Search

Los factores que determinan la adopción de prácticas de conservación a nivel agropecuario son específicos de los sitios de estudio e identificarlos es necesario para tomar decisiones a nivel local. Objetivo: en el presente trabajo, tomando como referencia cinco categorías de factores relacionados con la adopción de prácticas de conservación, se buscó identificar aquellos factores que determinan la adopción de prácticas de conservación del agua en sistemas ganaderos de una cuenca alto andina con prioridad de conservación en el departamento de Caldas (Colombia). Métodos: en el estudio se cuantificaron algunas variables, obtenidas a través de una encuesta realizada entre Febrero-Abril del 2009 a 69 tomadores de decisión de predios ganaderos del sector, las cuáles fueron incluidas en un modelo de regresión Logit para explicar la adopción. Las variables significativas fueron graficadas para medir el efecto que ejercen sobre la probabilidad de adopción. Resultados: los resultados del modelo muestran que aunque los factores relacionados con aspectos biofísicos de los predios (NAC y LIM) y los factores de riesgo e incertidumbre (TEN y CAP) son significativos, en la zona de estudio existen otros factores que también son significativos, como los relacionados con los tomadores de decisión (EDU) y los recursos de dotación de los predios (TAM). Conclusiones: con relación al efecto de las variables significativas sobre la probabilidad de adopción, no es preciso llegar a una conclusión sobre cuál o cuáles son las más importantes, sin embargo, los resultados del modelo y la determinación de los efectos, ofrecen elementos para dirigir las acciones de conservación en la zona, permiten generar algunas recomendaciones en tal sentido y pueden servir de referente en zonas ganaderas relacionadas con ecosistemas acuáticos alto andinos. Factors determining the adoption of water conservation practices are specific to the study sites and need to be identified to develop local policies. Objective: identify factors that determine the adoption of water conservation practices in cattle farms in a high Andean watershed, given that this area is considered a conservation priority in Caldas province, Colombia. Methods: in this study, five factor categories related to the adoption of conservation practices were used as a reference. The study quantified variables obtained by survey from February to April 2009. A total of 69 farmers were surveyed. A Logit regression model was used to explain adoption of conservation practices. Significant variables were plotted to measure their effect on the probability of practice adoption. Results: model results show that although factors related to biophysical properties (NAC and LIM) along with risk and uncertainty factors (TEN and CAP) were significant, other factors are also significant in the study area, such as those related with decision makers (EDU) and farm resources (TAM). Conclusions: regarding the effect of significant variables on the probability of adoption, it is not necessary to reach a conclusion about which ones are most important; however, the model results and the determination of the effects offer keys to direct the conservation actions in the area, allowing to generate recommendations in this regard that can be used as reference in cattle areas around high Andean aquatic ecosystems. Os fatores que determinam a adoção de práticas de conservação agrícola são específicos dos locais de estudo. Objetivo: usando como referência 5 categorias de fatores relacionados com a adoção de práticas de conservação ao nível pecuário, neste estudo tentou se identificar os fatores que determinam a adoção de práticas de conservação da água nos sistemas pecuários da bacia alta do rio Guarinó em Caldas. Métodos: no estudo quantificaram-se algumas variáveis obtidas através de enquetes realizados desde Fevereiro até Abril do 2009, para 69 tomadores de decisão, as quais foram incluídas em um modelo de regressão logística para explicar a adoção. As variáveis significativas foram plotadas para medir o efeito que exercem sobre a probabilidade de adoção. Resultados: os resultados do modelo demonstram que embora os fatores relacionados com aspectos biofísicos dos prédios (NAC e LIM) e os fatores de risco e incerteza (TEN e CAP) foram significativos, na zona de estudo existem outros fatores que também foram significativos: os que tem relação com os tomadores de decisão (EDU) e os recursos de dotação dos prédios (TAM). Conclusões: em relação ao efeito das variáveis significativas sobre a probabilidade de adoção, não é preciso chegar a uma conclusão sobre qual ou quais são as de maior importância, entretanto, os resultados do modelo e a determinação dos efeitos, oferecem elementos para dirigir as ações de conservação da região que permitem gerar algumas recomendações. Nesse sentido, podem servir como referência em regiões pecuárias que tenham relação com ecossistemas aquáticos andinos.

L'article analyse la dynamique des systemes d'elevage d'un territoire montagneux albanais sous fortes contraintes socio-economiques, geographiques et historiques. L'objectif est de comprendre les processus qui ont conduit a la coexistence de systemes d'elevage contrastes dans ce territoire et de montrer comment cette coexistence est liee a l'utilisation des ressources pastorales. Suite a la chute du regime communiste en 1991, la forte migration de la population vers les zones de plaine et la croissance de la demande pour les produits laitiers et carnes ont entraine une augmentation de la production et de la taille des troupeaux dans ce territoire, avec une pression accrue sur les ressources pastorales. Les enquetes realisees dans cinq villages permettent de proposer une typologie des systemes d'elevage, montrant la diversite des resultats economiques et des usages des ressources pastorales. Ces resultats questionnent l'evolution de l'elevage pastoral en Albanie dans le cadre d'une possible integration de ce pays a l'Union europeenne. The article analyses the dynamics of livestock systems in an Albanian mountainous territory under strong socio-economic, geographic and historical constraints. The objective is to understand the processes that have led to the coexistence of contrasting livestock systems in this territory and to show how this coexistence is linked to the use of pastoral resources. Following the fall of the communist regime in 1991, the strong migration of the population to the lowland areas and the increase of the demand for dairy and meat products has resulted in increased production and herd size in this territory, with increased pressure on pastoral resources. The surveys carried out in five villages make it possible to propose a typology of livestock systems, showing the diversity of economic results and uses of pastoral resources. These results question the evolution of pastoral farming in Albania in the context of a possible integration of this country into the European Union., Cahiers Agricultures, 30

This position paper summarizes the current understanding of biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) to identify research needs for accelerating the development of BNI as a N2O mitigation strategy for grazed livestock systems. We propose that the initial research focus should be on the systematic screening of agronomically desirable plants for their BNI potency and N2O reduction potential. This requires the development of in situ screening methods that can be combined with reliable N2O emission measurements and microbial and metabolomic analyses to confirm the selective inhibition of nitrification. As BNI-induced reductions in N2O emissions can occur by directly inhibiting nitrification, or via indirect effects on other N transformations, it is also important to measure gross N transformation rates to disentangle these direct and indirect effects. However, an equally important challenge will be to discern the apparent influence of soil N fertility status on the release of BNIs, particularly for more intensively managed grazing systems.

This study analyzed the link between organic beef production and agroecosystems in mountain areas and the potential effects of land use change in eight farms of Catalan Pyrenees with a three step approach: (i) assessment of structural and management features, (ii) comparison of forage productivity and manure loads of 71 farmland parcels in relation with management intensity (natural meadows, seminatural meadows, temporary crops) and, for meadow parcels, with the farmers&rsquo, willingness to convert them to temporary crops, (iii) life cycle assessment of the environmental impacts. Each farm managed around 150 ha of pastures and 23 ha of farmland (of which only 5 as temporary crops), and maintained a herd of around 130 livestock units. Forage productivity and manure loads of farmland were modest and extremely variable, and no productive advantages could be predicted from the conversion of meadows to temporary crops. Environmental impacts were mostly related to the on-farm stages, because of low-input management and very high feed self-sufficiency, and the diets used showed very low feed/food competition. These results indicate a balance between organic beef production and management of mountain agroecosystems, which is a key point for sustainability and should be a priority in European policies and strategies.

The article offers information on the "Ventilation and Air Quality for Livestock Systems Field Day" to be hosted by the University of Illinois Extension and the Department of Agriculture and Biological Engineering on November 7, 2012 in Urbana, Illinois.

The article offers information on the "Ventilation and Air Quality for Livestock Systems Field Day" to be hosted by the University of Illinois Extension and the Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (ABE) on November 7, 2012 at the Agricultural Engineering Farm in Urbana, Illinois.

The article offers information on the "Ventilation and Air Quality for Livestock Systems Field Day," hosted by the University of Illinois Extension and the Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (ABE) and to be held in Urbana, Illinois on November 7, 2012.