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[Objective] The aims are to clarify the effect of soil crust on the basic characteristics and water erosion of alpine meadow mound soil, and to provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation of water erosion characteristics and the restoration and protection of local ecological vegetation in the future. [Methods] The physical crusts, lichen crusts and moss crusts on the surface of plateau zokor mounds in the rodent degradation area of Henan County, Qinghai Province were taken as the research samples, and the fresh zokor mounds with native meadow and without crust were taken as the control. The physical and mechanical characteristics of different types of soil crusts, the rule of water erosion and the correlation between soil erosion and erodibility factors were analyzed and discussed by combining field investigation and in-situ simulated rainfall erosion test. [Results]（1） The soil moisture contents of different crusts on the surface of mound decreased in the order: moss crust＞lichen crust＞physical crust, and there was significant difference between native meadow and fresh zokor mound（p＜0.05）. The order of soil compactness and cohesion within 0—2 cm was native meadow＞physical crust＞moss crust＞lichen crust＞fresh zokor mound. Compared with fresh zokor mounds without crusts, the occurrence of soil crusts could improve the water and soil conservation capacity of mound soil by modifying the basic characteristics of soil.（2） The total amount of soil loss deceased in the order: fresh zokor mound ＞physical crust＞lichen crust＞moss crust＞native meadow, and had a positive correlation with rainfall intensity. The 10～15 minutes of rainfall erosion was the sensitive period of rainfall erosion in different soil crusts, and the soil loss rate increased first and then decreased. Compared with fresh mounds without crusts, different types of mound crusts could improve the soil erosion resistance. The order of soil erosion resistance is: native meadow＞moss crust＞lichen crust＞physical crust＞fresh zokor mound.（3） Based on the double test method of correlation degree and correlation analysis, soil crust mainly changed the basic physical and mechanical properties of the surface soil of the mound, which led to the difference of soil erosion. Among them, soil moisture content, density and void ratio were the key factors affecting soil erosion. [Conclusion] Soil crusts can inhibit the water erosion of alpine meadow mound soil to varying degrees by promoting the basic physical and mechanical properties of soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Department of Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Kunming Medical University / Kunming Yike Daxue Xuebao is the property of Kunming Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] The aims of this study are to clarify the basic characteristics of soil and the pattern of wind erosion in different types of degraded bare patches in alpine meadow, reveal the interaction between soil physical and mechanical properties with soil wind erosion, then provide a theoretical basis for the restoration and protection of ecological vegetation in the source region of the Yellow River. [Methods] Based on the field investigation and in-situ test, the physical and mechanical characteristics of soil, the difference of soil wind erosion pattern and correlation between soil wind erosion and erodibility factors were analyzed and discussed in seven kinds of meadow degraded barren land and plateau zokor mound in the Yellow River source. [Results]（1） There were significant differences in the basic physical and mechanical properties of soils in different degraded bald land. The average soil moisture content, density, compactness and cohesion of seven bald land were 1.3 times, 2.6 times, 14.2 times and 5.0 times of plateau zokor hill, respectively. The restoration and growth of Saussurea eopygmaea in bald land had the strongest ability to retain water and soil, while Elsholtzia densa and Artemisia hedinii were relatively weak.（2） After 60 min of wind erosion, the total soil loss of plateau zokor mound was 1.3～4.4 times that of degraded barren land; the increment of wind erosion amount increased first and then decreased with the wind erosion time. The first 5～10 min of wind erosion was the sensitive period of soil wind erosion. Soil wind erosion in different degraded bald spots was related to vegetation restoration types, and was inversely proportional to soil physical and mechanical index values.（3） There was a linear negative correlation between soil wind erosion and vegetation coverage, soil moisture content and soil compaction, and an exponential negative correlation between soil wind erosion and soil cohesion. Soil wind erosion was significantly negatively correlated with soil cover, moisture content, compactness and cohesion, and significantly negatively correlated with soil density and soil average particle size, respectively. [Conclusion] Different types of degraded bare lands have an inhibitory effect on soil wind erosion by improving the basic physical and mechanical properties of soil. Among them, the inhibition effect of Saussurea eopygmaea is the best, and the inhibition effect of Elsholtzia densa and Artemisia hedinii are relatively weak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the potential mechanism of Osteoking （OK） in the treatment of Osteoarthritis （OA） and preliminarily verify it with DMM rats. Methods TCMSP database was used to collect potential targets of OK, GeneCards database and OMIM were used to screen target genes related to OA, and Cytoscape 3.8.2 software was used to establish a regulatory network for interaction between OK Active ingredient and OA target genes. The STRING database was used to construct protein interaction maps and GO and KECG were analyzed. In addition, OA rats were constructed using medial meniscus instability surgery （DMM） to observe knee joint cartilage lesions, and ELISA was used to detect inflammation and oxidative stress levels after OK treatment. Results Network pharmacology results showed that 80 core genes were involved in OK therapy for OA, including serum albumin （ALB） and interleukin-6 （IL6), mainly involving biological processes such as immunity, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and metabolism. Animal experiments showed that compared with the model group, the surface structure of the articular cartilage in the OK group of rats tended to be normal, with less detachment of chondrocytes; OK reduced serum inflammatory factors IL-6 （P < 0.01), VEGF （P < 0.01), and oxidative stress factor MDA （P < 0.05), improved ALB levels and SOD activity （P < 0.01). Conclusion OK can alleviate OA cartilage tissue damage, enhance immunity, and inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress reactions, preliminarily verifying the results of network pharmacology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To lay the hematdogical physiology foundation for establishment and evaluation of Tupaia belangeri chinensis model of human disease．Methods We selected 92 Tupaia belangeri chinensises，including 46 male and 46 female. After fasting for 12 hours，we collected Tupaia belangeri chinensises'heart blood including anesthesia，in EDTA-K2 anticoagulation tube. Then by automatic blood cell analyzer we detected various hematological indexes，and using SPSS statistics software to analyse the data．Finally，the measurement value of Tupaia belangeri chinensis in hematology physiological indicators and the human hematology physiological indicators reference value were compared．Results Tupaia belangeri chinensis in female and male hematology physiology index value had significant difference（ ＜0.05）， such as red blood cell count， hemoglobin， hematocrit， hemoglobin concentration，red cell distribution width coefficient of variation，and the rest of the index value had no significant differences（ ＞0.05）．Tupaia belangeri chinensis merge，female and male hematology physiology index value and the human hematology physiological index reference values were compared，and the result showed that the white blood cell, neutrophil, eosinophil percentage percentage，absolute value of neutrophilic granulocyte， monocyte，absolute value of mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration，erythrocyte hemoglobin distribution width are lower than the reference value，and the percentage of lymphocytes，red blood cell count，hemoglobin，hematocrit，red cell distribution width coefficient of variation， platelet counts were higher than the reference value，and mononuclear cell percentage，basophil percentage, absolute value of lymphocytes，basophils absolute values were in the human reference value range．Conclusion The hematology physiological indicators of tupaia belangeri chinensis are measured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science) is the property of Dongbei Daxue Xuebao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shandong Medical Journal is the property of Shandong Medical Health Newspapers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health is the property of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of oral vitamin D combined with topical halometasone cream in the treatment of mild to moderate alopecia areata (AA) with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25- (OH)D3]. Methods A total of 45 AA patients with low 25- (OH)D3 admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from April 2019 to April 2021 were randomly divided into the two groups. The patients in the control group (n=21) were given the therapy of topical halometasone cream twice a day, while the patients in the study group (n=24) were treated with oral vitamin D drops daily on the basis of topical halometasone cream. After 12 weeks of treatment, the efficacy, adverse reaction and short-term recurrence of the patients in the two groups were analyzed. Results The effective rate of the study group was 87. 5%, higher than 61. 9% of the control group, with statistically significant difference (P＜0. 05). No serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups. There was no short-term recurrence in the study group, while three cases in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference in recurrence rate between the two groups (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The combination therapy of oral vitamin D drops and halometasone cream for AA with mild 25-(OH)D3 has significant efficacy, and there is no obvious adverse reaction and low recurrence rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge immersed tunnel project under construction is in the range of the influence of Pearl River Delta's runoff. In order to get the large runoff effects on immersed tube installation, we carried on a series of observation and research on tide, current, and seawater density. The large runoff from Pearl River Delta flood season has influence on current, seawater density and turbidity within actual measurement. It has a great influence on the immersed tunnel construction, especially on the key processes of immersed tube floating and sinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of Huayu Mingmu Recipe-containing serum on the inhibition of high glucose and VEGF-induced angiogenesis of human retinal microvascilar endothelial cells (HRMECs) based on VEGFA/ VEGFR2-PI3K/AKT signal axis. Methods Huayu Mingmu Recipe-containing serum was prepared. CCK-8 method was used to screen the optimal concentration and intervention time of VEGF-induced HRMECs. The HRMECs dysfunction model was replicated by the induction of high glucose and VEGF. The grouping and intervention were as following: ①a blank group: ECM complete culture medium+10% blank serum; ②a high glucose model group: ECM complete culture medium containing 25 mmol·L-1 sugar+10% blank serum; ③a high glucose intervention group: ECM complete culture medium containing 25 mmol·L-1 sugar+10% drug-containing serum; ④a VEGF model group: ECM complete culture medium+10 ng·mL-1 VEGF+10% blank serum; ⑤a VEGF intervention group: ECM complete culture medium+10 ng·mL-1 VEGF+10% drug-containing serum. The scratch experiment was carried out to detect cell migration ability. Cell lumen formation was investigated through luminal formation assay. Cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. Immunocytochemistry, Western Blot, and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), Caspase-9, Bcl-2 associated death promoter (Bad) in cells. Results The HRMECs dysfunction model was replicated by the intervention of 10 ng · mL-1 VEGF for 24 h. Compared with the blank group, the high glucose model group and the VEGF model group showed a significant increase in cell migration distance and lumen formation number (P < 0.01) . The protein and mRNA expression levels of VEGFA, VEGFR2, PI3K, AKT were significantly increased (P < 0.01), but no significant change was observed in the protein and mRNA expression levels of Caspase-9 and Bad (P > 0.05). After the intervention of Huayu Mingmu Recipe-containing serum, HRMECs migration distance decreased (P < 0.01), the number of lumen formation decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), the apoptosis rate of cells obviously increased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), the protein and mRNA expression levels of VEGFA, VEGFR2, PI3K, and AKT were remarkably reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while the protein and mRNA expression levels of Caspase-9 and Bad were significantly increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) as compared with the high glucose model group and the VEGF model group. Conclusion Huayu Mingmu Recipe exerted inhibitory effect on retinal angiogenesis induced by high glucose and VEGF, which may be related to the inhibition of VEGFA/VEGFR2-PI3K/AKT signal axis and up-regulation of the expression of Caspase-9 and Bad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inner wall of the quartz crucible for continuous Czocharlski will form more bubbles with the increase of Czocharlski times, and it is easy to generate dislocations in the crystal and the erosive silicon melt, which will cause the crucible to dissolve and corrode over time. In order to study the effect of the interaction of erosive silicon melt with bubbles on the crucible, in situ observations of the performance of quartz crucibles are expected. However, the extremely high temperature environment inside single crystal furnaces makes it difficult to investigate their interiors experimentally. In this paper, the pore-crack on the inner surface of the quartz crucible are taken as the research object, and the finite element simulation is used to obtain the stress intensity factor values of different pore shapes, crack shapes and crack inclination angles of the quartz crucible under high temperature cyclic loading at different Czocharlski stages. The results show that with the increase of the crack inclination angle, the KΙ value shows a trend of gradually decreasing, the Kâ...¢ value shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the Kâ...¢ value is symmetrical distributed along 45°; furthermore, with the increase of the pore depth/diameter ratio, KΙ value shows a decreasing trend, and the rate of reduction when the depth/diameter ratio is equal to 1 as the boundary has a significant increase, Kâ...¢ is much smaller than KΙ value, indicating that the dominant form of cracking is type â...; the crack shape ratio has a significant impact on the value of KΙ or Kâ...¢, and the smaller the shape ratio, the greater the value of the stress intensity factor at the crack tip; when the inclination angle is 0°, the total stress intensity factor K value is the largest, which will make the crack most likely to expand and the most harmful to the quartz crucible. Finally, in the case of continuous Czocharlski, the total stress intensity factor of the crown growth process is always greater than that of the equal diameter growth, cone and cooling growth process. Simulation results bring certain theoretical guiding significance for production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of image classification, existing methods such as deep learning require a large number of annotated samples for training and are unable Lo identify classes that do not appear in the training phase. Zero-shot learning tasks can effectively alleviate such problems. This study proposed a new zero-shot learning method, namely low-rank stacked semantic auto-encoder (LSSAE) based on slacked auto-encoder and low-rank embedding. The model was based on an encoding-decoding mechanism where the encoder learned a projection function with a low-rank structure for concatenating the visual feature space, the semantic space and the labels. It reconstructed the original visual features in the decoding stage. And the low-rank embedding enabled the learned model to share the semantic information of the seen classes when anticipating the unseen classes for better classification. Experiments were conducted on five common datasets in this study, and the results show that the proposed LSSAE outperforms existing zero-shot learning methods which is an effective zero-shot learning method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The elastic problem of anisotropic functionally graded rotating disks with non-uniform thicknesses was studied. The material properties and thicknesses of the disk change with an arbitrary gradient along the radial direction, and the disk displacement is constrained at the central axis of rotation and the edge is free. According to the equilibrium differential equations for the anisotropic rotating disk, the Fredholm integral equation of radial stresses was obtained, and then numerically solved to calculate the displacement and stress fields. For any specific situation of gradient change, it is only needed to substitute the corresponding gradient parameters into the equation for solution. In the numerical examples, firstly, the parameters such as the thickness and the elastic modulus were assumed to be of special power functions. The numerical solutions obtained from the Fredholm integral equation were compared with the corresponding exact solutions and the FEM solutions by the ANSYS software for the common Voigt model, to validate the method. Then, the effects of the thickness change, the gradient parameters and different degrees of anisotropy on the stress and displacement fields, were numerically analyzed with the common Voigt model. The proposed elastic analysis method for disk structures with arbitrary gradient changes along the radial direction, is promising in the application of structural optimization. The analysis results can guide the engineers to design safer and more economical functionally graded structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Kunming Medical University / Kunming Yike Daxue Xuebao is the property of Kunming Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies is the property of Editorial Department of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The crayfish industry, primarily focused on Procambarus clarkii, is expanding rapidly but encounters challenges due to inadequate automation. Traditional manual visual inspection methods used for evaluating crayfish size and integrity during breeding and processing are labor-intensive and prone to errors. This study presents an improved algorithm based on the YOLOv8n framework to intelligently recognize and grade crayfish by accurately detecting the body, tail, and claws of Procambarus clarkii. The proposed approach introduces innovation by replacing the original loss function CloU (Complete Intersection over Union) with MPDIoU (Modified Perfect Dark Intersection over Union). A novel scale factor, denoted as the ratio, has been introduced to adjust the size of the auxiliary bounding box within the loss calculation framework. This improvement, in conjunction with the MPDIoU loss function, notably enhances the accuracy and efficiency of bounding box regression. As a result, it enables the precise detection of the distinct body parts of crayfish, a pivotal advancement in automating the grading process. Empirical assessments demonstrated substantial enhancements in recognition accuracy. The incorporation of Inner-MPDIoU into the YOLOv8n model elevated the mean Average Precision (mAP) from 83.7% to 90.8% across loU thresholds ranging from 0.5 to 0.95. The results of this study highlight the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in precisely recognizing critical elements of Procambarus clarkii. This investigation contributes to the overarching goal of attaining intelligent and accurate grading within the crayfish domain, potentially transforming conventional practices and enhancing industry productivity. The implications transcend mere automation, providing a groundwork for future exploration into intelligent systems tailored to the unique requirements of the crayfish industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural diesel engines can be operated continuously under complex and variable conditions for extended periods. The higher requirements are posed on the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) regeneration and reliability. This study aims to enhance the safe and efficient performance of DPF regeneration, emissions, and fuel economy of agricultural diesel engines. An intelligent multi-objective optimization was also proposed to enhance multiple cyclic training. Taking the agricultural engines as the research object, the sample data of the bench test was obtained after experimental design. A prediction model was then constructed in the conditions of DPF regeneration using a Back Propagation neural network (BPNN). According to the Seagull Optimization Algorithm (SOA), the Adaptive Memory Seagull Optimization (AMSO) was proposed to optimize the structure parameters of the BPNN model, in order to meet the requirements of precision. The targets of optimization included T4, T5, O2 concentration, Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), NOx, and smoke opacity. In the specific conditions of agricultural diesel engines, multi-objective optimization of injection and intake control parameters was realized under regeneration mode using the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA)-III. The AMSO-BP prediction model was used to evaluate the fitness of the Pareto optimal solutions, in order to validate the NSGA-III optimal dataset. The optimized MAP values were written into the Engine Control Unit (ECU) after bench tests. Steady-state and World Harmonized Transient Cycle (WHTC) experiments were carried out to verify the multi-objective optimization of the model. The results indicate that the AMSO significantly outperformed the SOA in the optimization of the BPNN prediction model. The AMSO-BPNN prediction model more accurately utilized experimental data to predict the T4, T5, O2 concentration, BSFC, NOx, and smoke opacity, with the R² values of 0.97, 0.99, 0.95, 0.99, 0.98, and 0.95, respectively, on the validation set. Furthermore, the Mean Absolute Percentage Errors (MAPE) on the validation set were reduced by 0.1%, 0.33%, 0.8%, 0.04%, 0.08%, and 4.2%, respectively, compared with the SOA-BP model. The steady-state tests before and after optimization showed that T4 and T5 increased by an average of 3.14%, where the concentration of exhaust oxygen increased by 2.07% and 10.79%, respectively. Simultaneously, the average reductions in the NOx, smoke opacity, and BSFC were 8.68%, 12.07%, and 1.03%, respectively. Efficient and safe DPF regeneration was achieved to significantly reduce the emissions of diesel engines. There was particularly notable optimization under the operation of agricultural diesel engines, which were often working at low speeds and high loads, fully meeting the usage requirements of these engines. The WHTC transient test also showed that the effectiveness of the optimization was achieved in the T4, T5, and O2 concentrations, which increased by 31%, 2.6%, and 0.5%, respectively. Additionally, NOx and soot emissions decreased by 10.4% and 0.8%, and BSFC was reduced by 3.5%. These findings demonstrate that better performance was obtained under the complex and variable conditions of agricultural diesel engines. In conclusion, the safe and efficient DPF regeneration can be expected to reduce the emissions and operational costs for agricultural diesel engines. The specific requirements of agricultural diesel engines can also be fully met to enhance the system reliability in the engineering application. This research can offer practical guidance to optimize the control parameters under the regeneration mode of diesel engines, particularly for more sustainable and efficient agricultural machinery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the problems of poor trajectory specification, unsecured safety, and unsmooth paths planned by the artificial potential field (APF) in the high-speed overtaking state of intelligent vehicles. The lane-changing gravitational potential field was designed to guide the smart vehicle to change lanes to ensure the normality of the lane-changing trajectory. An obstacle vehicle repulsive potential field with an anisotropic distribution structure was constructed to improve the safety of lane changing, and the road centerline repulsive potential field with a steering notch and design the smoothing cost function was established to optimize the planned trajectory points to make the planned path smoother. The path tracking controller based on linear quadratic regulator (LQR) was designed to track the planned path. Through the joint simulation of Simulink and Carsim, the results show that the improved APF algorithm can plan a more reasonable path, and the tracking error of the designed LQR path tracking controller tends to be close to zero, which can better control the vehicle to complete the overtaking lane change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 探讨颅内动脉与颈动脉并存斑块分布特征对卒中复发风险的预测价值。 方法 连续纳入2周内发生缺血性卒中且至少一侧颈动脉存在粥样硬化斑块的患者，于基线期进行颅外颈动脉多对比度MR血管壁成像和颅内动脉MRA检查。随后对所有患者进行至少1年的随访研究，观察有无缺血性卒中复发。分析粥样硬化斑块在颅外颈动脉不同节段的分布特征，以及前循环颅内动脉狭窄并存颅外颈动脉不同节段斑块的发生率。采用Cox回归计算前循环颅内动脉狭窄并存颈动脉不同节段斑块对缺血性卒中复发的预测价值。 结果 共纳入117例患者，平均年龄为（62.6±11.8）岁，其中男性85例，中位随访时间为12.0（11.1～12.8）个月，有31例（26.5%）患者发生缺血性卒中复发。前循环颅内动脉狭窄并存颈动脉球部斑块与卒中复发显著相关（HR 2.535，95%CI 1.085～5.922，P=0.032），校正年龄、性别、BMI混杂因素后该相关性仍具有统计学意义（HR 2.903，95%CI 1.114～7.565，P=0.029）。前循环颅内动脉狭窄并存颈动脉其他节段斑块与卒中复发无相关（P>0.05）。 结论 在缺血性卒中且至少一侧颈动脉存在粥样硬化斑块的患者中，前循环颅内动脉狭窄并存颈动脉球部斑块与卒中复发独立相关。 Abstract: Objective To investigate the predictive value of intracranial and carotid arteries coexisting atherosclerotic plaque distribution characteristics for the risk of stroke recurrence. Methods Patients with ischemic stroke within 2 weeks and at least one carotid plaque were consecutively included and underwent multi-contrast MR vessel wall imaging for extracranial carotid arteries and MRA for intracranial arteries at baseline. All patients were followed up for at least 1 year to record stroke recurrence. The distribution characteristics of atherosclerotic plaque in different segments of the extracranial carotid artery and the incidence of coexisting intracranial artery stenosis in anterior circulation and extracranial carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques in different segments were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Cox regressions were used to calculate the predictive value of coexisting intracranial artery stenosis in anterior circulation and carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques in different segments for stroke recurrence. Results A total of 117 patients were included, with a mean age of (62.6±11.8) years, including 85 males. The median follow-up time was 12.0(11.1-12.8) months, and 31(26.5%) patients experienced stroke recurrence. Coexisting intracranial artery stenosis in the anterior circulation and atherosclerotic plaques in the segment of the carotid bulb was significantly associated with stroke recurrence (HR 2.535, 95%CI 1.085-5.922, P=0.032). After adjusting for confounding factors (age, sex, and BMI), this association remained statistically significant (HR 2.903, 95%CI 1.114-7.565, P=0.029). No significant association was found between intracranial artery stenosis in anterior circulation coexistent with atherosclerotic plaque in other segments of the carotid artery and stroke recurrence (P>0.05). Conclusions In patients with ischemic stroke and at least one carotid plaque, coexisting intracranial artery stenosis in anterior circulation and atherosclerotic plaque in the segment of the carotid bulb was independently associated with stroke recurrence.

Closed reduction under general anesthesia and plaster fixation in human position are commonly applied for treating developmental dislocation of the hip (DDH) under an age of 24 months. However, around one-third of patients still experience residual acetabular dysplasia after closed reduction. Although pelvic osteotomy is widely utilized for residual acetabular dysplasia, its accurate surgical timing and indications have remained elusive. This study was designed to explore timing and indications of surgical intervention for residual acetabular dysplasia after closed reduction of DDH through a multicenter, prospective and non-randomized controlled trial. There were 183 children in observation group and 100 in pelvic surgical intervention group. The surgical group underwent Salter and Pemberton, Triple pelvic or Periacetabular osteotomy based upon age. The follow-up period was at least 10 years. Anteroposterior radiographs of hip joint were taken at 8 timepoints of 1/ 2/3/4/5-6/7 8/9 10/> 10 years post-reduction surgery for measuring the values of acetabular index (AI), center-edge angle of wiberg (CEA) and Reimer's index (RI). According to the Severin grading of the last follow-up, they were assigned into two groups of satisfactory (grade I/II) and unsatisfactory (grade III/ IV). Logistic and COX regressions were employed for examining the risk factors for residual acetabular dysplasia and comparing the clinical values of AI, CEA, RI and Severin grades between two groups. This study provided evidence-based medical evidence for timing and indications of surgical interventions for residual acetabular dysplasia after closed reduction of DDH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to explore the changing law of twig and leaf size relationship in the vertical structure of woody plants in the dry-hot valley of northwest Guangxi, and provide a theoretical basis for plant protection and vegetation restoration in the dry-hot valley of northwest Guangxi. [Method] The natural secondary forest community in Yachang Forest Farm in the dry-hot valley of northwest Guangxi was studied by using one-way ANOVA, standardized principal axis estimation and correlation analysis to analyze the size difference, allometric growth relationship and correlation relationship among twigs and leaves in different forest layers. [Result] There were significant differences in the traits of most twigs and leaves in different forest layers (P<0.05, the same as below). With the increase of forest layer, twig fresh weight, twig dry weight, twig diameter, total leaf area, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight and leaf dry matter content showed an increasing trend, while twig relative water content, branching intensity, individual leaf area, leaf relative water content and specific leaf area showed a decreasing trend. There was a significant positive allometric growth relationship between twig cross-sectional area and total leaf area, and a significant negative allometric growth relationship between twig cross-sectional area and branching density in different forest layers, with a common slope and significant differences in the intercept of the regression equation, indicating that vertical structure changes do not change the ecological tradeoff between branch size, branch number and leaf area, but significantly changed the proportion of resource allocation for twig and leaf traits. Tall forest plants supported fewer twigs per unit area and more total leaf area. Correlation analysis showed that vertical structure changes have a significant impact on plant twig and leaf traits, and the correlation between plant twig and leaf traits was closer in lower and middle forest than in upper forest. [Conclusion] Vertical structural changes do not significantly affect the ecological tradeoffs between leafy traits in woody plants, but significantly affect the biomass configuration of branches and leaves. The upper woody plants per unit area have a larger leaf area, while the lower woody plants support a larger number of branches, which is an ecological strategy adopted by woody plants in the dry-hot valley of northwest Guangxi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging features as well as surgical treatment outcomes of sacral dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs), in order to improve the understanding and proper management of the disease. Methods The clinical data of 15 patients with sacral DAVFs admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from January 2018 to January 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of the spinal cord before the operation, and all patients underwent spinal angiography for proper diagnosis. Surgical resection or interventional embolization were used for treatment. Results The main clinical symptoms were weakness of both lower limbs in 14 cases (93%), limb sensory disturbance in 12(80%), urinary and bowel dysfunction in 13(86%), and lumbar or lower limb pain in 2(13%). All patients underwent spinal cord angiography (including bilateral internal iliac arteries) to confirm the diagnosis. The fistulas were located at the L5-S3 level. Surgical treatment was performed in 12 cases and interventional embolization in 3. The patients were followed up for 6 to 60 months (mean 26. 2 months). The symptoms were improved in 13 cases (86%). Two patients (14%) were stable, and no patients had worsening symptoms. No residual or recurrence was found in all patients by postoperative imaging examination. Conclusions Sacral DAVFs are rare in clinical practice. Selective spinal angiography must include bilateral intermal iliac arteries to find the fistulas. The presence of dilated filum terminale veins (FTV) in the lumbosacral spinal canal on preoperative MRI is an important basis for further diagnosis of sacral DAVF, Both surgery and interventional therapy are effective for the treatment of sacral DAVFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the treatment outcomes and influencing factors among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province from 2017 to 2022, and to improve a basis for enhancing tuberculosis prevention and control strategies. Methods Individual cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province from 2017 to 2022 were obtained from The Tuberculosis Information Management System, The distribution characteristics of treatment success were described using percentages (%), and the Chi - square test and binary logistic regression model were utilized to analyze the factors influencing treatment outcomes. Results During the period of 2017 to 2022, the annual average registration rate of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province was 97. 27/100 000 population, exhibiting a consistent downward trend (trendy2 = 2 230. 684, P < 0. 001). Meanwhile, the treatment success rate among the patients during the same time period was 92. 89%, demonstrating a steady increase (trendy2 =51. 800, P <0. 001). Analysis results of influencing factors showed that compared with female, age group < 20 years old, cadres and staff, physical examination, negative etiological results, initial treatment, no comorbidities, no other tuberculosis, and negative HIV test results, male (OR 二 0.736, 95% CI：0, 709 - 0. 765), M60 years old age group (OR = 0. 360, 95% C/;0. 323 - 0. 402), farmers (OR = 0. 591, 95% C/：0. 468 一 0. 747), medical treatment due to illness (OR = 0. 716, 95% CI: 0. 599 一 0. 855), retreatment (OR = 0. 570, 95% CI540 一 0. 602), complications (OR 二 0. 789, 95% CI: 0. 752 - 0. 827), other tuberculosis (OR =0, 685, 95% CI: 0. 542 - 0. 867) and positive HIV test results (OR = 0. 387, 95% C/：0. 342 -0.437) were risk factors for successful treatment (P <0. 05). Conclusion Overall, the treatment outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province are highly positive. However, it is essential to recognize that there are disparities in the distribution of treatment outcomes across various population groups. Hence, it is recommended to prioritize the treatment concerns of specific demographics, including male patients, the elderly population, individuals residing in Bijie city, patients with positive microbiological results, HIV = positive patients, individuals requiring retreatment, and those with comorbidities or concurrent tuberculosis. By focusing on these groups, targeted interventions and tailored approaches can be implemented to ensure that all individuals receive optimal treatment and care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of surgical excision, supertensioning suture combined with superficial radiotherapy in the treatment of keloid. Methods Retrospective analysis from June 2020 to January 2022, Department of Cosmetic Medicine, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital,15 patients with keloid (19 pieces of keloids) were treated with weed with surgical excision, hypertension-suture incision, and received superficial radiotherapy within 24 hours after surgery. The patients were treated with 6 MeV electron irradiation, 5 times in a course of treatment, with a total dose of 15 Gy. Modified Vancouver Scar Scale (mVSS) and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) were used before and after combination therapy. Follow-up was conducted for 12 months after treatment to observe the efficacy, adverse reactions and recurrence rate. Results The mVSS score and POSAS score of patients at 1 and 6 months after combined treatment decreased compared to before treatment, the total effective rate was 93.3%, there was only one recurrence, and the recurrence rate was 6.7%. The incidence of local pigmentation was 33.3% (5/15) from 1 to 3 months after radiotherapy, which all subsided after 6 to 9 months, and no complications such as delayed wound healing and dermatitis occurred. Conclusion Surgical excision, supertractive suture combined with superficial radiotherapy is a better treatment for keloid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paraffin embedded tissue section and HE staining were used to study and analyze the muscle tissue of Onychostoma barbatum. The results showed that the skeletal muscle fiber of Onychostoma barbatum was different in size and irregular in shape. It contains a certain number of connective tissue, blood vessels and nerves and other structures. The connective tissue between the myocardial fibers of Onychostoma barba- tum is very developed. The myocardial fibers are arranged like smooth muscle tissue and have not obvious transverse striation. The muscle nucleus is long fusiform and distributes in the middle. The muscle tissue structure of the Onychostoma barbatum is the same as that of the common fish, showing adaptability to its living environment, structure and function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the effect of different doses of D-galactosamine (D-Gal) on non-human primate cynomolgus monkey and to establish a monkey model with different degree of acute liver failure (ALF). Methods Twelve cynomolgus monkeys were evenly divided into the low-, medium- and high-dose groups (n=4) with a dosage of 0.23, 0.25 and 0.27 g/kg, respectively. In each group, the corresponding dose of D-Gal solution was injected into the monkeys through the forearm vein at one time in a sober state (without anesthesia). The survival time of the cynomolgus monkeys was recorded. Digestive tract and hepatic encephalopathy symptoms were observed. Vital signs were measured at 0 h before and 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h after D-Gal administration. Alanine transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin (TB), prothrombin time (PT), blood ammonia and other parameters were detected from the blood samples. The liver tissues were prepared for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to observe the pathological changes. Results All cynomolgus monkeys in the low-dose group survived and transient liver injury was noted without the hepatic encephalopathy symptoms. At 60 h after D-Gal administration, the liver function and coagulation indexes reached the peak, gradually recovered and then basically returned to the normal range at 120 h. In the medium-dose group, the course of disease was relatively slow and gradually recovered after the appearance of severe liver damage and hepatic encephalopathy symptoms and only one animal died. All cynomolgus monkeys in the high-dose group died after developing hepatic encephalopathy symptoms and severe liver damage with a mean survival time of (72±13) h. Pathological examination of liver tissue demonstrated that scattered liver cell necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the liver tissues of the low-dose group. In the medium- and high-dose groups, the hepatic lobule structure was not clear, and the liver cell necrosis in flakes accompanied by evident hemorrhage were documented. Conclusions The D-Gal dosage in the medium- and high-dose groups meet the standards of the ALF model. The degree of ALF in the medium-dose group is relatively slight, which is beneficial to the implementation of liver transplantation. ALF in the high-dose group is relatively severe, which is suitable for the evaluation of the clinical efficacy of therapeutic options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective·To evaluate the long-term performance and influencing factors of auditory and speech abilities, and sociallife abilities in congenital deaf children with cochlear nerve deficiency (CND) after cochlear implant (CI) surgery. Methods· Twenty-one CND children with CI implantation in Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were assigned to CND group, and twenty children with extremely severe sensorineural hearing loss with normal inner ear structure matching implantation age and CI use time of the CND group were selected as control group. The aided hearing threshold, Infant-toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS), LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire (LEAQ), Categories of Auditory Performance-Ⅱ (CAP-Ⅱ), Meaningful Use of Speech Scale (MUSS), Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR), closed and open disyllabic speech recognition test, and speech intelligibility test were used to hierarchically evaluate the subjects′ auditory and verbal abilities, and the Infant-junior Middle School Student′s Social Life Ability Scale (S-M Scale) was used to assess the subjects′ social-life ability. Results·The average aided hearing threshold of each frequency point in the CND group was significantly worse than that of the control group (all P<0.05). In the CND group, 90.5% of children′s aided hearing threshold of all frequencies entered the Chinese banana map. The auditory and speech abilities of the CND group were worse than those of the control group, and the significant differences between the two groups were found in the results of IT-MAIS, CAP-Ⅱ, MUSS, SIR, and closed and open disyllabic speech recognition (all P<0.05), but not in LEAQ. The social-life ability of the CND group was worse than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no correlation between implantation age, usage time of CI, auditory and language rehabilitation time, and auditory and speech ability of the CND group. Conclusion·CI is an effective auditory intervention method for children with CND, but their average auditory and speech abilities and social-life abilities are significantly behind those of CI users with normal inner ear structure. Therefore, for CND children, individualized communication strategies and rehabilitation training methods should be emphasized, and the cultivation of social-life ability and psychological guidance should be strengthened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the relationship between serum α-synuclein (α-synuclein) and melatonin (MT) levels and sleep quality, circadian rhythm preference and cognitive function impairment in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: 118 patients with schizophrenia who were treated to the Wuhu Fourth People's Hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were included in the study and classified as the observation group. 80 healthy people as the control group. Serum α-synuclein and MT levels were detected and compared between the two groups, and the sleep quality, circadian rhythm preference and cognitive function impairment were compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation analyze the relationship between serum α-synuclein and MT levels and Morning and Evening Questionnaire (MEQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) scores, and Consensus Version of the Cognitive Function Complete Test (MCCB). Results: The serum α-synuclein and MT levels in observation group were lower than those in control group (all P＜0.05). The scores and total scores of PSQI in observation group were higher than those in control group (all P＜0.05). The proportion of absolute night type and middle night type in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, while the proportion of moderate morning type and absolute morning type were lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). The total score of MEQ in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The MCCB scores and total scores in observation group were lower than those in control group (all P＜0.05). According to Pearson correlation analysis, serum α-synuclein and MT levels were negatively correlated with PSQI total score and PANSS score, while positively correlated with MEQ and MCCB total score (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: Serum α-synuclein and MT levels are decreased in patients with schizophrenia, which are closely related to sleep quality, circadian rhythm preference and cognitive function impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, underwater Internet of Things and marine Internet of Things have become a hot research direction. As an important part of marine Internet of Things, the routing protocol of underwater acoustic sensor networks has also received extensive attention from researchers. Therefore, based on HH-VBF ( hop-by-hop vector-based forwarding) protocol, this paper proposed an energy-saving routing protocol for underwater acoustic sensor networks called ES-HH-VBF ( energy-saving hop-byhop vector-based forwarding) protocol. ES-HH-VBF protocol kept the location information of the next hop node as the reference value for calculating the node forwarding factor, and introduced the remaining energy of the node to improve the calculation method of the node forwarding factor, so as to balance the energy consumption in the network. And this paper also changed the preset distance threshold from the fixed value in HH-VBF protocol to the dynamic value based on the change of node residual energy, thereby dynamically controlling data redundancy. In order to verify the performance of ES-HH-VBF protocol, this paper compared and analyzed the performance of HH-VBF protocol and ES-HH-VBF protocol on the underwater sensor network simulator Aqua-Sim. The simulation results show that, with the increase of packet transmission interval between nodes, the packet delivery rate of ES-HH-VBF protocol is about 4. 2% higher than that of HH-VBF protocol, the average network delay is about 11. 3% lower than that of HH-VBF protocol, and the average network energy consumption is about 8. 2% lower than that of HHVBF protocol. Through the simulation analysis of ES-HH-VBF protocol and HH-VBF protocol, it shows that ES-HH-VBF protocol has great advantages in improving packet delivery rate, reducing average energy consumption and average delay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effects of Osteoking combined with antibiotic cocktail on insulin resistance and gut microbiota in db/db mice. Methods: The wild mice were used as the control group, while db/db mice were randomly divided into the model group, Osteoking group (OK), antibiotic group ( ABX), and Osteoking combined with antibiotic cocktail group (OA). After the intragastric administration for 11 weeks, the following indices were investigated: body weight, fasting blood-glucose (FBG), serum insulin and the changes of intestinal microflora by 16S rDNA sequencing technology in mice. Results: Compared with the model group, levels of FBG and HOMA- IR were significantly decreased in OK, ABX, AO groups (P < 0.05). And the shannon, simpson and pielou_e index of gut microbiota were significantly decreased in ABX group (P < 0.05), while they were increased in OK group (P < 0.05). The shannon and pielou_e index were increased in AO group (P < 0.05). At the phylum level, the relative abundance (RA) of Firmicutes (P < 0.05) in OK group, RA of Proteobacteria in ABX (P < 0.01）and AO groups (P < 0.01) were significantly increased; while RA of Bacteroidota was significantly decreased in OK (P < 0.05), ABX (P < 0.01), AO (P < 0.01）groups. At the family level, RA of Lachnospiraceae (P < 0.05) in OK group, Enterobacteriaceae, Sutterellaceae in ABX and AO groups (P <0.01）and Tannerellaceae in AO groups (P < 0.01) were significantly increased; while RA of Muribaculaceae in OK group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The following gut microbiota were riched: Proteobacteria in ABX group, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Lactobacillus, Desulfobacteraceae and Prevotellaceae in OK group, Parabacteroides gordonii, Akkermansia, Morganellaceae and Alphaproteobacteria in AO group. Conclusion: Osteoking, antibiotic cocktail alone or in combination have the effects of improving the insulin resistance in db/db mice. And Osteoking can improve the intestinal microflora imbalance induced by antibiotic cocktail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

在不同温度（90、110、130、150、170 ℃）下红外焙炒油菜籽，经液压压榨制备菜籽油，通过油脂氧化、硫苷化合物降解反应和美拉德反应研究红外焙炒对菜籽油风味的影响机制，并与传统炒籽（170 ℃）进行比较。结果表明，红外焙炒的菜籽油较传统炒籽的菜籽油风味有显著改善，油脂味和辛辣刺激味较后者更轻，而烤香味相对更浓，同时多环芳烃种类和含量也较少。对冷榨菜籽油（由未经任何处理的油菜籽压榨制得）加热3 h，油脂热降解的标志性化合物（E,E）-2,4-庚二烯醛和（E,E）-2,4-癸二烯醛的含量分别增加3.86倍和6.28倍。随着焙炒温度的升高，红外焙炒处理的脱脂油菜籽中硫苷化合物含量从30.73 mg/kg减少至15.23 mg/kg，游离氨基酸总量从未处理的25.61 mg/100 g减少至15.82 mg/100 g，还原糖含量从7.61 mg/g减少至2.29 mg/g。红外焙炒对菜籽油风味的影响机制主要为不饱和脂肪酸降解成为中短链醛与烯醛类化合物，硫苷化合物降解生成异硫氰酸和腈类化合物，以及美拉德反应生成吡嗪、呋喃类化合物。 The rapeseed was infrared roasted at different temperatures（90，110，130，150，170 ℃）, and hydraulic pressed to prepare rapeseed oil. The effect mechanism of infrared roasting on flavor of rapeseed oil was studied through the oil oxidation, degradation of glucosinolate compounds and Maillard reaction, and compared with the traditional roasting(170 ℃). The results showed that the flavor of rapeseed oil from rapeseed roasted by infrared was significantly improved compared with that from the traditional roasted rapeseed, with a less oily taste and pungent irritating taste, and a relatively stronger roasted aroma, as well as less polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in terms of type and content. Heating the cold pressed rapeseed oil prepared by pressing rapeseed without any treatment for 3 h resulted in 3.86 times and 6.28 times increase of (E,E)-2-4-hepadienal and (E,E)-2-4-decadiena, respectively. With the increase of infrared roasting temperature, the contents of glucosinolate compounds, free amino acids and reducing sugar in the defatted rapeseed treated by infrared roasting were reduced from 30.73 mg/kg, 25.61 mg/100 g and 7.61 mg/g to 1523 mg/kg, 15.82 mg/100 g and 2.29 mg/g respectively. The effect mechanism of infrared roasting on the flavor of rapeseed oil was mainly the degradation of unsaturated fatty acids into short and medium chain aldehydes and dilute alkenals, the degradation of glucosinolate compounds to form isothiocyanic acid and nitriles, and Maillard reaction to produce pyrazine and furan compounds.

To understand the relationship between the rhizosphere microbes and resistance to rice blast, six monogenic lines include genes Piz, Pib, Pikh, Pi19, Pi3, Pita to rice blast and receptor "Lijiangxintuanheigu" (LTH) were cultivated in Yiliang of Yunnan Province and were induced by appraisal . ITS1 sequence of soil rhizosphere fungi and V3-V4 sequence in 16S rDNA of bacteria were sequenced by using high throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that the monogenic lines Piz, Pib and Pikh showed resistance to blast, but Pi19, Pi3, Pita and LTH showed susceptibility. Microbial species query analysis suggest that Ascomycota was the dominant phylum of fungi (73.41%), Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum of bacteria (32.48%), and 7 soil samples were similar in composition of main microbial groups. The relative abundance with significant differences in Rozellomycota(7.69% and 14.66%, LTH5.59%), Rozellomycota_sp(6.97% and 13.99%, LTH5.59%), Agaricomycetes (1.2% and 0.7%, LTH1.7%)and Agaricale(1.1% and 0.5%, LTH1.6%) between resistant and susceptible monogenic lines rhizosphere soil fungi (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Proteobacteria -proteobacteria belongs to bacterial was 10.02% and 11.65% and the receptor LTH was 8.55%, indicated that rice resistance had an influence on the abundance of rhizosphere soil microbial. The results of this study provide a clue to explore the mechanism of disease resistance and biological control of rice blast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2013年8月8日,我们对栖息在铜陵淡水豚国家级自然保护区半自然水域一头死亡雌性长江江豚进行了组织解剖和病理分析。结果发现该豚心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺和肾脏没有发现明显病变、胃中无食物、肠道有淤血迹象。该豚体长156 cm,体重37 kg,皮下脂肪厚度在1.6～2.0 mm之间,明显偏瘦,左侧卵巢有一明显的妊娠黄体,表明该豚近期发生过早产或流产; 肾上腺明显肿大,尸检判断该豚死亡原因为由于长期营养不良及异常高温引发热应激反应导致器官衰竭而死亡。基于对该豚的组织解剖和病理分析,我们还对该水域内长江江豚迁地保护和饲养管理提出了科学的建议。

大鸨是国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物,其越冬栖息地多选择靠近湿地的农田滩涂,主要以麦苗和其他农作物为食。河南省的黄河流域湿地滩涂及农田是大鸨最稳定、最重要的越冬栖息地和迁徙中转地。数量较大的大鸨集群主要出现在黄河滩区—长垣段及黄河滩区—三门峡段,沿黄河流域—郑州段的大鸨数量由于黄河流域湿地的过度开发及人为干扰严重而呈下降趋势。本次调查对近10年来越冬大鸨在河南省的种群数量、分布区域、保护情况等进行调查分析,为大鸨的保护提供了重要的基础数据。

2016年6月22日,在河南省南阳市内乡县夏馆镇葛条爬村发现烟腹毛脚燕,此次发现为烟腹毛脚燕在河南省鸟类新纪录。本文报道了其形态特征,并对该物种的分布状况进行了讨论。

研究动物行为能够揭示动物的活动规律、探索动物与环境之间的关系、探讨动物行为调节与适应环境,而构建动物行为谱是开展动物行为研究的基石。2012年3～8月,通过对生活在半自然水域内9头长江江豚(Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis)的系统观察,定义了更趋于自然属性的长江江豚45种常见行为,构建了半自然水域长江江豚的水上行为谱。行为谱主要归纳为28种本能性行为和17种社会性行为。首次对半野生条件下长江江豚的行为进行定义和分类,并对社会行为的生物学意义进行了简要解释。