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Copyright of Romanian Journal of Civil Engineering / Revista Română de Inginerie Civilă is the property of Matrix Rom and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Civil Engineering / Revista Română de Inginerie Civilă is the property of Matrix Rom and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Civil Engineering / Revista Română de Inginerie Civilă is the property of Matrix Rom and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We investigate the order/disorder characteristics of the compartment fire based on experimental data. From our analysis, we claim that the permutation entropy is suitable to detect the occurrence of the flashover and eventual unusual data in fire experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ORL.ro is the property of MEDICHUB MEDIA, S.R.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The morphological and structural properties of the poly(vinyl chloride)/graphene oxide (PVC/GO) composites are reported. By the mixture of the two constituents, the PVC/GO composite membranes with a concentration of the GO sheets varying from 0 wt.% to 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wt.% were prepared. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the analysis of the atomic force microscopy (AFM) images we observed that as increasing the GO concentration in the PVC mass from 0 wt.% to 5 wt.%, the average surface roughness decreases from 235 µm to 227 µm. Using Raman scattering, we report that as increasing the GO concentration in the PVC mass, the ratio between the relative intensities of the Raman glines situated in the spectral ranges 600- 650 and 2850-3000 cm-1 (I600-650/I2850-3000) increases as a consequence of the change of GO carbon atoms hybridization from sp² to sp³. An increase in the number of C-C bonds, simultaneous with the appearance of O-C=O bonds and the decrease of the chlorine concentration, when the GO concentration increases in the PVC weight is reported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The down-shift of the main diffraction signal from 24° to 26° when the GO concentration increases in the PVC/GO composite mass from 0 wt.% to 5 wt.%, confirms the incorporation of GO in the polymeric matrix and the modification of the original PVC sample structure. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), no agglomerations of the GO structures within the PVC/GO matrix contrast limit were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Civil Engineering / Revista Română de Inginerie Civilă is the property of Matrix Rom and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Treaty of Trianon, an international document of unquestionable political-legal value and, at the same time, of capital value for Romania, which certifies the full legitimacy of its existence inside its current borders - also including Transylvania -, is unconditionally fully valid and thus remains as such, having been applied for a century. It is for the Romanians to comply with the sacred duty to know its provisions as rigorously as possible and to ensure, at any cost and without any hesitation, the strict observance of its provisions. Under no circumstance it is admitted a hesitating or passive attitude, without reply when its validity is questioned. Thus, it is created the impression that Romania would agree that the Treaty of Trianon is no longer of interest to the Romanian State or that there would be some indifference to the regulations which it contains, favouring confusions and forming opinions that prejudice the value of this Treaty. This study presents the context in which the Treaty of Trianon was negotiated and reached the signing; the Paris Peace Conference (1918-1920) is described and the principles underlying it and the decisions adopted are mentioned. Similarly, the author makes a characterization of the treaties signed after the end of the First World War and it is mentioned that the principle of nationalities was laid at the foundation of the new order in Europe. The Paris Peace Conference put an end to the oppressive empires, and the liberated nations were constituted in sovereign national states, and, as the case may be, new states emerged, while others were reformed or reunited - this being also the case of the achievement of Greater Romania. In the final part of the study, it is described the series of irredentist attempts started since the Paris Peace Conference (1918-1920) and continued throughout the entire century, to revise or even repeal the Treaty of Trianon. The most brutal action in this regard was the Vienna Arbitration (30 August 1940), which fortunately was annulled by the Paris Peace Treaty (1947), which declared it null and void. The Treaty of Understanding, Cooperation and Good Neighbourliness between Romania and the Hungarian Republic (1996) - necessary, of course, and useful insofar as it would be applied in good faith by both parties - contains nevertheless a series of extreme concessions granted by the Romanian side, that a kind of condominium has been created in the area where a population of Hungarian ethnicity is located next to Romanians. It is especially surprising that, although there is a provision regarding the intangibility of the borders, in the Treaty of 1996 it is not mentioned the Treaty of Trianon under which they are established, which raises many questions. The author does not overlook that, given that the Romanian citizens of Transylvania - Hungarian or even Romanian - are granted Hungarian citizenship, an attempt is made to extend the jurisdiction of Hungary on the territory of Romania, and the massive acquisition of property in Transylvania by Hungarian citizens aims to create a situation favourable for Hungary and to the detriment of Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problems and the possible schemes of organization between industries and the relations of this organization with European Union member states for optimization of the export of military equipment developed in cooperation generate wide discussions. As a consequence, this article highlights some of these debates and export advantages to ensure the economic viability of the cooperation programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Civil Engineering / Revista Română de Inginerie Civilă is the property of Matrix Rom and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

New fire-resistant thermosets are prepared based on a bisphenol A-epoxy resin which is thermally crosslinked in the presence of dicyandiamide and two phenols containing phosphorus atoms. The thermosets are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) tests. A nonisothermal kinetic study is performed based on processing of TGA data applying the method proposed by Vyazovkin. The lifetime prediction analyses establish that the phosphorus-containing polymers could be used at a constant temperature of 200°C up to 200–780 min. The MCC tests reveal an improvement of the flammability behavior, as well as a significant heat release capacity reduction for phosphorus-containing samples compared to the sample which has no phosphorus component. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gandirea Militara Romaneasca is the property of Romanian Armed Forces Defence Staff and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The efficient use of the defence budget for the achievement of military capabilities is a process that generates wide discussions, because it involves a systematic approach of the different economic, military and political aspects. The article highlights some of the methods of analysing the efficiency of the military expenses offered by the specialised literature, which result in identifying the relevant elements, with an impact on the development of military capabilities - as an investment process, which involves short-term costs, but also long-term advantages, from industrial development to ensuring national security. Thus, the efficient use of the defence budget offers a valuable dividend to the national economy. Last but not least, the developed military capabilities can, directly or indirectly, influence the nature of the conflicts, as well as the way in which insecurity is perceived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Article 5 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (T.F.E.U.) states: "1. Member States coordinate their economic policies within the Union. To this end, the Council adopts the measures, including the broad guidelines of these policies. Special provisions apply to Member States whose currency is the Euro. 2. The Union shall take measures to coordinate the employment policies of the Member States, in particular by defining the guidelines for those policies. 3. The Union may take initiatives to coordinate the social policies of the Member States." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first studies on corporate insolvencies in developed countries date to the early 20th century. Nevertheless, due to the geopolitical situation and the introduced economic system, in the Central and Eastern Europe countries, the institution of bankruptcy began to function and became the subject of researcher interest in the first half of the 1990s. However, it is important to conduct research into the bankruptcy evolution and the general bankruptcy causes. In almost all cases, the bankruptcy of a company is determined by the simultaneous effect of several causes, which influence different aspects of the company's business. Therefore, it is worthwhile to analyse the impact of corruption on bankruptcy phenomenon. Corruption is a phenomenon widespread almost all over the world, but its level varies from country to country. In addition, there are very large discrepancies from one geographic region to another. If in some countries the impact of corruption is not obvious, in other countries the effects on poverty can be devastating. The effects of corruption on the economic growth have been extensively studied in the literature. To achieve the purpose of the research, we analysed the link between the level of corruption and the corporate insolvencies in the Central and Eastern European countries. Based on the cross-country findings of this paper a lesson for the Central and Eastern European countries can be crucial. It has been identified that the most significant drivers of corporate insolvencies among all the countries in the data set are corruption and lack of freedom of expression, freedom of association, and a free media. These two factors have to be taken into consideration by EU that is actively trying to develop the European framework for restructuring and bankruptcy management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Civil Engineering / Revista Română de Inginerie Civilă is the property of Matrix Rom and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Retrofitting apartments represents an important necessity for Bucharest, as the city's main body of residential construction was built during the communist era. The purpose of this paper is to reiterate the necessity of retrofitting apartments in Bucharest, through an analysis on the residential market on a large data sample of 19.795 transactions with apartments between 2013 and 2017. 19% of the sample consists of retroffited apartments. Our analysis included spatial references relative to both retrofitted and non-retrofitted apartments, in order to include in the discussion whether there is a random distribution on the decision to retrofit the main constructions. The importance of retrofitting apartments, comes not only from the energy efficiency and cost for owners, but also to how they are transactioned in the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the result of economic-financial analysis on level of NACE 108x code -- Manufacture of other food products. The data include relevant information about the market of such products, being analysed the economic-financial situations of a sample of over 580 companies, representing over 90% of the companies in this industry. The analyses considered the period 2008-2016, being analysed: efficiency indicators, indicators of competition environment, indicators related to income quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the dynamic relationship between house prices and the determinants at play on the real estate markets of Central and Eastern European EU Member States, in 2003-2018. The research methodology is based on an empirical framework used to estimate the deviations of the house prices from their equilibrium level. This empirical analysis rests on statistical indicators such as price-to-income and price-to-rent, as well as the one-sided Hodrick-Prescott filter and the econometric estimations derived from cointegrating the house prices and the supply and demand determinants. In almost all of the selected countries, the results indicate that house prices were overvalued compared to the estimated equilibrium criteria for the period before the financial crisis of 2008, as well as a trend towards stability once the crisis ended. The resulting estimates show that the residential markets in this European region are getting mature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]