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Population genetic survey of the indigenous populations of the Marii El Republic, represented by the two major ethnographic groups of Maris, Meadow (five samples from Morkinsk, Orshansk, Sernursk, Sovetsk, and Zvenigovsk districts) and Mountain (one sample from Gornomariisk district) Maris, was carried out. All Mari groups were examined at nine polymorphic DNA loci of nuclear genome, VNTR(PAH) (N=422), STR(PAH) (N=152), VNTR(ApoB) (N=294), VNTR(DAT1) (N=363), VNTR(eNOS) (N=373), ACE (N=412), IVS6aGATT (N=513), D7S23(KM.19) (N=494), and D7S8 (N=366). Allele and genotype frequency distribution patterns were obtained for individual samples and ethnographic groups, as well as for the ethnic group overall. In each of six Mari samples examined, the deficit of heterozygotes was observed, i.e., the mean observed heterozygosity was lower than the expected one. The indices of mean heterozygosity, $$\bar H_S = 0.455$$ , and interpopulation differentiation, $$\bar F_{ST} = 0.0024$$ , for the Mari gene pool were obtained using a set of DNA markers analyzed. The highest level of interpopulation differentiation is characteristic of ACE loci (F ST=0.0104) and D7S23(KM.19/PstI) (F ST=0.0123). Analysis of the genetic distances and interpopulation differentiation (F ST) showed that the main part of genetic diversity in Maris was determined by the differentiation between the populations of Meadow Maris. The contribution of the differences between the ethnographic groups of Mountain and Meadow Maris to the ethnic gene pool was small. It is suggested that the main role in the formation of the Mari gene pool is played by the geographic factor.

In this paper we demonstrate the possibility of extracting original detail information about domain kinetics during polarization reversal in thin ferroelectric films from the switching current data. The developed method of mathematical treatment was verified by computer simulations and direct experiments in model ferroelectric single crystals.

The Mendeleev Institute of Chemical Technology in Moscow has developed a technology for magnetic materials based on barium hexaferrite from wastes obtained in galvanic processing [i]. The presence in the galvanizing slurry of a significant amount of Cr, Ca, Ni, Cu, and Mg compounds causes, upon reaction with the BaCOn, the formation of other ferrites besides the barium hexaferrite, and these exert a definite influence on the magnetic properties and abradability of the resulting material.

1. Heating curves with differential registration, using a registering pyrometer, are constructed for the perhydrates Na2CO2·H2O·1,SH2O2 and Na2CO2·H2O·2H2O2. The curves have two inflections, the first being due to an endothermic effect, associated with dehydration, and the second to an exothermic effect, due to thermal decomposition of perhydrate, with evolution of oxygen. 2. The anhydrous perhydrates Na2CO2·1.5H2O2 and Na2CO3·2H2O2 may readily be prepared from the hydrated salts obtained from sodium carbonate and aqueous perhydrol, by heating at temperature exothermic effects, in vacuum.

1. The reaction of gaseous N2O4 with ozonized oxygen in a 1∶2 molar ratio gives a 99.3% yield of N2 O5. 2. In the reaction of solid N2O5 at −78°, or N2O5 dissolved in CCl4 at −10°, with ozone the composition of N2O5 is unaltered. 3. We have determined for the first time the solubility of N2O5 in CCl4 in the range −10 to +19°. The solubility increases with the temperature and reaches 45.5% at 19°C.