73 results on '"Agüera, Eduardo"'
Search Results
52. Patrón de depleción glucogénica y respuesta metabólica muscular a la lidia en toros bravos
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Muñoz, A., Agüera, Eduardo, and Castejón, F.
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Metabolismo ,Ciencias Veterinarias ,bovine ,exercise ,glycogen ,metabolism ,muscle ,Músculos ,bovinos ,ejercicio ,glucógeno ,metabolismo ,músculo ,Bovinos - Abstract
Se ha investigado el metabolismo muscular y el patrón de depleción glucogénica en 12 toros bravos tras la lidia para establecer su adaptación al ejercicio y el orden de intervención de las fibras musculares. Se obtuvieron biopsias musculares tras la lidia, en el músculo glúteo medio, a una profundidad absoluta de 50 mm, para realizar análisis histoquímicos y bioquímicos. El patrón de depleción glucogénica se evaluó mediante la tinción del ácido peryódico de Schiff, las concentraciones musculares de glucógeno y lactato se cuantificaron mediante fluorimetría y se midió el pH muscular. Durante la lidia, se produjo una intervención importante de las vías glucolíticas, con formación de lactato y acidosis muscular. El patrón de depleción glucogénica mostró un orden de contracción fibrilar I→IIA→IIB. El contenido muscular total de glucógeno tras la lidia dependió fundamentalmente del porcentaje de fibras IIB con contenido elevado en glucógeno. En resumen, durante la lidia existe un metabolismo muscular anaerobio intenso, a pesar de la intervención preferencial de las fibras I y IIA, resultados que podrían haberse debido al efecto del estrés psicológico y liberación de catecolaminas. El bajo pH tras la lidia indicaría una capacidad tamponadora reducida, posiblemente debido a la escasez de precursores energéticos e incapacidad de refosforilación del ADP., Muscle metabolism and glycogen depletion pattern were investigated in 12 4-year old bulls after bullfighting in order to establish their muscular adaptation to exercise and the order of recruitment of muscle fibers. Biopsies were taken immediately after bullfighting from the gluteus medium muscle at an absolute depth of 50 mm to perform histochemistry and biochemistry. Glycogen depletion pattern was evaluated by means of periodic acid Schiff’s stain and muscle glycogen and lactate concentrations were determined fluorometrically. Muscle pH was also determined. During bullfighting, a marked intervention of the glycolytic pathways occurred, with glycogen breakdown, lactate formation and muscle acidosis. Glycogen depletion pattern showed a recruitment order of I→IIA→IIB. Total muscle glycogen content after bullfighting was mainly dependent on the percentage of type IIB fibers with high content in glycogen. In summary, the results showed the high anaerobic metabolism during bullfighting, in spite of the main intervention of type I and IIA fibers, which could have been linked to psychological stress and catecholamines release. Furthermore, the low pH could be indicative of a reduced muscle buffer capacity, possible due to the lack of energy precursors and incapacity for ADP rephosphorilation, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
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- 2007
53. Oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers in the blood of patients with Huntington’s disease
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Sánchez-López, Fernando, primary, Tasset, Inmaculada, additional, Agüera, Eduardo, additional, Feijóo, Montserrat, additional, Fernández-Bolaños, Ricardo, additional, Sánchez, Francisco M, additional, Ruiz, María C, additional, Cruz, Antonio H, additional, Gascón, Félix, additional, and Túnez, Isaac, additional
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- 2012
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54. Peripheral oxidative stress in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis
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Tasset, Inmaculada, primary, Agüera, Eduardo, additional, Sánchez-López, Fernando, additional, Feijóo, Montserrat, additional, Giraldo, Ana I., additional, Cruz, Antonio H., additional, Gascón, Félix, additional, and Túnez, Isaac, additional
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- 2012
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55. Natalizumab y reducción de los niveles de proteínas carboniladas en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple
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Tasset Cuevas, Inmaculada, primary, Agüera, Eduardo, additional, Gascón, Félix, additional, Giraldo, Ana I., additional, Salcedo, Manuel, additional, Cruz, Antonio H., additional, Sánchez López, Fernando, additional, and Túnez Fiñana, Isaac, additional
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- 2012
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56. Important Role of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Huntington’s Disease
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Túnez, Isaac, primary, Sánchez-López, Fernando, additional, Agüera, Eduardo, additional, Fernández-Bolaños, Ricardo, additional, Sánchez, Francisco Manuel, additional, and Tasset-Cuevas, Inmaculada, additional
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- 2011
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57. Myosin heavy chain fibre types and fibre sizes in nuliparous and primiparous ovariectomized Iberian sows: Interaction with two alternative rearing systems during the fattening period
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Abreu, Emérita, primary, Quiroz-Rothe, Eugenio, additional, Mayoral, Ana-Isabel, additional, Vivo, José-Manuel, additional, Robina, Ángel, additional, Guillén, María-Teresa, additional, Agüera, Eduardo, additional, and Rivero, José-Luis L., additional
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- 2006
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58. Intracranial portion of the trochlear nerve and dorsal oblique muscle composition in dog: A structural and ultrastructural study
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Vivo, Joaquín, primary, Morales, José L., additional, Diz, Andrés, additional, Galisteo, Alfonso M., additional, Monterde, José G., additional, Blanco, Alfonso, additional, and Agüera, Eduardo, additional
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- 2004
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59. Histochemical and morphometrical study of the middle gluteal muscle in arabian horses
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Lòpez-Rivero, Josè L., primary, Agüera, Eduardo, additional, Vivo, Joaquìn, additional, Diz, Andrès, additional, and Mirò, Francisco, additional
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- 1990
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60. Muscle fiber type composition and fiber size in successfully and unsuccessfully endurance-raced horses.
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RIVERO, JOSÁ-LUIS L., SERRANO, ANTONIO L., HENCKEL, POUL, and AGÜERA, EDUARDO
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- 1993
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61. Quantitative modification of the testicular structure in pigs fed with anabolic doses of clenbuterol
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Blanco, Alfonso, Artacho-Pérula, Emilio, Flores-Acuña, Rafaela, Agüera, Eduardo, and Monterde, Jose G.
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Morphological and structural data of the testes of thirty male pigs were recorded in order to evaluate the effects of an anabolic clenbuterol treatment. Pigs aged 6 months were randomly allocated to one of three experimental groups. In two treated groups, the animals were fed with anabolic doses of clenbuterol (1 ppm); in the CLB group (
$n = 10$ ) clenbuterol was given until they were slaughtered (treatment period = 3 months) whereas in the CLBW group ($n = 10$ ) the clenbuterol was withdrawn two weeks before slaughter (treatment period = 2.5 months); clenbuterol was not given to the pigs of the control group ($n = 10$ ). Stereological estimations of the tissular volume fraction and tubular volume density were applied to quantify the structural constituents of the testes. The results showed an increased volume fraction of the testicular interstitium especially in the Leydig cell population, as a result of the clenbuterol treatment. The increase in the nuclear volume fraction of the Leydig cells was the more persistent change in the variations recorded in both treated groups with respect to the control. A regression of the seminal epithelium was also recorded in the treated animals. The rest of the structural parameters were closer to the normal figures in the CLBW group, suggesting a recovery of the testicular structure when clenbuterol was withdrawn.- Published
- 2002
62. Measuring productivity loss in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
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Maza, Susana Sainz de la, Maurino, Jorge, Borges, Mónica, Martín-Martínez, Jesús, Sotoca, Javier, Alonso, Ana, Caminero, Ana B, Borrega, Laura, Sánchez-Menoyo, José L, Barrero-Hernández, Francisco J, Calles, Carmen, Brieva, Luis, Blasco, Maria R, García-Soto, Julio Dotor, Campo-Amigo, María del, Navarro-Cantó, Laura, Agüera, Eduardo, Garcés, Moisés, Carmona, Olga, Gabaldón-Torres, Laura, Forero, Lucía, Hervás, Mariona, de Alda, Lucía Ruiz, Gómez-Ballesteros, Rocío, and Castillo-Triviño, Tamara
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Multiple sclerosis is one of the most common causes of neurological disability in young adults with major consequences for their autonomy and capacity to maintain employment.
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- 2021
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63. Recomendaciones para la Coordinación de los Servicios de Neurología y Nerorradiología en la Atención a Pacientes con Esclerosis Múltiple
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Llufriu, Sara, Agüera, Eduardo, Costa-Frossard, Lucienne, Galán, Victoria, Landete, Lamberto, Lourido, Daniel, Meca-Lallana, José E., Moral, Ester, Bravo-Rodríguez, Francisco, Koren, Laura, Labiano, Andrés, León, Adelaida, Martín, Patricia, Monedero, María Dolores, Requeni, Luis, Zubizarreta, Irati, and Rovira, Àlex
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Introducción: El uso de la resonancia magnética (RM) está ampliamente extendido en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de los pacientes con esclerosis múltiple (EM). La coordinación entre los Servicios de Neurología y Neurorradiología es clave para la realización e interpretación de estudios radiológicos de la manera más eficaz posible. Sin embargo, esta coordinación es susceptible de mejoras en una gran parte de los hospitales nacionales.
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- 2021
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64. Historia y crítica de las Exposiciones Nacionales de Bellas Artes celebradas en España
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Pantorba, Bernardino de, 1896-1990, Chicharro Agüera, Eduardo, 1873-1949, Pantorba, Bernardino de, 1896-1990, and Chicharro Agüera, Eduardo, 1873-1949
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Na portada: "221 ilustraciones", Bernardino de Pantorba é seudónimo de José López Jiménez
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- 1948
65. NGF and nitrosative stress in patients with Huntington's disease
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Tasset, Inmaculada, Sánchez-López, Fernando, Agüera, Eduardo, Fernández-Bolaños, Ricardo, Sánchez, Francisco Manuel, Cruz-Guerrero, Antonio, Gascón-Luna, Felix, and Túnez, Isaac
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HUNTINGTON disease , *NEURODEGENERATION , *POLYGLUTAMINE , *GENETIC disorders , *NITROTYROSINE , *LACTATE dehydrogenase - Abstract
Abstract: Introduction: Huntington''s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative genetic disorder caused by expansion of polyglutamine repeats in the huntingtin gene and characterised by the loss of striatal and cortical neurons. Few studies to date have focussed on peripheral neurotrophic-factor levels in patients with HD. Objective: To measure plasma NGF levels in Huntington''s disease and investigate their correlation with disease intensity. Materials and methods: Nineteen patients with HD and nineteen age- and sex-matched healthy subjects took part in this cross-sectional study. Plasma levels of NGF, BDNF, GDNF, nitrotyrosine, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured; lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were determined and white blood cell (WBC) counts were evaluated. Results: NGF levels were significantly lower, nitrotyrosine levels were higher and LDH activity was greater in HD patients than in healthy subjects. There was no significant difference in MPO levels or WBC counts, whereas the MPO/WBC ratio was considerably higher in HD patients. The data obtained suggested that biochemical and haematological changes correlated with disease severity. Conclusion: NGF levels are lower in HD patients than in healthy subjects. However, further research is required to confirm the role of NGF in HD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2012
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66. Application of Fractals and Complex Networks of meteorological variables in the description of climate change
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Gómez-Gómez, Javier, Jiménez-Hornero, Francisco José, and Gutiérrez de Ravé Agüera, Eduardo
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Análisis Multifractal de Fluctuación sin Tendencia ,Series temporales ,Series meteorológicas ,Análisis multifractal ,Redes complejas ,Grafo de Visibilidad Horizontal ,Cambio climático ,Temperatura ,Precipitación - Abstract
El cambio climático está provocando distintos efectos según la región del planeta que se trate. Para estudiar estos cambios, se analizan largas series de registros de variables meteorológicas, como la temperatura o la precipitación, a través de modelos y técnicas predictivas. Estos están basados principalmente en bases de datos que se apoyan en análisis estadísticos e ignoran ciertas propiedades no lineales y multifractales de las series temporales implicadas. Esta tesis se presenta como compendio de tres trabajos publicados en revistas indexadas en Journal Citation Reports. En ella se busca encontrar posibles patrones espaciales y temporales en las propiedades de las series y mejorar la descripción de la temperatura del aire en superficie y la precipitación. Para este propósito, se utilizan los análisis multifractal y de redes complejas. Para el primer análisis, se aplica el método de Análisis Multifractal de Fluctuación sin Tendencia (MF-DFA, por sus siglas en inglés), mientras que para el segundo se usa la técnica del Grafo de Visibilidad Horizontal (HVG). Este permite transformar las series temporales en redes complejas que heredan las propiedades de las series originales. Las estaciones meteorológicas analizadas se distribuyen a lo largo del territorio peninsular español y abarcan un mismo periodo de 60 años: 1960-2019. En el primer trabajo, se lleva a cabo el análisis multifractal de las series de temperatura máxima, mínima, media y rango térmico diario (DTR, por sus siglas en inglés) en los subperiodos 1960-1989 y 1990-2019. Tras aplicar el método MF-DFA, se observa que las series son multifractales. Las temperaturas mínima y media experimentan una reducción del grado de multifractalidad en el último periodo en la mayoría de las estaciones. Además, muestran un mayor grado de multifractalidad en las estaciones costeras. En el segundo trabajo, se usa el método HVG para analizar las series anuales de temperatura media diaria que se estudiaron en el primero. Los resultados indican que las estructuras de las redes complejas y sus propiedades no parecen estar afectadas por el ascenso de las temperaturas derivado de las condiciones climáticas globales y son similares para las diferentes localizaciones consideradas. Finalmente, en el tercer trabajo, se usa de nuevo el método MF-DFA en series de precipitación. Como resultado, se observa que la precipitación presenta un carácter multifractal más complejo que el de la temperatura, con al menos tres regímenes de escala distintos para las pequeñas fluctuaciones de estas señales. A escalas pequeñas, la precipitación diaria tiene una gran persistencia y la magnitud de las correlaciones sigue el gradiente espacial de la precipitación anual característico de la Península Ibérica. Estas correlaciones se reducen de manera uniforme en el segundo periodo. Los principales cambios observados a grandes escalas comprenden un aumento en la complejidad de las pequeñas fluctuaciones y una disminución de las singularidades de las series en la zona oriental de la Península. Climate change is causing different effects depending on the region of the planet concerned. To study these changes, long record series of meteorological variables, such as temperature or precipitation, are analyzed by means of models and predictive techniques. These are mainly based in data bases which are supported by statistical analysis and ignore some nonlinear and multifractal properties of the time series involved. This thesis is presented as a compendium of three works published in journals indexed in Journal Citation Reports. It aims to find possible spatial and temporal patterns in the properties of series and to improve the description of the air surface temperatura and the precipitation. For that purpose, multifractal and complex networks analysis are used. For the first analysis, the Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MF-DFA) is applied, while for the second one the Horizontal Visibility Graph (HVG) technique is employed. This allows to transform time series into complex networks which inherit the features of the original series. The analyzed meteorological stations are distributed over the Spanish peninsular territory and span the same 60-year period: 1960-2019. In the first work, the multifractal analysis of the series of maximum, minimum, mean temperature, and diurnal temperature range (DTR) is carried out in the subperiods 1960-1989 and 1990-2019. After the MF-DFA method is applied, it is observed that the time series are multifractal. Minimum and mean temperatures experience a reduction of the degree of multifractality in the last period in most stations. Furthermore, they show a higher degree of multifractality in the coastal stations. In the second work, the HVG method is used on the annual series of daily mean temperature which were studied in the first one. Outcomes denote that the complex network structures and their properties seem not to be affected by the rise of temperatures derived from the global climatic conditions and they are similar for the different locations considered. Finally, in the third work, the MF-DFA method is used again on precipitation series. As a result, it is observed that the precipitation exhibits a more complex multifractal character than the temperature, with at least three different scaling regions for the small fluctuations of these signals. At small scales, daily precipitation has a high persistence, and the magnitude of correlations follows the characteristic spatial gradient of annual precipitation in the Iberian Peninsula. These correlations are reduced uniformly in the second period. The main changes observed at large scales include a rise in the complexity of small fluctuations and a decrease of singularities of series in the eastern part of the Peninsula.
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- 2022
67. Aplicación de redes complejas a la descripción de la dinámica de contaminantes atmosféricos
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Carmona-Cabezas, Rafael, Jiménez-Hornero, Francisco José, and Gutiérrez de Ravé Agüera, Eduardo
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Photochemical smog ,Visibility graphs ,Time series ,Multifractal analysis ,Air pollution ,Complex networks ,Tropospheric ozone - Abstract
Air pollution has been a major concern among environmental scientists due to its importance to public health. Among the different pollutants that can be found in the air, one can point out tropospheric ozone as one of the most studied ones in the recent years, due to the risk derived for living beings. As a result of the many factors involved in the creation and destruction of this gas, the analysis of its dynamics is quite complicated. Traditionally, conventional statistical methods have been employed, while in the last decades multifractal approaches have gained importance. This is due to their suitability describing systems with a great degree of variability. This thesis focuses on the evaluation and implementation of complex networks for the analysis of tropospheric O3 dynamics. The studies carried out are based on the Visibility Graph (VG) technique, which transforms time series into complex networks that inherit the properties of the first ones. In the first part, a combination of the VG and the multifractal Sand-Box (SB) algorithms is performed. By doing this, authors analyze the generalized fractal dimensions and the singularity spectra. Then, a comparison was made between these multifractal parameters and the quantities obtainable from the degree distribution of the resulting graphs. Regarding the second part of this thesis, the VG methodology was used on O3 time series from rural and urban stations, in order to retrieve the centrality parameters from the obtained networks. This way, degree, shortest path and betweenness are studied to support the use of this technique and find new information. Results show that this methodology can indeed differentiate between ozone measurements in urban and countryside environments, providing new insights about the dynamics. In the third and last part of this document, authors propose an alternative approach to the VG, called Sliding Visibility Graph (SVG). This new technique takes advantage of the fact that visibility adjacency matrices are mostly empty, since the bast majority of the nodes are not connected to each other. Thanks to this, it is possible to apply effectively a sliding window approach to lessen considerably the computation time, reducing one order the time efficiency (from O(N2) to O(N). This is especially convenient when dealing with very large time series. As the resulting network approximates the original VG, it has been evaluated how it converges to the VG case for different types of series, as there lies the actual interest of this tool. As expected, the SVG results converge quite rapidly to the exact values, especially for random and O3 concentration series. La contaminación atmosférica es uno de los principales problemas estudiados dentro de la ciencia ambiental, debido a su gran impacto en la salud pública. Entre los diferentes contaminantes que podemos encontrar en el aire, merece la pena destacar el ozono troposférico (O3) como uno de los más estudiados en los últimos años, debido al alto riesgo para los seres vivos. Como resultado de los numerosos factores implicados en la creación y destrucción de este gas, el análisis de sus dinámicas es bastante complejo. Tradicionalmente, se han usado métodos estadísticos convencionales, mientras que en las últimas décadas han ganado importancia las técnicas multifractales. Esto se debe a su adecuación para describir sistemas con un grado elevado de variabilidad. Esta tesis se centra en la evaluación e implementación de las redes complejas para el análisis de la dinámica del O3. Los estudios llevados a cabo se basan en el uso de la técnica del Grafo de Visibilidad (GV), que transforma series temporales en redes complejas que heredan propiedades de las primeras. En la primera parte, se utiliza una combinación del GV y del algoritmo multifractal Sand-Box (SB). Gracias a esto, es posible obtener las dimensiones fractales generalizadas y el espectro de singularidades. Por último, se ha realizado una comparación entre los parámetros multifractales y las cantidades obtenibles directamente a partir de la distribución del grado de los grafos resultantes. En cuanto a la segunda parte de esta tesis, el método del GV es usado en series temporales de O3 de estaciones rurales y urbanas, con la finalidad de obtener los parámetros de centralidad de las redes conseguidas. De este modo, el grado, el camino mínimo y la intermediación se estudian para refutar la aplicabilidad del GV y buscar nueva información. Los resultados muestran que en efecto esta metodología puede permitir diferenciar entre medidas de ozono en medios rurales y urbanos. En la tercera y última parte de este documento, los autores proponen un método alternativo al GV, llamado Grafo de Visibilidad Deslizante (GVD). Esta nueva técnica se aprovecha del hecho de que las matrices de adyacencia de los GV son prácticamente vacías, puesto que la mayoría de los vértices no están conectados entre sí. Gracias a ello, es posible aplicar de forma efectiva un algoritmo de ventana deslizante para reducir considerablemente el tiempo de cálculo, bajando en uno el orden de magnitud de la eficiencia (de O (N2) a O (N)). Esto es especialmente provechoso cuando se trata con series temporales muy grandes. Debido a que la red resultante aproxima al GV original, se ha evaluado cómo converge al segundo para diferentes tipos de series temporales, que es donde reside en interés real de esta herramienta. Como era de esperar, los resultados del GVD convergen rápidamente a los valores exactos, especialmente para series aleatorias y concentración de O3.
- Published
- 2021
68. Descripción multifractal de redes antrópicas y naturales
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Ariza Villaverde, Ana Belén, Jiménez-Hornero, Francisco José, and Gutiérrez de Ravé Agüera, Eduardo
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Análisis multifractal ,Fractalidad ,Geometría urbana ,Morfología urbana ,Topografía ,Redes de drenaje - Abstract
Las redes, tanto de origen antrópico como natural, han sidoampliamente estudiadas debido a su presencia en múltiples disciplinas Así,numerosas investigaciones han descrito sus propiedades estructurales ydinámicas y las relaciones entre ellas. En esta tesis se investiga unapropiedad de estas redes conocida como multifractalidad, que estádirectamente relacionada con la auto-similitud y es una extensión delconcepto de fractalidad.La fractalidad implica invarianza de escala, es decir, un objeto es fractalcuando presenta la misma apariencia independientemente del nivel deampliación con el que se observa. Un objeto fractal se define mediante sudimensión fractal. No obstante, en determinadas ocasiones esta dimensiónno es suficiente para describir toda la complejidad del objeto, siendonecesario la aplicación de la multifractalidad en la que se considera unconjunto de dimensiones fractales. La presente tesis investiga si estamultifractalidad, entendida como una extensión de la auto-semejanza, puedeser usada en la descripción de redes de diferente origen.La presente tesis doctoral se estructura en tres capítulos cuyo contenidose describe de manera sucinta a continuación:En el Capítulo 1 se describió la distribución de la velocidad de flujoen un medio poroso simulado haciendo uso del análisis multifractal.Además, se compararon los resultados proporcionados por dos algoritmosmultifractales. El primero de ellos, conocido como Box-Counting, es unode los más usados y el segundo, denominado Sandbox, es particularmenteútil para superar ciertas limitaciones del anterior algoritmo cuando esaplicado al estudio de redes.En el Capítulo 2 se estudió la multifractalidad de redes de origenantrópico como son los patrones del entramado urbano. Así, se analizarondos barrios de la ciudad de Córdoba (Andalucía, España). Ambos conmorfología diferente, regular e irregular, consecuencia del crecimiento de laciudad bajo diferentes planes de ordenación urbana y condicionessocioecnómicas. También se discutió la importancia del estudio de lamorfología urbana bajo un punto de vista multifractal, y la información ocaracterísticas morfológicas aportadas por dicho análisis al conocimiento dela estructura o forma de una ciudad.En el Capítulo 3 se exploró un nuevo uso del análisis multifractal comoherramienta de estudio de redes naturales. Con este fin, se compararonredes de ríos obtenidas por restitución fotogramétrica y mediante laextensión ArcHydro del programa ArcGIS. Además, la propiedadmultifractal de las redes se usó para determinar el valor umbral másapropiado de acumulación de flujo que permite reproducir con mayorprecisión la red de ríos generada por la herramienta ArcHydro.Finalmente, las conclusiones generales de la presente tesis destacan laconveniencia de usar el conjunto de dimensiones fractales determinadas enel análisis multifractal para describir redes de origen antrópico y natural adiferentes escalas de trabajo., Networks, both anthropogenic and natural, have been widely studieddue to its presence in multiple disciplines. Thus, numerous studies havedescribed their structural and dynamic properties and the relationshipsbetween them. In this thesis it is investigated a property of these networksknown as multifractality, which is directly related to self-similarity and is anextension of the concept of fractality.Fractality implies scale invariance (i.e., an object is fractal when itpresents the same appearance regardless of the magnification level withwhich it is observed). A fractal object is defined by its fractal dimension.However, on occasion this dimension is not enough to describe thecomplexity of the object, requiring the application of multifractality in whatis considered a set of fractal dimensions. This thesis investigates whetherthis multifractality, understood as an extension of self-similarity, can be usedin the description of networks with different origin.This thesis is divided into three chapters which contents are describedsuccinctly below:In Chapter 1 there was elucidated the distribution of flow velocity in asimulated porous medium using multifractal analysis. Furthermore, wecompared the results provided by two multifractal algorithms; the first,known as Box-Counting, is one of the most used, and the second, calledSandbox, is particularly useful to overcome certain limitations of thepreceding when applied studying networks.In Chapter 2 we studied multifractality of anthropogenic networks suchas urban fabric patterns. Thus, we analyzed two neighborhoods in the city of Córdoba (Andalusia, Spain) both with different morphologies, regularand irregular, due to the growth of the city under different urban planningand socioeconomic conditions. It was also discussed the importance of thestudy of urban morphology under a multifractal standpoint, andmorphological information provided by such analysis to the knowledge ofthe structure or shape of a city.In Chapter 3, we explored a new use of multifractal analysis as a toolfor the study of natural networks. To this end, we compared networks ofrivers obtained by photogrammetric restitution and by the extensionArcHydro from ArcGIS software. Furthermore, the multifractal property ofthe networks was used to determine the most appropriate threshold valueof flow accumulation that allows reproducing more accurately the networkof rivers generated by the computer tool ArcHydro.Finally, the general conclusions of this thesis highlight the convenienceof using the set of fractal dimensions determined by multifractal analysis todescribe networks of anthropogenic and natural networks at different scalesof implementation.
- Published
- 2013
69. Estudio multifractal de la influencia de factores meteorológicos y químicos en la concentración de ozono troposférico
- Author
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Pavón Domínguez, Pablo, Jiménez-Hornero, Francisco José, and Gutiérrez de Ravé Agüera, Eduardo
- Subjects
Contaminación atmosférica ,Ozono - Abstract
El ozono troposférico es un contaminantes del aire que se forma como consecuencia dereacciones fotoquímicas en las ciudades y sus alrededores. En los últimos años ha ganadoprotagonismo frente a otro tipo de emisiones, fundamentalmente por los daños queocasiona en la salud humana y los cultivos, su facilidad para ser transportado de unas zonasa otras y la dificultad para predecir las altas concentraciones. En los procesos de formación,transporte y destrucción de ozono a nivel superficial intervienen tanto agentesmeteorológicos como químicos primarios, confiriéndole a sus concentraciones un altogrado de aleatoriedad.Ciñéndonos a los objetivos planteados, esta tesis utiliza el análisis multifractal comoherramienta para caracterizar la distribución de los valores de ozono a lo largo del tiempo,teniendo la ventaja de que los resultados obtenidos son independientes de la escala deobservación. La primera parte se corresponde con un estudio estacional comparativo delozono entre diferentes localizaciones de medida (urbana, suburbana y rural) llevado a cabomediante el empleo del análisis multifractal. Posteriormente se muestran los resultadosobtenidos mediante el empleo del análisis multifractal conjunto entre el ozono y uno de susprincipales precursores, el dióxido de nitrógeno. La tercera parte, y también mediante elempleo del análisis multifractal conjunto, se centra en la relación de dependencia entre elozono y algunas variables meteorológicas, como la temperatura, la radiación solar y lahumedad del aire. La cuarta se basa en un estudio de los patrones de viento (dirección yvelocidad) sobre el ozono troposférico aplicando el análisis multifractal conjunto. En elquinto y último apartado se retoma el análisis multifractal siempre para evaluar la capacidadde un modelo de predicción de ozono troposférico para reproducir la distribución de losdatos de las series reales a través de distintas escalas de observación, dotando a estaherramienta de una aplicabilidad eminentemente práctica., Ground-level ozone is an atmospheric pollutant which is formed as a result of severalphotochemical reactions in cities and surrounding areas. In recent years, it has gainedprominence over other types of emissions, mainly due to the damage caused to humanhealth and crops, its transport from emission areas to surroundings and the difficulty inpredicting high concentrations. Both meteorological variables and primary chemicalpollutants are involved in formation, transport and destruction of ozone, giving a highdegree of randomness.According to the objectives, this thesis uses the multifractal analysis as a tool tocharacterize the distribution of ozone values over time, taking the advantage that the resultsare independent from the scale of observation. The first part corresponds to a seasonalcomparative study between different ozone measuring locations (urban, suburban andrural) carried out using multifractal analysis. Then, it is shown the results obtained by usingjoint multifractal analysis of ozone and one of its main precursors, nitrogen dioxide. In thethird, it is also used the joint multifractal analysis between ozone and some meteorologicalvariables such as temperature, solar radiation and air humidity. The fourth is based on awind patterns study (velocity and wind direction) on ozone using the multifractal analysisjoint. The fifth section regards multifractal analysis to assess the ability of a predictivemodel to reproduce the data distribution of real ozone time series over different scales,conferring this tool a very practical application.
- Published
- 2012
70. Assessing illness-related uncertainty in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A psychometric analysis of the Mishel Uncertainty of Illness Scale.
- Author
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Sabin J, Salas E, Martín-Martínez J, Candeliere-Merlicco A, Barrero FJ, Alonso A, Sánchez-Menoyo JL, Borrega L, Rodríguez-Rodríguez M, Gómez-Gutiérrez M, Eichau S, Hernández-Pérez MÁ, Calles C, Fernández-Díaz E, Carmona O, Orvíz A, López-Real A, López-Muñoz P, Mendoza A, Agüera E, Maurino J, and Ballesteros J
- Abstract
A multicenter study involving 204 adults with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) assessed the dimensionality and item characteristics of the Mishel-Uncertainty of Illness Scale (MUIS), a generic self-assessment tool. Mokken analysis identified two dimensions in the MUIS with an appropriate item and overall scale scalability after excluding nonclassifiable items. A refined 12-item MUIS, employing a grade response model, effectively discriminated uncertainty levels among RRMS patients (likelihood ratio test p -value = .03). These findings suggest the potential value of the 12-item MUIS as a reliable measure for assessing uncertainty associated with the course of illness in RRMS., Competing Interests: The authors declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: ES and JM are employees of Roche Farma Spain. JS received honoraria for lecturing, consulting, or travel expenses from Biogen, Merck, Teva, Novartis, BMS, Janssen, Almirall, Roche, and Sanofi. JMM served on scientific advisory boards and/or received speaking honoraria, research funding and support to attend scientific meetings from Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, and Teva. FJB received compensation for consulting services and speaking honoraria from Almirall, Biogen, Genzyme, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, and Teva. AA received compensation for consulting services from Biogen, BMS, Sanofi, Roche, Janssen, and Novartis; and speaking honoraria from Biogen, BMS, Sanofi, Roche, Janssen, Merck, Almirall, and Novartis. JLSM received support to attend scientific meetings from Novartis, Merck, and Biogen; speaking honoraria from Biogen, Novartis, Sanofi, Merck, Almirall, Bayer, and Teva; and participated in clinical trials from Biogen, Merck, and Roche. LB received compensation for consulting services, speaking honoraria, and support to attend scientific meetings from Bayer, Celgene, Biogen, Sanofi, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Almirall, and Teva. MGG received speaking honoraria from Biogen, BMS, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, and Bial. SE received consulting fees and lecture honoraria from Biogen, Novartis, Sanofi, Merck, Roche, and Almirall. CC received compensation for consulting services, speaking honoraria and support to attend scientific meetings and courses from Merck, Teva, Sanofi, Novartis, Biogen, Roche, and BMS. EFD received honoraria and travel expenses for participation in scientific meetings and advisory boards from Almirall, Biogen, Merck, Roche, and Sanofi. OC received honoraria for speaker services and advisory boards from Sanofi, Roche, Janssen, and Merck. AO received research grants, travel support, advisory activities, and honoraria for speaking from Almirall, Biogen, BMS, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, and Teva. ALR received speaker and consultation fees, and congress travel support from Biogen, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, and Sanofi. AM received research grants, travel support or honoraria for speaking engagements from Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, and Teva. EA received speaking honoraria from Roche, Novartis, Merck, Sanofi, and Biogen. The rest of the authors declared no potential conflicts of interest. The abstract of this article was presented at the European Congress of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) as a poster presentation with interim findings (PCR178; Copenhagen, Denmark; November 14, 2023)., (© The Author(s), 2024.)
- Published
- 2024
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71. Muscular hypertrophy and atrophy in normal rats provoked by the administration of normal and denervated muscle extracts.
- Author
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Agüera E, Castilla S, Luque E, Jimena I, Leiva-Cepas F, Ruz-Caracuel I, and Peña J
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- Animals, Atrophy physiopathology, Disease Models, Animal, Hypertrophy physiopathology, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Muscle Denervation, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Muscle Development physiology, Muscle, Skeletal innervation, Muscle, Skeletal pathology
- Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of extracts obtained from both normal and denervated muscles on different muscle types. Wistar rats were used and were divided into a control group and four experimental groups. Each experimental group was treated intraperitoneally during 10 consecutive days with a different extract. These extracts were obtained from normal soleus muscle, denervated soleus, normal extensor digitorum longus, and denervated extensor digitorum longus. Following treatment, the soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles were obtained for study under optic and transmission electron microscope; morphometric parameters and myogenic responses were also analyzed. The results demonstrated that the treatment with normal soleus muscle and denervated soleus muscle extracts provoked hypertrophy and increased myogenic activity. In contrast, treatment with extracts from the normal and denervated EDL had a different effect depending on the muscle analyzed. In the soleus muscle it provoked hypertrophy of type I fibers and increased myogenic activity, while in the extensor digitorum longus atrophy of the type II fibers was observed without changes in myogenic activity. This suggests that the muscular responses of atrophy and hypertrophy may depend on different factors related to the muscle type which could be related to innervation.
- Published
- 2016
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72. Skeletal muscle findings in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
- Author
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Luque E, Ruz-Caracuel I, Medina FJ, Leiva-Cepas F, Agüera E, Sánchez-López F, Lillo R, Aguilar-Luque M, Jimena I, Túnez I, and Peña J
- Subjects
- Animals, Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental physiopathology, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Oxidative Stress physiology, Rats, Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental pathology, Muscle, Skeletal ultrastructure
- Abstract
Introduction: Skeletal muscle is a target organ in multiple sclerosis, a chronic debilitating disease of the central nervous system caused by demyelination and axonal deterioration. Since the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model reproduces the relapsing-remitting course found in most multiple sclerosis patients, this model was used to compare the histological features of skeletal muscle at onset with those observed at the start of the second relapse., Material and Methods: Histological, histochemical and ultrastructural changes, as well as biochemical oxidative damage and antioxidant-system markers, were examined in the soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles of Dark Agouti rats in which experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis had been induced by active immunization using myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein., Results: Histological examination at disease onset revealed ragged-red fibers and ultrastructural evidence of mitochondrial degeneration. At the second relapse, neurogenic changes included a wide range of cytoarchitectural lesions, skeletal muscle atrophy and the appearance of intermediate fibers; however, differences were observed between soleus and extensor digitorum longus lesions. Biochemical tests disclosed an increase in oxidative stress markers at onset, which was more pronounced at the second relapse., Conclusions: Microscopic findings suggest that two patterns can be distinguished at disease onset: an initial phase characterized by muscle mitochondrial alterations, and a second phase dominated by a histological muscle pattern of clearly neurogenic origin., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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73. Adherence to interferon β-1b treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis in Spain.
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Fernández O, Agüera E, Izquierdo G, Millán-Pascual J, Ramió I Torrentà L, Oliva P, Argente J, Berdei Y, Soler JM, Carmona O, Errea JM, and Farrés J
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Interferon beta-1b, Male, Middle Aged, Spain, Interferon-beta therapeutic use, Multiple Sclerosis drug therapy, Patient Compliance
- Abstract
Background: Adherence to interferon β-1b (INFβ-1b) therapy is essential to maximize the beneficial effects of treatment in multiple sclerosis (MS). For that reason, the main objectives of this study are to assess adherence to INFβ-1b in patients suffering from MS in Spain, and to identify the factors responsible for adherence in routine clinical practice., Methodology/principal Findings: This was an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study including 120 Spanish patients with MS under INFβ-1b treatment. Therapeutic adherence was assessed with Morisky-Green test and with the percentage of doses received. The proportion of adherent patients assessed by Morisky-Green test was 68.3%, being indicative of poor adherence. Nevertheless, the percentage of doses received, which was based on the number of injected medication, was 94.3%. The main reason for missing INFβ-1b injections was forgetting some of the administrations (64%). Therefore, interventions that diminish forgetfulness might have a positive effect in the proportion of adherent patients and in the percentage of doses received. In addition, age and comorbidities had a significant effect in the number of doses injected per month, and should be considered in the management of adherence in MS patients., Conclusion/significance: Among all the available methods for assessing adherence, the overall consumption of the intended dose has to be considered when addressing adherence.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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