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551. THE GULLY PROCESS STUDY NEXT TO THE ITUMBIARA HYDROELECTRIC COMPLEX - GO

Author

MARCO ANTONIO DA SILVA RAMIDAN, TACIO MAURO PEREIRA DE CAMPOS, FRANKLIN DOS SANTOS ANTUNES, EURIPEDES DO AMARAL VARGAS JUNIOR, and NELSON FERREIRA FERNANDES

Abstract

Esta dissertação, desenvolvida dentro do contexto do projeto PRONEX do Centro Geotécnico de Meio Ambiente da PUC-Rio e através de um convênio com FURNAS - PUC-Rio, apresenta uma contribuição quanto à identificação e compreensão dos mecanismos envolvidos em processos de erosão, considerando seus aspectos geológico-geotécnicos bem como medidas preventivas de reparo no caso da formação de uma voçoroca específica. A evolução do processo erosivo estudado tem suas origens na remoção mecânica de uma camada com cerca de cinco metros de solo argiloso de uma área explorada na época da construção de uma barragem de terra homogênea pertencente ao complexo Hidrelétrico de Itumbiara. Os principais aspectos da área estudada, tais como sua localização, condições climáticas e tipos de solo e vegetação foram considerados no desenvolvimento do trabalho, além de aspectos geológicos regionais e características geológico-geotécnicas da área afetada pelos processos de erosão. Tomando como base o perfil de intemperismo identificado pela inspeção das paredes da formação da voçoroca, bem como amostras de furos de sondagens SPT (ensaio de penetração normal), quatro tipos de camadas de solo foram tomados como representantes das condições do local. Objetivando-se a identificação, classificação e definição do potencial de erosão de tais materiais, espécies de amostras indeformadas de bloco (bem como as amolgadas) foram submetidas a investigações laboratoriais abrangendo: ensaio convencional de caracterização de solo; ensaio de caracterização MCT (mini-MCV); Crumb Test; ensaio de Desagregação; Pinhole Test; e Inderbitzen; ensaios de permeabilidade (também desenvolvidos em campo); análise química da água intersticial; análise mineralógica (difração de raios - X); ensaio de Resistência a Tração (sob condições de saturações diferentes) e ensaio de papel filtro (para definição das curvas características da umidade). Baseado em testes de laboratório, observações e dados de pesquisas de campo advindos de um monitoramento de poro-pressão (através de piezômetros instalados no local), mecanismos de erosão que possam predominar na área foram definidos como: micro-ravinas, ravinas e voçorocas, dentre outros. Também, ao final do trabalho, são apresentadas sugestões para remediação do local, considerando-se medidas corretivas usadas dentro do contexto da prática geotécnica convencional, e uma metodologia a ser seguida em investigações futuras relacionadas à caracterização do local e desenvolvimento de processos de erosão. This dissertation, developed within the context of the PRONEX Project of the Environmental Geotechnical Center of PUC-Rio and through a FURNAS-PUC-Rio Convenium, presents a contribution towards the identification and comprehension of mechanisms involved in erosion processes, considering its geological and geotechnical aspects as well as preventive repairing measures in the case of a specific gully formation. The evolution of the studied erosive process has its origin in the mechanical removal of some five meters of a clayey soil layer from a borrow area exploited at the time of the construction of an homogeneous embankment dam belonging to the Itumbiara Hydroelectric Complex. The main aspects of the studied area, such as its location, climatic conditions and soil and vegetation types were considered in the development of the work, besides regional geological aspects and geological-geotechnical features of the area affected by the erosion processes. Taking as a basis the unsaturated weathering profile identified by inspection of the walls of the gully formation, as well as of samples from SPT (standard penetration test) boreholes, four types of soil layers were taken as representative of site conditions. Aiming the identification, classification and definition of the erodibility potential of such materials, specimens from undisturbed block samples (as well as remolded ones) were submitted to laboratory investigations comprising: conventional soil characterization tests; MCT characterization test (mini-MCV); crumb test; desegregation test; pinhole test; Inderbitzen test, permeability tests (also performed in the field); chemical analysis (both soil and voids -water); mineralogical analysis (Xrays diffraction); tensile strength test (under different saturation conditions) and filter paper test (for definition of soil-moisture characteristic curves). Based on the results of the laboratory tests, field observations and data from pore-pressure monitoring (through piezometers installed in the site), erosion mechanisms that may prevail in the area were defined as micro-rills, rill, gully and others. Also, at the end of the work, are presented suggestions for remediation of the site, considering corrective measures used within the context of conventional geotechnical practice, and a methodology to be followed in further investigations related to the characterization of the site and development of erosion processes.

Published
2003

552. Biologia reprodutiva e padr?es de uso de habitat da toninha, e Pontoporia blainvillei (mammalia, cetacea), no litoral do Rio Grande do Sul

Author

Schiavon, Daniel Danilewicz, Fontoura, Nelson Ferreira, and CPF:41378709004

Subjects
CET?CEOS, REPRODU??O ANIMAL, CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA [CNPQ], TONINHA - RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Abstract

A biologia reprodutiva e os padr?es de utiliza??o de habitat da toninha, Pontoporia blainvillei, foram estudados no Rio Grande do Sul, sul do Brasil. As toninhas deste estudo foram coletadas atrav?s do monitoramento de capturas acidentais em redes de pesca das embarca??es de Rio Grande e Tramanda? (1993-1998) e de encalhes na costa norte do Rio Grande do Sul (1991-1999). As idades dos animais foram estimadas a partir da contagem do n?mero de grupo de linhas de crescimento presentes nas camadas de dentina e cemento dos dentes. O estado reprodutivo das f?meas foi determinado atrav?s do exame macrosc?pico dos ov?rios, gl?ndulas mam?rias e ?tero, e o estado reprodutivo dos machos determinado atrav?s da an?lise histol?gica dos test?culos. A grande maioria das ovula??es ocorrem no ov?rios esquerdo. N?o foi encontrada evid?ncia de que o corpo l?teo aumente de tamanho com a gesta??o. A reprodu??o da toninha ? caracterizada pela sazonalidade, com os nascimentos ocorrendo entre outubro e fevereiro. O tamanho de nascimento foi estimado em 73,4 cm. O per?odo de gesta??o foi estimado em 11,2 meses. A maturidade sexual nas f?meas ? atingida entre os 3 e 5 anos de idade. Empregando tr?s m?todos distintos, foram estimadas as idades m?dias de maturidade sexual de 3,7 3,5 3,2 anos para as f?meas. O comprimento e peso m?dio de maturidade sexual nas f?meas foi 138,9 cm (IC 95%=132,8-145,1) e 32,6 kg (IC 95%=29,8-35,3), respectivamente. Foi estimada uma taxa de prenhez anual de 0,53-0,66 e um intervalo reprodutivo de 1,5-1,9 anos. A taxa de ovula??o decai com a idade, e a taxa m?dia para todas as idades foi estimada em 0,92 ovula??es por ano. N?o foi encontrada evid?ncia de senesc?ncia reprodutiva nas f?meas de toninha. Os test?culos de P. blainvillei se caracterizam pela extrema simetria entre lados e pelo peso relativo muito pequeno. O di?metro dos t?bulos semin?feros aumentam rapidamente com a chegada da maturidade sexual. O peso testicular combinado e o ?ndice de maturidade testicular s?o ?timos indicadores indiretos, n?o histol?gicos, de maturidade sexual em machos. O comprimento e peso m?dio de maturidade sexual nos machos foi 128,2 cm (IC 95%=125,3-131,1) e 26,4 kg (IC 95%=24,7-28,8), respectivamente. A falta de varia??o no peso testicular ao longo do ano e a presen?a de esperm?tides e espermatoz?ides em machos coletados fora do per?odo reprodutivo indicam que n?o h? uma interrup??o completa na atividade testicular de todos os machos da popula??o e que pelo menos alguns deles continuam aptos para reprodu??o durante todo ano. O tamanho testicular relativo extremamente baixo, o dimorfismo sexual reverso, a aus?ncia de caracter?sticas secund?rias nos machos e o aparente baixo n?mero de cicatrizes em machos indicam a inexist?ncia de competi??o esperm?tica e conflitos entre machos para acesso ?s f?meas. Isto sugere a exist?ncia de forma??o de pares tempor?rios de toninhas durante o per?odo reprodutivo, onde um macho defende e copula apenas com uma f?mea (monogamia tempor?ria). A utiliza??o de habitat da toninha nas ?guas do Rio Grande do Sul foi estudada atrav?s da an?lise das profundidades de captura de animais de diferentes sexos, idade, tamanho e condi??o reprodutiva, da compara??o das distribui??es de freq??ncia relativa de comprimentos entre o litoral norte e sul, e da compara??o entre as raz?es sexuais entre o litoral norte (LN) e sul (LS). N?o foram constatadas diferen?as no uso de profundidades entre indiv?duos de diferentes sexos, idades, comprimentos e entre juvenis e adultos. F?meas prenhas n?o diferiram de f?meas maduras n?o prenhas no uso de profundidades. No entanto, f?meas lactantes foram coletadas em profundidades maiores do que n?o lactantes. Os machos capturados no LN possuem comprimento total e a propor??o de adultos (11,9%) significativamente menor que no LS (42,1%). A raz?o sexual das toninhas capturadas no LS n?o diferiu de 1, enquanto os animais do LN apresentaram a raz?o sexual desviada significativamente em favor aos machos. ? sugerido que esta raz?o sexual desviada aos machos no LN possivelmente reflete padr?es de distribui??o distintos de machos juvenis e adultos nas duas ?reas.

Published
2000

553. As vilas: uma contribuição à história da arquitetura popular no Rio de Janeiro através do estudo do espaço urbano

Author

Albernaz, Maria Paula, Ribeiro, Luiz Cezar Queiroz, Abreu, Maurício, and Santos, Carlos Nelson Ferreira dos

Subjects
Cidades e vilas, CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::PLANEJAMENTO URBANO E REGIONAL::FUNDAMENTOS DO PLANEJAMENTO URBANO E REGIONAL::HISTORIA URBANA [CNPQ], História urbana, Morfologia urbana, História da arquitetura, Vilas operárias, Vila Isabel (Rio de Janeiro, RJ)
Abstract

Submitted by Alberto Vieira (martins_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2019-11-14T23:42:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 78593.pdf: 16883758 bytes, checksum: 382e804e42edbb8b64c3f88ea0a2432d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-14T23:42:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 78593.pdf: 16883758 bytes, checksum: 382e804e42edbb8b64c3f88ea0a2432d (MD5) Previous issue date: 1985-09 CAPES CNDU As vilas operárias e avenidas, tipos de habitação que dão origem às atuais vilas, decorrem de um modelo ideológico destinado a controlar a higiene e moral da classe trabalhadora, através da organização de suas moradias. A concretização desse modelo se faz possível no Rio de Janeiro, em fins do século XIX, pela presença de algumas condições: o enorme crescimento da população, a existência de áreas em fase de expansão urbana, as possibilidades de acumulação de um patrimônio pela construção de moradias de aluguel, a instalação de fábricas que necessitam fixar seus operários junto aos estabelecimentos fabris, o surgimento de camadas médias da população. Em Vila Isabel e proximidades temos um exemplo marcante de como se apresentam estas condições. As vilas permanecem de forma expressiva até hoje em Vila Isabel em decorrência de especificidades do lugar e desse tipo de habitação, bem como da própria atuação de seus moradores. The labours villages and "avenidas", housing types that gave rise to the present "vilas", come from an ideological model appointed to control the working class standard of hygiene and morals, through their housing organization. At the end of the 19th century, the realization of this model became possible in Rio de Janeiro, taking into consideration the presence of certain conditions, such as: the great population increase; the existing areas subject to urban expansion; the possibilities of obtaining a revenue, constructing and renting houses; the implementation of factories; the appearing of a middle class among the population. In the suburb of Vila Isabel and its neighbournood, we have a very good example for the above conditions. Even nowadays we can fínd in Vila Isabel the "vilas", in an expressive number, due to the place and this housing type especifícities, and also because of its inhabitants' performance.

Published
1985

554. Forest edge landscape context affects mosquito community composition and risk of pathogen emergence.

Author

Hendy A, Fé NF, Pedrosa I, Girão A, Dos Santos TNF, Mendonça CR, Andes Júnior JT, Assunção FP, Costa ER, Sluydts V, Gordo M, Scarpassa VM, Buenemann M, de Lacerda MVG, Mourão MPG, Vasilakis N, and Hanley KA

Abstract

Forest edges, where humans, mosquitoes, and wildlife interact, may serve as a nexus for zoonotic arbovirus exchange. Although often treated as uniform interfaces, the landscape context of edge habitats can greatly impact ecological interactions. Here, we investigated how the landscape context of forest edges shapes mosquito community structure in an Amazon rainforest reserve near the city of Manaus, Brazil, using hand-nets to sample mosquitoes at three distinct forest edge types. Sampling sites were situated at edges bordering urban land cover, rural land cover, and natural treefall gaps, while sites in continuous forest served as controls. Community composition differed substantially among edge types, with rural edges supporting the highest species diversity. Rural edges also provided suitable habitat for forest specialists, including key sylvatic vectors, of which Haemagogus janthinomys was the most abundant species sampled overall. Our findings emphasize the importance of landscape context in assessing pathogen emergence risk at forest edges., Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests.

Published
2024
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555. NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES: A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics.

Author

Tonella LH, Ruaro R, Daga VS, Garcia DAZ, Vitorino OB Júnior, Lobato-de Magalhães T, Dos Reis RE, Di Dario F, Petry AC, Mincarone MM, de Assis Montag LF, Pompeu PS, Teixeira AAM, Carmassi AL, Sánchez AJ, Giraldo Pérez A, Bono A, Datovo A, Flecker AS, Sanches A, Godinho AL, Matthiensen A, Peressin A, Hilsdorf AWS, Barufatti A, Hirschmann A, Jung A, Cruz-Ramírez AK, Braga Silva A, Cunico AM, Saldanha Barbosa A, de Castro Barradas A, Rêgo ACL, Franco ACS, Costa APL, Vidotto-Magnoni AP, Ferreira A, Kassner Filho A, Nobile AB, Magalhães ALB, da Silva AT, Bialetzki A, Dos Santos Maroclo Gomes AC, Nobre AB, Casimiro ACR, Angulo Sibaja A, Dos Santos AAC, de Araújo ÁR, Frota A, Quirino BA, Ferreira BM, Albuquerque BW, Meneses BA, Oliveira BT, Torres Parahyba Campos BA, Gonçalves BB, Kubiak BB, da Silveira Prudente B, de Araujo Passos Pacheco BG, Nakagawa BK, do Nascimento BTM, Maia C, Cantagallo Devids C, Rezende CF, Muñoz-Mendoza C, Peres CA, de Sousa Rodrigues Filho CA, de Lucena CAS, Fernandes CA, Kasper CB, Donascimiento C, Emidio C Júnior, Carrillo-Moreno C, Machado C, Pera C, Hartmann C, Pringle CM, Leal CG, Jézéquel C, Harrod C, da Rosa CA, Quezada-Romegialli C, Pott CM, Larentis C, Nascimento CAS, da Silva Gonçalves C, da Cunha CJ, Pisicchio CM, de Carvalho DC, Galiano D, Gomez-Uchida D, Santana DO, Salas Johnson D, Petsch DK, de Freitas DTH, Bailly D, Machado DF, de Carvalho DR, Topan DH, Cañas-Rojas D, da Silva D, Freitas-Souza D, Lima-Júnior DP, Piscor D, Moraes DP, Viana D, Caetano DLF, Gubiani ÉA, Okada EK, do Amaral EC, Brambilla EM, Cunha ER, Kashiwaqui EAL, Rocha EA, Barp EA, da Costa Fraga E, D'Bastiani E, Zandonà E, Dary EP, Benedito E, Barba-Macías E, Calvache Uvidia EV, Fonseca FL, Ferreira FS, Lima F, Maffei F, Porto-Foresti F, Teresa FB, de Andrade Frehse F, Oliveira FJM, da Silva FP, de Lima FP, do Prado FD, Jerep FC, Vieira FEG, Gertum Becker F, de Carvalho FR, Ubaid FK, Teixeira FK, Provenzano Rizzi F, Severo-Neto F, Villamarín F, de Mello FT, Keppeler FW, de Avila Batista G, de Menezes Yazbeck G, Tesitore G, Salvador GN, Soteroruda Brito GJ, Carmassi GR, Kurchevski G, Goyenola G, Pereira HR, Alvez HJFS, do Prado HA, Pinho HLL, Sousa HL, Bornatowski H, de Oliveira Barbosa H, Tobes I, de Paiva Affonso I, Queiroz IR, Vila I, Negrete IVJ, Prado IG, Vitule JRS, Figueiredo-Filho J, Gonzalez JA, de Faria Falcão JC, Teixeira JV, Pincheira-Ulbrich J, da Silva JC, de Araujo Filho JA, da Silva JFM, Genova JG, Giovanelli JGR, Andriola JVP, Alves J, Valdiviezo-Rivera J, Brito J, Botero JIS, Liotta J, Ramirez JL, Marinho JR, Birindelli JLO, Novaes JLC, Hawes JE, Ribolli J, Rivadeneira JF, Schmitter-Soto JJ, Assis JC, da Silva JP, Dos Santos JS, Wingert J, Wojciechowski J, Bogoni JA, Ferrer J, Solórzano JCJ, Sá-Oliveira JC, Vaini JO, Contreras Palma K, Orlandi Bonato K, de Lima Pereira KD, Dos Santos Sousa K, Borja-Acosta KG, Carneiro L, Faria L, de Oliveira LB, Resende LC, da Silva Ingenito LF, Oliveira Silva L, Rodrigues LN, Guarderas-Flores L, Martins L, Tonini L, Braga LTMD, Gomes LC, de Fries L, da Silva LG, Jarduli LR, Lima LB, Gomes Fischer L, Wolff LL, Dos Santos LN, Bezerra LAV, Sarmento Soares LM, Manna LR, Duboc LF, Dos Santos Ribas LG, Malabarba LR, Brito MFG, Braga MR, de Almeida MS, Sily MC, Barros MC, do Nascimento MHS, de Souza Delapieve ML, Piedade MTF, Tagliaferro M, de Pinna MCC, Yánez-Muñoz MH, Orsi ML, da Rosa MF, Bastiani M, Stefani MS, Buenaño-Carriel M, Moreno MEV, de Carvalho MM, Kütter MT, Freitas MO, Cañas-Merino M, Cetra M, Herrera-Madrid M, Petrucio MM, Galetti M, Salcedo MÁ, Pascual M, Ribeiro MC, Abelha MCF, da Silva MA, de Araujo MP, Dias MS, Guimaraes Sales N, Benone NL, Sartor N, Fontoura NF, de Souza Trigueiro NS, Álvarez-Pliego N, Shibatta OA, Tedesco PA, Lehmann Albornoz PC, Santos PHF, Freitas PV, Fagundes PC, de Freitas PD, Mena-Valenzuela P, Tufiño P, Catelani PA, Peixoto P, Ilha P, de Aquino PPU, Gerhard P, Carvalho PH, Jiménez-Prado P, Galetti PM Jr, Borges PP, Nitschke PP, Manoel PS, Bernardes Perônico P, Soares PT, Piana PA, de Oliveira Cunha P, Plesley P, de Souza RCR, Rosa RR, El-Sabaawi RW, Rodrigues RR, Covain R, Loures RC, Braga RR, Ré R, Bigorne R, Cassemiro Biagioni R, Silvano RAM, Dala-Corte RB, Martins RT, Rosa R, Sartorello R, de Almeida Nobre R, Bassar RD, Gurgel-Lourenço RC, Pinheiro RFM, Carneiro RL, Florido R, Mazzoni R, Silva-Santos R, de Paula Santos R, Delariva RL, Hartz SM, Brosse S, Althoff SL, Nóbrega Marinho Furtado S, Lima-Junior SE, Lustosa Costa SY, Arrolho S, Auer SK, Bellay S, de Fátima Ramos Guimarães T, Francisco TM, Mantovano T, Gomes T, Ramos TPA, de Assis Volpi T, Emiliano TM, Barbosa TAP, Balbi TJ, da Silva Campos TN, Silva TT, Occhi TVT, Garcia TO, da Silva Freitas TM, Begot TO, da Silveira TLR, Lopes U, Schulz UH, Fagundes V, da Silva VFB, Azevedo-Santos VM, Ribeiro V, Tibúrcio VG, de Almeida VLL, Isaac-Nahum VJ, Abilhoa V, Campos VF, Kütter VT, de Mello Cionek V, Prodocimo V, Vicentin W, Martins WP, de Moraes Pires WM, da Graça WJ, Smith WS, Dáttilo W, Aguirre Maldonado WE, de Carvalho Rocha YGP, Súarez YR, and de Lucena ZMS

Subjects
Animals, Ecosystem, Mexico, Caribbean Region, Biodiversity, Fishes, Fresh Water
Abstract

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications., (© 2022 The Ecological Society of America.)

Published
2023
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556. Towards the Laboratory Maintenance of Haemagogus janthinomys (Dyar, 1921), the Major Neotropical Vector of Sylvatic Yellow Fever.

Author

Hendy A, Fé NF, Valério D, Hernandez-Acosta E, Chaves BA, da Silva LFA, Santana RAG, da Costa Paz A, Soares MMM, Assunção FP, Andes JT Jr, Andolina C, Scarpassa VM, de Lacerda MVG, Hanley KA, and Vasilakis N

Subjects
Animals, Female, Mosquito Vectors, Yellow fever virus, Brazil, Yellow Fever, Blood Substitutes, Culicidae, Zika Virus Infection, Zika Virus
Abstract

Haemagogus (Haemagogus) janthinomys (Dyar, 1921), the major neotropical vector of sylvatic yellow fever virus, is notoriously difficult to maintain in captivity. It has never been reared beyond an F 1 generation, and almost no experimental transmission studies have been performed with this species since the 1940s. Herein we describe installment hatching, artificial blood feeding, and forced-mating techniques that enabled us to produce small numbers of F 3 generation Hg. janthinomys eggs for the first time. A total of 62.8% (1562/2486) F 1 generation eggs hatched during ≤10 four-day cycles of immersion in a bamboo leaf infusion followed by partial drying. Hatching decreased to 20.1% (190/944) in the F 2 generation for eggs laid by mosquitoes copulated by forced mating. More than 85% (79/92) female F 2 mosquitoes fed on an artificial blood feeding system. While we were unable to maintain a laboratory colony of Hg. janthinomys past the F 3 generation, our methods provide a foundation for experimental transmission studies with this species in a laboratory setting, a critical capacity in a region with hyper-endemic transmission of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses, all posing a risk of spillback into a sylvatic cycle.

Published
2022
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557. Clinical profile of confirmed scorpion stings in a referral center in Manaus, Western Brazilian Amazon.

Author

Gomes JV, Fé NF, Santos HLR, Jung B, Bisneto PF, Sachett A, de Moura VM, Mendonça da Silva I, Cardoso de Melo G, Pereira de Oliveira Pardal P, Lacerda M, Sampaio V, Wen FH, de Almeida Gonçalves Sachett J, and Monteiro WM

Subjects
Adult, Animals, Antivenins, Brazil epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Scorpion Venoms, Scorpions, Species Specificity, Scorpion Stings epidemiology
Abstract

Scorpion envenomations are a major public health problem in Brazil, and most medically important cases are attributable to the Tityus genus. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical and epidemiological aspects of a series of 151 cases of confirmed scorpion stings, which were treated at the hospitals of two cities in the Western Brazilian Amazon, between June 2014 and December 2019. This study shows that the genus Tityus was the most prevalent. Tityus (Atreus) metuendus (Pocock, 1897) was responsible for the greatest number of cases (68.2%), followed by Tityus (Archaeotityus) silvestris (Pocock, 1897) (14.6%). Most of the envenomations involved males (53.6%), and analysis showed a slight predominance in the group from 40 to 49 years (22.5%). The most affected body regions were feet (49.0%) and hands (31.8%). The time elapsed between the accident and medical care was ≤6 h in 92.1% of cases. Regarding clinical severity, classes I (80.8%) and II (15.9%) predominated. However, there were five (3.3%) class III cases; four for T. metuendus and one for T. silvestris. The most frequent local and systemic manifestations were, respectively, pain (84.1%), paresthesia (34.4%) and mild edema (25.8%), and nausea (9.3%) and myoclonia (8.6%). The clinical manifestations were similar among the patients stung by the different species of scorpions. There were no differences between the manifestations of envenomation caused by T. metuendus, T. silvestris and T. raquelae. For victims of T. apiacas, a higher frequency of piloerection and myoclonia was observed, and was described by the affected patients as a 'sensation of receiving an electric shock' throughout the body. No deaths were registered. The species of greatest epidemiological importance in Manaus is T. metuendus, a species that leads to clinical pictures that do not differ substantially from those observed in other Brazilian regions. T. apiacas causes neurological manifestations that differed from other Tityus species. Our findings suggest that the available antivenoms have little effectiveness when used in the treatment of envenomations by some Amazonian scorpions., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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558. Composition of sand fly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) and detection of Leishmania DNA (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in different ecotopes from a rural settlement in the central Amazon, Brazil.

Author

Chagas ECDS, Silva AS, Fé NF, Ferreira LS, Sampaio VS, Terrazas WCM, Guerra JAO, Souza RAF, Silveira H, and Guerra MDGVB

Subjects
Animals, Biodiversity, Brazil, Forests, Leishmania isolation & purification, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous parasitology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Rural Population, DNA, Protozoan isolation & purification, Insect Vectors parasitology, Leishmania genetics, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous epidemiology, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous transmission, Psychodidae parasitology
Abstract

Background: Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are vectors of Leishmania species, the etiological agents of leishmaniasis, which is one of the most important emerging infectious diseases in the Americas. In the state of Amazonas in Brazil, anthropogenic activities encourage the presence of these insects around rural homes. The present study aimed to describe the composition and distribution of sand fly species diversity among the ecotopes (intradomicile, peridomicile and forest) in an area of American cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission and detect natural infection with Leishmania DNA to evaluate which vectors are inside houses and whether the presence of possible vectors represents a hazard of transmission., Results: Phlebotomine sand flies were collected using light traps. A total of 2469 specimens representing 54 species, predominantly females (71.2%), were collected from four sites. Polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed on 670 samples to detect Leishmania DNA. Most of the samples (79.5%) were collected in the forest, with areas closer to rural dwellings yielding a greater abundance of suspected or proven vectors and a larger number of species containing Leishmania DNA. Nyssomyia umbratilis and Bichromomyia flaviscutellata were found near rural homes, and Ny. umbratilis was also found inside homes. Leishmania DNA was detected in different species of sand flies in all ecotopes, including species with no previous record of natural infection., Conclusions: There is no evidence that vectors of American cutaneous leishmaniasis are becoming established inside homes, but there are sand flies, including Ny. umbratilis and other possible vectors, in environments characterized by a human presence. These species continue to be predominant in the forest but are prevalent in areas closer to ecotopes with a greater human presence. The existence of proven or suspected vectors in this ecotope is due to the structural organization of rural settlements and may represent a hazard of transmission. Although the detection of Leishmania DNA in species that were not previously considered vectors does not mean that they are transmitting the parasite, it does show that the parasite is circulating in ecotopes where these species are found.

Published
2018
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559. Implication of Tityus apiacas (Lourenco, 2002) in scorpion envenomations in the Southern Amazon border, Brazil.

Author

Silva BAJD, Fé NF, Gomes AADS, Souza ADS, Sachett JAG, Fan HW, Melo GC, and Monteiro WM

Subjects
Adolescent, Animals, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Antivenins therapeutic use, Scorpion Stings drug therapy, Scorpion Venoms poisoning, Scorpions classification
Abstract

Herein, four cases of scorpion stings caused by Tityus apiacas recorded from the municipality of Apuí, in the southern region of the Brazilian Amazon, are described. Patients showed systemic clinical manifestations, described as unusual, involuntary, and generalized tingling and numbness, reported by patients as an electric shock sensation, lasting up to 24 hours after the sting. All patients described local pain and sensation, along with other clinical symptoms including local edema and erythema. Systemic manifestations were not life threatening. Antivenom therapy was administered to all patients, who were discharged without complaints.

Published
2017
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560. Scorpion envenoming caused by Tityus cf. silvestris evolving with severe muscle spasms in the Brazilian Amazon.

Author

Monteiro WM, de Oliveira SS, Pivoto G, Alves EC, de Almeida Gonçalves Sachett J, Alexandre CN, Fé NF, Barbosa Guerra Md, da Silva IM, Tavares AM, Ferreira LC, and Lacerda MV

Subjects
Adult, Animals, Brazil, Humans, Male, Scorpions, Treatment Outcome, Antivenins therapeutic use, Scorpion Stings drug therapy, Spasm chemically induced
Abstract

Scorpion stings are a public health problem in the Brazilian Amazon. However, detailed clinical characterization with the proper animal identification is scarce. Here we report a confirmed case of envenoming by Tityus cf. silvestris in the Brazilian Amazon. The case evolved with generalized muscle spasms and was treated with antivenom and supportive therapy, requiring intensive care unit admission. The patient evolved favourably and was discharged after 9 days of hospitalization., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2016
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561. A profile of scorpionism, including the species of scorpions involved, in the State of Amazonas, Brazil.

Author

Costa CL, Fé NF, Sampaio I, and Tadei WP

Subjects
Adult, Animals, Brazil epidemiology, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Seasons, Severity of Illness Index, Scorpion Stings epidemiology, Scorpions classification
Abstract

Introduction: This study investigated scorpionism profile in the State of Amazonas, Brazil., Methods: Data referring to stinging incidents were obtained from the National Databank of Major Causes of Morbidity. Information on the scorpion species involved was obtained from the Amazonas State health units., Results: Amazonas has a scorpionism rate of 8.14 cases/100,000 inhabitants. Some municipalities (e.g., Apuí) presented higher rates (273 cases/100,000 inhabitants). Most species involved in envenomation belonged to the genus Tityus., Conclusions: Our results reaffirm the notion of scorpionism being a public health hazard and provide data that can guide public policy aimed at scorpionism prevention and treatment.

Published
2016
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562. Chagas disease in the State of Amazonas: history, epidemiological evolution, risks of endemicity and future perspectives.

Author

Barbosa Md, Ferreira JM, Arcanjo AR, Santana RA, Magalhães LK, Magalhães LK, Mota DT, Fé NF, Monteiro WM, Silveira H, and Guerra JA

Subjects
Animals, Brazil epidemiology, Chagas Disease transmission, Endemic Diseases, Humans, Insect Vectors, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Chagas Disease epidemiology
Abstract

Chagas disease (CD) is a parasitic infection that originated in the Americas and is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. In the last few years, the disease has spread to countries in North America, Asia and Europe due to the migration of Latin Americans. In the Brazilian Amazon, CD has an endemic transmission, especially in the Rio Negro region, where an occupational hazard was described for piaçaveiros (piassaba gatherers). In the State of Amazonas, the first chagasic infection was reported in 1977, and the first acute CD case was recorded in 1980. After initiatives to integrate acute CD diagnostics with the malaria laboratories network, reports of acute CD cases have increased. Most of these cases are associated with oral transmission by the consumption of contaminated food. Chronic cases have also been diagnosed, mostly in the indeterminate form. These cases were detected by serological surveys in cardiologic outpatient clinics and during blood donor screening. Considering that the control mechanisms adopted in Brazil's classic transmission areas are not fully applicable in the Amazon, it is important to understand the disease behavior in this region, both in the acute and chronic cases. Therefore, the pursuit of control measures for the Amazon region should be a priority given that CD represents a challenge to preserving the way of life of the Amazon's inhabitants.

Published
2015
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563. Description of Trichophoromyia uniniensis, a new phlebotomine species (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) of Amazonas State, Brazil.

Author

Ladeia-Andrade S, Fé NF, Sanguinette Cde C, and Andrade Filho JD

Subjects
Animals, Brazil, Male, Species Specificity, Animal Distribution physiology, Psychodidae classification
Abstract

Background: A new species of phlebotomine sand flies belonging to Trichophoromyia Barretto, 1962 genus is described, based on males collected in Jaú National Park, Amazonas state, Brazil., Methods: The Sand flies were mounted in Canada balsam. They were measured with a binocular Olympus CH-2 microscope with the aid of a micrometer objective and the drawings were done with the help of a camera lucida., Results: This new species named Trichophoromyia uniniensis sp. nov. is closely related to Trichophoromyia omagua (Martins, Llanos & Silva, 1976). The former can be distinguished from the latter by the shape of its paramere that has the lower apical region turned up in the new species., Conclusion: With the new species here described a total of 39 species belonging to the Trichophoromyia genus are now known, most of them present in the Amazon rainforest.

Published
2014
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564. Raupp: 50 years of neuroradiology.

Author

Dias DN

Subjects
Brazil, History, 20th Century, Internship and Residency history, Neuroradiography history
Abstract

Objective: Evaluate the laboral and intellectual contributions of a founder of Brazilian Neuroradiology to the development of specialty., Method: Interviews were conducted with Dr. Raupp and contemporary doctors. Then we made a literature review with the Raupp search term aiming to identify those papers which included major changes in the diagnostic and therapeutic neurosurgical., Results: The colleagues consulted were unanimous in recognizing the work of avant-garde and the importance of Dr. Raupp to the development of neuroradiological methods, especially in the pre-computed tomography fase., Conclusion: The work of Dr. Raupp was fundamental for the consolidation of Brazilian Neuroradiological School over the past five decades. He developed diagnostic and therapeutic techniques in congruence with the practices of the specialty on the global stage and he promoted education through medical residency programs.

Published
2011
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565. [Series of acute Chagas' disease cases attended at a tertiary-level clinic in Manaus, State of Amazonas, from 1980 to 2006].

Author

Monteiro WM, Barbosa Md, Toledo MJ, Fé FA, and Fé NF

Subjects
Acute Disease, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Animals, Brazil epidemiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Insect Vectors, Male, Middle Aged, Chagas Disease epidemiology, Disease Outbreaks
Abstract

Introduction: Chagas disease is an emerging and neglected problem in the Brazilian Amazon region., Methods: This study describes a series of acute autochthonous cases of Chagas disease that were attended at the Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas, Manaus, between 1980 and 2006., Results: Twenty-nine cases were recorded: 19 (65.5%) were male and 10 (34.5%) cases were female. Fifteen (51.7%) were isolated cases and 14 (48.3%) were from outbreaks. The commonest signs and symptoms were fever, fatigue, headache, myalgia, chills, pallor, dyspnea and edema of the face and lower limbs. No deaths were recorded., Conclusions: The disease occurred frequently among young people. The parasitological methods showed high sensitivity.

Published
2010
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566. [Occurrences of triatomines in wild and domestic environments in the municipality of Manaus, State of Amazonas].

Author

Fé NF, Magalhães LK, Fé FA, Arakian SK, Monteiro WM, and Barbosa Md

Subjects
Animals, Brazil, Chagas Disease transmission, Housing, Insect Vectors classification, Panstrongylus classification, Population Density, Rhodnius classification, Rural Population, Trypanosoma cruzi isolation & purification, Urban Population, Insect Vectors parasitology, Panstrongylus parasitology, Rhodnius parasitology
Abstract

Analysis of the distribution of triatomines is essential for formulating control strategies for Chagas disease in the Amazon region. In this paper, the results from trapping in wild and artificial environments in rural and urban localities in Manaus, Amazonas, are presented. Out of the 115 triatomines collected, 85 (73.9%) were of the species Rhodnius pictipes, 25 (21.7%) of Rhodnius robustus and five (4.4%) of Panstrongylus geniculatus. The rate of natural infection by flagellates was 5.9% for Rhodnius pictipes and 8% for Rhodnius robustus. None of the specimens of Panstrongylus geniculatus were infected. All of the infected specimens were from forest fragments in the urban zone. It was found that 106 insects (92.2%) were collected from the forest environment and nine (7.8%) in households, by means of the active search. The genus Rhodnius clearly predominated in the wild environment. The specimens of Panstrongylus geniculatus (all adults) were collected inside homes. There were no signs of domestic colonization by triatomines.

Published
2009
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567. [Aedes aegypti and associated fauna in the rural zone of Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon].

Author

Barbosa MG, Fé NF, Jesus RD, Rodriguez IC, Monteiro WM, Mourão MP, and Guerra JA

Subjects
Animals, Brazil, Culicidae classification, Population Density, Rural Population, Aedes classification, Insect Vectors classification
Abstract

After detecting Aedes aegypti larvae in the rural zone of Manaus, entomological surveillance was carried out over two consecutive years in order to notify occurrences of this species in that area. The tool of entomological surveillance has an important role among the preventive measures against diseases transmitted by insects, particularly arbovirosis.

Published
2009
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568. [Record of epidemiologically important Culicidae in the rural area of Manaus, Amazonas].

Author

Barbosa Md, Fé NF, Marcião AH, Silva AP, Monteiro WM, Guerra MV, and Guerra JA

Subjects
Animals, Biodiversity, Brazil, Female, Male, Population Density, Rural Population, Culicidae classification, Insect Vectors classification
Abstract

The biodiversity of the Amazon region includes many species of arthropod vectors in different ecotopes, thus enabling occurrences of diseases like malaria, filariasis and arbovirosis. From August 2001 to July 2002, we gathered culicids from inside homes, from areas surrounding these homes and from forested areas of the São João Community, in the rural zone of Manaus, State of Amazonas. 1240 specimens were collected, belonging to the Culicinae (99%) and Anophelinae (1%) subfamilies, with 50 species. The Culicini tribe clearly predominated, with 904 specimens (72.9%), and the species Culex usquatus (22.6%) and Culex quinquefasciatus (17.7%) were prominent. Out of the total number of culicids, 1,077 (86.9%) were caught in the forests, 101 (8.1%) in the areas surrounding homes and 62 (5%) inside homes. Forests were the ecotope that presented the highest species diversity. The presence of Anopheles darlingi, Anopheles triannulatus, Aedes aegypti, Haemagogus janthinomys and other proven or potential vectors was recorded.

Published
2008
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569. [Sandfly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a focus of American cutaneous leishmaniasis on the urban periphery of Manaus, State of Amazonas].

Author

Barbosa Md, Fé NF, Marcião AH, Silva AP, Monteiro WM, and Guerra JA

Subjects
Animals, Brazil, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous transmission, Urban Population, Insect Vectors classification, Psychodidae classification
Abstract

From August 2001 to July 2002, sand flies were collected from the bases of trees and, using CDC and Disney traps, from areas surrounding homes and forested areas in the São João community, on the urban periphery of Manaus, State of Amazonas. 4,104 specimens belonging to four subtribes, 13 genera and 49 species of the Phlebotominae subfamily were collected. The subtribe Psychodopygina predominated, with 3,403 (83%) specimens, especially of Nyssomyia umbratilis, Nyssomyia anduzei, Trichophoromyia eurypyga, Bichromomyia olmeca nociva and Bichromomyia flaviscutellata. The occurrences of Nyssomyia umbratilis and Nyssomyia anduzei, which have been incriminated as vectors for Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis, and of Bichromomyia flaviscutellata and Bichromomyia olmeca nociva, for Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, indicate that there is a risk of infection for people living in this area. Most (98.5%) of the sand flies were caught in the forested area. Nyssomyia anduzei and Bichromomyia olmeca nociva were collected from areas surrounding homes. The richness of vector species for Leishmania in this area shows the need for constant entomological surveillance.

Published
2008
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570. [Visceral leishmaniasis among Indians of the State of Roraima, Brazil: clinical and epidemiologic aspects of the cases observed from 1989 to 1993].

Author

Guerra JA, Barros ML, Fé NF, Guerra MV, Castellon E, Paes MG, and Sherlock IA

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Animals, Brazil epidemiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Dog Diseases diagnosis, Dogs, Endemic Diseases, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Leishmaniasis, Visceral diagnosis, Leishmaniasis, Visceral veterinary, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Distribution, Dog Diseases epidemiology, Indians, South American, Leishmaniasis, Visceral epidemiology
Abstract

A description of the epidemiological profile of visceral leishmaniasis among Indians in the State of Roraima, Brazil, was based on the clinical characteristics of human and dog disease, ecological aspects of the area where the cases occurred and entomologic investigations performed from 1989 to 1993. The 82 human cases were reported in six out of eight Counties that existed then in the state; there was a 69.5% predominance of male cases among those registered and a greater (52.4%) occurrence of the disease in children from zero to ten years old. The rate of natural infection was 10.3% out of 3,773 dogs examined in 74 different locations. Lutzomyia longipalpis was found in 31 areas with greater prevalence of the disease. The human and animal cases as well as the vectors were concentrated in areas where mountains and arable soil predominate, typical locations for the occurrence of American visceral leishmaniasis.

Published
2004
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571. [Registration of the occurrence of Aedes albopictus in an urban zone in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil].

Author

Fé NF, das Graças Vale Barbosa M, Alecrim WD, and Guerra MV

Subjects
Animals, Brazil, Demography, Dengue transmission, Urban Health, Aedes, Insect Vectors
Abstract

Information is available regarding the presence of Aedes albopictus in several municipalities of the State of Amazonas. Specimens of this mosquito species have now, for the first time, been collected from an urban area of the municipality of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.

Published
2003
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572. [Culicidae insect fauna from rural zone in Amazonas State with incidence of sylvatic yellow fever].

Author

Fé NF, Barbosa Md Md, Fé FA, Guerra MV, and Alecrim WD

Subjects
Animals, Brazil, Humans, Yellow Fever transmission, Culicidae classification, Insect Vectors classification
Abstract

After the occurrence of 14 sylvatic yellow fever cases in 10 cities in the State of Amazonas during 1996, an investigation into the presence of sylvatic yellow fever vectors was carried out. The material of larvae and adult insects was collected around residences and canopy trees within forests, using a light trap (CDC) and human bait. A total of 424 insects was collected. Thirty seven species were identified, some of which were sylvatic yellow fever vectors: Haemagogus janthinomys, Ha. leucocelaenus, Aedes fulvus.

Published
2003
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