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The second part study of this paper is to numerically study the double-diffusive natural convection phenomenon inside a space annulus, situated between two horizontal confocal elliptic cylinders filled with a laminar flow, is presented. The elliptical coordinates do utilize to transform the physical domain into one rectangular. The basic equations are discretized using the finite-volume method. Using a developed code, the study covers a wide range for (103 ≤ Rat ≤105), Le = 2, N = 1, e = 0.52, 0.62, 0.72, 0.82.We have made some detailed studies covering the influence of the internal eccentricity parameter e1 on heat and mass transfer. Results do present in the form of isotherms, streamlines, and heat transfer. The local and average numbers for Sherwood and Nesselt are also displayed.Comparison with the published results showed that there is a good agreement. Keywords:double-diffusive, natural convection, elliptic cylinders, Rayleigh number, Lewis number.

A NaCeP2O7 compound was successfully synthesized by a high-temperature reaction with the solid-state method.

This work consisted in the preparation and the study of a new stationary phase based on liquid crystals for gas chromatography applications. Most of the synthesized compounds that have the character of liquid crystals in their constitution include aromatic molecules. In addition, there is little work that replaces this type of molecules with heterogeneous molecules that have a liquid crystalline character. This study constitutes an approach for the synthesis of a new molecule azoesters involves a 1,3,4-oxadiazole unit instead of aromatic rings, and which exhibits liquid crystalline characters. A liquid crystal has been prepared and characterized. The thermodynamic characteristics of the n-alkanes for the filled column were studied by reverse gas chromatography. The intermediate products, as well as the mesogens obtained, were characterized by various experimental analysis techniques such as infrared spectrometry (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The thermal properties of synthesized liquid crystal require the use of DSC technique. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpies, partial solution molar entropy and infinite dilution, were determined for the liquid crystal-solvent system. The thermodynamic quantities show that these values depend on the number of carbon atoms of the CL phase terminal substituent. The transition temperatures obtained by gas chromatography are in good agreement with those found by DSC.

The development of modern technology in microelectronics and power engineering requires the creation of efficient cooling systems. This is made possible by the use of special fin technology inside the cavity or special heat transfer Ethylene glycol-copper nanofluids to intensify the heat removal from the heat-generating elements. A numerical study of the natural convection of stationary laminar heat transfers in a closed rectangular cavity with a local source of internal volumetric heat generation. For different Rayleigh numbers and different volume fractions of nanoparticles. The system of equations governing the problem was solved numerically by the fluent computer code based on the method of finite volumes. Based on the Boussinesq approximation. Interior and exterior surfaces are maintained at a constant temperature. The study is carried out for Rayleigh numbers ranging from 104 to 106. The effects of different Rayleigh numbers and volume fractions of nanoparticles on natural convection have been studied. The results are presented as isotherms, isocurrents, and local and mean Nusselt numbers. The aim of this study is to see the influence of the thermal Rayleigh number and the volume fraction of the nanoparticles on the rate of heat transfer.

This study concerns the dynamic behavior of the piston of a Deutz F8L413 diesel engine. The objective is to simulate by the extended finite element method (XFEM) the thermomechanical behavior of different piston materials. This study is conducted to evaluate the applied thermal loads and pressure at the end of compression. From a numerical simulation, the stresses acting on the structure and the behavior of the cracked material piston, governed by its global elastic behavior and quantified by the stress intensity factor are determined.

The use of magnetorheological elastomers in the mechanical and acoustic fields, by the automotive, aeronautical, and building industries, is currently developing strongly and rapidly. The perfect understanding of the capacity of smart insulation based on the absorption of the vibratory waves by magnetorheological elastomers materials passes by the knowledge of their dynamic mechanical behavior. In this present work, we have characterized the dynamic mechanical properties of the magnetorheological elastomer off axes anisotropy by the inclination, of different angles (15°, 30°, and 45°), of the pseudo-fibers of the iron particles formed by the application of a magnetic field at different intensities using an optimal loading rate of 30%. The rubber specimens were prepared by mixing micron-sized iron particles dispersed in room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber by solution mixing. The experimental results obtained show a clear dependence of the effect of inclusion of ferromagnetic chains on the magnetomechanical properties. It is observed that the mechanical properties are better when applying a magnetic field of 0.6 T with an angle of inclination of 45°. The improvements added in this work could be useful in several industrial applications, such as automotive, aeronautic through adaptive control of damping and vibration level.

The combination photovoltaic-thermal solar collector produces at the same time electricity gratitude to photovoltaic solar energy and warmth gratitude to thermal energy because it is known that the traditional photovoltaic panel produces three times more heat than the electricity. The increase in warmth inside the module is one of the principal reasons of the reduced performance of photovoltaic solar panels. Thus the necessity for a thermal evacuation technique. The benefit of a hybrid technique is the cooling of the photovoltaic cells gratitude to the circulation of a fluid, which will be warmed during its passage via the sensor. The novelty of this study is to recover this thermal energy by heating or drying. Previous dryers worked with thermal sensors thanks to the greenhouse effect, which gives only heat. The purpose of this paper is the realization experimental of a PV/T sensor and so the examination of the impact of different parameters on the energy performance of the PV/T sensor. The impacts recommend that this kind of collector is a nicely alternative to photovoltaic modules and thermal collectors seated individually.

Myths occupy a large place in the Algerian popular heritage, both tangible and intangible, as we find the legend that manifests itself in images, drawings and engravings on the rocks and walls of houses and temples, as we find examples of pottery and porcelain utensils, and we also find them on traditional clothing and carpets and furniture ... etc., and this has been established We searched for images of the presence of myths and the way in which they are used by the inhabitants of eastern Algeria, and we are looking for the indications that these myths carry, and the values which inculcate them, taking the popular example as a field of study and research because of its daily presence and its dominance of Algerian popular forms of expression., Les mythes occupent une grande place dans le patrimoine populaire algérien, à la fois tangible et intangible, comme nous trouvons la légende qui se manifeste dans les images, les dessins et les gravures sur les rochers et les murs des maisons et des temples, comme nous trouvons des exemples d'ustensiles de poterie et de porcelaine, et nous les trouvons également sur les vêtements traditionnels et les tapis et les meubles ... etc., et cela a été établi Nous avons recherché des images de la présence des mythes et de la manière dont ils sont employés par les habitants de l'Est algérien, et nous recherchons les indications que ces mythes portent, et les valeurs qui les inculquent, en prenant l'exemple populaire comme champ d'étude et de recherche en raison de sa présence quotidienne et de sa domination des formes d'expression populaire algérienne.

The numerical study on the improvement of the cooling of a microprocessor by the use of Nanofluids has been made. Natural convection is analyzed in a box fence with a temperature source encountered at its lower border and loaded with an Ethylene Glycol-Copper nanoparticle. This article explores the influences of relevant aspects such as thermal Rayleigh number, solid volume fraction, and enclosure dimensions on the thermal efficacy of the box fence, which are enhanced with an enlargement in thermal Rayleigh number and solid volume fraction. The results also illustrate that the change of the warmth transfer rate concerning the box dimensions of the enclosure is unlike at inferior and elevated thermal Rayleigh numbers. A simile is offered between the upshots got and the literature. Results were presented in terms of heat transfer rate depending on thermal Rayleigh number (Rat = 10^3 , and 10^6 ), nanoparticle solid volume fraction (0 ≤ φ < 5%), and box dimensions. The results show that raising the solid volume fraction of the nanoparticles (φ = 5%) drive a rise in the efficient conductivity of the working fluid and consequently the improvement of the heat transfer rate by approximately ≈ 10% per compared to the base fluid case.

The NaCeP2O7 compound was successfully synthesized by a high-temperature reaction with the solid-state method. Analyzing the XRD pattern, of the studied compound, confirms the orthorhombic phase with the Pnma space group. The examination of SEM images reveals that the majority of grains are around 500 to 900 nm with a uniform distribution. As for the EDX analysis, all chemical elements were detected and found in their appropriate ratio. The curves of temperature-dependent imaginary modulus M" versus angular frequency reveal the presence of one peak at each temperature, proving that the dominant contribution is associated to the grains. The frequency dependence of the conductivity of alternating current is explained using Jonscher's law. The close values of the activation energies obtained from the jump frequency and extracted from the dielectric relaxation of the modulus spectra, as well from the continuous conductivity imply that the transport takes place by the Na+ ions hopping mechanism. The charge carrier concentration in the title compound has been evaluated and shown to be independent of temperature. The exponent s increases with the increase in temperature, this behavior proves that the non-overlapping small polaron tunneling (NSPT) is the appropriate conduction mechanism model.

Tabbed excel spreadsheet with each tab representing a single supplementary table. The first cell of each tab contains a description of the contents. Supplemental Table 1: Log2 normalized protein abundances of proteins identified in FFPE MPNST samples. Supplemental Table 2: GO term enrichment for proteins showing increased levels with PRC2 loss. Supplemental Table 3: GO term enrichment for proteins showing decreased levels with PRC2 loss. Supplemental Table 4: GO term enrichment for proteins showing increased levels following both SUZ12 restoration and NSD2 knockdown. Supplemental Table 5: GO term enrichment for proteins showing increased levels following decitabine treatment.

Merged pdf file containing supplementary figures 1-4

Word file containing legends for supplemental figures S1-S4 and Supplemental tables 1-5

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is an aggressive sarcoma with recurrent loss-of-function alterations in polycomb-repressive complex 2 (PRC2), a histone-modifying complex involved in transcriptional silencing. To understand the role of PRC2 loss in pathogenesis and identify therapeutic targets, we conducted parallel global epigenomic and proteomic analysis of archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) human MPNST with and without PRC2 loss (MPNSTLOSS vs. MPNSTRET). Loss of PRC2 resulted in increased histone posttranslational modifications (PTM) associated with active transcription, most notably H3K27Ac and H3K36me2, whereas repressive H3K27 di- and trimethylation (H3K27me2/3) marks were globally lost without a compensatory gain in other repressive PTMs. Instead, DNA methylation globally increased in MPNSTLOSS. Epigenomic changes were associated with upregulation of proteins in growth pathways and reduction in IFN signaling and antigen presentation, suggesting a role for epigenomic changes in tumor progression and immune evasion, respectively. These changes also resulted in therapeutic vulnerabilities. Knockdown of NSD2, the methyltransferase responsible for H3K36me2, restored MHC expression and induced interferon pathway expression in a manner similar to PRC2 restoration. MPNSTLOSS were also highly sensitive to DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. Overall, these data suggest that global loss of PRC2-mediated repression renders MPNST differentially dependent on DNA methylation to maintain transcriptional integrity and makes them susceptible to therapeutics that promote aberrant transcription initiation.Significance:Global profiling of histone PTMs and protein expression in archival human MPNST illustrates how PRC2 loss promotes oncogenesis but renders tumors vulnerable to pharmacologic modulation of transcription.See related commentary by Natarajan and Venneti, p. 3172

An efficient carcinogenic metal biosorbent was prepared by immobilizing the microalgae Auxenochlorella protothecoides (AP) within a sugarcane bagasse (SB) lignocellulosic matrix. The characterization of AP-SB as a proposed biosorbent was performed by various spectroscopic methods, including Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA). The immobilization technique enhanced the biosorption of nickel by 32.25% at equilibrium compared with that of free Auxenochlorella protothecoides. The maximum metal biosorption capacities of free and immobilized Auxenochlorella protothecoides were calculated to be 42.08 and 62.1 mg/g, respectively. The removal efficiency of nickel ions was evaluated with a Box‒Behnken factorial design using three parameters: pH solution, contact time, and biosorbent concentration. A maximum metal removal rate of 97.96% was obtained using the RSM-DF platform with the following optimal conditions: pH 5.06, biosorbent concentration of 1.6 g/L, and contact time of 53.33 min. The experimental equilibrium adsorption isotherms for the nickel bioprocess were analysed using sixteen models with two, three, and four parameters. An evaluation of the goodness of fit of various nonlinear regression isotherms indicated that the Fritz–Schlünder (IV) model was the most suitable model to describe the equilibrium curves; this model was selected based on the values of four error functions: the coefficient of determination (R²), the hybrid fractional error function (HYBRID), Marquardt's percent standard deviation (MPSD), and the average relative error (ARE). The thermodynamic factors and kinetics analysis demonstrated that the bioprocess was exothermic, favourable, and spontaneous at 298–318 K. Finally, the biosorption of nickel ions on SB-AP was explained by four proposed mechanisms based on the network structure of cellulose, lignin, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine, and β-D-glucosamine units.

In this document, a numerical study of the natural convection of steady-state laminar heat transfer in a horizontal ring between a heated hexagonal inner cylinder and a cold hexagonal outer cylinder. A Cu - water nanofluid traverses this annular space. The system of equations governing the problem was solved numerically by the fluent calculation code based on the finite volume method. Based on the Boussinesq approximation. The interior and exterior sides from the two cylinders are maintained at a fixed temperature. We investigated the impacts of various thermal Rayleigh numbers (103≤ Rat ≤2.5x105), and the volume fraction from the nanoparticles (0≤ Ø ≤0.12) on fluid flow and heat transfer performance. It is found that in high thermal Rayleigh numbers, a thin thermal boundary layer is illustrated at the flow that heavily strikes the ceiling and lower from the outer cylinder. In addition, the local and mean Nusselt number from a nanofluid are enhanced by enhancing the volume fraction of the nanoparticles.The results are shown within the figure of isocurrents, isotherms, and mean and local Nusselt numbers. Detailed results of the numerical has been compared with literature ones, and it gives a reliable agreement.