533 results on '"Isaac Cohen"'
Search Results
452. Hobby-Induced Factor VII Deficiency
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J Kruglak, Pinkhas J, Isaac Cohen, and A de Vries
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Trichloroethylene ,Factor VII Deficiency ,Hemorrhage ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Factor VII deficiency ,Capillary Fragility ,Leukopenia ,Factor VII ,Chemistry ,Hematology ,Hypofibrinogenemia ,Surgery ,Endocrinology ,Coagulation ,Capillary fragility ,Increased capillary fragility ,medicine.symptom ,Toluene - Abstract
Hemorrhagíc tendency and granulocytopenia due to prolonged contact with trichloroethylene and toluene are described in a boy whose hobby was model air-plane assembly. The hemostatic defects found were hypoproconvertinemia, moderate hypofibrinogenemia, and increased capillary fragility. The clinical and laboratory abnormalities disappeared following interruption of the exposure. The abnormalities in the coagulation mechanism are ascribed to a toxic effect of the trichloroethylene on the liver, while the granulocytopenia is considered to reflect a bone marrow-depressing action of benzene contaminating the toluene. The increased capillary fragility is presumed to be due to a toxic effect of the chemicals on the blood vessels. more...
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- 1972
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453. In Vitro Inhibition of Plaque and Rosette Formation by α Globulin
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Moshe Glaser, Isaac Cohen, and David Nelken
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Immunology ,Immunology and Allergy - Abstract
Recent studies on the α globulin fraction from plasma of normal individuals have shown that it possesses immunosuppressive properties and interferes with lymphocyte functions in vitro. Cooperband et al. (1, 2) have shown that human α globulin inhibits lymphocyte transformation in vitro following phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and specific antigenic stimulation. Since α globulin fraction can also suppress antibody production against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in vivo (3–6), experiments were conducted to assess its biologic activity in an in vitro system by the hemolytic plaque assay and the rosette formation technique. Materials and Methods. Alpha globulin was isolated from normal human plasma by DEAE cellulose chromatography according to the procedure described by Mannick and Schmid (7). Immunoelectrophoresis and acrylamide gel electrophoresis showed this material to be primarily α2 globulin. Male local adult white rats of a strain developed at the Hebrew University were used in the hemolytic plaque formation and the rosette formation experiments. more...
- Published
- 1972
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454. Actin-linked regulation of the human platelet contractile system
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Isaac Cohen, Elizabeth Kamanski, and Andre de Vries
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Adenosine Triphosphatases ,Blood Platelets ,Chemistry ,Biophysics ,Human platelet ,Cell Biology ,Actomyosin ,Myosins ,Biochemistry ,Actins ,Cell biology ,Structural Biology ,Genetics ,Chromatography, Gel ,Animals ,Humans ,Calcium ,Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ,Magnesium ,Rabbits ,Molecular Biology ,Actin - Full Text
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455. Immunochemical characterization of the transglutaminase-catalyzed polymer of activated platelets
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Byron E. Anderson and Isaac Cohen
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Blood Platelets ,Tissue transglutaminase ,Polymers ,Catalysis ,Thrombin ,Western blot ,Immunochemistry ,Myosin ,medicine ,Centrifugation, Density Gradient ,Humans ,Platelet ,Platelet activation ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Transglutaminases ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,Chemistry ,Hematology ,Immunohistochemistry ,Cross-Linking Reagents ,Biochemistry ,biology.protein ,Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ,Glycoprotein ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Platelet proteins which contribute to transglutaminase-catalyzed polymer formation in activated platelets were identified by an immunochemical approach using the Western blot technique. The cross-linked polymer was purified from thrombin- or Ca2+-ionophore A23187-activated platelets by a sucrose density gradient procedure in reducing conditions and in the presence of a non-ionic detergent. Following transblotting of non-crosslinked platelet proteins from a Laemmli-type gel onto nitrocellulose, the platelet protein “lanes” were incubated with unabsorbed antibodies, or antibodies absorbed with purified polymer. Antibodies to native whole platelets as well as specific antibodies were used. The results show that myosin, actin, glycoproteins IIb, IIIa, and tubulin are present in the polymer. more...
- Published
- 1987
456. Oscillatory Response of Ristocetin Induced-Platelet Aggregation in Thrombasthenia
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Isaac Cohen, Juan Chediak, Margaret Telfer, and B. Vander Laan
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Oscillatory response ,Thrombasthenia ,Chemistry ,Ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation ,Biophysics - Abstract
Since the introduction of ristocetin as an aggregating agent for the diagnosis of von Willebrand’s disease, variable results have been reported on its effect on thrombasthenic platelets. The platelets from 10 thrombasthenic patients were subjected to aggregation with serially increasing concentrations of ristocetin. Unlike normal control platelets which showed normal irreversible aggregation using final concentrations of 1.25 mg/ml or higher, these platelets required increased concentrations of 1.8 and 2 mg/ml for maximal aggregation and intermediate concentrations (1.25 to 1.75 mg/ml) showed a cyclic oscillatory pattern of aggregation-disaggregation for 12–15 minutes, ending in partial disaggregation. If at this point creatine phosphate/creatine Phosphokinase (CP/CPK) or ATP were added the oscillatory pattern was reinstituted. Measurements of pH of the stirred platelet rich plasma (PRP) at the height and depth of oscillations changed only from 7.6 to 7.8 without correlation with the pattern. Incubation of the PRP with ADP prevented the ristocetin induced platelet aggregation; it was restored with the occurrence of oscillatory pattern upon addition of CP/CPK or ATP.The oscillatory phenomenon of thrombasthenic platelets in response to ristocetin is a unique finding. The constancy of the pH at different stages of the oscillatory waves ruled out the possibility of a gross electrostatic effect. The membrane defect reported in thrombasthenic platelets may play a role in these findings. more...
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- 1977
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457. Chimeric objects and playthings
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Matthew Isaac Cohen
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Communication ,Injury control ,Accident prevention ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Freudian theory ,Playthings ,Poison control ,Psychoanalytic Therapy ,General Medicine ,050108 psychoanalysis ,Fantasy ,Object Attachment ,Freudian Theory ,Play and Playthings ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,book.magazine ,Psychology ,business ,Child ,book ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Published
- 1987
458. Fibrinoligase-catalyzed cross-linking of myosin from platelet and skeletal muscle
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Isaac Cohen, Joyce Bruner-Lorand, Linda Young-Bandala, Gerald E. Siefring, and Tikoes A. Blankenberg
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Blood Platelets ,Myosin light-chain kinase ,Biophysics ,macromolecular substances ,Myosins ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Thrombin ,Cadaverine ,Mole ,Myosin ,medicine ,Putrescine ,Humans ,Platelet ,Molecular Biology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Dansyl Compounds ,Dipeptide ,Factor XIII ,Chemistry ,Muscles ,Skeletal muscle ,Kinetics ,Enzyme ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Spectrometry, Fluorescence ,medicine.drug ,Protein Binding - Abstract
Fibrinoligase (thrombin- and calcium-activated Factor XIII) from human plasma catalyzes the incorporation of dansylcadaverine and [ 14 C]putrescine into myosin, prepared from either human platelets or rabbit skeletal muscle. At least 9 mol of amine is incorporated per mole of myosin of either type when the enzyme is used under saturating conditions. Both heavy and light chains of the platelet and muscle myosins incorporate dansylcadaverine and [ 14 C]putrescine. However, in quantitative terms, the incorporation into the light chains of either type is much less than into the heavy chains. Profound fluorescent changes occurred when dansylcadaverine was bound to myosin. Highly cross-linked platelet and muscle myosin polymers form in the absence of added amines, indicating the presence of both acceptor and donor sites. ATPase activity was not altered by cross-linking of 50–60% of myosin. The nature of the cross-link in myosin was found to be a γ-glutamyl-ϵ-lysine bond, with an average of 19 mol of dipeptide per mole of platelet myosin. more...
- Published
- 1979
459. Origin and Role of Calcium in Platelet Activation-Contraction-Secretion Coupling
- Author
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Gundu H. R. Rao, Isaac Cohen, Jonathan M. Gerrard, James G. White, and Carl J. WitkopJr.
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Agonist ,Contraction (grammar) ,chemistry ,medicine.drug_class ,medicine ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Secretion ,Platelet activation ,Calcium ,Receptor ,Cell activation ,Intracellular ,Cell biology - Abstract
Agonist interaction with platelet surface receptors initiates a complex but concerted series of events inducing alterations in morphology, biochemistry, and physiology (White, 1968; Marcus, 1978; Holmsen and Weiss, 1979; Zucker and Nachmias, 1985). Intracellular move ments of calcium ions accompany and may play a critical role in regulating these biochemical and physiological processes (Statlandet al., 1969; Feinman and Detwiler, 1974; Hathaway and Adelstein, 1979; Feinstein, 1980; Gerrardet al., 1981; Foxet al., 1983; Menahsiet al., 1984). For lack of precise methods to monitor intracellular free calcium, earlier studies relied heavily on indirect methods to demonstrate agonist-induced calcium mobilization. However, synthesis of novel calcium indicators has made it possible to demonstrate agonistinduced calcium mobilization concurrent with cell activation (Rinket al., 1982; Grynkiewiczet al., 1985; Raoet al., 1985a,b). more...
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- 1989
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460. Cycles of agglutination-disagglutination induced by ristocetin in thrombasthenic platelets
- Author
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Juan Chediak, B. Maxey, Margaret Telfer, Isaac Cohen, and B. Vander Laan
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Periodicity ,Time Factors ,Adolescent ,Phosphocreatine ,Platelet Aggregation ,Creatine ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,Thrombasthenia ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Platelet ,Ristocetin ,Child ,Creatine Kinase ,biology ,Aspirin ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Infant ,Hematology ,Adenosine Diphosphate ,Agglutination (biology) ,Endocrinology ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Purpura, Thrombocytopenic ,Platelet-rich plasma ,Child, Preschool ,biology.protein ,Creatine kinase ,Female ,Intracellular - Abstract
Summary. An oscillatory pattern of platelet agglutination-disagglutination in response to Ristocetin (R) at narrow concentration ranges was observed in citrated platelet rich plasma (PRP) of 10 patients with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia. The cyclic pattern decreased in intensity over time, was reproducible, and was not pH dependent. Formalin-fixed thrombasthenic platelets agglutinated with R but did not show a cyclic pattern. Incubation with 2.5 μm ADP inhibited R oscillation response, but small increases in R dose overcame this inhibition. The addition of ATP or creatine phosphate/creatine phosphokinase to thrombasthenic platelets inhibited by ADP restored the R oscillation response. In the platelets of a single patient, intracellular levels of ADP and ATP were shown to diminish during an oscillation response to R. There was an increase in AMP levels during the same period of time. The changes in these three intracellular nucleotides were gradual over time and did not vary with phases of the oscillation. Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), at concentrations shown to block cyclooxy-genase activity in control platelets, enabled thrombasthenic platelets to respond to R with full agglutination without oscillations. Lower concentrations of ASA in the PRP gave a return of the oscillation response. Our data suggest that the disagglutination phase of the R response of thrombasthenic platelets is not a function of the known glycoprotein membrane defect, but depends on materials originating in the platelet whose release is blocked by ASA. more...
- Published
- 1979
461. Actin and myosin from blood platelets or muscle are potent aggregating agents
- Author
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Elizabeth Kaminski, Isaac Cohen, and Tova Glaser
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Blood Platelets ,Myosin light-chain kinase ,Shape change ,Platelet aggregation ,Platelet Aggregation ,macromolecular substances ,Myosins ,Myosin ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Platelet ,Magnesium ,Gizzard ,Adenosine Triphosphatases ,Chemistry ,Apyrase ,Muscles ,Skeletal muscle ,Hematology ,Actins ,Adenosine Diphosphate ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Biochemistry ,Biophysics ,Calcium ,Dialysis - Abstract
Myosin and actin from white skeletal muscle, chicken gizzard or human bloo platelets were found to induce shape change and biphasic aggregation of platelets in platelet-rich plasma. These effects were possibly due to the ADP associated with the contractile proteins on the basis of: 1) the failure of platelets refractory to ADP to aggregate with actin and myosin; 2) the inhibition and reversal of aggregation by ATP; 3) the abolition by apyrase of the contractile proteins-stimulated platelet aggregation. more...
- Published
- 1976
462. Giant cell tumor of the ethmoid sinuses: diagnostic dilemma
- Author
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Isaac Cohen, J. Andrew Burnam, and Jerome Benson
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Adult ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Diagnostic dilemma ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Ethmoid Sinus ,Ethmoid sinus ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Head and neck ,Granuloma ,Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous ,business.industry ,Giant Cell Tumors ,Small sample ,Angiofibroma ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,Radiography ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Giant cell ,business ,Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms - Abstract
Tumors originating in the ethmoid sinuses are rare. Carcinomas of the ethmoid sinus, for example, comprise only 2-3% of all head and neck malignancies. Of this small sample, the ethmoid sinuses as the primary site varies from 5-30%. This paper presents the 14th documented case of giant cell tumor originating in the ethmoid sinuses. The pathology became the diagnostic dilemma; the case was originally diagnosed as an angiofibroma, later a reparative granuloma, and finally accepted as a giant cell tumor. The rationale for diagnosis and therapy is discussed. more...
- Published
- 1979
463. Nonenzymatic glycation of human blood platelet proteins
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Isaac Cohen, Dan L. Burk, David Green, Arthur Veis, and R.J. Fullerton
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Blood Platelets ,Glycation End Products, Advanced ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Glycosylation ,Lysine ,Borohydrides ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Glycation ,Internal medicine ,Myosin ,medicine ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Humans ,Platelet ,Glycated Serum Albumin ,Amino Acids ,Serum Albumin ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,Hydrolysis ,Albumin ,Hematology ,Blood Proteins ,Endocrinology ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Hemoglobin ,Glycoprotein - Abstract
We studied 11 diabetic patients, all of whom had severe atherothrombotic disease, and 11 normal controls. Overall glycation was assessed by the extent of incorporation of [ 3 H]-NaBH 4 into fructosyl lysine separated from whole platelet proteins following aminoacid analysis. Fructosyl lysine represented 5.7% ± 1.0 S.D. of the total radioactivity in the normal whole platelet samples. Increased glycation was observed in platelets from 5 of the 11 diabetics. Platelet glycation did not correlate with glycation of hemoglobin or albumin. The pattern of glycation of various platelet proteins in whole platelets, as determined by the incorporation of [ 3 H]-NaBH 4 into electrophoretically separated proteins did not display selectivity, although myosin and glycoproteins IIb and IIIa showed relatively increased levels of [ 3 H]-NaBH 4 incorporation. Artificially glycated platelet membranes exhibited glycation mainly in proteins corresponding to the electrophoretic mobility of myosin, glycoproteins IIb and IIIa. more...
- Published
- 1989
464. Ca2+-dependent cross-linking processes in human platelets
- Author
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Arthur Veis, Joyce Bruner-Lorand, Isaac Cohen, and Tova Glaser
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Blood Platelets ,Leupeptins ,Polymers ,Biophysics ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cytosol ,medicine ,Humans ,Platelet ,Sodium dodecyl sulfate ,Molecular Biology ,Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ,Calcimycin ,Glycoproteins ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Factor XIII ,Leupeptin ,Membrane Proteins ,gamma-Glutamyltransferase ,Protease inhibitor (biology) ,chemistry ,Membrane protein ,Calcium ,Glycoprotein ,medicine.drug ,Histamine - Abstract
When platelet cytoplasmic Ca2+ is increased by the ionophore A23187 in the presence of the protease inhibitor leupeptin, there is the coincident appearance of a cross-linked polymer and the partial disappearance of monomeric protein and glycoprotein units. In the absence of leupeptin only 30% of the polymer was formed. The disappearance of monomeric protein bands, as detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, is prevented by histamine, which as a pseudodonor amine is a known inhibitor of transglutaminase-catalyzed cross-linking [14C]Histamine, at a tracer concentration, is incorporated into the polymer as well as into myosin, glycoproteins IIb and III, actin and tropomyosin. The loss of monomeric protein bands is mostly due to their conversion into polymers. Control measurements show that leupeptin effectively inhibited platelet Ca2+-dependent proteases. The cross-linking processes bringing about the observed increase in polymer formation are thus the result of a Ca2+-dependent platelet transglutaminase activity. The latter is located in the platelet cytosol and has been identified as platelet factor XIII on the basis of its specific cross-linking of fibrin. Platelet factor XIII, upon activation, may function physiologically to couple membrane proteins to cytoplasmic structural proteins. Thus, a new concept is proposed for the stabilization of platelet membranes and platelets as they form the hemostatic plug. more...
- Published
- 1981
465. Actin-activated ATPase from human erythrocytes
- Author
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Yehuda Ben-Shaul, Nelly Avissar, Andre de Vries, and Isaac Cohen
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Erythrocytes ,Protein subunit ,ATPase ,Size-exclusion chromatography ,Biophysics ,macromolecular substances ,Biochemistry ,Sepharose ,medicine ,Humans ,Magnesium ,Actin ,Gel electrophoresis ,Adenosine Triphosphatases ,biology ,Chemistry ,Cell Membrane ,Skeletal muscle ,Cell Biology ,Actins ,Enzyme Activation ,Molecular Weight ,Microscopy, Electron ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Membrane ,biology.protein ,Calcium - Abstract
A fibrillar protein complex, possessing ouabain-insensitive Ca 2+ -ATPase activity was isolated from human erythrocyte membranes by using a low ionic strength extraction procedure. Mg 2+ -ATPase activity was revealed upon addition of rabbit skeletal muscle actin, thus demonstrating the presence of a myosin-like protein in the crude extract of the erythrocyte membrane. Upon sodium dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis, the extract showed mainly the doublet of subunit molecular weight bands of 230 000 and 210 000, and more than 10 faster moving hands. Gel filtration of the erythrocyte membrane extract on Sepharose 4B furnished 4 fractions. Fraction I, containing the doublet and 80 000, 60 000 and 46 000 subunit molecular weight bands was 5-fold purified with respect to Ca 2+ -ATPase activity, but was devoid of actin-activated Mg 2+ -ATPase activity. Fraction II, containing only the doublet, was devoid of Ca 2+ and actin-activated Mg 2+ -ATPase activity. The 210 000 subunit molecular weight protein could be phosphorylated in the presence of Mg 2+ in the crude extract and Fraction I but not in Fraction II. more...
- Published
- 1975
466. Inhibition of platelet factor XIIIa-catalyzed reactions by calmodulin
- Author
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Isaac Cohen, Renaldo C. Drisdel, and David R. Kahn
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Calmodulin ,Biophysics ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Calcium ,Myosins ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Myosin ,medicine ,Humans ,Platelet ,Molecular Biology ,HEPES ,Transglutaminases ,biology ,Factor XIII ,Caseins ,Actins ,EGTA ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ,Factor XIIIa ,medicine.drug ,Histamine - Abstract
Calmodulin was found to exhibit an inhibitory effect on platelet factor XIIIa-catalyzed incorporation of pseudodonor amines into dimethylcasein, platelet actin and myosin. The inhibitory action of calmodulin on the calcium-dependent enzyme reactions was analogous to the effects of EGTA and paryalbumin on these reactions. The extent of inhibition of factor XIIIa activity was a function of calmodulin concentration when factor XIII and Ca2+ concentrations were held constant. These results indicate that calmodulin inhibits platelet factor XIIIa-catalyzed reactions by sequestering calcium. more...
- Published
- 1986
467. Fibrin-blood platelet interaction in a contracting clot
- Author
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Avraham Oplatka, J. Gabbay, T. Glaser, and Isaac Cohen
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Blood Platelets ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Fibrin ,biology ,Chemistry ,Tension (physics) ,Clot Retraction ,Fibrinogen ,Hematology ,Isometric exercise ,Surgery ,Linear relationship ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Biophysics ,Platelet ,Constant (mathematics) ,Saturation (chemistry) ,Blood Coagulation ,Edetic Acid - Abstract
Summary. The interaction of fibrin and blood platelets was studied by measuring tension development in clots containing different ratios of these two components. Isometric tension attained a saturating value (MT) when plotted as a function of the concentration of either component at a constant concentration of the other. The value of MT increases linearly with the minimal platelet concentration (Ps) required in order to reach saturation at various different fibrin concentrations. A linear relationship also holds in a plot of Ps versus the logarithm of the corresponding fibrin concentration. When the cylindrical clots contracted isotonically, the velocity, normalized with respect to the momentary length, was found to be constant. This velocity decreased in an hyperbolic manner with increasing fibrin concentration at a constant concentration of blood platelets. The results are interpreted in terms of a three-dimensional network in which the blood platelets serve as contractile cross-bridges connecting fibrin fibres. Tension development is assumed to be accompanied by the reduction of the angle between fibrin fibres. An attempt was made to calculate the isometric tension developed by a platelet. more...
- Published
- 1975
468. NONENZYMATIC GLYCATI0N OF HUMAN BLOOD PLATELET PROTEINS
- Author
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R J Fullertone, Isaac Cohen, David Green, D Burk, and Arthur Veis
- Subjects
Human blood ,Chemistry ,Platelet ,Pharmacology - Abstract
Atherothrombotic events are common in diabetics, and enhanced platelet function is thought to be partly responsible. Since excessive glycation occurs in many proteins of diabetic subjects, we decided to evaluate glycation of diabetic platelet proteins, and especially those proteins known to be involved in platelet aggregation. We believe this is the first report of nonenzy-matic glycation of platelet proteins from patients with poorly-controlled diabetes mellitus. Overall glycation was assessed by the extent of incorporation of [3H]BH4 into fructosyl lysine separated from whole platelet proteins following protein hydrolysis. We studied 12 diabetic patients, all of whom had severe atherothrombotic disease, and 13 normal controls. Fructosyl lysine eluted in the first major radioactive peak and represented 5.7 ± 1.0 S.D. of the total radioactivity in the normal whole platelet samples. Five of the 12 diabetics showed increased radioactive labeling of fructosyl lysine, without a clear pattern of correlation with the levels of glycation of hemoglobin and albumin (r = 0.33 and 0.17, respectively for hemoglobin and albumin). The pattern of glycation of the various platelet proteins in whole platelets, as determined by the incorporation of [3H]BH4 in proteins electrophoretically separated, does not clearly show a selectivity, although myosin and glycoproteins IIb and IIIa have relatively increased levels of [3H]BH4 incorporation. Artificially glycated platelet membranes exhibit glycation mainly in proteins corresponding to the electrophoretic mobility of myosin, glycoproteins IIb and IIIa and actin.Whether this glycation results in enhanced platelet function and specific loss of these platelets in vascular thrombi is still unclear. Trapping of highly glycated platelets in thrombi may be responsible for the poor correlation between the extent of platelet glycation and the elevated levels of glycated hemoglobin and albumin. (Supported in part by Grant AM13921-26 to A.V.) more...
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
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469. Hematin: unique effects of hemostasis
- Author
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David Green, Robert Glueck, Chung-hsin Ts'ao, and Isaac Cohen
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Adult ,Male ,Platelet Aggregation ,Immunology ,Heme ,Pharmacology ,In Vitro Techniques ,Biochemistry ,Fibrin ,Porphyrias ,Thrombin ,polycyclic compounds ,medicine ,Humans ,Platelet ,Blood coagulation test ,Disseminated intravascular coagulation ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,Aspirin ,Chemistry ,Heparin ,Reptilase time ,Fibrinogen ,Cell Biology ,Hematology ,Blood Coagulation Disorders ,medicine.disease ,Glucose ,Coagulation ,biology.protein ,Hemin ,Blood Coagulation Tests ,medicine.drug ,Partial thromboplastin time - Abstract
Hematin is clinically useful in the treatment of acute intermittent porphyria. Recently, hematin-induced coagulopathy has been reported, and a patient we treated bled during hematin therapy. On 3 separate occasions, infusions of hematin (4 mg/kg) induced thrombocytopenia, prolongation of the prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time. Reptilase time, and apparent decreases in fibrinogen and increases in fibrin(ogen) degradation products (FDP). However, fibrinogen assayed by heat precipitation was unchanged, the protamine paracoagulation test was negative, there was no red blood cell fragmentation, and plasminogen and antithrombin III remained normal, excluding the presence of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Furthermore, premedication with heparin, 5000 U i.v., failed to prevent the lengthening of the Reptilase time and exacerbated the thrombocytopenia. In vitro studies revealed that hematin, 0.1 mg/ml, aggregated platelets and induced the release of 14C-serotonin and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Hematin also aggregated washed or gel-filtered platelets but had no effect on formalin-fixed platelets. Aggregation was inhibited by aspirin (0.12 mg/ml), adenosine triphosphate, and apyrase, suggesting that hematin aggregated platelets by inducing adenosine diphosphate (ADP) release. Hematin (0.07 mg/ml) progressively inactivated thrombin and 0.1 mg/ml prolonged the Reptilase time. Thus, hematin is unique in that it both induces platelet aggregation and inhibits coagulation. more...
- Published
- 1983
470. [35] Cytoplasmic tropomyosins
- Author
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Isaac Cohen
- Subjects
Solvent ,Differential centrifugation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ammonium sulfate ,Isoelectric point ,Chromatography ,Ethanol ,chemistry ,Precipitation (chemistry) ,Anhydrous ,Centrifugation - Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter presents procedure for purification of cytoplasmic tropomyosins. The purification procedure for platelet tropomyosin has been used for the isolation of most nonmuscle tropomyosins. The unusual resistance of tropomyosin and other a-helical fibrous proteins to organic solvents and heat treatment 6 has provided the basis for the isolation procedure of cytoplasmic tropomyosins. The tissue of interest is first freed from any vascular or contaminating red cell material by either dissection or differential centrifugation. Then it is homogenized in a Waring blender with 20 volumes of absolute ethanol at 0 °. After centrifugation the precipitate is resuspended in 20 volumes of anhydrous ethyl ether at 0 °. The precipitate collected by centrifugation is then treated once more with ethanol and ether and air-dried. Dithiothreitol should be added in the subsequent steps. The insoluble material is removed by centrifugation, and the extract is placed in a boiling water bath for 10 min. All the following steps are carried out at 2 °. After centrifugation, the supernatant solution is further purified by isoelectric precipitation. The precipitate is collected by centrifugation and dissolved in 0.2 M KC1, 0.03 M sodium phosphate buffer. An ammonium sulfate fractionation is added as a final step. The pellet from a 40% saturation is discarded, and ammonium sulfate is added to 53% saturation. The resulting precipitate is dissolved in 0.6M KC1, 0.03M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, and exhaustively dialyzed against the same solvent. more...
- Published
- 1982
- Full Text
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471. The Mechanism of Clot Retraction
- Author
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Isaac Cohen
- Subjects
Blood clotting ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Medicine ,Human platelet ,Platelet ,macromolecular substances ,Anatomy ,Clot retraction ,business ,humanities - Abstract
Nearly 2000 years elapsed between the first observation of blood clotting by Aristotle and that of Hewson (1772) on the subsequent retraction of the spontaneously formed blood clot. The recognition of the crucial role of platelets in the phenomenon of clot retraction had to await the promotion of platelets from the undignified status of being derived from red cells or chyle (Donne, 1842) to that of a glorified element with its own megakaryocytic parenthood (Wright, 1906). The early observation that clots formed by the blood of severely thrombocytopenic subjects or prepared from platelet-poor plasma of normal subjects do not retract, whereas clots containing normal platelets retract drastically to about 10% of their original volume, leaves little doubt as to the role of platelets in clot retraction. The first monograph on clot retraction published by Budtz-Olsen three decades ago (1951) still represents an excellent document on this subject and there have been several more recent reviews (Cohen and Luscher, 1975; Behnke, 1976; Pollard et a., 1977; Cohen, 1982). more...
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
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472. Actin and Myosin from Platelets and Muscle are Substrates for Fibrinoligase
- Author
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Tikoes A. Blankenberg, Laszlo Lorand, Joyce Bruner-Lorand, and Isaac Cohen
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Chemistry ,Myosin ,Biophysics ,Platelet ,macromolecular substances ,Fibrinoligase - Abstract
Fibrinoligase (thrombin and calcium activated factor XIII) from human plasma catalyzes the incorporation of dansylcadaverine and 14C-putrescine into myosin and actin prepared from either human platelets or rabbit skeletal muscle. An average of 3 to 4 moles of amine are incorporated per mole of myosin of either type when the enzyme is used under saturating conditions. The rate of incorporation is 1.4 to 2 fold faster for filamentous than for soluble myosin.Electrophoretic analysis on Polyacrylamide and agarose gels in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 2-mercaptoethanol was used for locating the acceptor sites and for the detection of possible cross-links. Both heavy and light chains of platelet as well as muscle myosin incorporate dansylcadaverine and 14C-putrescine. However, in quantitative terms, the incorporation into the light chains of either type is only a small fraction of that incorporated into the heavy chains. Fibrinoligase also catalyzes the formation of highly cross-linked polymers in both myosin and actin (platelet or muscle) indicating the presence of acceptor and donor sites in the two contractile proteins. more...
- Published
- 1977
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473. Visibility Of The Spatial Frequency Components Predicts The Perceived Orientational Structure Of A Visual Pattern
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Claude Bonnet, Hans Brettel, and Isaac Cohen
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Visual perception ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Structure (category theory) ,Pattern recognition ,Fundamental frequency ,Visualization ,Perception ,Gestalt psychology ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,Spatial frequency ,business ,Visibility ,Mathematics ,media_common - Abstract
Perceptual grouping was studied psychophysically with spatially periodic visual patterns. Different two - dimensional arrangements of identical elements (squares, diamonds, or disks) were used as test stimuli. At anexposure duration of 33 ms, the perceived orientational structure was found to depend upon the orientations ofthe most visible spatial frequency components. If the fundamental frequency was high (5 cpd), the perceivedorientations were independent of the shape of the elements. If the fundamental spatial frequency was low (.5 cpd),the shape of the elements determined the perceived orientational structure. The results also show some responsebias which is discussed. 1 Introduction Gestalt psychologists have emphasized structural properties of visual patterns in order to explain the perceivedgrouping of elements and the appearance of a configuration. Proximity has been stressed as one of the propertieswhich generate perceptual grouping. However, the shape of the elements in a periodic pattern may in some occasionsgenerate a different kind of perceptual grouping than the proximity factor. A model of perceived grouping phenomenashould include the structural properties of the visual stimuli and should be related to the characteristics of neuro-sensory processing (Bonnet, 1988 [1]). In the present paper we investigate to which extent a spatial frequency basedmodel predicts the kind of grouping observed in periodic visual patterns. more...
- Published
- 1989
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474. DISTRIBUTION OF INTRAMEMBRANOUS PARTICLES (IMP) ON PLATELETS IN CLOTS UNDER ISOMETRIC TENSION
- Author
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Isaac Cohen and James G White
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Tension (physics) ,Intramembranous ossification ,Biophysics ,Distribution (pharmacology) ,Platelet ,Isometric exercise - Abstract
Development of isometric tension in platelet-rich clots is a manifestation offibrin binding to the cells, as well as to platelet contractile activity. However, the nature of the platelet-fibrin association through which the force of contraction is transmitted remains unknown. A previous report suggested that clustering of the intramembranous particles (IMP) visible in replicas of freeze-fractured platelets in clots might represent sites of fibrin attachment and force transduction across the platelet membrane. In the present study platelet clots were prepared at various stages during development of isometric tension. Clots fixed in glutaraldehyde were combined with osmic acid and further processed for thin sections, or with glycerol, frozen in liquid nitrogen and freeze-fractured in a Balzer's device. Thin sections revealed the longitudinal orientation of platelets and fibrin strands in the long axis of tension. Close associations between fibrin strands and extended portions of platelets were readily identified. However, no clearly discernible repetitive associations could be identified. Replicas of freeze fractured platelet clots under isometric tension revealed aspects of fibrin strands substructure and the platelet secretory pathway. However, no specific associations between fibrin and IMP were apparent. The usual 2 to 1 ratio of IMP on the inside of the outer layer (E face) compared to the outside of the interior layer (P face) of resting platelets was preserved on thrombin activated platelets in isometric clots. No evidence of IMP clustering could be identified. Experiments to identify the origin of IMP clustering revealed it occurred only on severely damaged platelets. Thus, clustering of IMP in replicas of freeze fractured platelets does not appear related to fibrin binding to platelets or to transduction of contractile force from the interior of the platelet to fibrin strands and the development of tension in isometric clots. more...
- Published
- 1987
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475. Effects of ADP and ATP on bovine fibrinogen- and ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation in Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
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Tova Glaser, Uri Seligsohn, and Isaac Cohen
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Platelet Aggregation ,Glanzmann's thrombasthenia ,Ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation ,Fibrinogen ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Adenosine Diphosphate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adenosine diphosphate ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,chemistry ,Ristocetin ,medicine ,Biophysics ,Animals ,Humans ,Platelet ,Cattle ,Blood Platelet Disorders ,Receptor ,Adenosine triphosphate ,medicine.drug - Abstract
With thrombasthenic platelets, aggregation induced by ristocetin (R) and bovine fibrinogen (BF) is reversible, provided ATP is not added to the system. ADP inhibits BF and R induced aggregation, and when added after the onset of aggregation causes rapid disaggregation. ATP prevents these inhibitory and disaggregation effects of ADP. A mechanism is suggested whereby co-operative effects occur between receptors in the membranes of thrombasthenic platelets. more...
- Published
- 1975
476. The Occurrence of Diastase in the Cerebro-spinal Fluid
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Isaac Cohen
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Diastase ,History ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cerebro spinal fluid ,biology ,business.industry ,biology.protein ,Medicine ,Articles ,business ,Computer Science Applications ,Education - Published
- 1925
477. Plasma cell myeloma associated with an unusual myeloma protein causing impairment of fibrin aggregation and platelet function in a patient with multiple malignancy
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Albert I. Pick, Andre de Vries, Yehuda Ben-Shaul, Isaac Cohen, and Jacob Amir
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Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Blood Protein Disorders ,Myeloma protein ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Plasma cell ,Adenocarcinoma ,Malignancy ,Fibrinogen ,Fibrin ,Hemostatics ,Plasma Cell Myeloma ,Papain ,medicine ,Humans ,Platelet ,Immunoelectrophoresis ,biology ,business.industry ,Carcinoma ,General Medicine ,Plasmapheresis ,Blood Coagulation Disorders ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Kidney Neoplasms ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immunology ,Colonic Neoplasms ,biology.protein ,Blood Coagulation Tests ,Blood Platelet Disorders ,business ,Multiple Myeloma ,medicine.drug - Abstract
In a patient with threefold malignancy, chronologically hypernephroma, carcinoma of the colon and plasma cell myeloma, the latter was associated with an unusual M protein of Gm4 type, antigenically deficient when compared to reference proteins of the γ G1 heavy chain subclass. The patient suffered from epistaxis and had impaired fibrin clot formation and platelet function. The disturbance in fibrin clot formation was shown by spectrophotometry and electron microscopy to be due to interference by the M protein with fibrin aggregation. Equilibrium dialysis using 45 Ca did not demonstrate increased binding of calcium ions to the M protein. Ultracentrifugal study did not show association of the M protein to fibrinogen. In an advanced stage of the disease, plasma cell invasion into the peripheral blood occurred. Plasmapheresis, although partial, resulted in prolonged disappearance of the epistaxis and the plasmocytosis. more...
- Published
- 1970
478. The Concentration of Diastase in the Urine throughout the Day
- Author
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Isaac Cohen
- Subjects
Diastase ,History ,biology ,business.industry ,biology.protein ,Medicine ,Food science ,Urine ,Articles ,business ,Computer Science Applications ,Education - Published
- 1926
479. Action of Newcastle disease virus on human blood platelets
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Ch. Klibansky, A. de Vries, Alexander Kohn, Isaac Cohen, Henry Joshua, and Ella Kaminsky
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Adenosine Triphosphatases ,Blood Platelets ,Serotonin ,Human blood ,biology ,L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ,business.industry ,Pyruvate Kinase ,Clot Retraction ,Newcastle disease virus ,Hematology ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Newcastle disease ,Virus ,Thromboplastin ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,Action (philosophy) ,Medicine ,Humans ,Platelet ,Allantoin ,business ,Blood Coagulation - Abstract
SummaryNewcastle Disease Virus induces a viscous metamorphosis like process in washed platelets.This virus liberates from platelets lactic dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase, depletes their ATP content and impairs their ability to concentrate 5-hydroxy-tryptamine.Since Newcastle Disease Virus has adenosine triphosphatase activity, a possible role of this viral enzyme in the production of viscous metamorphosis and in inhibition of clot retraction is discussed.Treatment of platelets by Newcastle Disease Virus or by particulate fraction from normal allantoic fluid causes liberation of a platelet factor 3-like substance. more...
- Published
- 1966
480. De convenientia vocabulorum rabbinicorum cum graecis, et quibusdam aliis linguis europaeis / auctore David Cohen de Lara
- Author
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David ben Isaac Cohen de Lara and Ravesteyn, Nicolas van
- Subjects
Lengua española ,Lengua latina ,Lengua hebrea ,Lengua griega ,Diccionarios - Abstract
Precede tít. en hebreo, Grafías en hebreo, griego y latín, En port. pequeño grab. xil. de San Antonio, Inic. grab., Enc. Perg., Sign.: *4, A-L4, M2
- Published
- 1637
481. A method for fast determination of the α parameter in nuclear reactors
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M. Arrondo, M. C. Fornaciari Iljadica, Isaac Cohen, and María Arribére
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Physics ,Ideal (set theory) ,Component (thermodynamics) ,Flux ,Nuclear reactor ,Epithermal neutron ,Flux ratio ,Computational physics ,law.invention ,Nuclear physics ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Nuclear reactor core ,law ,Neutron - Abstract
The importance of the a parameter, which accounts for the deviations from the ideal behavior of the epithermal component of the neutron spectrum in nuclear reactors, is discussed. From the mathematical expression of the subcadmium to epicadmium flux ratio, a new method for fast approximate measurement of a is proposed. The data corresponding to the evaluation of several flux monitors and the experimental results of the application of the method are presented. more...
482. Unfavorable course in pregnancy-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura necessitating a perimortem Cesarean section: a case report
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I. Narbona, Ernesto González-Mesa, Marta Blasco, and Isaac Cohen
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Maternal mortality ,Medicine(all) ,Pregnancy ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Thrombotic microangiopathy ,PTT ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura ,Case Report ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Perimortem Caesarean section ,Preeclampsia ,Microangiopathy ,medicine ,Plasmapheresis ,Maternal death ,Fresh frozen plasma ,Cardiopulmonary resuscitation ,business - Abstract
Introduction Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is a type of occlusive thrombotic microangiopathy that is not specific to pregnancy but occurs with an increased frequency during it. Prognosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura greatly depends on early diagnosis and treatment. As delivery does not generally cause resolution of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, pregnancy termination is not initially considered, especially under 34 weeks, although it may be required under some conditions such as preeclampsia. Plasma therapy, including plasmapheresis, and steroids are used for treatment. In the event of an unfavorable course leading to cardiopulmonary arrest, effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation measures greatly depends on an early start of such measures. In pregnant patients, not only rapid implementation of these measures is required, but a decision should also be taken about the convenience of fetal delivery through a perimortem Cesarean section. Case presentation We report the case of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in a 30-year-old primigravida white woman in week 28 of pregnancy that had a rapidly deteriorating course leading to cardiopulmonary arrest and an emergency perimortem Cesarean section resulting in fetal survival but maternal death. The patient was asymptomatic at admission and such an unfavorable evolution was initially unexpected. Analytical findings were treated with fresh frozen plasma and methylprednisolone but they did not improve. Plasmapheresis was considered but cardiac arrest rapidly ensued. Conclusions Despite the low prevalence of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, the finding in a pregnant woman of the triad consisting of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neurological changes should guide clinical diagnosis, and should prompt measurement of the metalloprotease ADAMTS-13 in order to rule out or confirm diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and evaluate the best therapeutic option. If cardiopulmonary arrest occurs in a woman with a gestational age of more than 24 weeks, a perimortem Cesarean section is advised if the patient has not recovered her pulse after the first four minutes. more...
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483. Smart Room: Participant and Speaker Localization and Identification
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Chi-Wei Chu, Soonil Kwon, Panayiotis G. Georgiou, Carlos Busso, Sung Lee, Shrikanth S. Narayanan, S. Hernanz, and Isaac Cohen
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Microphone array ,Voice activity detection ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Speech recognition ,Speaker recognition ,computer.software_genre ,Facial recognition system ,Identification (information) ,Omnidirectional camera ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,Loudspeaker ,Smart camera ,business ,Face detection ,Audio signal processing ,computer - Abstract
Our long-term objective is to create smart room technologies that are aware of the users presence and their behavior and can become an active, but not an intrusive, part of the interaction. In this work, we present a multimodal approach for estimating and tracking the location and identity of the participants including the active speaker. Our smart room design contains three user-monitoring systems: four CCD cameras, an omnidirectional camera and a 16 channel microphone array. The various sensory modalities are processed both individually and jointly and it is shown that the multimodal approach results in significantly improved performance in spatial localization, identification and speech activity detection of the participants. more...
484. Determination of70Ge(n,p) 70Ga and74Ge(n,p) 74Ga reaction cross sections for a fission neutron spectrum
- Author
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María Arribére, J. C. Furnari, Isaac Cohen, and A. J. Kestelman
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Nuclear physics ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Fission ,Chemistry ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Spectrum (functional analysis) ,Radiochemistry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Fission neutron ,Pollution ,Spectroscopy ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
The fission neutron spectrum averaged cross-sections for the reactions70Ge(n,p)70Ga and74Ge(n,p)74Ga have been determined. The averages of four determinations are, respectively, (3.10±0.30) mb and (0.00938±0.00059) mb. The present values are, to the authors' knowledge, the first experimental data on the fission averaged cross-section for these reactions. more...
485. Contextual Information Encoded In A Formed Expression
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Cohen Alexander J, Isaac, Cohen B., Harlow Ed, Leuthardt Eric C, Roy Levien, and Malamud Mark A
486. Decoding Digital Information Included In A Hand-formed Expression
- Author
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Cohen Alexander J, Isaac, Cohen B., Harlow Ed, Leuthardt Eric C, Roy Levien, and Malamud Mark A
487. Some Reaction Cross-Sections for Molybdenum in a Fission Spectrum
- Author
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C. Magnavacca, Isaac Cohen, and G. B. Baro
- Subjects
chemistry ,Molybdenum ,Fission ,Radiochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Fission product yield ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Spectrum (topology) ,Isotopes of technetium - Published
- 1983
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488. Platelet Contractile Regulation in an Isometric System
- Author
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Andre de Vries and Isaac Cohen
- Subjects
Blood Platelets ,Multidisciplinary ,Chemistry ,Actomyosin ,macromolecular substances ,Isometric exercise ,musculoskeletal system ,Contractile protein ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,Biophysics ,Humans ,Calcium ,Magnesium ,Platelet ,Blood Coagulation ,Chelating Agents - Abstract
WE have previously shown that human platelets, in addition to actomyosin, the so-called thrombosthenin1, contain a tropomyosin-like protein2. Furthermore, we provided evidence for the presence in isolated platelet actomyosin of a control system which “turns-on” the Mg-ATPase of the contractile protein complex at a saturating level of 10−6 M Ca2+ (ref. 2). more...
- Published
- 1973
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489. Fluorescein staining of guinea-pig lymphocytes induced byEchis colorata venom
- Author
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Meir Djaldetti, Isaac Cohen, Ch. Klibansky, U. Sandbank, and A. de Vries
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Electrophoresis ,Pharmacology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Staining and Labeling ,Venoms ,Guinea Pigs ,Venom ,Cell Biology ,Fluoresceins ,Molecular biology ,Surgery ,Guinea pig ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Microscopy, Fluorescence ,chemistry ,medicine ,Animals ,Molecular Medicine ,Lymphocytes ,Fluorescein ,Molecular Biology ,Fluorescence staining - Abstract
Les lymphocytes de cobayes inocules avec du venin de serpentEchis colorata, additionne de fluoresceinc, acquierent une forte fluorescence. Le meme effet du venin est observe avec des lymphocytes traites in vitro. Les fractions proteolytiques du venin sont responsables de ce phenomene, alors que la phospholipasc est sans effet. more...
- Published
- 1966
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490. Metronidazole-Induced Pancreatitis
- Author
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Tat-Kin Tsang, Isaac Cohen, Timothy Cullinane, and Bennett H. Plotnick
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,General surgery ,MEDLINE ,Lipase ,General Medicine ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Metronidazole ,Pancreatitis ,Recurrence ,Internal medicine ,Acute Disease ,Amylases ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Excerpt Metronidazole has been used to treat some infections and Crohn's disease. We report the first case of pancreatitis caused by metronidazole; there was recurrence on rechallenge. A 29-year-ol... more...
- Published
- 1985
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491. Eight Hours for What We Will: Workers and Leisure in an Industrial City, 1870-1920
- Author
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Roy Rosenzweig and Isaac Cohen
- Subjects
History ,Sociology and Political Science ,Industrial city ,Socioeconomics - Published
- 1984
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492. Politics and Planners: Economic Development Policy in Central America
- Author
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Don R. Hoy, Isaac Cohen Orantes, and Gary W. Wynia
- Subjects
Economic growth ,Politics ,Political science ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Regional integration ,Earth-Surface Processes - Published
- 1974
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493. Obtaining Good Results with Broadhurst-Paley Stain for Milk Smears
- Author
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Isaac Cohen
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine ,Stain ,Mathematics - Published
- 1940
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494. Ramayana and Animism in 'Wayang' Puppet Theatre
- Author
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Matthew Isaac Cohen
- Subjects
Ramayana ,wayang ,animism ,tholpavakoothu ,Indonesia ,puppets ,Language and Literature - Abstract
Traditions of wayang puppetry in Indonesia realize what Philippe Descola refers to as an «animist ontology». Not only human figures, but also what Tim Ingold calls «nonhuman persons», including personal possessions, landforms, and animals, possess consciousness and interiority. Among wayang’s diverse story sources, the Ramayana stands out for its animistic qualities. Episodes depict interactions between humans, ogres, monkeys, deities, and other nonhuman persons, activating the potential of the medium for representing transformation and theatrically mining the suspension of natural laws. This essay, based on ongoing research into the wayang collection of Yale University Art Gallery, examines how the characters of the Ramayana reflect shifting theatrical styles and animistic beliefs. Analysis of these historical puppets is followed by an exploration of an experimental 2023 Ramayana production originated at the University of Con-necticut hybridizing wayang with the tholpavakoothu shadow puppet tradition of Kerala, India, in which the epic is retold from the perspective of the trees and wood inhabiting it. more...
- Published
- 2023
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495. The Conservation Genetics of Iris lacustris (Dwarf Lake Iris), a Great Lakes Endemic
- Author
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James Isaac Cohen and Salomon Turgman-Cohen
- Subjects
genotyping-by-sequencing ,Iris ,Lake Huron ,Lake Michigan ,polyploidy ,polyRAD ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Iris lacustris, a northern Great Lakes endemic, is a rare species known from 165 occurrences across Lakes Michigan and Huron in the United States and Canada. Due to multiple factors, including habitat loss, lack of seed dispersal, patterns of reproduction, and forest succession, the species is threatened. Early population genetic studies using isozymes and allozymes recovered no to limited genetic variation within the species. To better explore genetic variation across the geographic range of I. lacustris and to identify units for conservation, we used tunable Genotyping-by-Sequencing (tGBS) with 171 individuals across 24 populations from Michigan and Wisconsin, and because the species is polyploid, we filtered the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) matrices using polyRAD to recognize diploid and tetraploid loci. Based on multiple population genetic approaches, we resolved three to four population clusters that are geographically structured across the range of the species. The species migrated from west to east across its geographic range, and minimal genetic exchange has occurred among populations. Four units for conservation are recognized, but nine adaptive units were identified, providing evidence for local adaptation across the geographic range of the species. Population genetic analyses with all, diploid, and tetraploid loci recovered similar results, which suggests that methods may be robust to variation in ploidy level. more...
- Published
- 2023
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496. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus
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Dan Isaac Cohen-Addad, MD, Aslan Efendizade, DO, Arkadij Grigorian, MD, Kevin Hewitt, DO, and Vinodkumar Velayudhan, DO
- Subjects
Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 - Abstract
ABSTRACT: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) associated with cerebrospinal fluid leak classically presents with postural headache. It is most commonly caused by the spontaneous dehiscence of a meningeal diverticulum or as a consequence of dural tears. The association between connective tissue disease and SIH is well known. However, the occurrence of SIH associated with systemic lupus erythematosus has rarely been reported. We present a 53 years old female with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus who was diagnosed with SIH. The patient was worked up with Magnetic resonance imaging and Computed tomographic myelography, and successfully treated with a nontargeted epidural blood patch. Furthermore, we review the current literature and focus on the various imaging techniques that can be used in the workup of a cerebrospinal fluid leak. Keywords: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension, Systemic lupus erythematous, CSF leak, Pachymeningeal enhancement, Venous engorgement, CT myelography more...
- Published
- 2019
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497. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt incidentally found in the stomach
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Dan Isaac Cohen-Addad, MD, Kevin Hewitt, MD, and Donnie Bell, MD
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Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 - Abstract
We report a case of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt incidentally found within the stomach while the patient was undergoing a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement. Among the complications of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement, bowel perforation is rare a complication found in 0.01%-0.07% of cases, and typically occurs in premature infants and neonates [1]. To date, less than 100 such cases have been recorded of which only a few have appeared in the radiological literature. Here we discuss the current literature, the radiological features, clinical presentations and the management. Keywords: Bowel perforation, Hydrocephalus, Ventriculoperitoneal shunt, VP complications more...
- Published
- 2018
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498. Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com traumatismo raquimedular atendidos em hospital terciário
- Author
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Dionei Freitas Morais, Antonio Ronaldo Spotti, Moysés Isaac Cohen, Sara Eleodoro Mussi, João Simão de Melo Neto, and Waldir Antônio Tognola
- Subjects
Traumatismos vertebrales ,Fracturas de la columna vertebral ,Epidemiología ,Orthopedic surgery ,RD701-811 ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com traumatismo raquimedular atendidos em hospital terciário. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, transversal, prospectivo, com 321 pacientes vítimas de traumatismo raquimedular, realizado de janeiro de 2008 a junho de 2012. Foram estudadas as variáveis: sexo; idade; estado civil; profissão; escolaridade; religião; procedência; etiologia, morfologia e região da lesão; condição neurológica pela escala da ASIA e lesões associadas. RESULTADOS: Amostra constituída por 72% pacientes do sexo masculino e 28% do feminino, prevalência da faixa etária de 21 a 30 anos. Os estados civis mais frequentes foram união estável (46,8%) e solteiros (41,7%). O nível de escolaridade foi ensino fundamental incompleto (57%) e completo (17,8%). As causas mais frequentes foram acidentes automobilísticos (38,9%) e queda (27,4%). A lesão mais presente foi fratura explosão (23,7%), as regiões mais afetadas foram cervical subaxial (41,7%) e transição toracolombar (30,5%). A lesão associada mais frequente foi traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) (28,2%). O estado neurológico mais observado na internação/alta foi ASIA-E. Ocorreram 25 óbitos (7,8%), sendo que 76% com lesão na região cervical foram estratificados com ASIA-A, e 68% tiveram complicações respiratórias. CONCLUSÃO: O trauma raquimedular acometeu mais adultos jovens do sexo masculino com união estável e baixo nível de escolaridade. A causa mais frequente foi acidente automobilístico, o tipo de lesão foi fratura explosão e a região cervical a mais acometida. A condição neurológica mais presente foi ASIA-E, o TCE foi a lesão associada mais frequente e a maior gravidade pela classificação da ASIA nos casos de envolvimento cervical aumentou o risco de complicações respiratórias e morbidade e mortalidade. more...
- Published
- 2013
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499. Corpectomia da coluna toracolombar com colocação de cage por acesso único via posterior: técnica cirúrgica e resultados de seis pacientes Corpectomía de la columna toracolumbar con la colocación de cage por abordaje único vía posterior: técnica quirúrgica y los resultados de seis pacientes Thoracolumbar spine corpectomy with placement of a cage by single posterior approach: surgical technique and results of six patients
- Author
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Fabiano Morais Nogueira, Dionei Freitas de Morais, Rodrigo Antonio Rocha da Cruz Adry, Moysés Isaac Cohen, Renato Andrade Chaves, Gibran Franzoni Rufca, Marco Aurélio Fernandes Teixeira, and Sérgio Robinson Martucci Junior more...
- Subjects
Columna vertebral ,Fusión vertebral ,Procedimientos ortopédicos ,Prótesis e implantes ,Resultado del tratamiento ,Coluna vertebral ,Fusão vertebral ,Procedimentos ortopédicos ,Próteses e implantes ,Resultado de tratamento ,Spine ,Spinal fusion ,Orthopedic procedures ,Prostheses and implants ,Treatment outcome ,Orthopedic surgery ,RD701-811 ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
OBJETIVO: Avaliar retrospectivamente os resultados de uma série de pacientes submetidos à corpectomia torácica e/ou lombar por via exclusivamente posterior associado à colocação de cage e à artrodese instrumentada segmentar e descrever a técnica cirúrgica. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente seis pacientes portadores de colapso vertebral, instabilidade biomecânica ou lesão neurológica por diferentes etiologias. Estes pacientes apresentavam indicação de descompressão neural e receberam indicação para a realização de corpectomia e reconstrução circunferencial com cage sendo realizado por via exclusivamente posterior. RESULTADOS: Quatro pacientes eram do sexo masculino e dois do sexo feminino. A idade média foi de 58 anos (22 a 82 anos) com tempo médio de acompanhamento de 10,5 meses (2 a 24 meses). Em três casos a ressecção foi de um corpo vertebral e em três casos de dois corpos vertebrais. Todos os pacientes apresentaram melhora do seu estado neurológico e melhora da dor lombar ou radicular. As indicações ao procedimento foram três casos por espondilodiscite, um por fratura osteoporótica, um tumor metastático e um tumor primário. Três pacientes apresentaram complicações necessitando de revisão cirúrgica evoluindo com melhora dos sintomas. As complicações foram fístula liquórica, radiculopatia lombar, infecção de ferida operatória, meningite e falha da instrumentação. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes submetidos à corpectomia por via exclusivamente posterior apresentaram resultados favoráveis com melhora do déficit neurológico ou dor em todos os casos. Esta técnica mostrou-se eficiente na reconstrução circunferencial da coluna evitando as complicações da abordagem tradicional por dupla via.OBJETIVO: Evaluar retrospectivamente los resultados de una serie de pacientes sometidos a corpectomía vertebral por una vía exclusivamente posterior con la colocación de cage y artrodesis instrumentada segmentaria y describir la técnica quirúrgica. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo evaluó seis pacientes con colapso vertebral, inestabilidad biomecánica y daños neurológicos causados por diferentes etiologías. Estos pacientes son candidatos para la descompresión neural y recibieron la indicación para la corpectomía y reconstrucción circunferencial con cage por una vía exclusivamente posterior. Resultados: Cuatro pacientes fueron hombres y dos mujeres. La edad promedio fue 58 años (22-82) y el seguimiento medio fue de 10,5 meses (2-24). En tres casos la resección fue un cuerpo vertebral y en tres casos dos vértebras fueron sometidas a resección. Todos los pacientes mejoraron en el estado neurológico, el dolor lumbar o el dolor radicular. Las indicaciones de cirugía fueron tres casos de espondilodiscitis, uno de fractura osteoporótica, un caso de tumor metastásico y un caso de tumor primario. Tres pacientes tuvieron complicaciones que requieren una revisión quirúrgica desarrollada con una mejoría de los síntomas. Las complicaciones fueron pérdida de líquido cefalorraquídeo, la radiculopatía lumbar, infección de la herida, la meningitis y el fracaso de la instrumentación. Conclusión: Los pacientes que se sometieron a corpectomía por una vía exclusivamente posterior mostraron resultados favorables con mejoría del déficit neurológico o dolor en todos los casos. Esta técnica fue eficiente en la reconstrucción de la columna y evitar las complicaciones del doble abordaje.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate retrospectively the results of a series of patients undergone thoracic or lumbar corpectomy via single posterior approach with placement of cage and segmental instrumented arthrodesis. The surgical technique performed was described. METHODS: The retrospective study evaluated six patients with vertebral collapse, biomechanical instability or neurological damage caused by different etiologies. These patients showed neural decompression and received indication to perform corpectomy and circumferential reconstruction with cage being conducted exclusively by posterior approach. RESULTS: Four patients were male and 2 female. The average age was 58 years (22-82 years) and mean follow up was 10.5 months (2-24 months). In three cases the resection was only one vertebral body and in three cases two vertebral bodies. All patients improved in neurological status and low back pain or radicular pain. The indications for surgery were three cases of spondylodiscitis, one of osteoporotic fracture, one case of metastatic tumor and one case of primary tumor. Three patients had complications requiring surgical revision; which resulted in improvement of symptoms. The complications that occurred were cerebrospinal fluid leakage, lumbar radiculopathy, wound infection, meningitis and failure of instrumentation. CONCLUSION: Patients submitted to corpectomy via single posterior approach showed favorable outcomes with improvement of neurological deficit or pain in all cases. This technique was efficient in the reconstruction of circumferential column avoiding the complications of the traditional anterior-posterior approach. more...
- Published
- 2011
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500. Nutrition and Reproductive Health: Sperm versus Erythrocyte Lipidomic Profile and ω-3 Intake
- Author
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Gabriela Ruth Mendeluk, Mariano Isaac Cohen, Carla Ferreri, and Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Subjects
Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Fatty acid analyses of sperm and erythrocyte cell membrane phospholipids in idiopathic infertile patients evidenced that erythrocyte contents of EPA, DHA, omega-6–omega-3 ratio and arachidonic acid provide a mathematical correspondence for the prediction of EPA level in sperm cells. The erythrocyte lipidomic profile of patients was significantly altered, with signatures of typical Western pattern dietary habits and no fish intake. A supplementation with nutritional levels of EPA and DHA and antioxidants was then performed for 3 months, with the follow-up of both erythrocyte and sperm cell membranes composition as well as conventional sperm parameters. Some significant changes were found in the lipidomic membrane profile of erythrocyte but not in sperm cells, which correspondently did not show significant parameter ameliorations. This is the first report indicating that membrane lipids of different tissues do not equally metabolize the fatty acid elements upon supplementation. Molecular diagnostic tools are necessary to understand the cell metabolic turnover and monitor the success of nutraceuticals for personalized treatments. more...
- Published
- 2015
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