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Part 4: Project Management, Engineering Management, and Quality Management; International audience; In recent years Agile Project Management (APM) and especially the Scrum framework have grown in popularity in order to deal with “vuca” business environments. Scrum has become more and more common practice in software development and has already been tested in a few hardware domains. But is it also applicable outside the development area? The paper aims to show potentials and limitations in the use of Scrum in a purchasing environment and describes implemented customizations.

Part 5: Operations Management in Engineer-to-Order Manufacturing; International audience; Shipbuilding industry in Norway, mainly operating in the Engineer-to-order environment, is one of the most innovative in the world in terms of technology and production methods. In this paper we investigate the applicability of the concept of remanufacturing in the shipbuilding industry. The research takes a case study approach to study the topic and also presents an overview of the existing literature on remanufacturing and its benefits for businesses and environment. A five stage framework is proposed for integrating the concept of remanufacturing into the strategic decision making process in shipbuilding companies. This framework would streamline the decision making process of shipbuilding companies entering the vessel remanufacturing business.

Part 3: Knowledge Based Production Management; International audience; Information Systems, used to share information, lead to the growth of heterogeneous data and then the dependencies between them. Thus, the links and dependencies among heterogeneous and distributed data are more and more complex during daily activities of users (engineers, etc.). Ontology is currently used to enhance the knowledge sharing and the data integration in many information systems. Our contribution is to propose a methodology to facilitate the exploitation (interrogation and sharing) of data in an organization.

Part 3: The Practitioner’s View on “Innovative Production Management Towards Sustainable Growth”; International audience; The Japanese manufacturing industry has sought to increase its international competitiveness by developing higher value-added products. Simultaneously, R&D that exploits external resources – as typified by open innovation – is also taking hold.Although collaborative product development research between public research institutions and private-sector companies is widely conducted, there are many instances when the results are not achieved due to differing perceptions of the partnership. Under such conditions, especially when the research is publically funded, methods for better managing the projects are being sought at the policy level. Using examples of publically funded industry-academia collaborative projects, this paper considers efficient management methods for projects aimed at such development.The research focuses on changes to the collaborative research system used in partnership projects and shows that it is more effective to conduct collaborative research that incorporates other companies as needed, without fixating on the original make-up of the collaborative system at the start.

Part 3: Knowledge Based Production Management; International audience; From the beginning, knowledge is a preoccupation of human human preoccupation. A lot of questions are still discussed: what is knowledge? How knowledge is built? How is it represented in mind? How can it be kept? How can it be learned? Our challenge is how to capture design project knowledge related to work episodes and how to extract and represent the deep knowledge belonging to the type of projects and design activities. In this paper, we present an approach that helps to capture knowledge from daily design project environment and to aggregate this knowledge as classifications.

Part 3: Knowledge Based Production Management; International audience; The carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) is now drawing attention in the automotive industry and has also recently been adopted for manufacturing bodies of mass produced electric vehicles. The CFRP molding method for automobile body can be largely categorized into the injection and compression methods. The essential difference between the two lies in whether or not the process involves an intermediary material and it became evident that this had a significant impact on quality and productivity. An evaluation was performed to determine which of these methods the valid method for basic molding, is by comparing the nature of such intermediary material with main components of automobile body, which led to the discovery of fundamental issues. A review on how technical developments thus far were considered with regards to such issues, it became evident that while significant progress was being made there was still a divergence from the expected target.

Part 5: Operations Management in Engineer-to-Order Manufacturing; International audience; Companies seeking to implement lean practices in engineer-to-order environments experience major difficulties due to a high degree of non-standard products and non-repetitive processes. Current lean methods need to be further developed to be more efficiently applied in manufacturing environments with high variety and complexity. This paper presents a new approach for value stream mapping adapted to engineer-to-order production systems. The approach combines the classic value stream mapping approach with recent works dealing with lean methods in high mix and complex production systems. Also, it proposes a stronger focus on the choice of location of the customer order decoupling point compared to previous research.

Part 5: Operations Management in Engineer-to-Order Manufacturing; International audience; Engineered-to-order (ETO) networks are dynamic and hard to define, and their planning and control functionalities are commonly affected by the actions of suppliers and customers. Frequently, projects experience delays, budget overruns, and quality defects. Consequently, there is a need for project management that synchronizes engineering and production processes throughout the network.The aim of this study is to develop a project planning maturity model (MMPP) in order to improve project performance in ETO manufacturing networks. Moreover, a multiple case study approach is used to test the applicability of the developed maturity model. The results of the case studies from three ETO case companies show that there is (1) no or low degree of standardization of the planning processes, and (2) there is little or no integration between engineering and production planning processes.

Part 3: Knowledge Based Production Management; International audience; Volume-oriented Changeability (VoC) contributes to a production plant’s profitability and competitiveness in the face of increasing demand volatility and uncertainty, which is characterized by more frequent and severely affecting extreme events. Strategizing VoC in practice entails overcoming obstacles due to dynamic and interdependent target conflicts. Currently, a dedicated and applicable approach is lacking. Based on identified obstacles, requirements are derived for providing plant’s general managers conceptual and methodical support within strategizing VoC. The requirements constitute the result of this paper and should be taken into account by subsequent research on academically sound and practical relevant approaches for the defined purpose.

Part 8: Cloud-Based Manufacturing; International audience; Cloud manufacturing (CMfg) is a novel business paradigm with resource service (RS) sharing being one of the most important purposes. From the perspective of enterprise business interactions, how to achieve full RS sharing is an important research issue in CMfg as it plays a critical role in enhancing the performance and efficiency of a CMfg system. However, the research on CMfg RS sharing is challenged by the complexity of a CMfg system, mainly coming from the vast number of involved enterprises and their complex business interactions. In this paper, we propose a modeling framework for CMfg RS sharing by regarding a CMfg system as a complex system and elaborating the problem from the perspective of complex systems modeling and simulation. We summarize systematically the factors that need to be considered for building a system of CMfg RS sharing, which is followed by the modeling procedure.

Part 3: Knowledge Based Production Management; International audience; Advent of additive manufacturing (AM) as a final-parts production method has the capacity to impact the supply chains radically (The Economist, 2012). This effect extends from raw material procurement to production management and further towards distribution and the final customers. Digitalization of production as for the other industries such as automotive and aerospace reduces the operational complexity, while embedding the complexity in the digital components of the system. For instance, the production planning and control for an AM-enabled manufacturing may be distinctly different compared to conventional production methods. Production routing, loading and scheduling can become simplified as steps of production are combined through AM utilization. Moreover, production dispatching, reporting, inspection and corrective actions require development of novel effective practices. In this paper we investigate the in-depth impact of digital production technologies (e.g. additive manufacturing) on the production management practices. Our methodology is based on conceptual modelling intertwined with case data.

Part 3: Knowledge Based Production Management; International audience; This paper deals with the problem of simultaneous standardization of a set of modules and of multiple sets of components that may be combined in these modules. The aim is to minimize future costs. The components and modules, whether already existing or yet to be created are not related to predetermined BOMs. The problem takes into account coupling constraints between components because not all components included in a module may be coupled (coupling restriction), although some of the restrictions can be lifted through “junction components”. Our approach is readily implemented and significantly improves decisional consistency when compared to the standardization approaches that deal with the problem in isolation as opposed to globally. It also matches the level of detail used in large organizations for forecasting purposes. This approach is illustrated with a real case study of great dimension.

Part 5: Operations Management in Engineer-to-Order Manufacturing; International audience; Global trade is steadily increasing and among the vast amount of traded goods are not only standardized cargo but also a selection of large and bulky heavy loads. Heavy loads often require special attention when it comes to identifying suitable shipping and loading means within logistic processes. In this paper the challenges of heavy load logistics are identified and discussed. Whereas the main goal of the paper is to highlight the challenges and problems in this domain, a possible solution approach within the Design for X framework is introduced briefly.

Part 3: Knowledge Based Production Management; International audience; The beginning of the manufacturing of the flex fuel vehicles in 2003, gave a new dynamic to fuel demand in Brazil. As the flex-fuel vehicles can be supplied with gasoline, hydrated ethanol or the mixture of the both in any proportion, the decision on which fuel to use occurs at the moment of supply, according to the most advantageous price and the consumer’s preference. Considering this scenario, the objective of the present study was to obtain a calculation method to determine the fuel volume used by the flex-fuel vehicle fleet. For this purpose, the fuel conversion in energy units of oil barrels was used. The fuel demand by type of vehicle was obtained through the proportion of the number of vehicles and the distance traveled in the period. The results indicate that there was a behavioral change on fuel consumption by the users of the flex fuel fleet.

Part 5: Operations Management in Engineer-to-Order Manufacturing; International audience; Researchers have recognized engineering changes affecting operations as a major obstacle to the delivery of the product in ETO environment. However, there is little academic literature addressing sources of engineering changes that affect materials management throughout the order fulfillment process in an ETO environment. The key research question addressed in this paper is how the substantive sources of engineering changes impact materials in ETO environment can be identified and categorized. Due to the nature of different supply chain configurations different engineering change situations exists within and across these companies.

Part 5: Sustainability and Production Management; International audience; The ethanol industry in Brazil is going through a period of stagnation, resulting in the reduction of ethanol supply. The ethanol for automotive purposes may be anhydrous, which is used as an anti-detonating additive to gasoline; and hydrated ethanol, which can be used in the flex-fuel vehicles, which can use the biofuel, gasoline or a mixture of both in any proportion. This study is aimed to analyze the contribution that energy from the sugarcane bagasse could bring to the production of corn ethanol in plants adapted to operate with both sugarcane and the cereal. Therefore, it was considered, the surplus energy from sugarcane biomass and maize availability in the producing region. At the end of the article, the results are discussed by providing an analysis of the application of corn as alternative raw material for the production of ethanol in Brazil.

Part 3: Knowledge Based Production Management; International audience; This paper creates an overview of previous research which has been conducted related to how information exchange can improve planning and control decisions in order to establish directions for future research. By synthetizing literature reviews, more than 130 unique papers are considered in the analysis. It is identified that most research only examines a dyad relation, and there exist a strong focus on how to improve the order replenishment by using demand and inventory level information. Case studies, simulation models, and inclusion of more complex network structures is suggested for future research.

Part 1: Collaborative Networks; International audience; Companies, their suppliers and networks of partners need to be aligned to fulfill the strategy to deliver the value and adapt rapidly whatever challenge arises. To be resilient, companies and their networks have to build ecosystems in a systemic thinking. To help firms achieving this, we propose a methodology based on “value drivers” that allows the mapping, the analysis and the management of intangible assets, and the way they are activated through a multi perspective and a multi stakeholder framework.

This paper describes a case study which highlights responsiveness in a Norwegian retail supply chain. The dynamics in the conventional food market is increasing which is seen in online and multichannel shopping concepts, a wide range of campaigns and promotions, and demographic changes. While the conventional food supply chains are designed to handle large product volumes efficiently, this might impact on the responsiveness. This study explores the relation between the responsiveness and demand pattern in Norwegian food retail supply chains, and identifies key principles for the associated planning and control models. This is a pre-print of an article published in [IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology ]. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-22756-6_19

Part 4: Project Management, Engineering Management, and Quality Management; International audience; Designing the supply chain at the same time as developing new innovative products and efficient production processes holds the potential of being a source of competitiveness for a pressured manufacturing industry. This paper studies actors that influence the practices of three dimensional concurrent engineering (3DCE). Developing product, process and supply chain in parallel requires considerable cross-functional coordination and strong supplier involvement. A single case study of a large manufacturer of security products and systems was applied to explore current practices in an ongoing new product development (NPD) project. Five key challenges were found as barriers to performing supply chain design within this complex collaborative effort. Also, five requirements are suggested as enablers to organizations that aim for reaping the benefits of integrating supply chain design in their development process. By understanding the retirements and challenges of this process, the potential of 3DCE can be released and create value for practitioners in industry.

Part 5: Sustainability and Production Management; International audience; In this study the Job-shop scheduling problem with energy considerations is considered. At each moment of the schedule an energy threshold must not be exceeded. This energy threshold is not fixed all along the schedule and can vary. The variation of energy is handled by inclusion of dummy operations. Furthermore, the operations that must be scheduled have a power profile presenting a high energy consumption (peak) at the beginning and a lower consumption after the peak’s end. A mathematical formulation of the problem is proposed. This model is experimented on a short example with the CPLEX 12.4 solver. The schedules obtained show the relevance of the model. This study shows that new approaches for scheduling are no longer avoidable and that it is possible for enterprises to schedule efficiently their tasks according to energy constraints.

Part 9: Ontology-Aided Production - Towards Open and Knowledge-Driven Planning and Control; International audience; Ontologies attract growing interest as a mean for semantic integration of knowledge, applications, models and systems. This particularly applies to the ICT and automation intensive industries. The paper discusses possible novel ontology-aided solutions for managing manufacturing and logistics operations, which result from a foresight research of industries. The professionals from European companies along semi-structured interviewing and brainstorming provided a range of suggestions, mostly in terms of functional requirements. Some novel solutions have been derived and conceptualized this way.

Part 5: Operations Management in Engineer-to-Order Manufacturing; International audience; Ship design and construction involves numerous activities that have to be effectively performed, coordinated and integrated. Various elements can influence the effectiveness of the process due to projects’ large number of stakeholders and the high level of uncertainty. One of the most challenging issues is the delay in product delivery. However, the elements which might result to delay do not develop overnight and there might be early warning signals addressing that the delay, is likely to happen. This paper discusses that by following an early warning procedure, it will be possible to identify possible early warning signs of potential problems which might cause delay. These signs can provide an aid for the project team to take actions before the problem reaches its full impact, thus delaying the project delivery.

Part 5: Sustainability and Production Management; International audience; In the industrial world, since the amount of energy to consume is very large, it is required to manage and reduce energy consumption while maintaining a high productivity. In order to approach the theoretical realization the production conditions that affect a productivity or energy consumption, we investigate the formulation of the relationship between energy consumption and production throughput, and verify it by using numerical simulation.

Part 3: The Practitioner’s View on “Innovative Production Management Towards Sustainable Growth”; International audience; National competitiveness in the manufacturing sector requires continuous investments in innovation, research, and education. Swedish manufacturing industry have joined forces with universities and research institutes to initiate Produktion2030, a successful public-private-partnership research and innovation programme. In this programme, industry is at the helm, to strengthen sustainable production and to increase investments towards advanced manufacturing in Sweden.

Part 4: Project Management, Engineering Management, and Quality Management; International audience; To support the knowledge of specialists during a HAZOP brainstorming session, a support system, which is able to automatically generate a preliminary HAZOP report was developed. The support system, which is based on Coloured Petri Nets (CPNs), simulates the behaviour of the system when different abnormal scenarios occur. The research demonstrates that integration of CPNs and HAZOP is very effective to obtain a smart tool for risk assessment of complex systems, improving the HAZOP analysis procedures.

Part 3: Knowledge Based Production Management; International audience; The development of a company towards high-quality products and services demands higher skills among employees. Furthermore, companies providing extensive training are more likely to be productive and innovative. The question explored in this paper is how the demand for flexibility and high innovation rates in high-tech companies affects the choice of “making or buying” necessary skills. In order to study this, we have made use of organizational theory supported by empirical findings in two Norwegian companies experiencing the need for being flexible and facing challenges regarding increasing innovation pressure. Through our industry insights and specifically the case studies presented, we are led to conclude that in-house training programs contribute to build important prerequisites for flexible organizations with capability to innovate and change.

Part 1: Collaborative Networks; International audience; Based on current research and industrial experience, it is found to be a challenge with “silos” where an asset with several disciplines have poor collaboration and result in sub-optimised outcome in production. A structured approach to tackle this situation is through the concept of Integrated Planning (IPL). The purpose of this article is through literature study to identify relevant KPIs within both of the disciplines Manufacturing, Planning & Control (MP&C) and Maintenance Management. As a result, Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is used in both of the disciplines and throughput time is an essential KPI in MP&C. Finally, a KPI structure which integrates MP&C and Maintenance Management is developed in this article.

Part 4: The Role of Additive Manufacturing in Value Chain Reconfigurations and Sustainability; International audience; Additive manufacturing is shifting business models towards mass customisation and responsible production paradigms. Such a technology is fostering re-localisation and value-added approaches in order to increase customer involvement into a more flexible and sustainable production process. This paper provides both theoretical tools and case studies to frame the additive manufacturing realm and the distributed fabrication background.

Part 4: Project Management, Engineering Management, and Quality Management; International audience; Recent approaches for Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) aim for the efficient utilization of the available product information. A reason for this is that the amount of information is growing, due to the increasing complexity of products, and concurrent, collaborative processes along the lifecycle. Additional information flows are continuously explored by industry and academia – a recent example is the backflow of information from the usage phase. The large amount of information that has to be handled by companies nowadays and even more in the future, makes it important to separate “fitting” from “unfitting” information. A way to distinguish both is to explore the characteristics of the information, in order to find those information that are “fit for purpose” (information quality). Since the amount of information is so large and the processes along the lifecycle are diverse in terms of their expectations about the information, the problem is similar to finding a needle in a hay stack.This paper is one of two papers aiming to address this problem by giving examples why information quality matters in PLM. It focuses on one particular lifecycle process, in this case product design. An existing approach, describing information quality by 15 dimensions, is applied to the selected design process.