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Business has a massive effect on both people and society as a whole in today's culture. Businesses make significant contributions to humanity's general well-being and progress by promoting economic growth, supporting innovation, producing wealth, and addressing social challenges. However, choosing the right location for a business is a complex task, involving multiple criteria and qualitative and quantitative factors that heavily rely on expert judgement. The researchers propose a unique approach called the SVNZN multi-attributed decision-making method to aid decision-makers in this process. They introduce new operating laws for SVNZNs based on the sine trigonometric (ST) function, known for its periodicity and symmetry over the origin, making it favorable for decision-makers over multi-time phase parameters. Additionally, novel AOs such as SVNZN weighted averaging and geometric operators are defined to combine SVNZNs effectively. Based on these AOs, a decision-making technique for MADM problems is presented, and its applicability is demonstrated through a numerical example of selecting the best location for a business. To validate and enhance the understanding of these proposed techniques, the researchers conducted a comprehensive comparison analysis, including a sensitivity analysis, considering existing literature on MADM difficulties. Figure 1 provides a thorough graphical summary by visually representing all of the contributions and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this article is to establish a methodology for ordering of single-valued neutrosophic numbers (SVN-numbers) on the basis of values and ambiguities. First of all, the idea of neutrosophic numbers is discussed, and (α, β, γ)-cut and arithmetic oprations definecd over SVN-numbers are examined. Thereafter, corresponding to each components, the values and ambiguities are defined and using these definitions, the ratio ranking function is constructed. Then, for the stability of the ratio ranking function, some examples are provided for comparing this method with other approaches. Applying this ratio ranking function, neutrosophic linear programming problem(Neu-LPP) converts to the crisp linear programmning problems (CLP-Problems) and solved it by computational lingo method. At last, Neu-LPP is illustrated by two numerical real-life examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) has emerged as a major issue in India due to the massive amounts of waste generated on a daily basis. Governments are focusing on establishing a proper waste management system, including a timeline for the installation of waste processing and disposal facilities to reduce waste. For this problem, waste to energy (WtE) technologies have been identified because of their ability to convert waste into green energy while minimizing associated issues. This research investigates the different kinds of WtE treatments based on various factors, namely eco-friendly, budget friendly, technical, and social aspects. The findings of this study revealed which WtE treatments are best suited for waste management systems that convert green energy. In this paper, we propose the best WtE treatment for India using the interval-valued pythagorean neutrosophic fuzzy set (PNFS). We employ the WASPAS-CRITIC method in the interval-valued pythagorean neutrosophic fuzzy environment for this WtE treatment problem. Finally, a numerical example and a comparison are provided to illustrate the reliability and efficiency of the proposed technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uncertain and ambiguous data is usually presented as a data point. When dealing with uncertain data, it is challenging to deal with incompleteness, imprecision, and incertitude; therefore, various mathematical models were developed to resolve issues concerning uncertainty points. To overcome this difficulty, a mathematical model with redefined control points characterised by three important components of the neutrosophic set was produced. The neutrosophic set can then be translated by creating models based on the neutrosophic theory and its relationships to produce control points. Hence, this paper represents a curve generated by combining neutrosophic control points with the B'ezier basic functions using their relation as a Neutrosophic B'ezier Curve. With an illustration example, we show how to visualise neutrosophic data sets into Neutrosophic B'ezier Curve and their relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The characterization of interval valued (IV) secondary k- range symmetric (RS) Neutrosophic fuzzy matrices have been examined in this study with an example. It is discussed how IV s-k RS, s- RS, IV k- RS, and IV RS matrices relate to one another. We establish the necessary and sufficient criteria for IV s-k RS Neutrosophic fuzzy matrices. The existence of several generalized inverses of a matrix in IV Neutrosophic fuzzy matrices. It is also established what are the equivalent criteria for various g-inverses of an IV s - κ RS fuzzy matrix to be an IV s - κ RS. The generalized inverses of an IV s - κ RS P corresponding to the sets P{1, 2}, P{1, 2, 3} and P{1, 2, 4} are characterized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neutrosophic sets play a crucial role in handling uncertainty, ambiguity, and indeterminacy in numerous theories. They are a kind of extension of the two types of fuzzy sets and intuitionistic fuzzy sets. In the context of modeling drug diffusion within human connective tissues, a differential equation is employed within the neutrosophic framework, utilizing Hukuhara differentiability. We establish the initial conditions and parameters in the form of Type 2 triangular single-valued neutrosophic numbers. This study explores the stability and existence of equilibrium points, providing precise solutions. To conduct numerical simulations across various values of the (α, β, γ)-cut of the triangular neutrosophic number, we utilize MATLAB 2018a. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We develop the concept of range symmetric Neutrosophic Fuzzy Matrix and Kernel symmetric Neutrosophic Fuzzy Matrix analogous to that of an EP -matrix in the complex field. First we present equivalent characterizations of a range symmetric matrix and then derive equivalent conditions for a Neutrosophic Fuzzy Matrix to be kernel symmetric matrix and study the relation between range symmetric and kernel symmetric Neutrosophic Fuzzy Matrices. The idea of Kernel and k-Kernel Symmetric (k-KS) Neutrosophic Fuzzy Matrices (NFM) are introduced with an example. We present some basic results of kernel symmetric matrices. We show that k-symmetric implies k-Kernel symmetric but the converse need not be true. The equivalent relations between kernel symmetric, k-kernel symmetric and Moore-Penrose inverse of NFM are explained with numerical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industry 5.0 acceptance is accelerating, but research is still in its infancy, and existing research covers a small subset of context-specific obstacles. This study aims to enumerate all potential obstacles, quantitatively rank them, and assess interdependencies at the organizational level for Industry 5.0 adoption. To achieve this, we thoroughly review the literature, identify obstacles, and investigate causal relationships using a multi-criteria decision-making approach called single value Neutrosophic TODIM. Single-valued Neutrosophic sets (SVNS) ensembles are employed in a real-world setting to deal with uncertainty and indeterminacy. The suggested strategy enables the experts to conduct group decision-making by focusing on ranking the smaller collection of criterion values and the comparison with the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory method (DEMATEL). According to the findings, the most significant hurdles are expenses and the funding system, capacity scalability, upskilling, and reskilling of human labor. As a result, a comfortable atmosphere is produced for decision-making, enabling the experts to handle an acceptable amount of data while still making choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let N = (V, E) be a simple graph and let X be a subset of V (N). If every node not in X lies on a geodesic path between two nodes from X then it is called a geodetic set. The geodetic number g (N) is the minimum cardinality of such set X. The subset X is called a dominating set if every node not in X has at least one neighbour in X. The minimum number of nodes of a dominating set is known as domination number γ (N). If the subset X is a geodetic set as well as a dominating set then it is called a geodetic dominating set. The minimum cardinality of a geodetic dominating set is known as geodetic domination number γg (N). The geodetic domination integrity of N is defined to be DIg (N) = min {|X| + m (N - X) : X is a geodetic dominating set of N}, where m (N - X) denotes the order of the largest component of N - X. Uncertain networks can be modelled using fuzzy graphs. In a graph, each vertex and each edge are equally significant. However, in fuzzy graphs, each vertex and each edge is important in terms of fuzziness in their own right. In this study, the concepts of geodetic dominating sets in fuzzy graphs and geodetic domination number are defined and bounds are obtained. Moreover, the vulnerability parameter Geodetic domination integrity is introduced in fuzzy graphs. Further, the geodetic domination integrity for complete fuzzy graphs, complete bipartite fuzzy graphs, Cartesian product of two strong fuzzy graphs and bounds are also discussed. The applications of this parameter are applied to a telecommunication network system model to identify the key persons in the system and applied in a fuzzy social network to find the most influential group within the network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interval-valued quadripartitioned neutrosophic set is represented by the partition of the interval-valued neutrosophic set's indeterminacy function into contradiction and ignorance parts. This article introduces the properties of interval quadripartitioned single valued neutrosophic graph. The properties like complementary, self-complementary, strong and complete interval-valued quadripartitioned neutrosophic graphs are investigated. The finest illustration of locating a climate conducive to apricot cultivation in Ladakh is provided by the notion that has been offered. The model gives us details on the location that should be chosen for apricot farming. Using the proposed concepts, we highlight potential applications of the usual apricot plant that thrives in extremely cold climates and is appropriate for higher production. The adopted approach makes a superior fit to consider the problems in application viewpoint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we have successfully constructed the literal neutrosophic Kumaraswamy probability distribution. We mean by literal neutrosophic probability distribution that parameters of the distribution and the values that the random variable describing the distribution all take literal neutrosophic numbers of the form θ = q + bl; I² = I which differs from interval-valued neutrosophic probability distributions in which parameters of theses distributions take the form θN 8712; [L, U]. We have derived the neutrosophic form of the probability density function, cumulative distribution function, statistical properties and maximum likelihood estimations of the parameters. Finally, a simulation study is performed to show the efficiency of the estimators provided by the neutrosophic MLE method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Study and classify the recent literature related to the Traffic congestion problem. • Summarize the benefits and drawbacks of the recent literature. • Analyze and discuss the three subsystems of a Traffic Management System. • Highlight future research orientations that need further investigation. Traffic congestion is a great concern, especially in urban areas where the vehicles' number on roads continues to intensify significantly against the slow development of road infrastructure. To resolve this intractable problem, researchers proposed various Traffic Management Systems that rely on the fusion of traffic data sources and emerging technologies to maximize the traffic flow, and thus fluidify the intersections since they are the origin of traffic congestions, and also reroute the vehicles to avoid traffic congestions areas, and thus reduce fuel consumption and air pollution. Although there are many studies on traffic management, there is still a lack of research covering the entire urban road traffic management system. Therefore, this study intends to fill the gap, generating new insight into the state of research related to the entire Traffic Management System. The principal aim of this survey is to provide a complete view of current approaches proposed in the literature to handle the traffic congestion problem. We first supply a review of the body of knowledge in recent years of Traffic Management Systems. Second, we summarize the benefits and drawbacks of the recent literature. Third, we analyze and discuss the three main subsystems of a Traffic Management System and then classify the various contributions according to the subsystem to which they belong. Finally, we present and discuss future research orientations and open issues that need further investigation for a realistic and efficient Traffic Management System. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let G = (U, V) be a Single valued Neutrosophic graph. A subset S ∈ U(G) is a said to be score equitable set if the score value of any two nodes in S differ by at most one. That is, |s(u)- s(v)| ≤ 1, u, v ∈ S. If e is an edge with end vertices u and v and score of u is greater than or equal to score of v then we say u strongly dominates v. If every vertex of V - S is strongly influenced by some vertex of S then S is called strong score set of G. The minimum cardinality of a strong dominating set is called the strong score number of G. The equitable integrity of Single valued Neutrosophic graph G which is defined as EI(G) = min{|S| + m(G - S): S is a score equitable set in G}, where m(G - S) denotes the order of the largest component in G - S. The strong integrity of Single valued Neutrosophic graph G which is defined as SI(G) = min{|S| + m(G - S): S is a strong score set in G}. In this paper, we study the concepts of equitable integrity and strong equitable integrity in different classes of regular Neutrosophic graphs and discussed the upper and lower bounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fuzzy soft graphs are effective mathematical tools that are used to model the vagueness of the real world. A fuzzy soft graph is a fusion of the fuzzy soft set and the graph model and is widely used across different fields. In this current research, the concept of picture fuzzy soft graphs is presented by combining the theory of picture soft sets with graphs. The introduction of this new picture fuzzy soft graphs is an emerging concept that can be rather developed into various graph theoretical concepts. Since soft sets are most usable in real-life applications, the newly combined concepts of the picture and fuzzy soft sets will lead to many possible applications in the fuzzy set theoretical area by adding extra fuzziness in analyzing. The notions of picture soft graphs, strong and complete picture soft fuzzy graphs, a few types of product picture fuzzy soft graphs, and regular, totally regular picture fuzzy soft graphs are discussed and validated using real-world scenarios. In addition, an application of decision-making for medical diagnosis in the current COVID scenario using the picture fuzzy soft graph has been illustrated., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest regarding the publication of the research article., (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021.)