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The current study investigated the ability of resveratrol to protect RGC-5 retinal ganglion cells in culture against H2O2-induced apoptosis and the underlying mechanism of protection. RGC-5 cells were pre-exposed to resveratrol (5, 10, or 20 μM), followed by 200 μM H2O2. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected to assess the cell growth, and expression levels of apoptosis-related and MAPK cascade-associated proteins were determined using western blotting. Levels of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential were also tested, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GSH). At a concentration-dependent way, resveratrol reversed H2O2-induced increases in expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9, production of ROS, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the expressions of p-p38, p-ERK, and p-JNK. It also promoted the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH. Furthermore, the agonists of p38, ERK, and JNK partially weakened the protective effects of resveratrol against H2O2-induced apoptosis in RGC-5 cells. Thus, resveratrol can protect retinal ganglion cells against H2O2-induced apoptosis by suppressing MAPK cascades. The drug therefore shows potential for preventing glaucoma., Graphical abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease of the nervous system. The typical pathological changes of AD are Aβ deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, neuron loss, and chronic inflammation. The balance of metal ions is essential for numerous physiological functions, especially in the central nervous system. More studies showed that metal ions participate in the development of AD. However, the involvement of metal ions in AD is controversial. Thus, we reviewed articles about the relationship between metal ions and AD and discussed some contradictory reports in order to better understand the role of metal ions in AD.

Highly transparent 0.5 and 1.0 at% Pr-doped Y2O3 ceramics were fabricated by vacuum sintering plus hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treatment. The selection of suitable pre-sintering temperatures and right microstructures before HIP was critical to obtain high density of the final sintered bodies. The well-densified ceramics had pore-free microstructures with an average grain size of about 1 µm. It was also found that the charge states of the Pr ions could be changed through regulating the annealing atmospheres, resulting in different absorption and emission characteristics in the visible wavelength region. Annealing in reducing atmosphere (5% H2/95% Ar) favored the formation of Pr3+, resulting in stronger red emissions, while annealing in oxygen atmosphere led to the rise of lattice constant due to the concentration increase of oxygen interstitials. The H2/Ar-annealed 0.5 at% Pr:Y2O3 ceramics exhibited strong red emission at 600–675 nm, which may be a promising gain material for red solid-state lasers. Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Published version The research is partially supported by the fund of A*Star of Singapore (Grant No. A1883C0003), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62075089, 61875078, and 61861136007), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant Nos. BK20191002 and BK20190992), and Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. KYCX20_2339).

Con el rápido desarrollo de la economía china de las mascotas, el turismo de mascotas ha convertido en una tendencia emergente dentro de la industria turistica. Sin embargo, esta tipología de turismo está aún en sus inicios en China, y hay muchos modelos y políticas de los que podemos aprender con la comparación con países capitalistas como Europa y América.La presente investigación comienza con una descripción del concepto principal de turismo de mascotas, después, se continua con un análisis en detalle del estudio de los modelos y experiencias exitosas de los países de Europa y Estados Unidos. Se estudiará a través de la investigación de casos y situación actual de los nombrados ejemplos y se centrará en la inspiración y la innovación para el mercado chino de turismo de mascotas. Para concluir, se tiene como objetivo desarrollar el nuevo modelo turístico de China y promover la idea del pet friendly al mismo tiempo.

High-efficiency Yb:Y2O3 laser ceramics were fabricated using the vacuum-sintering plus hot isostatic pressing (HIP) without sintering additives. High-purity well-dispersed nanocrystalline Yb:Y2O3 powder was synthesized using a modified co-precipitation method in-house. The green bodies were first vacuum sintered at a temperature as low as 1430°C and then HIPed at 1450°C. Finally, the samples were air annealed at 800°C for 10 h. Although no sintering aids were used, full density of the samples with excellent optical homogeneity and an inline transmission of 80% at 400 nm could be obtained. Moreover, photodarkening phenomenon was not detected in the ceramics. Preliminary laser experiment with the fabricated ceramics in a two-mirror cavity has demonstrated 32 W continuous-wave (CW) output at ∼1077 nm with an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 58.2%. To the best of our knowledge, this is so far the highest CW output power and optical-to-optical conversion efficiency achieved with the Yb3+-doped sesquioxide ceramics in a simple two-mirror cavity. Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) This work was supported by the A*Star of Singapore (Grant No. A1883C0003), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62075089, 61875078,51702135), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant Nos. BK20191002 and BK20190992), and Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. KYCX20_2339).

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Centile curves of CRL measured in 7–13+6 gestational weeks fitted with BCGo model (P0.4, P2, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, P98, P99.6). Figure S2. Restricted cubic spline plot of risk ration of preterm birth. Table S1. Selection of models of crown-rump length. Table S2. Neonatal outcomes of the population.

Additional file 1: Dataset S1. The PCR primers designed for OR genes in Ae. aegypti.

Additional file 2: Dataset S2. Relative expression of OR genes in Ae. aegypti

Additional file 1. Figure S1. Survival curves of offspring in LPS group (N = 5) compared with NS group (N = 5). Figure S2. A���C. Gross morphology of liver in LPS group. D���F. in NS group. G���I, Representative H&E-treated images of liver in LPS, J���L. H&E stained images of liver in NS group (40X,100X,200X, respectively). Figure S3. Glucose homeostasis of 9 weeks and 18 weeks old offspring. A Measured of GTT of males at 9 weeks old. B Measured of ITT f of males at 9 weeks old. C Measured of GTT of males at 18 weeks old. D Measured of ITT f of males at 18 weeks old. E Serum GHb1c at 20 weeks old. F Random and fasting blood glucose at 18 weeks. *P

As the characteristic size of integrated circuits has continued to shrink, there has been increasing interest in using aluminum (Al) as the gate material. In this paper, we have looked at the role ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid dipotassium (EDTA-2K) plays in the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of Al for use as a gate material. Currently, the preferred approach to CMP is to use colloidal silica as an abrasive, EDTA-2K as the complexing agent, and H2O2 as the oxidant. We have explored the influence of EDTA-2K and H2O2 on the Al removal rate (RR) during CMP. The results show that when the concentration of EDTA-2K is 1 wt%, the removal rate reaches 3450 Å min−1, and the surface roughness is 0.425 nm. The mechanism of the action of EDTA-2K during CMP was studied through particle size distribution analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electrochemical tests, and UV–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy. The results show that EDTA-2K reacts with aluminum ions (Al3+) to form a soluble Al-EDTA complex, which promotes the corrosion rate on the Al surface and thus increases the removal rate of Al.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic lung disease in premature infants, and its pathogenesis has not been clarified. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) have important functions in cell bioactivity. However, their role in developmental lung disease remains unclear.The aim of this study was to demonstrate the role of lncRNA SNHG6 (SNHG6) in BPD and its underlying mechanisms.The blood of patients with BPD were collected, and BPD model of BEAS-2B cells was established by hyperoxia method. SNHG6, miR-335 and KLF5 mRNA expression were detected by RT-qPCR. Western blot was conducted to measure the levels of apoptosis-related proteins' expression and NF-κB pathway related proteins. BEAS-2B cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by CCK-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. Assay Kit was applied to detect ROS, MDA and SOD levels, respectively. ELISA was performed to assess the levels of inflammatory factors. The binding site of miR-335 with SNHG6 or KLF5 were predicted by using DIANA or TargetScan, and which was verified by double luciferase reporter assay.Firstly, SNHG6 was highly expressed and miR-335 was lowly expressed in BPD model, SNHG6 knockdown and miR-335 mimics both alleviated hyperoxia-induced lung cell injury, and SNHG6 targeted miR-335. Subsequently, KLF5 was targeted by miR-335, and KLF5 promoted lung cell injury via activating NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, SNHG6 mediated lung cell injury via regulating the miR-335/KLF5/NF-κB pathway.Our research confirmed that SNHG6 mediated hyperoxia-induced lung cell injury via regulating the miR-335/KLF5/NF-κB pathway. These findings suggest that SNHG6 serves as promising targets for the treatment of newborns with BPD.