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51. Multilingual Global E-Learning Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Curriculum for Front Line Health Care Providers in Resource-Limited Countries: Development Study.

Author

Kalaitzoglou, E, Majaliwa, E, Zacharin, M, de Beaufort, C, Chanoine, J-P, van Wijngaard-DeVugt, C, Sperla, E, Boot, AM, Drop, SLS, Kalaitzoglou, E, Majaliwa, E, Zacharin, M, de Beaufort, C, Chanoine, J-P, van Wijngaard-DeVugt, C, Sperla, E, Boot, AM, and Drop, SLS

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Electronic learning (e-learning) is a widely accessible, low-cost option for learning remotely in various settings that allows interaction between an instructor and a learner. OBJECTIVE: We describe the development of a free and globally accessible multilingual e-learning module that provides education material on topics in pediatric endocrinology and diabetes and that is intended for first-line physicians and health workers but also trainees or medical specialists in resource-limited countries. METHODS: As complements to concise chapters, interactive vignettes were constructed, exemplifying clinical issues and pitfalls, with specific attention to the 3 levels of medical health care in resource-limited countries. The module is part of a large e-learning portal, ESPE e-learning, which is based on ILIAS (Integriertes Lern-, Informations- und Arbeitskooperations-System), an open-source web-based learning management system. Following a review by global experts, the content was translated by native French, Spanish, Swahili, and Chinese-speaking colleagues into their respective languages using a commercial web-based translation tool (SDL Trados Studio). RESULTS: Preliminary data suggest that the module is well received, particularly in targeted parts of the world and that active promotion to inform target users is warranted. CONCLUSIONS: The e-learning module is a free globally accessible multilingual up-to-date tool for use in resource-limited countries that has been utilized thus far with success. Widespread use will require dissemination of the tool on a global scale.

Published
2020

63. Target setting in intensive insulin management is associated with metabolic control: the Hvidoere Childhood Diabetes Study Group Centre Differences Study 2005

Author

Swift, P GF, Skinner, T C, de Beaufort, C E, Cameron, F J, Åman, J, Aanstoot, H-J, Castaño, L, Chiarelli, F, Daneman, D, Danne, T, Dorchy, H, Hoey, H, Kaprio, E A, Kaufman, F, Kocova, M, Mortensen, H B, Njølstad, P R, Phillip, M, Robertson, K J, Schoenle, E J, Urakami, T, Vanelli, M, Ackermann, R W, and Skovlund, S E

Published
2010
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64. Effect of hydrolyzed infant formula vs conventional formula on risk of type 1 diabetes the TRIGR randomized clinical trial

Author

Knip M., Akerblom H. K., Altaji E., Becker D., Bruining J., Castano L., Danne T., De Beaufort C., Dosch H. -M., Dupre J., Fraser W. D., Howard N., Ilonen J., Konrad D., Kordonouri O., Krischer J. P., Lawson M. L., Ludvigsson J., Madacsy L., Mahon J. L., Ormisson A., Palmer J. P., Pozzilli P., Savilahti E., Serrano-Rios M., Songini M., Taback S., Vaarala O., White N. H., Virtanen S. M., Wasikowa R., Mandrup-Poulsen T., Arjas E., Lernmark A., Laara E., Schmidt B., Hyytinen M., Koski K., Koski M., Merentie K., Pajakkala E., Reunanen A., Salonen M., Terhonen T., Virkkunen S., Cuthbertson D., Gainer B., Hadley D., Malloy J., Nallamshetty L., Shanker L., Bradley B., Lough G., Fraser W., Sermer M., Taback S. P., Franciscus M., Nucci A., Palmer J., Alahuhta K., Barlund S., Korhonen T., Kovanen L., Lehtonen E., Niinisto S., Pekkala M., Sorkio S., Toivanen L., Vahatalo L., Uusitalo U., Ohman T., Bongiorno R., Catteau J., Fraser G., Lloyd M., Crock P., Giles M., Siech K., See D. W., Brown C., Craig M., Johnston A., Bere L. J., Clarson C. L., Jenner M., McManus R., Renato N., Lovell M., Higo D., Kent N., Kwan J., Marshall C., Metzger D., Chanoine J. -P., Stewart L., Thompson D., Edwards A., Lange I., Mercer J., Pacaud D., Josephine H., Schwarz W., Stephure D. K., Boer J., Chatur T., Chick C., Couch B., Demianczuk N., Girgis R., Marks S., Ryan E., Thompson M., Dean H. J., Grant L., Hamelin K., LaForte J., Murphy L., Catte D., Schneider C., Sellers E. A. C., Woo V., Boland A., Clark H. D., Cooper T., Gruslin A., Karovitch A., Keely E., Malcolm J. C., Sauro V., Tawagi G. F., Andrighetti S., Arnold G., Barrett J., Blumer I., Daneman D., Donat D., Ehrlich R., Feig D., Gottesman I., Gysler M., Karkanis S., Kenshole A., Knight B., Lackie E., Lewis V., Martin M. J., Maxwell C., Oliver G., Panchum P., Shilletto N., Simone A., Skidmore M., Turrini T., Wong S., Allen C., Belanger L., Bouchard I., Ferland S., Frenette L., Garrido-Russo M., Leblanc M., Imbeault J., Morin V., Olivier G., Weisnagell J., Costain G., Dornan J., Heath K., MacSween M. -C., McGibbon A., Ramsay C., Sanderson F., Sanderson S., Benabdesselam L., Gonthier M., Huot C., Thibeault M., Laforte D., Legault L., Perron P., Armson A., Canning P., Cummings E. A., Ivanko V., McLeod L., Mokashi A., Scott K., Bridger T., Crane J., Crummell C., Curtis J. C., Dawson C., Joyce C., Newhook L. A., Newman S., Druken E., Begum-Hasan J., Breen A., Houlden R., Woods M., Carrson G., Kelly S., Martel M. J., Penner M., Sankaran K., Hardy-Brown K., King N., White R. A., Park M., Popkin J., Robson L., Coles K., Al Taji E., Cerna M., Cerny M., Francova H., Hainerova I., Kothankova H., Koukalova R., Krakorova V., Mendlova P., Sitova R., Stechova K., Vavrinec J., Vosahlo J., Zlatohlavkova B., Brazdova L., Faksova P., Gregorova D., Kantor L., Malkova K., Venhacova J., Venhacova P., Cipra A., Skvor J., Budejovice C., Tomsikova Z., Botkova-Krauseova H., Mockova A., Paterova P., Gogelova P., Kandrnalova J., Einberg U., Jakovlev U., Posiadlo S., Rannaste E., Raukas R., Riikjarv M. -A., Valla K., Astover V., Kirss A., Retpap J., Taht E., Tillmann V., Vahtra S., Heikkila M., Hirvasniemi M., Luopajarvi K., Johansson S., Kleemola P., Laukkanen E., Parkkola A., Pigg H. -M., Puttonen H., Renlund M., Salonen K., Suomalainen H., Tenkula T., Teramo K., Jarvenpaa A. -L., Hamalainen A. -M., Jussila R., Kiiveri S., Haavisto H., Holopainen S., Kupiainen H., Leeve T., Lumme K., Nironen T., Tenhola S., Tiilikainen T., Keinonen H., Lautala P., Salonen P., Vesanto M., Aspholm A. S., Asunta P., Ikavalko H., Jason E., Jaminki S., Kekki P., Koskinen M., Lehtimaki S., Lahde J., Makela M., Peltoniemi S., Poutiainen L., Ranta K., Salonsaari T., Sarviharju-Tujula S. -L., Selvenius J., Siljander H., Haanpaa P. -L., Holm C., Juutilainen A., Jarvelainen V., Kangaskolkka-Keskilohko A. -M., Laino E., Marjamaki L., Suominen E., Ylitalo S., Hokkanen M., Lounamaa R., Matikainen M., Nuuja A., Paalanen I., Puupponen A. R., Salo-Edwards H., Alanne S., Kultti T., Linjama H., Muhonen K., Vaaraniemi M., Talvitie T., Backman M., Hanhijarvi R., Koivula P., Lindstrom K., Martikainen A., Nurmi P., Bjork A., Huopio H., Komulainen J., Lehtomaki S., Muikku E., Pesola J., Sankilampi U., Arkkola T., Hekkala A., Jurvakainen S., Koivikko M. -L., Kahonen M., Leinonen E., Mykkanen T., Pohjola H., Riikonen K., Niittyvuopio A., Stenius A., Tapanainen P., Veijola R., Alar A., Jovio S., Korpela P., Makinen E., Hietanen L., Kivisto J., Kaar M. -L., Lehtimaki P., Mustila T., Popov E., Saatela S., Taittonen L., Ahtiainen K., Laaksonen N., Luoto M., Viitala J., Virransalo R., Nykanen P., Paajanen S., Parkkinen S., Pyrhonen H., Sarkka T., Aschemeier B., Bektas S., Biester T., Datz N., Deiss D., Fath M., Lupke K., Muller B., Nestoris C., Rothes S., Sadeghian E., Semler K., Arato A., Krikovszky D., Nobilis A., Szenasi J., Benevento D., Anguissola G. B., Biagioni M., Bizzarri C., Cherubini V., Ferrito L., Giordano C., Giorgetti C., Khazrai Y. M., Kyanvash S., Maddaloni E., Napoli A., Piergiovanni F., Pitocco D., Suraci T., Tabacco G., Valente L., Visalli N., Carboni M. B., Cavallo R., Cau V., Isola C., Ledda A., Loddo M., Mannu C., Pettinau M., Pisano S., Porceddu M., Putzu C., Rita A., Peters D., Schierloh U., Bisschoff M., Blonk L., Lappenschaar T., Manai B., Seesink M., Sperling-Conrad M., Verhagen M., Zoethout J. A., Basiak A., Chalas M., Chesiak M., Gramza A., Iwankiewicz J., Sieradzan E., Wikiera B., Ciechanowska M., Dziatkowiak H., Futona B., Gorska A., Glowacka-Wony M., Kaim I., Klich B., Starzyk J., Wolanin M., Tokarska L., Chucherco D., Deja G., Firek-Pedras M., Jarosz-Chobot P., Kalina M., Kutrowska-Adamusiak K., Minkina-Pedras M., Muchaka-Bianga M., Bodalski J., Mlynarski W., Szadkowska A., Cieslak A., Cypryk K., Dziatosz K., Jastzebowska J., Krysiak A., Szymanska U., Wilcznski J., Zawodniak-Szalapska M., Aguay A., Bilbao J. R., Chueca M., Cortazar A., Echarte G., Frutos T. G., Jimenez P., Martul P., Moreno A., Oyarzabal M., Rica I., Salgado Y., Martinez-Larrad M. T., Hawkins F. G., Hernandez R., Herranz L., Pallardo L. F., Deibarra L. S., Fernandez B. H., Luis J. L., Ortiz-Quintana L., Recarte P. P., Arnau D. R., Aronsson L., Boden S., Fredriksson J., Isacsson E., Johansson I., Karlsson E., Lock C., Sandstrom A. -M., Konefal M. S., Andreasson C., Dahlstrom U., Hanas R., Lundqvist K., Windell L., Jansson I., Karlsson A. -K., Lindbladh B., Odenman I., Pettersson C., Sundberg F., Sundqvist M., Aronsson S., Bellman I., Bengtsson A. -B., Lyden G. -B., Nilsson N. -O., Soderblom M., Unt C., Augustsson M., Bengtsson M., Fors H., Helmrich A., Johansson T. O., Andersson A. -C., Boiard-Stomlid A., Hellgren G., Kallsholm H., Lindqvist J., Nilsson M., Nordwall M., Stromstedt C., Ahsberg C., Lindh A., Lindhe C., Samuelsson C., Wiik A., Edenwall H., Ljumgcrantz M., Persson I. -B., Strigard E., Svensson B. -L., Aman J., Breivik G. -E., Detlofsson I. -L., Kroon M., Sarnblad S., Johansson C., Ilvered R., Lundberg A., Akesson K., Beccarelli A., Gadient M., Rappold-Amrein C., Schoenle E., Daftary A., Damagro-Elias M. E., Gilmour C., Klein M. B., Lain C., Salerno D., Smith M. E., Vats K., Pfaff D. J., Malone P., Mansfield P., Munns M., Nickel K., Pompilio K., Siemion W., Taculad R., Van Horn K., Zdanadewic M., Chambliss C., Jones J., Sadler M., Tanner-Blasiar M., Bell C., Camper N., Devaskar S., Devaskar U., Horowitz H., Rogers L., Shannahan R., Silk K., Bermudez Z., Colon R., Frazer T., Martinez-Nieves B., Torres J., Vega J., Chan M., Cook S., Goland R., Greenberg E., Jules N., Montes J., Nelson M., Parra-Valencia Z., Schachner H., Softness B., Kiviniemi M., Suomenin R., Alexander A., Hyrckowian E., Nichol L., Trucco M., Karjalainen E., Louhio T., Sarnesto A., Valtonen E., Davydova B., Helander S., Hamalainen J., Harkonen T., Joutsjoki L., Kararic M., Latva-Koivisto M., Lonn E., Nurmi T., Ollila I., Rinkinen J., Ronkainen M., Tukiainen H., Cederlof A., Kiikeri M., Tsupari S., Cheng R., Bryant K., Chan Y., Maezawa Y., Paltser G., Rasavi R., Tsui H., Winer S., Wu P., Yantha J., Pediatrics, Knip M., Akerblom H.K., Altaji E., Becker D., Bruining J., Castano L., Danne T., De Beaufort C., Dosch H.-M., Dupre J., Fraser W.D., Howard N., Ilonen J., Konrad D., Kordonouri O., Krischer J.P., Lawson M.L., Ludvigsson J., Madacsy L., Mahon J.L., Ormisson A., Palmer J.P., Pozzilli P., Savilahti E., Serrano-Rios M., Songini M., Taback S., Vaarala O., White N.H., Virtanen S.M., Wasikowa R., Mandrup-Poulsen T., Arjas E., Lernmark A., Laara E., Schmidt B., Hyytinen M., Koski K., Koski M., Merentie K., Pajakkala E., Reunanen A., Salonen M., Terhonen T., Virkkunen S., Cuthbertson D., Gainer B., Hadley D., Malloy J., Nallamshetty L., Shanker L., Bradley B., Lough G., Fraser W., Sermer M., Taback S.P., Franciscus M., Nucci A., Palmer J., Alahuhta K., Barlund S., Korhonen T., Kovanen L., Lehtonen E., Niinisto S., Pekkala M., Sorkio S., Toivanen L., Vahatalo L., Uusitalo U., Ohman T., Bongiorno R., Catteau J., Fraser G., Lloyd M., Crock P., Giles M., Siech K., See D.W., Brown C., Craig M., Johnston A., Bere L.J., Clarson C.L., Jenner M., McManus R., Renato N., Lovell M., Higo D., Kent N., Kwan J., Marshall C., Metzger D., Chanoine J.-P., Stewart L., Thompson D., Edwards A., Lange I., Mercer J., Pacaud D., Josephine H., Schwarz W., Stephure D.K., Boer J., Chatur T., Chick C., Couch B., Demianczuk N., Girgis R., Marks S., Ryan E., Thompson M., Dean H.J., Grant L., Hamelin K., LaForte J., Murphy L., Catte D., Schneider C., Sellers E.A.C., Woo V., Boland A., Clark H.D., Cooper T., Gruslin A., Karovitch A., Keely E., Malcolm J.C., Sauro V., Tawagi G.F., Andrighetti S., Arnold G., Barrett J., Blumer I., Daneman D., Donat D., Ehrlich R., Feig D., Gottesman I., Gysler M., Karkanis S., Kenshole A., Knight B., Lackie E., Lewis V., Martin M.J., Maxwell C., Oliver G., Panchum P., Shilletto N., Simone A., Skidmore M., Turrini T., Wong S., Allen C., Belanger L., Bouchard I., Ferland S., Frenette L., Garrido-Russo M., Leblanc M., Imbeault J., Morin V., Olivier G., Weisnagell J., Costain G., Dornan J., Heath K., MacSween M.-C., McGibbon A., Ramsay C., Sanderson F., Sanderson S., Benabdesselam L., Gonthier M., Huot C., Thibeault M., Laforte D., Legault L., Perron P., Armson A., Canning P., Cummings E.A., Ivanko V., McLeod L., Mokashi A., Scott K., Bridger T., Crane J., Crummell C., Curtis J.C., Dawson C., Joyce C., Newhook L.A., Newman S., Druken E., Begum-Hasan J., Breen A., Houlden R., Woods M., Carrson G., Kelly S., Martel M.J., Penner M., Sankaran K., Hardy-Brown K., King N., White R.A., Park M., Popkin J., Robson L., Coles K., Al Taji E., Cerna M., Cerny M., Francova H., Hainerova I., Kothankova H., Koukalova R., Krakorova V., Mendlova P., Sitova R., Stechova K., Vavrinec J., Vosahlo J., Zlatohlavkova B., Brazdova L., Faksova P., Gregorova D., Kantor L., Malkova K., Venhacova J., Venhacova P., Cipra A., Skvor J., Budejovice C., Tomsikova Z., Botkova-Krauseova H., Mockova A., Paterova P., Gogelova P., Kandrnalova J., Einberg U., Jakovlev U., Posiadlo S., Rannaste E., Raukas R., Riikjarv M.-A., Valla K., Astover V., Kirss A., Retpap J., Taht E., Tillmann V., Vahtra S., Heikkila M., Hirvasniemi M., Luopajarvi K., Johansson S., Kleemola P., Laukkanen E., Parkkola A., Pigg H.-M., Puttonen H., Renlund M., Salonen K., Suomalainen H., Tenkula T., Teramo K., Jarvenpaa A.-L., Hamalainen A.-M., Jussila R., Kiiveri S., Haavisto H., Holopainen S., Kupiainen H., Leeve T., Lumme K., Nironen T., Tenhola S., Tiilikainen T., Keinonen H., Lautala P., Salonen P., Vesanto M., Aspholm A.S., Asunta P., Ikavalko H., Jason E., Jaminki S., Kekki P., Koskinen M., Lehtimaki S., Lahde J., Makela M., Peltoniemi S., Poutiainen L., Ranta K., Salonsaari T., Sarviharju-Tujula S.-L., Selvenius J., Siljander H., Haanpaa P.-L., Holm C., Juutilainen A., Jarvelainen V., Kangaskolkka-Keskilohko A.-M., Laino E., Marjamaki L., Suominen E., Ylitalo S., Hokkanen M., Lounamaa R., Matikainen M., Nuuja A., Paalanen I., Puupponen A.R., Salo-Edwards H., Alanne S., Kultti T., Linjama H., Muhonen K., Vaaraniemi M., Talvitie T., Backman M., Hanhijarvi R., Koivula P., Lindstrom K., Martikainen A., Nurmi P., Bjork A., Huopio H., Komulainen J., Lehtomaki S., Muikku E., Pesola J., Sankilampi U., Arkkola T., Hekkala A., Jurvakainen S., Koivikko M.-L., Kahonen M., Leinonen E., Mykkanen T., Pohjola H., Riikonen K., Niittyvuopio A., Stenius A., Tapanainen P., Veijola R., Alar A., Jovio S., Korpela P., Makinen E., Hietanen L., Kivisto J., Kaar M.-L., Lehtimaki P., Mustila T., Popov E., Saatela S., Taittonen L., Ahtiainen K., Laaksonen N., Luoto M., Viitala J., Virransalo R., Nykanen P., Paajanen S., Parkkinen S., Pyrhonen H., Sarkka T., Aschemeier B., Bektas S., Biester T., Datz N., Deiss D., Fath M., Lupke K., Muller B., Nestoris C., Rothes S., Sadeghian E., Semler K., Arato A., Krikovszky D., Nobilis A., Szenasi J., Benevento D., Anguissola G.B., Biagioni M., Bizzarri C., Cherubini V., Ferrito L., Giordano C., Giorgetti C., Khazrai Y.M., Kyanvash S., Maddaloni E., Napoli A., Piergiovanni F., Pitocco D., Suraci T., Tabacco G., Valente L., Visalli N., Carboni M.B., Cavallo R., Cau V., Isola C., Ledda A., Loddo M., Mannu C., Pettinau M., Pisano S., Porceddu M., Putzu C., Rita A., Peters D., Schierloh U., Bisschoff M., Blonk L., Lappenschaar T., Manai B., Seesink M., Sperling-Conrad M., Verhagen M., Zoethout J.A., Basiak A., Chalas M., Chesiak M., Gramza A., Iwankiewicz J., Sieradzan E., Wikiera B., Ciechanowska M., Dziatkowiak H., Futona B., Gorska A., Glowacka-Wony M., Kaim I., Klich B., Starzyk J., Wolanin M., Tokarska L., Chucherco D., Deja G., Firek-Pedras M., Jarosz-Chobot P., Kalina M., Kutrowska-Adamusiak K., Minkina-Pedras M., Muchaka-Bianga M., Bodalski J., Mlynarski W., Szadkowska A., Cieslak A., Cypryk K., Dziatosz K., Jastzebowska J., Krysiak A., Szymanska U., Wilcznski J., Zawodniak-Szalapska M., Aguay A., Bilbao J.R., Chueca M., Cortazar A., Echarte G., Frutos T.G., Jimenez P., Martul P., Moreno A., Oyarzabal M., Rica I., Salgado Y., Martinez-Larrad M.T., Hawkins F.G., Hernandez R., Herranz L., Pallardo L.F., Deibarra L.S., Fernandez B.H., Luis J.L., Ortiz-Quintana L., Recarte P.P., Arnau D.R., Aronsson L., Boden S., Fredriksson J., Isacsson E., Johansson I., Karlsson E., Lock C., Sandstrom A.-M., Konefal M.S., Andreasson C., Dahlstrom U., Hanas R., Lundqvist K., Windell L., Jansson I., Karlsson A.-K., Lindbladh B., Odenman I., Pettersson C., Sundberg F., Sundqvist M., Aronsson S., Bellman I., Bengtsson A.-B., Lyden G.-B., Nilsson N.-O., Soderblom M., Unt C., Augustsson M., Bengtsson M., Fors H., Helmrich A., Johansson T.O., Andersson A.-C., Boiard-Stomlid A., Hellgren G., Kallsholm H., Lindqvist J., Nilsson M., Nordwall M., Stromstedt C., Ahsberg C., Lindh A., Lindhe C., Samuelsson C., Wiik A., Edenwall H., Ljumgcrantz M., Persson I.-B., Strigard E., Svensson B.-L., Aman J., Breivik G.-E., Detlofsson I.-L., Kroon M., Sarnblad S., Johansson C., Ilvered R., Lundberg A., Akesson K., Beccarelli A., Gadient M., Rappold-Amrein C., Schoenle E., Daftary A., Damagro-Elias M.E., Gilmour C., Klein M.B., Lain C., Salerno D., Smith M.E., Vats K., Pfaff D.J., Malone P., Mansfield P., Munns M., Nickel K., Pompilio K., Siemion W., Taculad R., Van Horn K., Zdanadewic M., Chambliss C., Jones J., Sadler M., Tanner-Blasiar M., Bell C., Camper N., Devaskar S., Devaskar U., Horowitz H., Rogers L., Shannahan R., Silk K., Bermudez Z., Colon R., Frazer T., Martinez-Nieves B., Torres J., Vega J., Chan M., Cook S., Goland R., Greenberg E., Jules N., Montes J., Nelson M., Parra-Valencia Z., Schachner H., Softness B., Kiviniemi M., Suomenin R., Alexander A., Hyrckowian E., Nichol L., Trucco M., Karjalainen E., Louhio T., Sarnesto A., Valtonen E., Davydova B., Helander S., Hamalainen J., Harkonen T., Joutsjoki L., Kararic M., Latva-Koivisto M., Lonn E., Nurmi T., Ollila I., Rinkinen J., Ronkainen M., Tukiainen H., Cederlof A., Kiikeri M., Tsupari S., Cheng R., Bryant K., Chan Y., Maezawa Y., Paltser G., Rasavi R., Tsui H., Winer S., Wu P., Yantha J., University of Zurich, and Knip, Mikael

Subjects
Male, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Casein, Breastfeeding, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 610 Medicine & health, 2700 General Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Disease-Free Survival, law.invention, Follow-Up Studie, Nutrition Policy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Double-Blind Method, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, law, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, Cumulative incidence, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Original Investigation, 2. Zero hunger, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Absolute risk reduction, Infant, Newborn, Caseins, General Medicine, ta3121, medicine.disease, Infant Formula, 3. Good health, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Infant formula, 10036 Medical Clinic, Endokrinologi och diabetes, Female, business, Human, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

IMPORTANCE Early exposure to complex dietary proteins may increase the risk of type 1 diabetes in children with genetic disease susceptibility. There are no intact proteins in extensively hydrolyzed formulas. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that weaning to an extensively hydrolyzed formula decreases the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes in young children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS An international double-blind randomized clinical trial of 2159 infants with human leukocyte antigen-conferred disease susceptibility and a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes recruited from May 2002 to January 2007 in 78 study centers in 15 countries; 1081 were randomized to be weaned to the extensively hydrolyzed casein formula and 1078 to a conventional formula. The follow-up of the participants ended on February 28, 2017. INTERVENTIONS The participants received either a casein hydrolysate or a conventional adapted cows milk formula supplemented with 20% of the casein hydrolysate. The minimum duration of study formula exposure was 60 days by 6 to 8 months of age. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcome was type 1 diabetes diagnosed according to World Health Organization criteria. Secondary outcomes included age at diabetes diagnosis and safety (adverse events). RESULTS Among 2159 newborn infants (1021 female [47.3%]) who were randomized, 1744 (80.8%) completed the trial. The participants were observed for a median of 11.5 years (quartile [Q] 1-Q3, 10.2-12.8). The absolute risk of type 1 diabetes was 8.4% among those randomized to the casein hydrolysate (n = 91) vs 7.6% among those randomized to the conventional formula (n = 82) (difference, 0.8%[95% CI, -1.6% to 3.2%]). The hazard ratio for type 1 diabetes adjusted for human leukocyte antigen risk group, duration of breastfeeding, duration of study formula consumption, sex, and region while treating study center as a random effect was 1.1 (95% CI, 0.8 to 1.5; P = .46). The median age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes was similar in the 2 groups (6.0 years [Q1-Q3, 3.1-8.9] vs 5.8 years [Q1-Q3, 2.6-9.1]; difference, 0.2 years [95% CI, -0.9 to 1.2]). Upper respiratory infections were the most common adverse event reported (frequency, 0.48 events/year in the hydrolysate group and 0.50 events/year in the control group). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among infants at risk for type 1 diabetes, weaning to a hydrolyzed formula compared with a conventional formula did not reduce the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes after median follow-up for 11.5 years. These findings do not support a need to revise the dietary recommendations for infants at risk for type 1 diabetes. Funding Agencies|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development (NICHD); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health [HD040364, HD042444, HD051997]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Commission of the European Communities [QLK1-2002-00372]; European Foundation for the Study of Diabates/JDRF/Novo Nordisk; Academy of Finland (Centre of Excellence in Molecular Systems Immunology and Physiology Research) [250114]; Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation; Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation; JDRF

Published
2018

65. The SWEET Project - a model for Europe and beyond?: INV20

Author

Danne, T., Šumník, Z., Veeze, H., de Beaufort, C., Robert, J.-J., Forsander, G., Pańkowska, E., Allgrove, J., Waldron, S., Serban, V., Gerasimidou-Vazeou, A., Lange, K., Kordonouri, O., Pinelli, L., Raposo, J.-F., Madacsy, L., Felton, A.-M., Rurik, I., and Aschemeier, B.

Published
2009

71. Angular resolution of the MIMAC Dark Matter directional detector

Author

Tao, Y., Beaufort, C., Moric, I., Tao, C., Santos, D., Sauzet, N., Couturier, C., Guillaudin, O., Muraz, J.F., Naraghi, F., Zhou, N., Busto, J., Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, track data analysis, Track length measurement, MIMAC, dark matter: detector, WIMP: dark matter, pressure: low, Diffusion, Directional detector, angular resolution, fluorine: ion, ionization chamber, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], ion: tracks, Space charge effect, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], recoil: energy, Micromegas, Simulation, electron: tracks, nucleus: recoil, energy: low
Abstract

International audience; Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) are one of the most preferred candidates for Dark Matter. WIMPs should interact with the nuclei of detectors. If a robust signal is eventually observed in direct detection experiments, the best signature to confirm its Galactic origin would be the angular distribution of nuclear recoil tracks (Spergel, 1988). The MIMAC collaboration has developed a low pressure gas detector providing both the kinetic energy and three-dimensional track reconstruction of nuclear recoils. In this paper we report the first ever observations of 19 F nuclei tracks in a 5 cm drift prototype MIMAC detector, in the low kinetic energy range (6–26 keV), using specially developed ion beam facilities. We have measured the recoil track lengths and found significant differences between our measurements and standard simulations. In order to understand these differences, we have performed a series of complementary experiments and simulations to study the impact of the diffusion and overall systematics. We show an unexpected dependence of the number of digitizer time bins corresponding to the track on the electric field applied to the 512 µm gap of the Micromegas detector. We have introduced, based on the flash-ADC observable, corrections in order to reconstruct the physical 3D track length of the primary electron clouds before avalanches, proposing the physics behind these corrections. We show that diffusion and space charge effects need to be taken into account to explain the differences between measurements and standard simulations. These measurements and simulations may shed a new light on the high-gain TPC ionization signals in general and particularly at low energy.

Published
2019
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74. Variation by age group and seasonally at diagnosis of childhood IDDM in Europe

Author

Lévy-Marchal, C., Patterson, C., Green, A., Schober, E., Ullreich, G., Vandewalle, C., Svendsen, A., Lounamaa, R., Tuomilehto, J., Åkerblom, H. K., Czernichow, P., Levy-Marchal, C., de Beaufort, C., Doutreix, J., Voirin, J., Bartsocas, C. S., Dakou-Voutetakis, C., Pantelakis, S., Theodoridis, H., Kassiou, K., Kyriakou, P., Kyriakou, A., Papazoglou, N., Manes, C. H., Papadeli, E., Scaragas, G., Gotsis, N., Soltesz, G., Laron, Z., Gordon, O., Shohat, T., Chiumello, G., Bognetti, E., Meschi, F., Malavasi, C., Balzano, E., Pozzilli, P., Visalli, N., Suppa, A., Guglielmi, A., Sebastiani, M. L., Songini, M., Loche, M., Silvetti, M., Angius, E., Purrello, F., Arpi, M., Italia, S., Tomaselli, L., Mancuso, M., Michel, G., Wirion, R., Reeser, M., Joner, G., Sovik, R. O., Woznicka, D., Walczak, M., Woznicki, G., Stankiewicz, W., Kedzia, A., Szybinski, Z., Czyzyk, A., Wasik, R., Abreu, S., Menezes, C., Pina, E., Ionescu-Tirgoviste, C., Dragomirescu, C., Nicolau, A., Krzisnik, C., Battelino, T., Bratanic, N., Goday, A., Castell, C., Tresserras, R., Taberner, J. L., Lloveras, G., Hadden, D., Patterson, C., Carson, D., and Bingley, P.

Published
1995
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79. Extensive transmission of microbes along the gastrointestinal tract

Author

Schmidt, T.S.B., Hayward, M.R., Coelho, L.P., Li, S.S., Costea, P.I., Voigt, A.Y., Wirbel, J., Maistrenko, O.M., Alves, R.J.C., Bergsten, E., de Beaufort, C., Sobhani, I., Heintz-Buschart, Anna, Sunagawa, S., Zeller, G., Wilmes, P., Bork, P., Schmidt, T.S.B., Hayward, M.R., Coelho, L.P., Li, S.S., Costea, P.I., Voigt, A.Y., Wirbel, J., Maistrenko, O.M., Alves, R.J.C., Bergsten, E., de Beaufort, C., Sobhani, I., Heintz-Buschart, Anna, Sunagawa, S., Zeller, G., Wilmes, P., and Bork, P.

Abstract

The gastrointestinal tract is abundantly colonized by microbes, yet the translocation of oral species to the intestine is considered a rare aberrant event, and a hallmark of disease. By studying salivary and fecal microbial strain populations of 310 species in 470 individuals from five countries, we found that transmission to, and subsequent colonization of, the large intestine by oral microbes is common and extensive among healthy individuals. We found evidence for a vast majority of oral species to be transferable, with increased levels of transmission in colorectal cancer and rheumatoid arthritis patients and, more generally, for species described as opportunistic pathogens. This establishes the oral cavity as an endogenous reservoir for gut microbial strains, and oral-fecal transmission as an important process that shapes the gastrointestinal microbiome in health and disease.

Published
2019

86. Effect of hydrolyzed infant formula vs conventional formula on risk of T1DM. The TRIGR randomized clinical trial

Author

Group for the TRIGR Study Group Writing, Knip M, Åkerblom HK, Al Taji E, Becker D, Bruining J, Castano L, Danne T, de Beaufort C, Dosch HM, Dupre J, Fraser WD, Howard N, Ilonen J, Konrad D, Kordonouri O, Krischer JP, Lawson ML, Ludvigsson J, Madacsy L, Mahon JL, Ormisson A, Palmer JP, Pozzilli P, Savilahti E, Serrano-Rios M, Songini M, Taback S, White Vaarala, White NH, Virtanen SM, and Wasikowa R

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Randomized controlled trial, Infant formula, business.industry, law, Medicine, business, law.invention
Published
2018
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87. Prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Data from the international SWEET registry

Author

Maffeis, C. Birkebaek, N.H. Konstantinova, M. Schwandt, A. Vazeou, A. Casteels, K. Jali, S. Limbert, C. Pundziute-Lycka, A. Toth-Heyn, P. de Beaufort, C. Sumnik, Z. Cherubini, V. Svensson, J. Pacaud, D. Kanaka-Gantenbein, C. Shalitin, S. Bratina, N. Hanas, R. Alonso, G.T. Poran, L. Pereira, A.L. Marigliano, M. The SWEET Study Group

Subjects
nutritional and metabolic diseases
Abstract

Objective: To assess the prevalence of underweight (UW), overweight (OW), and obesity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods: An international cross-sectional study including 23 026 T1D children (2-18 years, duration of diabetes ≥1 year) participating in the SWEET prospective, multicenter diabetes registry. Body mass index SD score (BMI-SDS) was calculated using the World Health Organization BMI charts. Children were categorized as UW (BMI-SDS < −2SD), OW (+1SD < BMI-SDS ≤ +2SD), and obese (OB) (BMI-SDS > +2SD). Hierarchic regression models were applied with adjustment for sex, age, and duration of diabetes. Results: The prevalence of UW, OW, and obesity was: 1.4%, 22.3%, and 7.3% in males and 0.6%, 27.2%, and 6.8% in females. Adjusted BMI-SDS was significantly higher in females than in males (mean ± SEM: 0.54 ± 0.05 vs 0.40 ± 0.05, P < 0.0001). In males, BMI-SDS significantly decreased by age (P < 0.0001) in the first three age categories 0.61 ± 0.06 (2 to

Published
2018

88. The influence of treatment, age at onset, and metabolic control on height in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes—A SWEET collaborative study

Author

Svensson, J. Schwandt, A. Pacaud, D. Beltrand, J. Birkebæk, N.H. Cardona-Hernandez, R. Casteels, K. Castro, S. Cherubini, V. Cody, D. Fisch, N. Hasnani, D. Kordonouri, O. Kosteria, I. Luczay, A. Pundziute-Lyckå, A. Maffeis, C. Piccini, B. Luxmi, P. Sumnik, Z. de Beaufort, C.

Abstract

Objective: To describe the association between height, demographics, and treatment in youths with type 1 diabetes participating in an international network for pediatric diabetes centers (SWEET). Methods: Data were collected from 55 centers with documented patients' height. All subjects below 20 years of age, diabetes duration >1 year, and without celiac disease were included. World Health Organization growth charts were used to calculate height and body mass index z-scores. Multiple hierarchic regression models adjusting for known confounders were applied. Results: Data on 22 941 subjects (51.8% male) were analyzed with a median and interquartile range for age 14.8 years (11.2, 17.6), diabetes duration 5.6 years (3.1, 8.9), and height z-score 0.34 (−0.37, 1.03). Children were taller in the youngest age groups: adjusted height z-scores of 0.31 (±0.06) and 0.39 (±0.06), respectively; with shorter diabetes duration (three injections/day and 0.19 ± 0.06 [0-3 injections daily]), respectively. High hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and low to normal weight were associated with a lower height z-score. Trends were identical in all models except for gender. No gender differences were found except in the final height model where females exhibited higher z-score than males. Conclusion: For youths treated at centers offering modern diabetes management, major growth disturbances are virtually eliminated. For children with a young age at onset, high HbA1c, injections, and/or non-intensive diabetes, treatment still requires attention in order to attain normal growth. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Published
2018

89. Comprehensive geriatric assessment in older patients suffering from infective endocarditis. A prospective multicentric cohort study

Author

Forestier, E., primary, Roubaud-Baudron, C., additional, Fraisse, T., additional, Patry, C., additional, Gavazzi, G., additional, Hoen, B., additional, Carauz-Paz, P., additional, Moheb-Khosravi, B., additional, Delahaye, F., additional, Sost, G., additional, Paccalin, M., additional, Nazeyrollas, P., additional, Strady, C., additional, Alla, F., additional, Selton-Suty, C., additional, Schambach, S., additional, Vallette, d’O., additional, Khosravi, B.M., additional, Roubaud, C., additional, Lafargue, A., additional, Guerville, F., additional, Kobeh, D., additional, Averty, E., additional, Thiennaud, L., additional, Soulas, E., additional, Basileu, T., additional, Chuzeville, M., additional, Laurain, M.-C., additional, Novella, J.L., additional, Bertholon, L.A., additional, Jaidi, Y., additional, Guiard, R., additional, Naturel, J., additional, Vitrat, V., additional, Duval, X., additional, Wirth, G., additional, Forestier, E., additional, Pavese, P., additional, Pierre, I., additional, Fernandes, É., additional, Curlier, E., additional, Boibieux, A., additional, Goehringer, F., additional, Béraud, G., additional, Nguyen, Y., additional, Tattevin, P., additional, Revest, M., additional, Piau, C., additional, Paz, P.C., additional, Vançon, A.-C., additional, Naem, N., additional, Richard, B., additional, Iung, B., additional, Dijos, M., additional, Fluttaz, A., additional, Ennezat, P.-V., additional, Beaufort, C., additional, Torossian, F., additional, Brasselet, C., additional, Donal, E., additional, Pineau, O., additional, Agrinier, N., additional, Erpelding, M.-L., additional, Sime, W.N., additional, Clavère, G., additional, Lebouc, M., additional, Ilic-Habensus, E., additional, Durrieu, J., additional, Habet, T., additional, Dupré, C., additional, Chaissac, A.-M., additional, Touati, S., additional, Delahaye, A., additional, Marquis, E., additional, Warchol, M., additional, Thébault, E., additional, Jouan, C., additional, Campagnac, C., additional, and Petitgenêt, I., additional

Published
2019
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92. Birth mode is associated with earliest strain-conferred gut microbiome functions and immunostimulatory potential

Author

Wampach, L., Heintz-Buschart, A., Fritz, J. V., Ramiro-Garcia, J., Habier, J., Herold, M., Narayanasamy, S., Kaysen, A., Hogan, A. H., Bindl, L., Bottu, J., Halder, R., Sjöqvist, Conny, May, P., Andersson, Anders F., de Beaufort, C., Wilmes, P., Wampach, L., Heintz-Buschart, A., Fritz, J. V., Ramiro-Garcia, J., Habier, J., Herold, M., Narayanasamy, S., Kaysen, A., Hogan, A. H., Bindl, L., Bottu, J., Halder, R., Sjöqvist, Conny, May, P., Andersson, Anders F., de Beaufort, C., and Wilmes, P.

Abstract

The rate of caesarean section delivery (CSD) is increasing worldwide. It remains unclear whether disruption of mother-to-neonate transmission of microbiota through CSD occurs and whether it affects human physiology. Here we perform metagenomic analysis of earliest gut microbial community structures and functions. We identify differences in encoded functions between microbiomes of vaginally delivered (VD) and CSD neonates. Several functional pathways are over-represented in VD neonates, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis. We link these enriched functions to individual-specific strains, which are transmitted from mothers to neonates in case of VD. The stimulation of primary human immune cells with LPS isolated from early stool samples of VD neonates results in higher levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin 18 (IL-18). Accordingly, the observed levels of TNF-α and IL-18 in neonatal blood plasma are higher after VD. Taken together, our results support that CSD disrupts mother-to-neonate transmission of specific microbial strains, linked functional repertoires and immune-stimulatory potential during a critical window for neonatal immune system priming., QC 20190626

Published
2018
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93. Small RNA profiling of low biomass samples: identification and removal of contaminants

Author

Heintz-Buschart, Anna, Yusuf, D., Kaysen, A., Etheridge, A., Fritz, J.V., May, P., de Beaufort, C., Upadhyaya, B.B., Ghosal, A., Galas, D.J., Wilmes, P., Heintz-Buschart, Anna, Yusuf, D., Kaysen, A., Etheridge, A., Fritz, J.V., May, P., de Beaufort, C., Upadhyaya, B.B., Ghosal, A., Galas, D.J., and Wilmes, P.

Abstract

BackgroundSequencing-based analyses of low-biomass samples are known to be prone to misinterpretation due to the potential presence of contaminating molecules derived from laboratory reagents and environments. DNA contamination has been previously reported, yet contamination with RNA is usually considered to be very unlikely due to its inherent instability. Small RNAs (sRNAs) identified in tissues and bodily fluids, such as blood plasma, have implications for physiology and pathology, and therefore the potential to act as disease biomarkers. Thus, the possibility for RNA contaminants demands careful evaluation.ResultsHerein, we report on the presence of small RNA (sRNA) contaminants in widely used microRNA extraction kits and propose an approach for their depletion. We sequenced sRNAs extracted from human plasma samples and detected important levels of non-human (exogenous) sequences whose source could be traced to the microRNA extraction columns through a careful qPCR-based analysis of several laboratory reagents. Furthermore, we also detected the presence of artefactual sequences related to these contaminants in a range of published datasets, thereby arguing in particular for a re-evaluation of reports suggesting the presence of exogenous RNAs of microbial and dietary origin in blood plasma. To avoid artefacts in future experiments, we also devise several protocols for the removal of contaminant RNAs, define minimal amounts of starting material for artefact-free analyses, and confirm the reduction of contaminant levels for identification of bona fide sequences using ‘ultra-clean’ extraction kits.ConclusionThis is the first report on the presence of RNA molecules as contaminants in RNA extraction kits. The described protocols should be applied in the future to avoid confounding sRNA studies.

Published
2018

95. Regional differences in milk and complementary feeding patterns in infants participating in an international nutritional type 1 diabetes prevention trial

Author

Nucci, A. M., Virtanen, S. M., Sorkio, S., Barlund, S., Cuthbertson, D., Uusitalo, U., Lawson, M. L., Salonen, M., Berseth, C. L., Ormisson, A., Lehtonen, E., Savilahti, E., Becker, D. J., Dupre, J., Krischer, J. P., Knip, M., Akerblom, H. K., Mandrup-Poulsen, T., Arjas, E., Laara, E., Lernmark, A., Schmidt, B., Hyytinen, M., Koski, K., Koski, M., Pajakkala, E., Shanker, L., Bradley, B., Dosch, H. -M., Fraser, W., Lawson, M., Mahon, J. L., Sermer, M., Taback, S. P., Becker, D., Franciscus, M., Nucci, A., Palmer, J., Pekkala, M., Catteau, J., Howard, N., Crock, P., Craig, M., Clarson, C. L., Bere, L., Thompson, D., Metzger, D., Kwan, J., Stephure, D. K., Pacaud, D., Ho, J., Schwarz, W., Girgis, R., Thompson, M., Catte, D., Daneman, D., Martin, M. -J., Morin, V., Frenette, L., Ferland, S., Sanderson, S., Heath, K., Huot, C., Gonthier, M., Thibeault, M., Legault, L., Laforte, D., Cummings, E. A., Scott, K., Bridger, T., Crummell, C., Newman, S., Houlden, R., Breen, A., Carson, G., Kelly, S., Sankaran, K., Penner, M., White, R. A., Hardy Brown, K., King, N., Popkin, J., Robson, L., Coles, K., Al Taji, E., Aldhoon, I., Mendlova, P., Vavrinec, J., Vosahlo, J., Brazdova, L., Venhacova, J., Venhacova, P., Cipra, A., Tomsikova, Z., Paterova, P., Gogelova, P., Einberg, U., Riikjarv, M. -A., Tillmann, V., Hirvasniemi, M., Kleemola, P., Parkkola, A., Suomalainen, H., Jarvenpaa, A. -L., Hamalainen, A. -M., Haavisto, H., Tenhola, S., Lautala, P., Salonen, P., Aspholm, S., Siljander, H., Holm, C., Ylitalo, S., Lounamaa, R., Nuuja, A., Talvitie, T., Lindstrom, K., Huopio, H., Pesola, J., Veijola, R., Tapanainen, P., Alar, A., Korpela, P., Kaar, M. -L., Mustila, T., Virransalo, R., Nykanen, P., Aschemeier, B., Danne, T., Kordonouri, O., Krikovszky, D., Madacsy, L., Khazrai, Y. M., Maddaloni, E., Pozzilli, P., Mannu, C., Songini, M., de Beaufort, C., Schierloh, U., Bruining, J., Basiak, A., Wasikowa, R., Ciechanowska, M., Deja, G., Jarosz-Chobot, P., Szadkowska, A., Cypryk, K., Zawodniak-Szalapska, M., Castano, L., Gonzalez Frutos, T., Oyarzabal, M., Serrano-Rios, M., Martinez-Larrad, M. T., Hawkins, F. G., Rodriguez Arnau, D., Ludvigsson, J., Smolinska Konefal, M., Hanas, R., Lindblad, B., Nilsson, N. -O., Fors, H., Nordwall, M., Lindh, A., Edenwall, H., Aman, J., Johansson, C., Gadient, M., Schoenle, E., Daftary, A., Klein, M. B., Gilmour, C., Malone, P., Tanner-Blasiar, M., White, N., Devaskar, U., Horowitz, H., Rogers, L., Colon, R., Frazer, T., Torres, J., Goland, R., Greenberg, E., Nelson, M., Schachner, H., Softness, B., Ilonen, J., Trucco, M., Nichol, L., Harkonen, T., Vaarala, O., and Luopajarvi, K.

Subjects
Canada, endocrine system diseases, infant feeding, breastfeeding, type 1 diabetes, breastfeeding duration, complementary feeding, infant formula, Infant, Article, United States, Diet, Nutrition Policy, Europe, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Milk, Nutrition Assessment, Double-Blind Method, Surveys and Questionnaires, Animals, Humans, Infant Food, Prospective Studies, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Abstract

Differences in breastfeeding, other milk feeding and complementary feeding patterns were evaluated in infants at increased genetic risk with and without maternal type 1 diabetes (T1D). The Trial to Reduce IDDM in the Genetically at Risk is an international nutritional primary prevention double-blinded randomized trial to test whether weaning to extensively hydrolyzed vs. intact cow's milk protein formula will decrease the development of T1D-associated autoantibodies and T1D. Infant diet was prospectively assessed at two visits and seven telephone interviews between birth and 8 months. Countries were grouped into seven regions: Australia, Canada, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, Central Europe I, Central Europe II and the United States. Newborn infants with a first-degree relative with T1D and increased human leukocyte antigen-conferred susceptibility to T1D were recruited. A lower proportion of infants born to mothers with than without T1D were breastfed until 6 months of age in all regions (range, 51% to 60% vs. 70% to 80%). Complementary feeding patterns differed more by region than by maternal T1D. In Northern Europe, a higher proportion of infants consumed vegetables and fruits daily compared with other regions. Consumption of meat was more frequent in all European regions, whereas cereal consumption was most frequent in Southern Europe, Canada and the United States. Maternal T1D status was associated with breastfeeding and other milk feeding patterns similarly across regions but was unrelated to the introduction of complementary foods. Infant feeding patterns differed significantly among regions and were largely inconsistent with current recommended guidelines.

Published
2017

96. Incidence and trends of childhood Type 1 diabetes worldwide 1990–1999

Author

THE DIAMOND PROJECT GROUP, BESSAOUD K, BOUDRAA G, DE ROPOLO MM, DE SEREDAY M, MARTI ML, MOSER M, LAPERTOSA S, DAMIANO M, VERGE C, HOWARD N, SCHOBER E, JORDAN O, WEETS I, GORUS F, COECKELBERGHS M, ROOMAN R, VAN GAAL L, FRANCO LJ, FERREIRA SRG, LISBOA HPK, KURTZ LA, GRAEBIN R, KUTZKE L, RODRIGES C, SAVOVA R, CHRISTOV V, IOTOVA V, TZANEVA V, PACAUD D, TOTH E, TAN MH, CARRASCO E, PEREZ F, ZE Y, BO Y, CHEN S, FU L, DENG L, SHEN S, TENG K, WANG C, JIAN H, JU J, YAN C, DENG Y, LI C, ZHANG Y, LIU Y, LONG X, ZHEN Z, SUN Z, WANG B, WONG G, ORREGO OV, ASCHNER P, DIAZ DIAZ O, DE ACOSTA OM, CINEK O, VAVRINEC J, OLSEN BS, SVENDSEN AJ, KREUTZFELDT J, LUND E, TULL ES, SELMAN GEARA A, ALMONTE AS, PODAR T, TUOMILEHTO J, KARVONEN M, NOTKOLA IL, MOLTCHANOVA E, TASKINEN O, LEVY MARCHAL C, CZERNICHOW P, KOCAVA M, NEU A, EHEHALT S, ROSENBAUER J, GIANI G, ICKS A, BARTSOCAS C, VAZEOU A, SOLTESZ G, LARON Z, GORDON O, ALBAG Y, SHAMIS I, PURRELLO F, ARPI M, FICHERA G, MANCUSO M, LUCENTI C, CHIUMELLO G, BRUNO G, PAGANO G, SONGINI M, CASU A, MARINARO A, FRONGIA P, ZEDDA MA, MILIA A, TENCONI MT, POZZILLI P, VISALLI N, SEBASTIANI L, MARIETTI G, BUZZETTI R, CHERUBINI V, OKUNO A, HARADA S, MATSUURA N, MIKI E, MIYAMOTO S, SASAKI N, MIMURA G, SHALTOUT A, QABAZRD M, AL KHAWARI M, BRIGIS G, DZIVITE I, KADIKI O, URBONAITE B, DE BEAUFORT C, GAREEBOO H, RUEDA OA, REESER M, ELLIOTT R, SCOTT R, WILLIS J, DARLOW B, JONER G, RAFIQUE G, JAWAD F, JIMENEZ J, PALACIOS CM, CANETE F, VERA J, ALMIRON R, BENITEZ GE, ESPINOLA CS, SECLEN S, WOZNICKA D, SZYBINSKI Z, PLACZKIEWICZ E, JAROSZ CHOBOT P, MENEZES C, PINA EA, RUAS MMA, RODRIGUES FJC, ABREU S, IONESCU TIRGOVISTE C, SHUBNIKOV E, MICHALKOVA D, BARK L, HLAVA P, MIKULECKY M, KRZISNIK C, BATTELINO T, URSIC NB, KOTNIK P, KO KW, CASTELL C, GODAY A, MAGZOUB M, DAHLQUIST G, SCHOENLE E, NAGATI K, KHALIFA FB, BURDEN A, RAYMOND N, MILLWARD BA, ZHAO H, PATTERSON CC, CARSON D, HADDEN D, SMAIL P, MCSPORRAN B, WAUGH N, BINGLEY P, MCKINNEY PA, FELTBOWER RG, BODANSKY HJ, CAMPBELL F, LAPORTE RE, LIBMAN I, ROSEMAN J, RAHMAN SMA, DE LLADO TF, LIPTON R, JORGE AM, GUNCZLER P, LANES R., DEVOTI, Gabriele, THE DIAMOND PROJECT, Group, Bessaoud, K, Boudraa, G, DE ROPOLO, Mm, DE SEREDAY, M, Marti, Ml, Moser, M, Lapertosa, S, Damiano, M, Verge, C, Howard, N, Schober, E, Jordan, O, Weets, I, Gorus, F, Coeckelberghs, M, Rooman, R, VAN GAAL, L, Franco, Lj, Ferreira, Srg, Lisboa, Hpk, Kurtz, La, Graebin, R, Kutzke, L, Rodriges, C, Savova, R, Christov, V, Iotova, V, Tzaneva, V, Pacaud, D, Toth, E, Tan, Mh, Carrasco, E, Perez, F, Ze, Y, Bo, Y, Chen, S, Fu, L, Deng, L, Shen, S, Teng, K, Wang, C, Jian, H, Ju, J, Yan, C, Deng, Y, Li, C, Zhang, Y, Liu, Y, Long, X, Zhen, Z, Sun, Z, Wang, B, Wong, G, Orrego, Ov, Aschner, P, DIAZ DIAZ, O, DE ACOSTA, Om, Cinek, O, Vavrinec, J, Olsen, B, Svendsen, Aj, Kreutzfeldt, J, Lund, E, Tull, E, SELMAN GEARA, A, Almonte, A, Podar, T, Tuomilehto, J, Karvonen, M, Notkola, Il, Moltchanova, E, Taskinen, O, LEVY MARCHAL, C, Czernichow, P, Kocava, M, Neu, A, Ehehalt, S, Rosenbauer, J, Giani, G, Icks, A, Bartsocas, C, Vazeou, A, Soltesz, G, Laron, Z, Gordon, O, Albag, Y, Shamis, I, Purrello, F, Arpi, M, Fichera, G, Mancuso, M, Lucenti, C, Chiumello, G, Bruno, G, Pagano, G, Songini, M, Casu, A, Marinaro, A, Frongia, P, Zedda, Ma, Milia, A, Tenconi, Mt, Devoti, Gabriele, Pozzilli, P, Visalli, N, Sebastiani, L, Marietti, G, Buzzetti, R, Cherubini, V, Okuno, A, Harada, S, Matsuura, N, Miki, E, Miyamoto, S, Sasaki, N, Mimura, G, Shaltout, A, Qabazrd, M, AL KHAWARI, M, Brigis, G, Dzivite, I, Kadiki, O, Urbonaite, B, DE BEAUFORT, C, Gareeboo, H, Rueda, Oa, Reeser, M, Elliott, R, Scott, R, Willis, J, Darlow, B, Joner, G, Rafique, G, Jawad, F, Jimenez, J, Palacios, Cm, Canete, F, Vera, J, Almiron, R, Benitez, Ge, Espinola, C, Seclen, S, Woznicka, D, Szybinski, Z, Placzkiewicz, E, JAROSZ CHOBOT, P, Menezes, C, Pina, Ea, Ruas, Mma, Rodrigues, Fjc, Abreu, S, IONESCU TIRGOVISTE, C, Shubnikov, E, Michalkova, D, Bark, L, Hlava, P, Mikulecky, M, Krzisnik, C, Battelino, T, Ursic, Nb, Kotnik, P, Ko, Kw, Castell, C, Goday, A, Magzoub, M, Dahlquist, G, Schoenle, E, Nagati, K, Khalifa, Fb, Burden, A, Raymond, N, Millward, Ba, Zhao, H, Patterson, Cc, Carson, D, Hadden, D, Smail, P, Mcsporran, B, Waugh, N, Bingley, P, Mckinney, Pa, Feltbower, Rg, Bodansky, Hj, Campbell, F, Laporte, Re, Libman, I, Roseman, J, Rahman, Sma, DE LLADO, Tf, Lipton, R, Jorge, Am, Gunczler, P, and Lanes, R.

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, type 1 diabetes, Incidence, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Global Health, World Health Organization, trend, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Endocrinology, Child, Preschool, geographical distribution, incidence, Internal Medicine, Humans, epidemiology, Female, Child
Abstract

Aims. To examine incidence and trends of Type 1 diabetes worldwide for the period 1990–1999. Methods. The incidence of Type 1 diabetes (per 100000/year) was analysed in children aged ≤ 14 years from 114 populations in 112 centres in 57 countries. Trends in the incidence of Type 1 diabetes were analysed by fitting Poisson regression models to the dataset. Results. A total of 43013 cases were diagnosed in the study populations of 84 million children. The age-adjusted incidence of Type 1 diabetes among 112 centres (114 populations) varied from 0.1 per 100000/year in China and Venezuela to 40.9 per 100000/year in Finland. The average annual increase in incidence calculated from 103 centres was 2.8% (95% CI 2.4–3.2%). During the years 1990–1994, this increase was 2.4% (95% CI 1.3–3.4%) and during the second study period of 1995–1999 it was slightly higher at 3.4% (95% CI 2.7– 4.3%). The trends estimated for continents showed statistically significant increases all over the world (4.0% in Asia, 3.2% in Europe and 5.3% in North America), except in Central America and the West Indies where the trend was a decrease of 3.6%. Only among the European populations did the trend in incidence diminish with age. Conclusions. The rising incidence of Type 1 diabetes globally suggests the need for continuous monitoring of incidence by using standardized methods in order to plan or assess prevention strategies.

Published
2006
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97. “Extensive Transmission of Microbes along the Gastrointestinal Tract”

Author

Schmidt, TSB, primary, Hayward, MR, additional, Coelho, LP, additional, Li, SS, additional, Costea, PI, additional, Voigt, AY, additional, Wirbel, J, additional, Maistrenko, OM, additional, Alves, RJ, additional, Bergsten, E, additional, de Beaufort, C, additional, Sobhani, I, additional, Heintz-Buschart, A, additional, Sunagawa, S, additional, Zeller, G, additional, Wilmes, P, additional, and Bork, P, additional

Published
2018
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100. Manpower Programs and Policies of the United States Education and Training Versus Job Creation. A Case Study.

Author

Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA. and Katt, Beaufort C.

Abstract

This case study is an analysis of the existing and proposed manpower programs of the United States with specific attention made to two of its broad components. These are education/training and public service employment, sometimes called job creation. Information contained in this work was obtained through library research. Current information regarding reforms was obtained from Senate Hearings and the Congressional Quarterly. The following are major conclusions that can be drawn from this paper: Manpower programs have proliferated to an unmanageable degree. Trends in reforms are as follows: (1) Decentralization of programs to States, local government units. (2) Education/Training is a necessary ingredient of programs but a balance with other forms of manpower management is desirable. (3) Short term and permanent public service employment is strongly supported by States, cities and more resources (funds) will be committed to this end. (4) Reform proposals submitted to the 92nd Congress were, in the main, feasible alternatives to existing legislation. (Author)

Published
1973

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