote meaningful conversations about death and grief. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caregivers of older adults with dementia (dementia caregivers) often experience high role overload (i.e., feeling overwhelmed by caregiving demands that exceed available resources), which can take a toll on their mental health. Moreover, dementia caregiving can restrict caregivers' participation in valued social activities. This study aims to examine the mediating effect of social participation restriction on the relationship between role overload and mental health among dementia caregivers. A total of 894 dementia caregivers (mean age = 61.77) were selected from the National Study of Caregiving. The sample was predominantly women (64%) and White (78%). Path analysis shows that social participation restriction partially mediated the associations between (1) role overload and psychological distress (indirect effect β =.08, p <.001) and (2) role overload and psychological wellbeing (indirect effect β = −.05, p <.05). Interventions targeting coping strategies and healthcare-recreation programs are needed to improve social participation among dementia caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Moral distress is highly prevalent among health care workers in intensive care in which spirituality has been identified both as a risk factor for moral distress and as a resource to mitigate it. Objectives: Considering these contradictory findings, this study examined why moral distress is perceived in different ways and to what extent spirituality influences the ability to cope with moral distress. Methods: In a qualitative study in German-speaking countries, semistructured interviews were evaluated using thematic analysis and typology construction according to Stapley et al. Results: Between May and September 2022, a sample of 13 health care professionals (nurses, physicians, physiotherapists, respiratory therapists) from Germany and Austria was interviewed. Three types of spirituality among critical care staff are identified: (1) the religious type, (2) the dignity type, and (3) the instrumental type. Depending on the type of spirituality, intensive care providers experience moral distress differently and therefore require different resources to cope with moral distress. Discussion: Appropriate spiritual interventions are facilitated by respecting different spiritualities as potential resources for mitigating moral distress. This preliminary study permits the differentiation of types of spirituality in critical staff and of appropriate supporting interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scoping review explored the recent literature on the relationship between helicopter parenting and psychological adjustment among emerging adults in a university setting. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO to identify all original peer-reviewed studies published between 2020 and 2024 in English that examined the association between helicopter parenting and indices of psychological distress among college students. Twenty-three studies were included in this review. Most of the studies were cross-sectional and were conducted in the USA and China. Helicopter parenting was significantly associated with increased anxiety, depression, and stress among college students. Factors such as self-efficacy, self-esteem, and autonomy mediate this relationship. Most studies predominantly included female participants, highlighting the need to investigate further the role of gender differences in the impact of helicopter parenting on university students' well-being. These findings highlight the need for universities to develop targeted interventions and support systems that address the specific challenges faced by students who experience helicopter parenting. Parents should also be educated on the potential adverse effects of excessive control and involvement, and more balanced parenting approaches should be promoted to support university students' mental health and autonomy. Future research should embrace more diverse cultural contexts, analyze the impact of global crises and new technologies, and use longitudinal designs with gender-balanced samples for deeper insights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Portugal has approximately 8,000 children with life-limiting conditions. A need to psychological support has been identified, so an innovative online intervention study for families was developed. The aim is to explore potential effects of three intervention programs on the psychological experience of parents, grandparents and siblings respectively. The pilot study has a quasi-experimental, before-after study design with a mixed methods approach. Family members were allocated, not-randomly, to a comparison group or an experimental group. 12 parents, 6 grandparents and 6 siblings were included in this study. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used pre- and post-intervention. For parents, significant improvements were found in the Coping Health scores. The anxiety also decreased, and all participants described a more positive perspective towards the illness, hope and more skills development. The grandparents reduced their anxiety, stress and depression in a clinically relevant way. In the qualitative feedback, grandparents began to recognize their resilience and joy. Pilot results also indicate positive responses from siblings, related to perception of normality in family context, and a lower trait anxiety. Despite the positive outcomes, the small sample size needs to be considered. Further studies would be required to confirm these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With increasing numbers of stepfamilies, there is a growing need for evidence-based, informed therapeutic treatment. Stepfamilies experience unique challenges, such as grief, depression, adjustment difficulties, and increased family/parental conflict (Jensen et al. Family Process 57:477–495, 2018). Adolescents in stepfamilies have the greatest difficulty adjusting, resulting in attachment-related consequences which can be detrimental to their academic performance, mental health, and overall well-being, such as depression, loyalty conflicts and low academic performance (Jensen et al. Family Process 57:477–495, 2018; Papernow Family Process 57:25–51, 2018). Family therapy can provide an avenue for processing and adapting to the changes that arise in the process of transitioning into stepfamilies for all members of the family, especially adolescents. This article reviews current research on stepfamilies and recommends Attachment Based Family Therapy (ABFT) as a model from which family therapists may draw as they approach treatment of stepfamilies. With a focus on the attachment between family members, especially between adolescents and their parents, ABFT addresses the underlying damages that occur during the many changes in family dynamics and provides a clear avenue to repairing parent-child attachment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual health is multidimensional across the lifespan. At midlife, women may face challenges to sexuality, often requiring intervention. Menopause-related and age-related hormonal changes intermingle with common medical conditions and contribute to biological substrates less favorable to a healthy sexual response. Psychological, sociocultural, and relational factors modulate the impact of such changes positively or negatively, contributing to adaptation or manifestation of sexually related distress. A comprehensive diagnostic approach and multidimensional management are needed to address sexual symptoms due to both menopause and aging, individualizing non-pharmacological and pharmacological evidence-based treatment options according to personal goals and expectations in the woman/couple. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An integrated procedure based on a double avoidance place preference paradigm in freely moving rats allows for the assessment of affective-motivational and cognitive pain responses. Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Although the behavioral response to pain is complex and involves supraspinal processes, assessment of pain symptoms in animal models still mainly relies on reflex-based nociceptive tests, which do not account for the affective-motivational nor cognitive components of pain. We introduce a double avoidance place preference paradigm, an integrated testing procedure in freely moving rats that relies on the conflict between the avoidance of a dark compartment in which a thermal ramp is activated, and the escape towards an aversive brightly lit compartment. We were able to differentiate the first nociceptive threshold from the temperature of definitive escape from the dark compartment, conveying information on the adaptive behavior of animals. Measures were repeated after an hour to evaluate the adaptive learning response upon reexposure. In naive animals, there was a significant decrease in the time spent in the dark compartment at all stages of the testing paradigm upon reexposure, leading to a final escape before the flood had reached nociceptive values. This adaptive behavior was blunted by anxiolytic treatment. In animals exhibiting hyperalgesia following intraplantar complete Freund adjuvant injection, escape thresholds were significantly higher than that of control animals, hinting at a maladaptive affective-motivational response to noxious stimulation. However, in cuff animals, we failed to reveal any hot nociceptive hypersensitivity, but animals exhibited a strong adaptive response to cold simulation upon reexposure. Overall, the proposed paradigm allows for an integrated cortical response leading to a proactive avoidance behavior, while fully complying with ethical standards in animal experimentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through reflexive thematic analysis, this study explored three forms of social support in the lives of parentally bereaved youth: support derived from one's spirituality, caregiver support via parent-child communication, and therapist support from grief counseling (N = 30 youth, M age = 12.5 years, SD = 2.8 years). Results showed that these sources of support serve varied and vital functions in the lives of parentally bereaved youth. Namely, the benefits of grief counseling and spirituality were consistently identified by youth as critical in facilitating their coping with the loss of a parent; while parent-child communication regarding the deceased varied widely, highlighting the need for additional supports beyond their surviving caregiver. Findings also revealed differences among these supports across youth gender, race, ethnicity, and age. Adolescents were more likely to disengage from counseling services and reported less parental and spiritual support. Males and minoritized youth experienced more benefits from spiritual and therapist supports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a paucity of literature examining the experiences of children who lost a parent on 9/11. The primarily quantitative research has not allowed for a deeper understanding of how children who lost a parent on 9/11 make meaning of their experiences, especially in the context of a national tragedy. This study investigates how eight children who were between the ages of 5 and 12 when they lost a parent on 9/11 developed a personal narrative about this loss in the context of the collective narrative about 9/11. Using narrative inquiry, cases demonstrated patterns of narrative development about grief, tragedy, and collective themes of American exceptionalism, patriotism, triumph, and resiliency. These cases highlight de-personalized narratives of grief, tension between the grand narrative provided to them and their personal story of loss, and distance between the reality of their loss and the collective meaning-making of the tragedy. This study extends Bronfenbrenner's (1977) ecological systems theory by highlighting how a lack of bidirectionality between larger social and cultural systems and the individual negatively impacts personal experiences of grief and loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When people experience a near-death or life-threatening incident, they sometimes report an altered state of consciousness in which they have the perception of being out of or away from their physical body. During such an experience these individuals at times have the impression of encountering a spiritual personage who offers them a choice to stay or return to their physical life and/or attempts to motivate them to willingly do so, sometimes conflicting with a simultaneous desire to stay in that altered state of consciousness they perceive as the afterlife. This paper discusses how self-determination theory (SDT) is relevant to this process by meeting the experient's three basic psychological needs for relatedness, competence, and autonomy, resulting in various degrees of effectiveness. It concludes with a postulation that by doing so it may foster a continuing intrinsic motivation to live life well, resulting in a greater overall condition of psychological wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the study, it was aimed to determine the experiences of elderly COVID-19 patients hospitalized in intensive care units. The study was conducted based on the phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods. In-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview form with 15 participants, who were determined by the homogeneous and criterion sampling methods, two of the purposive sampling methods. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method. After the interviews, four themes were determined: intensive care experiences, importance of nursing care, intensive care environment and coping mechanisms related to COVID-19 disease, and post-intensive care realizations. In addition, 13 sub-themes were determined. This study provided a better understanding of the psychological experiences of elderly individuals during the disease, who have been hospitalized in intensive care unit and survived COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the opioid epidemic in the United States has garnered attention due to the increasing number of fatal overdoses. Research on overdose death has increasingly focused on the psychological impacts of drug-related bereavement and disenfranchised bereavement. This study aims to contribute to the growing body of emergent literature on drug death bereavement, by exploring the experiences of parents whose children passed away due to opioid overdose. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with six parents living in the state of Maryland who had an adult child die from opioid overdose two or more years prior to the study. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Themes that emerged included the grieving process, stigmatization, and social support. While overall adaptation levels varied among participants, all participants reported positive and negative outcomes related to their experience of grief and loss. Implications for clinical practice and intervention are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Much of the global chronic kidney disease burden is experienced in low- and middle-income countries. Children living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) face medical and social challenges, and they need support at the individual and family levels. This study aimed to explore children's experiences living with kidney replacement therapy (KRT) who attend the largest pediatric nephrology department in Guatemala. Methods: This qualitative study used photovoice and asked children to take pictures that represented what is like to live with CKD. Each child and their caregiver underwent an interview where the photos were used to elicit and facilitate discussion. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and then analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Eight children and their mothers participated in the study. Three themes were identified: interactions with the health system, changing and difficult family dynamics, and strains on social interactions. Children face social challenges including self-isolation and alienation. The family dynamics and familial structures often are forced to change, inducing stress. This is all exacerbated by the difficulties that arise in navigating the Guatemalan health system. Conclusions: Photovoice techniques are a feasible way to understand the experiences of children and their families who face CKD. The disease affects all aspects of life and recognizing this while advising and administering care can help provide a comprehensive level of care. Health systems need to make efforts aimed at improving the quality of care as well as the multidisciplinary support available to children and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]