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O desenvolvimento sustentado de uma economia passa pela sua capacidade de atrair investimentos que, ao criarem empresas, geram emprego e riqueza. Recorrendo a indicadores internacionais de atractividade empresarial - que incluem indicadores de empreendedorismo, inovação, burocracia e corrupção e os tradicionais indicadores de crescimento e desenvolvimento económico - vai tentar perceber-se qual a relação entre a imagem empresarial que o mundo associa a Cabo Verde e o seu potencial de crescimento e desenvolvimento na última década. Conclui-se que a estabilidade política, reconhecida no contexto político e empresarial internacional, permite atrair investimentos estrangeiros mas o desenvolvimento da economia cabo-verdiana ressente-se de uma fraca performance económica e empresarial. One economy economic sustainable development relies on its capacity to attract investments which, by creating firms, generate employment and wealth. Using international entrepreneurship attraction indicators - that include not only the traditional indicators of growth and economic development but also up-to-date entrepreneurship, innovation, bureaucracy and corruption indicators - the paper tries to understand the relation between the international entrepreneurial image of Cape Verde and its growth and development potential during the last decade. The overall conclusion points out that the internationally recognized, political and social stability enhances the economy attractiveness potential related to foreign investment. That attractiveness ability is mitigated by a weaker economical and entrepreneurial performance, though.

This work addresses the post-entry performance of employer enterprises for seven regions in Portugal, at the NUT II level, by investigating the structural characteristics of survival, using non-parametric and semi-parametric methods, during the period 1985 to 2007. The last decades of the 20th century were characterized by a period of creative destruction in Portugal. In particular, regions such as Norte, Algarve and Madeira show the highest growth rates in enterprise births, deaths and firm churn. After 2000, firms´ births and deaths get relatively less turbulent. In the non-parametric analysis, we identify statistically significant disparities among regions. Norte has the lowest survival rate and Centro holds the longest surviving firms and the survival gap between the former two regions gets amplified over time. Concerning the semi-parametric analysis, firm’s current size dimension is a strong determinant for the probability of survival, particularly in the Norte and Açores. In industries characterized by high entry rates at the moment of a firm’s birth, post-entry survival becomes harder, especially in the south and in the Portuguese archipelagos, the regions with the lowest number of active employer enterprises. A higher entry rate combined with fast growth rates for any given industry also generates a shorter duration of firms. Manufacturing is the sector where more firms are more likely to abandon the market, particularly in Madeira and Norte. But it is turbulence, given by the sum of firms´ entry and exit rates that exhibits the most significant effect on survival. For every region, except for the Açores, where there is no statistical significance, those that have the highest record of firm turbulence, also display the lowest business survival probabilities. Turbulence decreases severely the survival probabilities of firms located in Madeira and Norte and to a lesser extent in the Algarve.

Apesar da discussão em torno da taxa de desemprego nacional, pouco se conhece quanto à distribuição territorial das características dos desempregados registados nos centros de emprego, mesmo que o conhecimento dessa distribuição possa ser de utilidade crucial no desenvolvimento de políticas públicas adequadas de combate ao desemprego. Este artigo procura ultrapassar tal lacuna, recorrendo à análise de clusters. A metodologia referida procurar encontrar grupos de unidades territoriais (NUTII) que apresentem as mesmas características para os desempregados registados. Os resultados permitem concluir pelo agrupamento dos distritos portugueses em quatro grandes grupos, com uma distinção clara entre o Norte e o Sul e, ainda, o litoral e o interior de Portugal Continental, assim como uma alteração no perfil regional de desemprego registado. The regional distribution of the unemployed individual characteristics is of core importance for the development of public policies that can fight the unemployment phenomenon, especially in times of crises. In this research work, the data mining cluster methodology allows finding groups of regional areas - considering for that the NUTII administrative regions - that share the same characteristics for the register unemployed and, therefore, helps in a better understanding of the problem and possible solutions. Results for the Portuguese regions show a clear division of the territory among four regions - north and south and urban and rural areas of the country. The final results also show that the economic crisis imply changes in the geographical profile distribution of the registered unemployed.

We address the post-entry performance of new Portuguese firms by investigating the structural characteristics of the hazard and survival functions, using semi-parametric survival analysis. It is based on the application of the entrepreneurship definitions and methodology of the “Manual on Business Demography Statistics” (OECD/Eurostat, 2007) to the Quadros de Pessoal dataset. The main contribution of this work is the application of a recent internationally comparable methodology for entrepreneurship to provide a multidimensional overview of firm and survival dynamics over a period of eighteen years, while guaranteeing international comparability. By correcting heterogeneity with a different specification model, we obtain stronger magnitudes of the hazard ratios found previously.

In most studies in the literature only the participation in a single programme versus non-participation is evaluated. This approach, however, does not address the needs of a comprehensive evaluation of an active public intervention in the labour market. Active labour market programmes, like the Portuguese, are not restricted to a particular measure. Rather, in most cases, the public employment service offers a wide variety of programmes to the universe of potential participants. In this context, the issue is participation in one programme versus participation in an alternative programme. In particular, it is appropriate to investigate which programme presents a higher causal effect. Imbens (2000) and Lechner (2001) extended the traditional matching methodology to a context of multiple programme participation. The approach followed in this paper intends to go even further. Indeed, since the traditional matching methodology, which considers the conditional independence assumption, is not appropriate in the context of the Portuguese labour market analysis, we will adopt the assumption of the bias stability. Taking into consideration the selection on unobservables, the matching methodology, combined with the difference-in-differences methodology, will be then our selected evaluation approach. The paper presents the estimation of the average treatment effects on the treated in six distinct states (the non-participation state, plus five “active” programmes). The results, in terms of employability, are not identical across the different states in the short-run (i.e. in the first six to twelve months after participation), but they do seem to converge in the long-run (i.e. after two and a half years).

Productivity measurement in the tourism sector has been raising increasing interest among researchers and is recognised as an important indicator for understanding the strengths and weaknesses of the sector and for enhancing its spillover effects on the economy. However, studies for Portugal and the particular activities included in the set of nature tourism activities are scarce. To overcome this research gap, this paper calculates the labour productivity and total factor productivity (TFP) measures of nature tourism firms to compare firms? productivity performance across NUTS II regions in mainland Portugal during 2014?2017. Using data from SABI, Quadros do Pessoal, INE and the National Tourism Registry, the sample consists of 369 firms, representing 55% of firms operating in nature tourism in the mainland. Results show that the levels of TFP, unlike to labour productivity, are uneven over time and space. In 2015, a year of change in the business cycle, all regions experienced a negative increase in TFP except the Metropolitan Region of Lisbon, which seems to indicate that nature tourism in most of the country is less resilient to external economic shocks, performing better in periods of prosperity. Labour productivity growth does not present, in general, consistently positive results. B913-0565-0908 | Elvira Vieira info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

A satisfactory and benevolent level of social welfare which turns out to be one of the primordial mandates and fundamental functions of any country is in some way dependent on a certain number of factors that have both direct and indirect impact on it. In this respect, one of the predominant mechanisms that provide for a decent boost of life quality is represented by the financial system of the country which, in its turn, is built upon the budget system. The objective of this research lies in the comparative analysis of the budget execution effectiveness of the Russian Federation and Portugal in terms of the social welfare policy implementation in a three-year dynamic – from 2015 to 2017. For the purpose of endorsing a scientific research method to identify the expenditures share in the GDP of the two countries, have been calculated the index of the public sector performance (PSP) and the index of the public sector efficiency (PSE) which comprise and string the underlying elements of social welfare and the budget expenditures sections of the analysed countries related to them. The results show that the state budget of Portugal maintains a more socially oriented policy, whereas the state budget of the Russian Federation is noticeably directed to the economic growth accomplishment and national defence stability. Apart from that, the state budget of Portugal is differentiated by a larger degree of effectiveness in terms of social welfare growth. The research work has certain distinguishing features of the novelty as no similar analysis held upon the comparison of the state expenditures of the Russian Federation and Portugal from the perspective of social welfare policy implementation has ever been performed. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

In the 21st century, the most valuable strategic resources for business enterprises will no longer be physical assets such as land and machines, but rather intangible assets (IA) such as knowledge, patents, and intellectual property rights. This study aims to analyze the effect of IA (exclusively those that are recognized and shown in the balance sheet) on the return on equity (ROE). In order to analyze the influence of IA on ROE, the study used components of the Standard and Poor 100 Index (S&P100). Due to some research restrictions, 68 companies were selected as the study’s sample. The research results were obtained using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. According to our findings, the influence of IA on ROE is approximately 34% excluding goodwill and 31% including goodwill. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Innovation policy is a significant element of sustainable development by finding new solutions in response to existing problems. A key to a successful increase in innovation is to identify and understand what are the main business environment factors that impact on business innovation. So, the objective of this research work is to identify and quantify which business environment elements impact on business innovation activity, in the last ten years. Such a goal will be reached using fixed and random panel data methods applied to data provided by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). This study concludes that worldwide factors as financing, government support, lower taxes and bureaucracy, entrepreneurship education in primary and secondary levels and the country’s economy openness present an important positive impact on innovation. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Job performance depends on many different factors including establishing a productive relationship between staff and management. The success of any organization is reliant on employees who enjoy doing their jobs and are rewarded for their work. So, the main purpose of this study is to identify non-monetary factors that influence the work performance of employees using as sample two companies in the telecommunications sector in Palestine. Seven hypotheses are tested to find which may be the factors that influence the performance of the employees in these companies. The key findings of the study show that in both companies the employees rated recognizing and appreciating of their work as the most important factor affecting their performance. Furthermore, it is found that the strong employee and manager relationship with motivation does have a positive effect on employee performance of both companies. The office environment only affects positively the employee’s work performance in one of the sample companies. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion