301. [Detection of resistance phenotypes in gram-negative bacteria].
- Author
-
Navarro F, Calvo J, Cantón R, Fernández-Cuenca F, and Mirelis B
- Subjects
- Aminoglycosides pharmacology, Aminoglycosides therapeutic use, Anti-Bacterial Agents classification, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Bacterial Proteins analysis, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Bacterial Proteins physiology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial genetics, Fluoroquinolones pharmacology, Fluoroquinolones therapeutic use, Gram-Negative Bacteria enzymology, Gram-Negative Bacteria genetics, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections drug therapy, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections microbiology, Haemophilus influenzae drug effects, Haemophilus influenzae enzymology, Haemophilus influenzae genetics, Humans, Neisseria drug effects, Neisseria enzymology, Neisseria genetics, Phenotype, Practice Guidelines as Topic, beta-Lactam Resistance genetics, beta-Lactams pharmacology, beta-Lactams therapeutic use, Drug Resistance, Microbial genetics, Gram-Negative Bacteria drug effects, Microbial Sensitivity Tests
- Abstract
Detecting resistance in gram-negative microorganisms has a strong clinical and epidemiological impact, but there is still a great deal of debate about the most sensitive phenotypic method and whether in vitro susceptibility results should be interpreted. The present work reviews the phenotypes and mechanisms of resistance to beta-lactams, quinolones and aminoglycosides in gram-negative bacilli and also revises the different phenotypic methods used for their detection. A clinical interpretation of in vitro susceptibility results is also discussed. Extended-spectrum and inhibitor resistant beta-lactamases, AmpC type beta-lactamases and carbapenemases are thoroughly reviewed. As regards quinolones, the resistance mediated both by plasmids and by mutations in the DNA gyrase and the topoisomerase IV genes is also reviewed. This report includes resistance patterns to aminoglycosides caused by modifying enzymes. Phenotypic detection of beta-lactam resistance in Neisseria spp. and Haemophilus influenzae is also reviewed in a separate section., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF