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51. Cigarette Smoking and Endometrial Cancer Risk:Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses

Author

Dimou, Niki, Omiyale, Wemimo, Biessy, Carine, Viallon, Vivian, Kaaks, Rudolf, O'Mara, Tracy A., Aglago, Elom K., Ardanaz, Eva, Bergmann, Manuela M., Bondonno, Nicola P., Braaten, Tonje, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M., Crous-Bou, Marta, Dahm, Christina C., Fortner, Renee T., Gram, Inger T., Harlid, Sophia, Heath, Alicia K., Idahl, Annika, Kvaskoff, Marina, Nost, Therese H., Overvad, Kim, Palli, Domenico, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Schulze, Matthias B., Severi, Gianluca, Simeon, Vittorio, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Tjonneland, Anne, Truong, Therese, Tumino, Rosario, Johansson, Mattias, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Murphy, Neil, Gunter, Marc J., Lacey, Ben, Allen, Naomi E., Dossus, Laure, Dimou, Niki, Omiyale, Wemimo, Biessy, Carine, Viallon, Vivian, Kaaks, Rudolf, O'Mara, Tracy A., Aglago, Elom K., Ardanaz, Eva, Bergmann, Manuela M., Bondonno, Nicola P., Braaten, Tonje, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M., Crous-Bou, Marta, Dahm, Christina C., Fortner, Renee T., Gram, Inger T., Harlid, Sophia, Heath, Alicia K., Idahl, Annika, Kvaskoff, Marina, Nost, Therese H., Overvad, Kim, Palli, Domenico, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Schulze, Matthias B., Severi, Gianluca, Simeon, Vittorio, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Tjonneland, Anne, Truong, Therese, Tumino, Rosario, Johansson, Mattias, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Murphy, Neil, Gunter, Marc J., Lacey, Ben, Allen, Naomi E., and Dossus, Laure

Abstract

Background: Current epidemiologic evidence indicates that smoking is associated with a lower endometrial cancer risk. How-ever, it is unknown if this association is causal or confounded. To further elucidate the role of smoking in endometrial cancer risk, we conducted complementary observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Methods: The observational analyses included 286,415 participants enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition and 179,271 participants in the UK Biobank, and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used. In two-sample MR analyses, genetic variants robustly associated with lifetime amount of smoking (n = 126 variants) and ever having smoked regularly (n = 112 variants) were selected and their association with endometrial cancer risk (12,906 cancer/108,979 controls from the Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium) was examined. Results: In the observational analysis, lifetime amount of smoking and ever having smoked regularly were associated with a lower endometrial cancer risk. In the MR analysis accounting for body mass index, a genetic predisposition to a higher lifetime amount of smoking was not associated with endometrial cancer risk (OR per 1-SD increment: 1.15; 95% confidence interval: 0.91-1.44). Genetic predisposition to ever having smoked regularly was not associated with risk of endometrial cancer. Conclusions: Smoking was inversely associated with endometrial cancer in the observational analyses, although unsupported by the MR. Additional studies are required to better understand the possible confounders and mechanisms underlying the observed associations between smoking and endometrial cancer. Impact: The results from this analysis indicate that smoking is unlikely to be causally linked with endometrial cancer risk.

Published
2022

52. Lifestyle factors for the prevention of inflammatory bowel disease

Author

Lopes, Emily W., Chan, Simon S. M., Song, Mingyang, Ludvigsson, Jonas F., Håkansson, Niclas, Lochhead, Paul, Clark, Allan, Burke, Kristin E., Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin N., Cross, Amanda J., Palli, Domenico, Bergmann, Manuela M., Richter, James M., Chan, Andrew T., Olén, Ola, Wolk, Alicja, Khalili, Hamed, Lopes, Emily W., Chan, Simon S. M., Song, Mingyang, Ludvigsson, Jonas F., Håkansson, Niclas, Lochhead, Paul, Clark, Allan, Burke, Kristin E., Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin N., Cross, Amanda J., Palli, Domenico, Bergmann, Manuela M., Richter, James M., Chan, Andrew T., Olén, Ola, Wolk, Alicja, and Khalili, Hamed

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the proportion of cases of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) that could be prevented by modifiable lifestyle factors. DESIGN: In a prospective cohort study of US adults from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; n=72 290), NHSII (n=93 909) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; n=41 871), we created modifiable risk scores (MRS; 0-6) for CD and UC based on established lifestyle risk factors, and healthy lifestyle scores (HLS; 0-9) derived from American healthy lifestyle recommendations. We calculated the population attributable risk by comparing the incidence of CD and UC between low-risk (CD-MRS≤1, UC-MRS≤2, HLS≥7) and high-risk groups. We externally validated our findings in three European cohorts: the Swedish Mammography Cohort (n=37 275), Cohort of Swedish Men (n=40 810) and European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (n=404 144). RESULTS: Over 5 117 021 person-years of follow-up (NHS, HPFS: 1986-2016; NHSII: 1991-2017), we documented 346 CD and 456 UC cases. Adherence to a low MRS could have prevented 42.9% (95% CI 12.2% to 66.1%) of CD and 44.4% (95% CI 9.0% to 69.8%) of UC cases. Similarly, adherence to a healthy lifestyle could have prevented 61.1% (95% CI 16.8% to 84.9%) of CD and 42.2% (95% CI 1.7% to 70.9%) of UC cases. In our validation cohorts, adherence to a low MRS and healthy lifestyle could have, respectively, prevented 43.9%-51.2% and 48.8%-60.4% of CD cases and 20.6%-27.8% and 46.8%-56.3% of UC cases. CONCLUSIONS: Across six US and European cohorts, a substantial burden of inflammatory bowel diseases risk may be preventable through lifestyle modification., Funding agencies:CoSM cohorts Swedish research infrastructure (SIMPLER) grant VR 2017-00644 SMCWorld Health OrganizationNIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)Danish Cancer SocietyLigue nationale contre le cancerInstitut Gustave RoussyMutuelle Generale de l'Education NationaleInstitut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm)Deutsche KrebshilfeHelmholtz AssociationGerman Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE)Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF)Fondazione AIRC per la ricerca sul cancroCompagnia di San PaoloDutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS)Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR)LK Research FundsDutch Prevention FundsNetherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)World Cancer Research Fund International (WCRF)Netherlands GovernmentHealth Research Fund (FIS)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)Regional Governments of Andalucia, AsturiasBasque GovernmentMurcia and NavarraCatalan Institute of Oncology-ICO (Spain)Cancer Research UKUK Research & Innovation (UKRI)Medical Research Council UK (MRC) 14136 C8221/A29017 Crohn's and Colitis Foundation 1000143 MR/M012190/1 United States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USAAmerican College of Gastroenterology junior faculty development award T32 DK007191 UM1 CA186107 NHS U01 CA176726 NHSII U01 CA167552 HPFS

Published
2022
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53. Obesity is Associated With Increased Risk of Crohn's disease, but not Ulcerative Colitis:A Pooled Analysis of Five Prospective Cohort Studies

Author

Chan, Simon S.M., Chen, Ye, Casey, Kevin, Olen, Ola, Ludvigsson, Jonas F., Carbonnel, Franck, Oldenburg, Bas, Gunter, Marc J., Tjønneland, Anne, Grip, Olof, Amian, Pilar, Barricarte, Aurelio, Bergmann, Manuela M., Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Cross, Amanda, Hart, Andrew R., Kaaks, Rudolf, Key, Tim, Chirlaque López, María Dolores, Robert Luben, Luben, Masala, Giovanna, Manjer, Jonas, Olsen, Anja, Overvad, Kim, Palli, Domenico, Riboli, Elio, Sánchez, Maria José, Tumino, Rosario, Vermeulen, Roel, Verschuren, W. M.Monique, Wareham, Nick, Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin, Burke, Kristin, Lopes, Emily Walsh, Richter, James, Lochhead, Paul, Chan, Andrew T., Wolk, Alicia, Khalili, Hamed, Chan, Simon S.M., Chen, Ye, Casey, Kevin, Olen, Ola, Ludvigsson, Jonas F., Carbonnel, Franck, Oldenburg, Bas, Gunter, Marc J., Tjønneland, Anne, Grip, Olof, Amian, Pilar, Barricarte, Aurelio, Bergmann, Manuela M., Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Cross, Amanda, Hart, Andrew R., Kaaks, Rudolf, Key, Tim, Chirlaque López, María Dolores, Robert Luben, Luben, Masala, Giovanna, Manjer, Jonas, Olsen, Anja, Overvad, Kim, Palli, Domenico, Riboli, Elio, Sánchez, Maria José, Tumino, Rosario, Vermeulen, Roel, Verschuren, W. M.Monique, Wareham, Nick, Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin, Burke, Kristin, Lopes, Emily Walsh, Richter, James, Lochhead, Paul, Chan, Andrew T., Wolk, Alicia, and Khalili, Hamed

Abstract

Background and Aims: It is unclear whether obesity is associated with the development of inflammatory bowel disease despite compelling data from basic science studies. We therefore examined the association between obesity and risk of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: We conducted pooled analyses of 5 prospective cohorts with validated anthropometric measurements for body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio and other lifestyle factors. Diagnoses of CD and UC were confirmed through medical records or ascertained using validated definitions. We used Cox proportional hazards modeling to calculate pooled multivariable-adjusted HRs (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Among 601,009 participants (age range, 18-98 years) with 10,110,018 person-years of follow-up, we confirmed 563 incident cases of CD and 1047 incident cases of UC. Obesity (baseline BMI ≥30 kg/m2) was associated with an increased risk of CD (pooled aHR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.05-1.71, I2 = 0%) compared with normal BMI (18.5 to <25 kg/m2). Each 5 kg/m2 increment in baseline BMI was associated with a 16% increase in risk of CD (pooled aHR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.05-1.22; I2 = 0%). Similarly, with each 5 kg/m2 increment in early adulthood BMI (age, 18-20 years), there was a 22% increase in risk of CD (pooled aHR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.05-1.40; I2 = 13.6%). An increase in waist-hip ratio was associated with an increased risk of CD that did not reach statistical significance (pooled aHR across quartiles, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.97-1.19; I2 = 0%). No associations were observed between measures of obesity and risk of UC. Conclusions: In an adult population, obesity as measured by BMI was associated with an increased risk of older-onset CD but not UC.

Published
2022

54. A Prospective Diet-Wide Association Study for Risk of Colorectal Cancer in EPIC

Author

MS MDL 1, Epi Kanker Team B, Cancer, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Bouras, Emmanouil, van den Brandt, Piet A, Muller, David C, Papadopoulou, Areti, Heath, Alicia K, Critselis, Elena, Gunter, Marc J, Vineis, Paolo, Ferrari, Pietro, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Boeing, Heiner, Bastide, Nadia, Merritt, Melissa A, Lopez, David S, Bergmann, Manuela M, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Schulze, Matthias, Skeie, Guri, Srour, Bernard, Eriksen, Anne Kirstine, Boden, Stina, Johansson, Ingegerd, Nøst, Therese Haugdahl, Lukic, Marco, Ricceri, Fulvio, Ericson, Ulrika, Huerta, José María, Dahm, Christina C, Agnoli, Claudia, Amiano, Pilar Exezarreta, Tjønneland, Anne, Gurrea, Aurelio Barricarte, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, Ardanaz, Eva, Berntsson, Jonna, Sánchez, Maria-Jose, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, Katzke, Verena, Jakszyn, Paula, Masala, Giovanna, Derksen, Jeroen W G, Quirós, J Ramón, Severi, Gianluca, Cross, Amanda J, Riboli, Ellio, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, MS MDL 1, Epi Kanker Team B, Cancer, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Bouras, Emmanouil, van den Brandt, Piet A, Muller, David C, Papadopoulou, Areti, Heath, Alicia K, Critselis, Elena, Gunter, Marc J, Vineis, Paolo, Ferrari, Pietro, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Boeing, Heiner, Bastide, Nadia, Merritt, Melissa A, Lopez, David S, Bergmann, Manuela M, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Schulze, Matthias, Skeie, Guri, Srour, Bernard, Eriksen, Anne Kirstine, Boden, Stina, Johansson, Ingegerd, Nøst, Therese Haugdahl, Lukic, Marco, Ricceri, Fulvio, Ericson, Ulrika, Huerta, José María, Dahm, Christina C, Agnoli, Claudia, Amiano, Pilar Exezarreta, Tjønneland, Anne, Gurrea, Aurelio Barricarte, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, Ardanaz, Eva, Berntsson, Jonna, Sánchez, Maria-Jose, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, Katzke, Verena, Jakszyn, Paula, Masala, Giovanna, Derksen, Jeroen W G, Quirós, J Ramón, Severi, Gianluca, Cross, Amanda J, Riboli, Ellio, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, and Tsilidis, Konstantinos K

Published
2022

56. Fiber intake and total and cause-specific mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort

Author

Chuang, Shu-Chun, Norat, Teresa, Murphy, Neil, Olsen, Anja, Tjønneland, Anne, Overvad, Kim, Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Perquier, Florence, Dartois, Laureen, Kaaks, Rudolf, Teucher, Birgit, Bergmann, Manuela M, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Grioni, Sara, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Panico, Salvatore, Palli, Domenico, Tumino, Rosario, Peeters, Petra HM, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, Ros, Martine M, Brustad, Magritt, Åsli, Lene Angell, Skeie, Guri, Quirós, J Ramón, González, Carlos A, Sánchez, María-José, Navarro, Carmen, Ardanaz Aicua, Eva, Dorronsoro, Miren, Drake, Isabel, Sonestedt, Emily, Johansson, Ingegerd, Hallmans, Göran, Key, Timothy, Crowe, Francesca, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas, Ferrari, Pietro, Slimani, Nadia, Romieu, Isabelle, Gallo, Valentina, Riboli, Elio, and Vineis, Paolo

Published
2012
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58. Longitudinal changes in weight in relation to smoking cessation in participants of the EPIC-PANACEA study

Author

Travier, Noémie, Agudo, Antonio, May, Anne M., Gonzalez, Carlos, Luan, Jian'an, Wareham, Nick J., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, van den Berg, Saskia W., Slimani, Nadia, Rinaldi, Sabina, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Palli, Domenico, Sieri, Sabina, Mattiello, Amalia, Tumino, Rosario, Vineis, Paolo, Norat, Teresa, Romaguera, Dora, Rodriguez, Laudina, Sanchez, Maria-José, Dorronsoro, Miren, Barricarte, Aurelio, Huerta, José M., Key, Tim J., Orfanos, Philippos, Naska, Androniki, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Rohrmann, Sabina, Kaaks, Rudolf, Bergmann, Manuela M., Boeing, Heiner, Hallmans, Goran, Johansson, Ingegerd, Manjer, Jonas, Lindkvist, Björn, Jakobsen, Mariane U., Overvad, Kim, Tjonneland, Anne, Halkjaer, Jytte, Lund, Eiliv, Braaten, Toni, Odysseos, Andreani, Riboli, Elio, and Peeters, Petra H.

Published
2012
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59. Prediagnostic alterations in circulating bile acid profiles in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma

Author

Stepien, Magdalena Lopez-Nogueroles, Marina Lahoz, Agustin and Kuehn, Tilman Perlemuter, Gabriel Voican, Cosmin Ciocan, Dragos Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Jansen, Eugene and Viallon, Vivian Leitzmann, Michael Tjonneland, Anne Severi, Gianluca Mancini, Francesca Romana Dong, Catherine Kaaks, Rudolf Fortner, Renee Turzanski Bergmann, Manuela M. Boeing, Heiner Trichopoulou, Antonia Karakatsani, Anna Peppa, Eleni and Palli, Domenico Krogh, Vittorio Tumino, Rosario and Sacerdote, Carlotta Panico, Salvatore Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas and Skeie, Guri Merino, Susana Ros, Raul Zamora Sanchez, Maria Jose Amiano, Pilar Huerta, Jose Ma Barricarte, Aurelio and Sjoeberg, Klas Ohlsson, Bodil Nystroem, Hanna Werner, Marten Perez-Cornago, Aurora Schmidt, Julie A. Freisling, Heinz Scalbert, Augustin Weiderpass, Elisabete Christakoudi, Sofia Gunter, Marc J. Jenab, Mazda

Subjects
education
Abstract

Bile acids (BAs) play different roles in cancer development. Some are carcinogenic and BA signaling is also involved in various metabolic, inflammatory and immune-related processes. The liver is the primary site of BA synthesis. Liver dysfunction and microbiome compositional changes, such as during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, may modulate BA metabolism increasing concentration of carcinogenic BAs. Observations from prospective cohorts are sparse. We conducted a study (233 HCC case-control pairs) nested within a large observational prospective cohort with blood samples taken at recruitment when healthy with follow-up over time for later cancer development. A targeted metabolomics method was used to quantify 17 BAs (primary/secondary/tertiary; conjugated/unconjugated) in prediagnostic plasma. Odd ratios (OR) for HCC risk associations were calculated by multivariable conditional logistic regression models. Positive HCC risk associations were observed for the molar sum of all BAs (ORdoubling = 2.30, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.76-3.00), and choline- and taurine-conjugated BAs. Relative concentrations of BAs showed positive HCC risk associations for glycoholic acid and most taurine-conjugated BAs. We observe an association between increased HCC risk and higher levels of major circulating BAs, from several years prior to tumor diagnosis and after multivariable adjustment for confounders and liver functionality. Increase in BA concentration is accompanied by a shift in BA profile toward higher proportions of taurine-conjugated BAs, indicating early alterations of BA metabolism with HCC development. Future studies are needed to assess BA profiles for improved stratification of patients at high HCC risk and to determine whether supplementation with certain BAs may ameliorate liver dysfunction.

Published
2022

61. Ethanol Intake and the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Author

Rohrmann, Sabine, Linseisen, Jakob, Vrieling, Alina, Boffetta, Paolo, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael Z., Lowenfels, Albert B., Jensen, Majken K., Overvad, Kim, Olsen, Anja, Tjonneland, Anne, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Fagherazzi, G., Misirli, Gesthimani, Lagiou, Pagona, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Kaaks, Rudolf, Bergmann, Manuela M., Boeing, Heiner, Bingham, Sheila, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Allen, Naomi, Roddam, Andrew, Palli, Domenico, Pala, Valeria, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Vineis, Paolo, Peeters, Petra H. M., Hjartåker, Anette, Lund, Eiliv, Cornejo, Ma Luisa Redondo, Agudo, Antonio, Arriola, Larraitz, Sánchez, Maria-José, Tormo, María-José, Gurrea, Aurelio Barricarte, Lindkvist, Björn, Manjer, Jonas, Johansson, Ingegerd, Ye, Weimin, Slimani, Nadia, Duell, Eric J., Jenab, Mazda, Michaud, Dominique S., Mouw, Traci, Riboli, Elio, and Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas

Published
2009
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62. Physical activity and gain in abdominal adiposity and body weight: prospective cohort study in 288,498 men and women

Author

Ekelund, Ulf, Besson, Herve, Luan, Jian’an, May, Anne M, Sharp, Stephen J, Brage, Søren, Travier, Noemie, Agudo, Antonio, Slimani, Nadia, Rinaldi, Sabina, Jenab, Mazda, Norat, Teresa, Mouw, Traci, Rohrmann, Sabine, Kaaks, Rudolf, Bergmann, Manuela M, Boeing, Heiner, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Overvad, Kim, Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre, Johnsen, Nina Føns, Halkjaer, Jytte, Gonzalez, Carlos A, Rodriguez, Laudina, Sanchez, Maria José, Arriola, Larraitz, Barricarte, Aurelio, Navarro, Carmen, Key, Timothy J, Spencer, Elisabeth A, Orfanos, Philippos, Naska, Androniki, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Manjer, Jonas, Lund, Eiliv, Palli, Dominico, Pala, Valeria, Vineis, Paolo, Mattiello, Amalia, Tumino, Rosario, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, van den Berg, Saskia W, Odysseos, Andreani D, Riboli, Elio, Wareham, Nicolas J, and Peeters, Petra H

Published
2011
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63. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Lymphoma Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Author

Rohrmann, Sabine, Becker, Nikolaus, Linseisen, Jakob, Nieters, Alexandra, Rüdiger, Thomas, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Tjønneland, Anne, Johnsen, Hans E., Overvad, Kim, Kaaks, Rudolf, Bergmann, Manuela M., Boeing, Heiner, Benetou, Vasiliki, Psaltopoulou, Theodora, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Masala, Giovanna, Mattiello, Amalia, Krogh, Vittorio, Tumino, Rosario, Van Gils, Carla H., Peeters, Petra H. M., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. Bas, Ros, Martine M., Lund, Eiliv, Ardanaz, Eva, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Jakszyn, Paula, Larrañaga, Nerea, Losada, A., Martínez-García, Carmen, Ågren, Åsa, Hallmans, Göran, Berglund, Göran, Manjer, Jonas, Allen, Naomi E., Key, Timothy J., Bingham, Sheila, Khaw, Kay Tee, Slimani, Nadia, Ferrari, Pietro, Boffetta, Paolo, Norat, Teresa, Vineis, Paolo, and Riboli, Elio

Published
2007
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64. Prediagnostic alterations in circulating bile acid profiles in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma

Author

Stepien, Magdalena, primary, Lopez‐Nogueroles, Marina, additional, Lahoz, Agustin, additional, Kühn, Tilman, additional, Perlemuter, Gabriel, additional, Voican, Cosmin, additional, Ciocan, Dragos, additional, Boutron‐Ruault, Marie‐Christine, additional, Jansen, Eugene, additional, Viallon, Vivian, additional, Leitzmann, Michael, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Severi, Gianluca, additional, Mancini, Francesca Romana, additional, Dong, Catherine, additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, Fortner, Renee Turzanski, additional, Bergmann, Manuela M., additional, Boeing, Heiner, additional, Trichopoulou, Antonia, additional, Karakatsani, Anna, additional, Peppa, Eleni, additional, Palli, Domenico, additional, Krogh, Vittorio, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Panico, Salvatore, additional, Bueno‐de‐Mesquita, H. Bas, additional, Skeie, Guri, additional, Merino, Susana, additional, Ros, Raul Zamora, additional, Sánchez, Maria Jose, additional, Amiano, Pilar, additional, Huerta, Jose Mª, additional, Barricarte, Aurelio, additional, Sjöberg, Klas, additional, Ohlsson, Bodil, additional, Nyström, Hanna, additional, Werner, Marten, additional, Perez‐Cornago, Aurora, additional, Schmidt, Julie A., additional, Freisling, Heinz, additional, Scalbert, Augustin, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Christakoudi, Sofia, additional, Gunter, Marc J., additional, and Jenab, Mazda, additional

Published
2022
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65. RETRACTED: Estimating dose-response relationships for vitamin D with coronary heart disease, stroke, and all-cause mortality: observational and Mendelian randomisation analyses

Author

Sofianopoulou, Eleni, Kaptoge, Stephen K, Afzal, Shoaib, Jiang, Tao, Gill, Dipender, Gundersen, Thomas E, Bolton, Thomas R, Allara, Elias, Arnold, Matthew G, Mason, Amy M, Chung, Ryan, Pennells, Lisa A M, Shi, Fanchao, Sun, Luanluan, Willeit, Peter, Forouhi, Nita G, Langenberg, Claudia, Sharp, Stephen J, Panico, Salvatore, Engström, Gunnar, Melander, Olle, Tong, Tammy Y N, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Norberg, Margareta, Johansson, Ingegerd, Katzke, Verena, Srour, Bernard, José Sánchez, María, Redondo-Sánchez, Daniel, Olsen, Anja, Dahm, Christina C, Overvad, Kim, Brustad, Magritt, Skeie, Guri, Moreno-Iribas, Conchi, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, Heath, Alicia K, Agnoli, Claudia, Krogh, Vittorio, de Boer, Ian H, Kobylecki, Camilla Jannie, Çolak, Yunus, Zittermann, Armin, Sundström, Johan, Welsh, Paul, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Aglago, Elom K, Ferrari, Pietro, Clarke, Robert, Boutron, Marie-Christine, Severi, Gianluca, MacDonald, Conor, Providencia, Rui, Masala, Giovanna, Zamora Ros, Raul, Boer, Jolanda, Verschuren, WM Monique, Cawthon, Peggy, Schierbeck, Louise L, Cooper, Cyrus, Schulze, Matthias B, Bergmann, Manuela M, Hannemann, Anke, Kiechl, Stefan, Brenner, Hermann, van Schoor, Natasja M, Albertorio, Juan R, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Linneberg, Allan, Kårhus, Line L, Huerta, José María, Imaz, Liher, Joergensen, Christel, Ben-Shlomo, Yoav, Lundqvist, Annamari, Gallacher, John, Sattar, Naveed, Wood, Angela M, Wareham, Nicholas J, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Danesh, John, Butterworth, Adam S, and Burgess, Stephen

Published
2021
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66. Estimating dose-response relationships for vitamin D with coronary heart disease, stroke, and all-cause mortality: observational and Mendelian randomisation analyses

Author

Sofianopoulou, Eleni, primary, Kaptoge, Stephen K, additional, Afzal, Shoaib, additional, Jiang, Tao, additional, Gill, Dipender, additional, Gundersen, Thomas E, additional, Bolton, Thomas R, additional, Allara, Elias, additional, Arnold, Matthew G, additional, Mason, Amy M, additional, Chung, Ryan, additional, Pennells, Lisa A M, additional, Shi, Fanchao, additional, Sun, Luanluan, additional, Willeit, Peter, additional, Forouhi, Nita G, additional, Langenberg, Claudia, additional, Sharp, Stephen J, additional, Panico, Salvatore, additional, Engström, Gunnar, additional, Melander, Olle, additional, Tong, Tammy Y N, additional, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, additional, Norberg, Margareta, additional, Johansson, Ingegerd, additional, Katzke, Verena, additional, Srour, Bernard, additional, José Sánchez, María, additional, Redondo-Sánchez, Daniel, additional, Olsen, Anja, additional, Dahm, Christina C, additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Brustad, Magritt, additional, Skeie, Guri, additional, Moreno-Iribas, Conchi, additional, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, additional, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, additional, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, additional, Heath, Alicia K, additional, Agnoli, Claudia, additional, Krogh, Vittorio, additional, de Boer, Ian H, additional, Kobylecki, Camilla Jannie, additional, Çolak, Yunus, additional, Zittermann, Armin, additional, Sundström, Johan, additional, Welsh, Paul, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Aglago, Elom K, additional, Ferrari, Pietro, additional, Clarke, Robert, additional, Boutron, Marie-Christine, additional, Severi, Gianluca, additional, MacDonald, Conor, additional, Providencia, Rui, additional, Masala, Giovanna, additional, Zamora Ros, Raul, additional, Boer, Jolanda, additional, Verschuren, WM Monique, additional, Cawthon, Peggy, additional, Schierbeck, Louise L, additional, Cooper, Cyrus, additional, Schulze, Matthias B, additional, Bergmann, Manuela M, additional, Hannemann, Anke, additional, Kiechl, Stefan, additional, Brenner, Hermann, additional, van Schoor, Natasja M, additional, Albertorio, Juan R, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Linneberg, Allan, additional, Kårhus, Line L, additional, Huerta, José María, additional, Imaz, Liher, additional, Joergensen, Christel, additional, Ben-Shlomo, Yoav, additional, Lundqvist, Annamari, additional, Gallacher, John, additional, Sattar, Naveed, additional, Wood, Angela M, additional, Wareham, Nicholas J, additional, Nordestgaard, Børge G, additional, Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, additional, Danesh, John, additional, Butterworth, Adam S, additional, and Burgess, Stephen, additional

Published
2021
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69. Association of Cycling With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Persons With Diabetes

Author

Ried Larsen, Mathias, Rasmussen, Martin Gillies, Blond, Kim, Overvad, Thure F., Overvad, Kim, Steindorf, Karen, Katzke, Verena, Andersen, Julie L. M., Petersen, Kristina E. N., Aune, Dagfinn, Tsilidis, Kostas K., Heath, Alicia K., Papier, Keren, Panico, Salvatore, Masala, Giovanna, Pala, Valeria, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Freisling, Heinz, Bergmann, Manuela M., Verschuren, W. M. Monique, Zamora-Ros, Raul, Colorado Yohar, Sandra M., Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W., Schulze, Matthias B., Ardanaz, Eva M. A., Andersen, Lars Bo, Wareham, Nick, Brage, Søren, and Grøntved, Anders

Subjects
Diabetis, Cardiovascular diseases, Malalties cardiovasculars, Diabetes
Abstract

Importance: Premature death from all causes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) causes is higher among persons with diabetes. Objective: To investigate the association between time spent cycling and all-cause and CVD mortality among persons with diabetes, as well as to evaluate the association between change in time spent cycling and risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. Design, setting, and participants: This prospective cohort study included 7459 adults with diabetes from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Questionnaires regarding medical history, sociodemographic, and lifestyle information were administered in 10 Western European countries from 1992 through 2000 (baseline examination) and at a second examination 5 years after baseline. A total of 5423 participants with diabetes completed both examinations. The final updated primary analysis was conducted on November 13, 2020. Exposures: The primary exposure was self-reported time spent cycling per week at the baseline examination. The secondary exposure was change in cycling status from baseline to the second examination. Main outcomes and measures: The primary and secondary outcomes were all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively, adjusted for other physical activity modalities, diabetes duration, and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Results: Of the 7459 adults with diabetes included in the analysis, the mean (SD) age was 55.9 (7.7) years, and 3924 (52.6%) were female. During 110 944 person-years of follow-up, 1673 deaths from all causes were registered. Compared with the reference group of people who reported no cycling at baseline (0 min/wk), the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 0.78 (95% CI, 0.61-0.99), 0.76 (95% CI, 0.65-0.88), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.57-0.82), and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.63-0.91) for cycling 1 to 59, 60 to 149, 150 to 299, and 300 or more min/wk, respectively. In an analysis of change in time spent cycling with 57 802 person-years of follow-up, a total of 975 deaths from all causes were recorded. Compared with people who reported no cycling at both examinations, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 0.90 (95% CI, 0.71-1.14) in those who cycled and then stopped, 0.65 (95% CI, 0.46-0.92) in initial noncyclists who started cycling, and 0.65 (95% CI, 0.53-0.80) for people who reported cycling at both examinations. Similar results were observed for CVD mortality. Conclusion and relevance: In this cohort study, cycling was associated with lower all-cause and CVD mortality risk among people with diabetes independent of practicing other types of physical activity. Participants who took up cycling between the baseline and second examination had a considerably lower risk of both all-cause and CVD mortality compared with consistent noncyclists.

Published
2021

70. Association of Cycling With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Persons With Diabetes

Author

Ried-Larsen, Mathias, primary, Rasmussen, Martin Gillies, additional, Blond, Kim, additional, Overvad, Thure F., additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Steindorf, Karen, additional, Katzke, Verena, additional, Andersen, Julie L. M., additional, Petersen, Kristina E. N., additional, Aune, Dagfinn, additional, Tsilidis, Kostas K., additional, Heath, Alicia K., additional, Papier, Keren, additional, Panico, Salvatore, additional, Masala, Giovanna, additional, Pala, Valeria, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Freisling, Heinz, additional, Bergmann, Manuela M., additional, Verschuren, W. M. Monique, additional, Zamora-Ros, Raul, additional, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M., additional, Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W., additional, Schulze, Matthias B., additional, Ardanaz, Eva M. A., additional, Andersen, Lars Bo, additional, Wareham, Nick, additional, Brage, Søren, additional, and Grøntved, Anders, additional

Published
2021
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71. Alcohol consumption and the risk of renal cancers in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC)

Author

Wozniak, Magdalena B., Brennan, Paul, Brenner, Darren R., Overvad, Kim, Olsen, Anja, Tjnneland, Anne, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Fagherazzi, Guy, Katzke, Verena, Kühn, Tilman, Boeing, Heiner, Bergmann, Manuela M., Steffen, Annika, Naska, Androniki, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Saieva, Calogero, Grioni, Sara, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Vineis, Paolo, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as), Peeters, Petra H., Hjartåker, Anette, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Arriola, Larraitz, Molina-Montes, Esther, Duell, Eric J., Santiuste, Carmen, de la Torre, Ramón Alonso, Gurrea, Aurelio Barricarte, Stocks, Tanja, Johansson, Mattias, Ljungberg, Börje, Wareham, Nick, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Travis, Ruth C., Cross, Amanda J., Murphy, Neil, Riboli, Elio, and Scelo, Ghislaine

Published
2015
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72. Blood Metal Levels and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Risk: A Prospective Cohort

Author

Broberg, Karin E., Kippler, Maria J., Veldink, Jan Herman, Van Den Berg, Leonard H., Middleton, Lefkos T., Travis, Ruth C., Bergmann, Manuela M., Mancini, Francesca Romana, Katzke, Verena Andrea, Agudo, Antonio T., Gómez, Jesús Humberto, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel A., Trichopoulou, Antonia D., Vermeulen, Roel C.H., Peters, Susan, Broberg, Karin, Gallo, Valentina, Levi, Michael, Kippler, Maria, Vineis, Paolo, Veldink, Jan, Berg, Leonard, Middleton, Lefkos, Travis, Ruth, Bergmann, Manuela, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Elbaz, Alexis, Vlaar, Tim, Mancini, Francesca, Kühn, Tilman, Katzke, Verena, Agudo, Antonio, Goñi, Fernando, Gómez, Jesús‐humberto, Rodríguez‐barranco, Miguel, Merino, Susana, Barricarte, Aurelio, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Jenab, Mazda, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Vermeulen, Roel, Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Centre International de Recherche contre le Cancer - International Agency for Research on Cancer (CIRC - IARC), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), FOOD‐CT‐2005‐513943 Ministry of National Education and Religious Affairs Cancer Research UK, CRUK Wellcome Trust, WT German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ Department of Health, Australian Government Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm Kræftens Bekæmpelse, DCS Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII: C03/09 Stichting Diabetes Onderzoek Nederland British Heart Foundation, BHF Norges Forskningsråd QLK4CT199900927 Stroke Association European Commission, EC Deutsche Krebshilfe World Cancer Research Fund, WCRF Kreftforeningen, NCS Medical Research Council, MRC, The EPIC study is funded by a number of grants, however, no funding source had any role in the preparation of this article. The EPIC study was funded by the Europe against Cancer program of the European Commission (SANCO), Italian Association for Research on Cancer, and Italian National Research Council. In addition, the authors thank the following for their financial support: the Environmental Cancer Risk, Nutrition, and Individual Susceptibility Network of Excellence, operating within the European Union Sixth Framework Program, Priority 5: Food Quality and Safety (FOOD‐CT‐2005‐513943), European Community Fifth Framework Program (grant QLK4CT199900927), ISCIII, Red de Centros RCESP (C03/09), Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Danish Cancer Society, Health Research Fund of the Spanish Ministry of Health, Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia, and Navarra, Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, UK, Stroke Association, UK, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, UK, Food Standards Agency, UK, Wellcome Trust, UK, Greek Ministry of Health, Greek Ministry of Education, Italian Association for Research on Cancer, Italian National Research Council, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare, and Sports, Netherlands Cancer Registry, LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Zorg Onderzoek Nederland, World Cancer Research Fund, Statistics Netherlands, Swedish Cancer, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Skåne and Västerbotten, Sweden, Norwegian Cancer Society, Research Council of Norway, French League against Cancer, INSERM, Mutuelle Generale l'Education National, and IGR. The EPIC‐Norfolk study (DOI 10.22025/2019.10.105.00004) has received funding from the Medical Research Council (MR/N003284/1 and MC‐UU_12015/1) and Cancer Research UK (C864/A14136)., and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical Neurology, Gastroenterology, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, LEAD-EXPOSURE, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Research Articles, POPULATION, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Science & Technology, Neurology & Neurosurgery, business.industry, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Neurosciences, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Retrospective cohort study, Odds ratio, Environmental exposure, Environmental Exposure, Mercury, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology, Cohort, Population study, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurosciences & Neurology, Neurology (clinical), SMOKING, 1109 Neurosciences, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article, Cohort study
Abstract

International audience; Objective: Metals have been suggested as a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but only retrospective studies are available to date. We compared metal levels in prospectively collected blood samples from ALS patients and controls, to explore whether metals are associated with ALS mortality. Methods: A nested ALS case–control study was conducted within the prospective EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) cohort. Cases were identified through death certificates. We analyzed metal levels in erythrocyte samples obtained at recruitment, as a biomarker for metal exposure from any source. Arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, selenium, and zinc concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. To estimate ALS risk, we applied conditional logistic regression models. Results: The study population comprised 107 cases (65% female) and 319 controls matched for age, sex, and study center. Median time between blood collection and ALS death was 8 years (range = 1–15). Comparing the highest with the lowest tertile, cadmium (odds ratio [OR] = 2.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08–3.87) and lead (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 0.97–3.67) concentrations suggest associations with increased ALS risk. Zinc was associated with a decreased risk (OR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.27–0.94). Associations for cadmium and lead remained when limiting analyses to noncurrent smokers. Interpretation: This is the first study to compare metal levels before disease onset, minimizing reverse causation. The observed associations suggest that cadmium, lead, and zinc may play a role in ALS etiology. Cadmium and lead possibly act as intermediates on the pathway from smoking to ALS. ANN NEUROL 20209999:n/a–n/a.

Published
2021

73. Weight change in middle adulthood and risk of cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

Author

Christakoudi, Sofia, Pagoni, Panagiota, Ferrari, Pietro, Cross, Amanda J., Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Muller, David C., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Freisling, Heinz, Murphy, Neil, Dossus, Laure, Turzanski Fortner, Renee, Agudo, Antonio, Overvad, Kim, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Key, Timothy J., Brennan, Paul, Johansson, Mattias, Tjønneland, Anne, Halkjær, Jytte, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Artaud, Fanny, Severi, Gianluca, Kaaks, Rudolf, Schulze, Matthias B., Bergmann, Manuela M., Masala, Giovanna, Grioni, Sara, Simeon, Vittorio, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Skeie, Guri, Rylander, Charlotta, Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen, Quirós, J. Ramón, Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Ardanaz, Eva, Amiano, Pilar, Drake, Isabel, Stocks, Tanja, Häggström, Christel, Harlid, Sophia, Ellingjord-Dale, Merete, Riboli, Elio, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Christakoudi, Sofia, Pagoni, Panagiota, Ferrari, Pietro, Cross, Amanda J., Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Muller, David C., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Freisling, Heinz, Murphy, Neil, Dossus, Laure, Turzanski Fortner, Renee, Agudo, Antonio, Overvad, Kim, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Key, Timothy J., Brennan, Paul, Johansson, Mattias, Tjønneland, Anne, Halkjær, Jytte, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Artaud, Fanny, Severi, Gianluca, Kaaks, Rudolf, Schulze, Matthias B., Bergmann, Manuela M., Masala, Giovanna, Grioni, Sara, Simeon, Vittorio, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Skeie, Guri, Rylander, Charlotta, Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen, Quirós, J. Ramón, Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Ardanaz, Eva, Amiano, Pilar, Drake, Isabel, Stocks, Tanja, Häggström, Christel, Harlid, Sophia, Ellingjord-Dale, Merete, Riboli, Elio, and Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.

Abstract

Obesity is a risk factor for several major cancers. Associations of weight change in middle adulthood with cancer risk, however, are less clear. We examined the association of change in weight and body mass index (BMI) category during middle adulthood with 42 cancers, using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Of 241 323 participants (31% men), 20% lost and 32% gained weight (>0.4 to 5.0 kg/year) during 6.9 years (average). During 8.0 years of follow-up after the second weight assessment, 20 960 incident cancers were ascertained. Independent of baseline BMI, weight gain (per one kg/year increment) was positively associated with cancer of the corpus uteri (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.14; 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.23). Compared to stable weight (+/- 0.4 kg/year), weight gain (>0.4 to 5.0 kg/year) was positively associated with cancers of the gallbladder and bile ducts (HR = 1.41; 1.01-1.96), postmenopausal breast (HR = 1.08; 1.00-1.16) and thyroid (HR = 1.40; 1.04-1.90). Compared to maintaining normal weight, maintaining overweight or obese BMI (World Health Organisation categories) was positively associated with most obesity-related cancers. Compared to maintaining the baseline BMI category, weight gain to a higher BMI category was positively associated with cancers of the postmenopausal breast (HR = 1.19; 1.06-1.33), ovary (HR = 1.40; 1.04-1.91), corpus uteri (HR = 1.42; 1.06-1.91), kidney (HR = 1.80; 1.20-2.68) and pancreas in men (HR = 1.81; 1.11-2.95). Losing weight to a lower BMI category, however, was inversely associated with cancers of the corpus uteri (HR = 0.40; 0.23-0.69) and colon (HR = 0.69; 0.52-0.92). Our findings support avoiding weight gain and encouraging weight loss in middle adulthood.

Published
2021
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74. Soft drink and juice consumption and renal cell carcinoma incidence and mortality in the european prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author

Heath, Alicia K., Clasen, Joanna L., Jayanth, Nick P., Jenab, Mazda, Tjønneland, Anne, Petersen, Kristina Elin Nielsen, Overvad, Kim, Srour, Bernard, Katzke, Verena, Bergmann, Manuela M., Schulze, Matthias B., Masala, Giovanna, Krogh, Vittorio, Tumino, Rosario, Catalano, Alberto, Pasanisi, Fabrizio, Brustad, Magritt, Standahl Olsen, Karina, Skeie, Guri, Lujan-Barroso, Leila, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, Amiano, Pilar, Santiuste, Carmen, Barricarte Gurrea, Aurelio, Axelson, Hakan, Ramne, Stina, Ljungberg, Börje, Watts, Eleanor L., Huybrechts, Inge, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Riboli, Elio, Muller, David C., Heath, Alicia K., Clasen, Joanna L., Jayanth, Nick P., Jenab, Mazda, Tjønneland, Anne, Petersen, Kristina Elin Nielsen, Overvad, Kim, Srour, Bernard, Katzke, Verena, Bergmann, Manuela M., Schulze, Matthias B., Masala, Giovanna, Krogh, Vittorio, Tumino, Rosario, Catalano, Alberto, Pasanisi, Fabrizio, Brustad, Magritt, Standahl Olsen, Karina, Skeie, Guri, Lujan-Barroso, Leila, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, Amiano, Pilar, Santiuste, Carmen, Barricarte Gurrea, Aurelio, Axelson, Hakan, Ramne, Stina, Ljungberg, Börje, Watts, Eleanor L., Huybrechts, Inge, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Riboli, Elio, and Muller, David C.

Abstract

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for more than 80% of kidney cancers in adults, and obesity is a known risk factor. Regular consumption of sweetened beverages has been linked to obesity and several chronic diseases, including some types of cancer. It is uncertain whether soft drink and juice consumption is associated with risk of RCC. We investigated the associations of soft drink and juice consumption with RCC incidence and mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods: A total of 389,220 EPIC participants with median age of 52 years at recruitment (1991-2000) were included. Cox regression yielded adjusted HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for RCC incidence and mortality in relation to intakes of juices and total, sugar-sweetened, and artificially sweetened soft drinks. Results: A total of 888 incident RCCs and 356 RCC deaths were identified. In models including adjustment for body mass index and energy intake, there was no higher risk of incident RCC associated with consumption of juices (HR per 100 g/day increment ¼ 1.03; 95% CI, 0.97-1.09), total soft drinks (HR ¼ 1.01; 95% CI, 0.98-1.05), sugar-sweetened soft drinks (HR ¼ 0.99; 95% CI, 0.94-1.05), or artificially sweetened soft drinks (HR ¼ 1.02; 95% CI, 0.96-1.08). In these fully adjusted models, none of the beverages was associated with RCC mortality (HR, 95% CI per 100 g/day increment 1.06, 0.97-1.16; 1.03, 0.98-1.09; 0.97, 0.89-1.07; and 1.06, 0.99-1.14, respectively). Conclusions: Consumption of juices or soft drinks was not associated with RCC incidence or mortality after adjusting for obesity. Impact: Soft drink and juice intakes are unlikely to play an independent role in RCC development or mortality.

Published
2021
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75. Risk prediction for renal cell Carcinoma: Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC) prospective cohort study

Author

Singleton, Rosie K., Heath, Alicia K., Clasen, Joanna L., Scelo, Ghislaine, Johansson, Mattias, Le Calvez-Kelm, Florence, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Liedberg, Fredrik, Ljungberg, Börje, Harbs, Justin, Olsen, Anja, Tjønneland, Anne, Dahm, Christina C., Kaaks, Rudolf, Fortner, Renee T., Panico, Salvatore, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Masala, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Ricceri, Fulvio, Gram, Inger T., Santiuste, Carmen, Bonet, Catalina, Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel, Schulze, Mattias B., Bergmann, Manuela M., Travis, Ruth C., Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Riboli, Elio, Muller, David C., Singleton, Rosie K., Heath, Alicia K., Clasen, Joanna L., Scelo, Ghislaine, Johansson, Mattias, Le Calvez-Kelm, Florence, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Liedberg, Fredrik, Ljungberg, Börje, Harbs, Justin, Olsen, Anja, Tjønneland, Anne, Dahm, Christina C., Kaaks, Rudolf, Fortner, Renee T., Panico, Salvatore, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Masala, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Ricceri, Fulvio, Gram, Inger T., Santiuste, Carmen, Bonet, Catalina, Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel, Schulze, Mattias B., Bergmann, Manuela M., Travis, Ruth C., Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Riboli, Elio, and Muller, David C.

Abstract

Background: Early detection of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has the potential to improve disease outcomes. No screening program for sporadic RCC is in place. Given relatively low incidence, screening would need to focus on people at high risk of clinically meaningful disease so as to limit overdiagnosis and screen-detected false positives. Methods: Among 192,172 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort (including 588 incident RCC cases), we evaluated a published RCC risk prediction model (including age, sex, BMI, and smoking status) in terms of discrimination (C-statistic) and calibration (observed probability as a function of predicted probability). We used a flexible parametric survival model to develop an expanded model including age, sex, BMI, and smoking status, with the addition of self-reported history of hypertension and measured blood pressure. Results: The previously published model yielded well-calibrated probabilities and good discrimination (C-statistic [95% CI]: 0.699 [0.679–0.721]). Our model had slightly improved discrimination (0.714 [0.694–0.735], bootstrap optimism-corrected C-statistic: 0.709). Despite this good performance, predicted risk was low for the vast majority of participants, with 70% of participants having 10-year risk less than 0.0025. Conclusions: Although the models performed well for the prediction of incident RCC, they are currently insufficiently powerful to identify individuals at substantial risk of RCC in a general population. Impact: Despite the promising performance of the EPIC RCC risk prediction model, further development of the model, possibly including biomarkers of risk, is required to enable risk stratification of RCC.

Published
2021
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76. Blood metal levels and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk: a prospective cohort

Author

IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, Peters, Susan, Broberg, Karin, Gallo, Valentina, Levi, Michael, Kippler, Maria, Vineis, Paolo, Veldink, Jan, van den Berg, Leonard, Middleton, Lefkos, Travis, Ruth C, Bergmann, Manuela M, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Elbaz, Alexis, Vlaar, Tim, Mancini, Francesca, Kühn, Tilman, Katzke, Verena, Agudo, Antonio, Goñi, Fernando, Gómez, Jesús-Humberto, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, Merino, Susana, Barricarte, Aurelio, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Jenab, Mazda, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Vermeulen, Roel, IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, Peters, Susan, Broberg, Karin, Gallo, Valentina, Levi, Michael, Kippler, Maria, Vineis, Paolo, Veldink, Jan, van den Berg, Leonard, Middleton, Lefkos, Travis, Ruth C, Bergmann, Manuela M, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Elbaz, Alexis, Vlaar, Tim, Mancini, Francesca, Kühn, Tilman, Katzke, Verena, Agudo, Antonio, Goñi, Fernando, Gómez, Jesús-Humberto, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, Merino, Susana, Barricarte, Aurelio, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Jenab, Mazda, Weiderpass, Elisabete, and Vermeulen, Roel

Published
2021

77. Risk Prediction for Renal Cell Carcinoma:Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Prospective Cohort Study

Author

Singleton, Rosie K., Heath, Alicia K., Clasen, Joanna L., Scelo, Ghislaine, Johansson, Mattias, Le Calvez-Kelm, Florence, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Liedberg, Fredrik, Ljungberg, Borje, Harbs, Justin, Olsen, Anja, Tjonneland, Anne, Dahm, Christina C., Kaaks, Rudolf, Fortner, Renee T., Panico, Salvatore, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Masala, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Ricceri, Fulvio, Gram, Inger T., Santiuste, Carmen, Bonet, Catalina, Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel, Schulze, Mattias B., Bergmann, Manuela M., Travis, Ruth C., Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Riboli, Elio, Muller, David C., Singleton, Rosie K., Heath, Alicia K., Clasen, Joanna L., Scelo, Ghislaine, Johansson, Mattias, Le Calvez-Kelm, Florence, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Liedberg, Fredrik, Ljungberg, Borje, Harbs, Justin, Olsen, Anja, Tjonneland, Anne, Dahm, Christina C., Kaaks, Rudolf, Fortner, Renee T., Panico, Salvatore, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Masala, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Ricceri, Fulvio, Gram, Inger T., Santiuste, Carmen, Bonet, Catalina, Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel, Schulze, Mattias B., Bergmann, Manuela M., Travis, Ruth C., Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Riboli, Elio, and Muller, David C.

Abstract

Background: Early detection of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has the potential to improve disease outcomes. No screening program for sporadic RCC is in place. Given relatively low incidence, screening would need to focus on people at high risk of clinically meaningful disease so as to limit overdiagnosis and screen-detected false positives.Methods: Among 192,172 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort (including 588 incident RCC cases), we evaluated a published RCC risk prediction model (including age, sex, BMI, and smoking status) in terms of discrimination (C-statistic) and calibration (observed probability as a function of predicted probability). We used a flexible parametric survival model to develop an expanded model including age, sex, BMI, and smoking status, with the addition of self-reported history of hypertension and measured blood pressure.Results: The previously published model yielded well-calibrated probabilities and good discrimination (C-statistic [95% CI]: 0.699 [0.679-0.721]). Our model had slightly improved discrimination (0.714 [0.694-0.735], bootstrap optimism-corrected C-statistic: 0.709). Despite this good performance, predicted risk was low for the vast majority of participants, with 70% of participants having 10-year risk less than 0.0025.Conclusions: Although the models performed well for the prediction of incident RCC, they are currently insufficiently powerful to identify individuals at substantial risk of RCC in a general population.Impact: Despite the promising performance of the EPIC RCC risk prediction model, further development of the model, possibly including biomarkers of risk, is required to enable risk stratification of RCC.

Published
2021

78. Blood metal levels and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk: a prospective cohort

Author

Projectafdeling ALS, ZL Neuromusculaire Ziekten Medisch, Brain, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells, Planetary Health & Exposoom, Circulatory Health, Peters, Susan, Broberg, Karin, Gallo, Valentina, Levi, Michael, Kippler, Maria, Vineis, Paolo, Veldink, Jan, van den Berg, Leonard, Middleton, Lefkos, Travis, Ruth C, Bergmann, Manuela M, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Elbaz, Alexis, Vlaar, Tim, Mancini, Francesca, Kühn, Tilman, Katzke, Verena, Agudo, Antonio, Goñi, Fernando, Gómez, Jesús-Humberto, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, Merino, Susana, Barricarte, Aurelio, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Jenab, Mazda, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Vermeulen, Roel, Projectafdeling ALS, ZL Neuromusculaire Ziekten Medisch, Brain, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells, Planetary Health & Exposoom, Circulatory Health, Peters, Susan, Broberg, Karin, Gallo, Valentina, Levi, Michael, Kippler, Maria, Vineis, Paolo, Veldink, Jan, van den Berg, Leonard, Middleton, Lefkos, Travis, Ruth C, Bergmann, Manuela M, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Elbaz, Alexis, Vlaar, Tim, Mancini, Francesca, Kühn, Tilman, Katzke, Verena, Agudo, Antonio, Goñi, Fernando, Gómez, Jesús-Humberto, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, Merino, Susana, Barricarte, Aurelio, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Jenab, Mazda, Weiderpass, Elisabete, and Vermeulen, Roel

Published
2021

79. Level of education and the risk of lymphoma in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author

Hermann, Silke, Rohrmann, Sabine, Linseisen, Jakob, Nieters, Alexandra, Khan, Aneire, Gallo, Valentina, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Bergmann, Manuela M., Boeing, Heiner, Becker, Nikolaus, Kaaks, Rudolf, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H., May, Anne M., Vermeulen, Roel C. H., Bingham, Sheila, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Key, Timothy J., Travis, Ruth C., Trichopoulou, Antonia, Georgila, Christina, Triantafylou, Dimitra, Celentano, Egidio, Krogh, Vittorio, Masala, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Agudo, Antonio, Altzibar, Jone M., Ardanaz, Eva, Martínez-García, Carmen, Suárez, Marcial Vicente Argüelles, Tormo, Maria José, Braaten, Tonje, Lund, Eiliv, Manjer, Jonas, Zackrisson, Sophia, Hallmans, Göran, Malmer, Beatrice, Boffetta, Paolo, Brennan, Paul, Slimani, Nadia, Vineis, Paolo, and Riboli, Elio

Published
2010
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80. Lifestyle factors for the prevention of inflammatory bowel disease

Author

Lopes, Emily W, Chan, Simon S M, Song, Mingyang, Ludvigsson, Jonas F, Håkansson, Niclas, Lochhead, Paul, Clark, Allan, Burke, Kristin E, Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin N, Cross, Amanda J, Palli, Domenico, Bergmann, Manuela M, Richter, James M, Chan, Andrew T, Olén, Ola, Wolk, Alicja, and Khalili, Hamed

Abstract

ObjectiveTo estimate the proportion of cases of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) that could be prevented by modifiable lifestyle factors.DesignIn a prospective cohort study of US adults from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS; n=72 290), NHSII (n=93 909) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; n=41 871), we created modifiable risk scores (MRS; 0–6) for CD and UC based on established lifestyle risk factors, and healthy lifestyle scores (HLS; 0–9) derived from American healthy lifestyle recommendations. We calculated the population attributable risk by comparing the incidence of CD and UC between low-risk (CD-MRS≤1, UC-MRS≤2, HLS≥7) and high-risk groups. We externally validated our findings in three European cohorts: the Swedish Mammography Cohort (n=37 275), Cohort of Swedish Men (n=40 810) and European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (n=404 144).ResultsOver 5 117 021 person-years of follow-up (NHS, HPFS: 1986–2016; NHSII: 1991–2017), we documented 346 CD and 456 UC cases. Adherence to a low MRS could have prevented 42.9% (95% CI 12.2% to 66.1%) of CD and 44.4% (95% CI 9.0% to 69.8%) of UC cases. Similarly, adherence to a healthy lifestyle could have prevented 61.1% (95% CI 16.8% to 84.9%) of CD and 42.2% (95% CI 1.7% to 70.9%) of UC cases. In our validation cohorts, adherence to a low MRS and healthy lifestyle could have, respectively, prevented 43.9%–51.2% and 48.8%–60.4% of CD cases and 20.6%–27.8% and 46.8%–56.3% of UC cases.ConclusionsAcross six US and European cohorts, a substantial burden of inflammatory bowel diseases risk may be preventable through lifestyle modification.

Published
2023
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81. Soft Drink and Juice Consumption and Renal Cell Carcinoma Incidence and Mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Heath, Alicia K., primary, Clasen, Joanna L., additional, Jayanth, Nick P., additional, Jenab, Mazda, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Petersen, Kristina Elin Nielsen, additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Srour, Bernard, additional, Katzke, Verena, additional, Bergmann, Manuela M., additional, Schulze, Matthias B., additional, Masala, Giovanna, additional, Krogh, Vittorio, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Catalano, Alberto, additional, Pasanisi, Fabrizio, additional, Brustad, Magritt, additional, Olsen, Karina Standahl, additional, Skeie, Guri, additional, Luján-Barroso, Leila, additional, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, additional, Amiano, Pilar, additional, Santiuste, Carmen, additional, Barricarte Gurrea, Aurelio, additional, Axelson, Håkan, additional, Ramne, Stina, additional, Ljungberg, Börje, additional, Watts, Eleanor L., additional, Huybrechts, Inge, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, and Muller, David C., additional

Published
2021
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82. Risk Prediction for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Prospective Cohort Study

Author

Singleton, Rosie K., primary, Heath, Alicia K., additional, Clasen, Joanna L., additional, Scelo, Ghislaine, additional, Johansson, Mattias, additional, Calvez-Kelm, Florence Le, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Liedberg, Fredrik, additional, Ljungberg, Börje, additional, Harbs, Justin, additional, Olsen, Anja, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Dahm, Christina C., additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, Fortner, Renée T., additional, Panico, Salvatore, additional, Tagliabue, Giovanna, additional, Masala, Giovanna, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Ricceri, Fulvio, additional, Gram, Inger T., additional, Santiuste, Carmen, additional, Bonet, Catalina, additional, Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel, additional, Schulze, Mattias B., additional, Bergmann, Manuela M., additional, Travis, Ruth C., additional, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, and Muller, David C., additional

Published
2021
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83. The association of pattern of lifetime alcohol use and cause of death in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

Author

Bergmann, Manuela M, Rehm, Jürgen, Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin, Boeing, Heiner, Schütze, Madlen, Drogan, Dagmar, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Halkjær, Jytte, Fagherazzi, Guy, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Teucher, Birgit, Kaaks, Rudolph, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Benetou, Vassiliki, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Palli, Domenico, Pala, Valeria, Tumino, Rosario, Vineis, Paolo, Beulens, Joline WJ, Redondo, Maria Luisa, Duell, Eric J, Molina-Montes, Esther, Navarro, Carmen, Barricarte, Aurelio, Arriola, Larraitz, Allen, Naomi E, Crowe, Francesca L, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Romaguera, Dora, Wark, Petra A, Romieu, Isabelle, Nunes, Luciana, Riboli, Elio, and Ferrari, Pietro

Published
2013
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85. Circulating bilirubin levels and risk of colorectal cancer: serological and Mendelian randomization analyses

Author

Khoei, Nazlisadat Seyed, Jenab, Mazda, Murphy, Neil, Banbury, Barbara L., Carreras Torres, Robert, Viallon, Vivian, Kühn, Tilman, Bueno de Mesquita, H. Bas, Aleksandrova, Krasimira, Cross, Amanda J., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Stepien, Magdalena, Bulmer, Andrew, Tjønneland, Anne, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Severi, Gianluca, Carbonnel, Franck, Katzke, Verena, Boeing, Heiner, Bergmann, Manuela M., Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Martimianaki, Georgia, Palli, Domenico, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Skeie, Guri, Merino, Susana, Bonet Bonet, Catalina, Rodríguez Barranco, Miguel, Gil, Leire, Chirlaque, María Dolores, Ardanaz, Eva, Myte, Robin, Hultdin, Johan, Pérez Cornago, Aurora, Aune, Dagfinn, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Albanes, Demetrius, Baron, John A., Berndt, Sonja I., Bézieau, Stéphane, Brenner, Hermann, Campbell, Peter T., Casey, Graham, Chan, Andrew T., Chang Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Cotterchio, Michelle, Gallinger, Steven, Gruber, Stephen B., Haile, Robert W., Hampe, Jochen, Hoffmeister, Michael, Hopper, John L., Hsu, Li, Huyghe, Jeroen R., Jenkins, Mark A., Joshi, Amit D., Kampman, Ellen, Larsson, Susanna C., Marchand, Loïc Le, Li, Christopher I., Li, Li, Lindblom, Annika, Lindor, Noralane M., Martín Sánchez, Vicente, Moreno Aguado, Víctor, Newcomb, Polly A., Offit, Kenneth, Ogino, Shuji, Parfrey, Patrick S., Pharoah, Paul D. P., Rennert, Gad, Sakoda, Lori C., Schafmayer, Clemens, Schmit, Stephanie L., Schoen, Robert E., Slattery, Martha L., Thibodeau, Stephen N., Ulrich, Cornelia M., van Duijnhoven, Franzel J. B., Weigl, Korbinian, Weinstein, Stephanie J., White, Emily, Wolk, Alicja, Woods, Michael O., Wu, Anna H., Zhang, Xuehong, Ferrari, Pietro, Anton, Gabriele, Peters, Annette, Peters, Ulrike, Gunter, Marc J., Wagner, Karl-Heinz, Freisling, Heinz, Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and Pharoah, Paul [0000-0001-8494-732X]

Subjects
Adult, Male, Nutrition and Disease, Mendelian randomization analysis, lcsh:Medicine, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Antioxidants, Càncer colorectal, Risk Factors, Voeding en Ziekte, Humans, Prospective Studies, VLAG, Cancer, Aged, lcsh:R, Bilirubin, Middle Aged, Colorectal cancer, Europe, Case-Control Studies, Anti-oxidants, Female, Colorectal Neoplasms, Research Article
Abstract

Background: Bilirubin, a byproduct of hemoglobin breakdown and purported anti-oxidant, is thought to be cancer preventive. We conducted complementary serological and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate whether alterations in circulating levels of bilirubin are associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We decided a priori to perform analyses separately in men and women based on suggestive evidence that associations may differ by sex. Methods: In a case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), pre-diagnostic unconjugated bilirubin (UCB, the main component of total bilirubin) concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in plasma samples of 1386 CRC cases and their individually matched controls. Additionally, 115 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly associated (P < 5 × 10−8) with circulating total bilirubin were instrumented in a 2-sample MR to test for a potential causal effect of bilirubin on CRC risk in 52,775 CRC cases and 45,940 matched controls in the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium (GECCO), the Colon Cancer Family Registry (CCFR), and the Colorectal Transdisciplinary (CORECT) study. Results: The associations between circulating UCB levels and CRC risk differed by sex (Pheterogeneity = 0.008). Among men, higher levels of UCB were positively associated with CRC risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04–1.36; per 1-SD increment of log-UCB). In women, an inverse association was observed (OR = 0.86 (0.76–0.97)). In the MR analysis of the main UGT1A1 SNP (rs6431625), genetically predicted higher levels of total bilirubin were associated with a 7% increase in CRC risk in men (OR = 1.07 (1.02–1.12); P = 0.006; per 1-SD increment of total bilirubin), while there was no association in women (OR = 1.01 (0.96–1.06); P = 0.73). Raised bilirubin levels, predicted by instrumental variables excluding rs6431625, were suggestive of an inverse association with CRC in men, but not in women. These differences by sex did not reach formal statistical significance (Pheterogeneity ≥ 0.2). Conclusions: Additional insight into the relationship between circulating bilirubin and CRC is needed in order to conclude on a potential causal role of bilirubin in CRC development.

Published
2020

86. Additional file 1 of Circulating bilirubin levels and risk of colorectal cancer: serological and Mendelian randomization analyses

Author

Nazlisadat Seyed Khoei, Mazda Jenab, Murphy, Neil, Banbury, Barbara L., Carreras-Torres, Robert, Viallon, Vivian, Kühn, Tilman, Bueno-De-Mesquita, Bas, Aleksandrova, Krasimira, Cross, Amanda J., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Stepien, Magdalena, Bulmer, Andrew, Tjønneland, Anne, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Severi, Gianluca, Carbonnel, Franck, Katzke, Verena, Boeing, Heiner, Bergmann, Manuela M., Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Martimianaki, Georgia, Palli, Domenico, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Skeie, Guri, Merino, Susana, Bonet, Catalina, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, Gil, Leire, Maria-Dolores Chirlaque, Ardanaz, Eva, Myte, Robin, Hultdin, Johan, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Aune, Dagfinn, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Albanes, Demetrius, Baron, John A., Berndt, Sonja I., Bézieau, Stéphane, Brenner, Hermann, Campbell, Peter T., Casey, Graham, Chan, Andrew T., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Cotterchio, Michelle, Gallinger, Steven, Gruber, Stephen B., Haile, Robert W., Hampe, Jochen, Hoffmeister, Michael, Hopper, John L., Hsu, Li, Huyghe, Jeroen R., Jenkins, Mark A., Joshi, Amit D., Kampman, Ellen, Larsson, Susanna C., Loic Le Marchand, Li, Christopher I., Li, Li, Lindblom, Annika, Noralane M. Lindor, Martín, Vicente, Moreno, Victor, Newcomb, Polly A., Offit, Kenneth, Ogino, Shuji, Parfrey, Patrick S., Pharoah, Paul D. P., Rennert, Gad, Sakoda, Lori C., Schafmayer, Clemens, Schmit, Stephanie L., Schoen, Robert E., Slattery, Martha L., Thibodeau, Stephen N., Ulrich, Cornelia M., Franzel J. B. Van Duijnhoven, Weigl, Korbinian, Weinstein, Stephanie J., White, Emily, Wolk, Alicja, Woods, Michael O., Wu, Anna H., Xuehong Zhang, Ferrari, Pietro, Anton, Gabriele, Peters, Annette, Peters, Ulrike, Gunter, Marc J., Karl-Heinz Wagner, and Freisling, Heinz

Abstract

Additional file 1 Supplementary tables 1–6, supplementary figures 1–3, supplementary text 1. Suppl. table 1 - Summary statistics for the genetic association with bilirubin levels, and sex-stratified colorectal cancer risk. Suppl. table 2 - Participating studies in the genetic consortia (GECCO/ CCFR/ and CORECT). Suppl. table 3 - Associations between unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) levels and colorectal cancer risk after different sensitivity analyses in the EPIC study. Suppl. table 4 - Results for the Mendelian randomization sensitivity analyses. Suppl. table 5 - Results for the Mendelian randomization sensitivity analyses: positive control outcomes for pancreatic cancer. Suppl. table 6 - Results for genome-wide associations of instruments with other phenotypes. Suppl. figure 1 - Cubic spline modeling of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) levels in relation to colorectal cancer risk in the EPIC study. Suppl. figure 2 - Association between UGT1A1 polymorphism (rs6431625) and unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) levels in the EPIC study (with available GWAS data). Suppl. figure 3 - Directed acyclic graph (DAG) of the causal structure of associations between unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) levels in relation to colorectal cancer risk in the EPIC study. Suppl. text 1 - Specific funding sources and acknowledgements of participating studies.

Published
2020
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87. Fitting portion sizes in a self-administered food frequency questionnaire

Author

Nothlings, Ute, Hoffmann, Kurt, Bergmann, Manuela M., and Boeing, Heiner

Subjects
Food habits -- Demographic aspects, Food habits -- Surveys, Food habits -- Measurement, Food portions -- Measurement, Food/cooking/nutrition
Abstract

For epidemiological studies, a simple semiquantitative FFQ was developed to assess the frequency of intake of food items demonstrated with graphically displayed portion sizes. As a validation study, a random sample of 393 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study completed 2 unannounced 24-h dietary recalls (24HDR) and the FFQ during 1 y. To calculate food and nutrient intakes, we compared the use of fitted portion sizes with the use of predefined portion sizes. Fitted portion sizes were calculated by summing food intakes over the 2 24HDR and dividing the sum by the frequency of intake reported in the FFQ for each FFQ food item, leading to similar mean intakes for FFQ and 24HDR. As predefined portion sizes, amounts that had been used in previous dietary assessments in EPIC Potsdam were used. Mean intake of 12 food groups was 102% for men or women with fitted portion sizes and 79% for men and 95% for women with predefined portion sizes of intake measured with 2 24HDR. However, deattenuated, energyadjusted correlation coefficients between FFQ and 24HDR were not better for 19 nutrients by the use of fitted portion sizes, with a mean correlation coefficient of 0.53 for men and 0.56 for women. Mean correlation coefficients for food groups also were similar for fitted and predefined portion sizes. Fitting portion sizes using recent reference data from a random sample of study participants improved the quantitative assessment of food and nutrient intake, but not ranking of study participants, compared with predefining portion sizes based on prior knowledge. J. Nutr. 137: 2781-2786, 2007.

Published
2007

88. A food pattern predicting prospective weight change is associated with risk of fatal but not with nonfatal cardiovascular disease

Author

Drogan, Dagmar, Hoffmann, Kurt, Schulz, Mandy, Bergmann, Manuela M., Boeing, Heiner, and Weikert, Cornelia

Subjects
Cardiovascular diseases -- Risk factors, Food habits -- Health aspects, Body weight -- Health aspects, Body weight -- Complications and side effects, Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Food/cooking/nutrition
Abstract

Recently, a food pattern predictive for prospective weight change was identified within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam cohort. Given the possible impact of weight change on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, we examined the association between the above mentioned food pattern and risk of CVD. The analyzed food pattern was defined by a high consumption of whole-grain bread, fruits, fruit juices, grain flakes and/or cereals, and raw vegetables, and a low consumption of processed meat, butter, high-fat cheese, margarine, and meat other than poultry. The associations between quartiles of the food pattern score and CVD morbidity and mortality were examined in 26,238 subjects of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam cohort using a Cox's Proportional Hazards model for competing risks. During 6.4 y of follow-up, 379 incident cases of CVD were identified, of which 68 were fatal events. The food pattern was not associated with risk of nonfatal CVD. After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, the hazard ratios for fatal CVD across increasing quartiles of the score were 1.00, 0.85, 0.31, and 0.47, respectively (P for trend = 0.016). The association of the food pattern with CVD risk differed between fatal and nonfatal events (P for difference = 0.05). These findings from a large German cohort indicate that a food pattern predicting prospective weight change may be associated with the risk of fatal CVD.

Published
2007

89. Blood pressure and risk of cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Christakoudi, Sofia, Kakourou, Artemisia, Markozannes, Georgios, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Brennan, Paul, Gunter, Marc, Dahm, Christina C., Overvad, Kim, Olsen, Anja, Tjonneland, Anne, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Madika, Anne-Laure, Severi, Gianluca, Katzke, Verena, Kuehn, Tilman, Bergmann, Manuela M., Boeing, Heiner, Karakatsani, Anna, Martimianaki, Georgia, Thriskos, Paschalis, Masala, Giovanna, Sieri, Sabina, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Ricceri, Fulvio, Agudo, Antonio, Redondo-Sanchez, Daniel, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M., Mokoroa, Olatz, Melander, Ole, Stocks, Tanja, Häggström, Christel, Harlid, Sophia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, van Gils, Carla H., Vermeulen, Roel Ch, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas J., Tong, Tammy Y. N., Freisling, Heinz, Johansson, Mattias, Lennon, Hannah, AUne, Dagfinn, Ribolil, Elio, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Christakoudi, Sofia, Kakourou, Artemisia, Markozannes, Georgios, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Brennan, Paul, Gunter, Marc, Dahm, Christina C., Overvad, Kim, Olsen, Anja, Tjonneland, Anne, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Madika, Anne-Laure, Severi, Gianluca, Katzke, Verena, Kuehn, Tilman, Bergmann, Manuela M., Boeing, Heiner, Karakatsani, Anna, Martimianaki, Georgia, Thriskos, Paschalis, Masala, Giovanna, Sieri, Sabina, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Ricceri, Fulvio, Agudo, Antonio, Redondo-Sanchez, Daniel, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M., Mokoroa, Olatz, Melander, Ole, Stocks, Tanja, Häggström, Christel, Harlid, Sophia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, van Gils, Carla H., Vermeulen, Roel Ch, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas J., Tong, Tammy Y. N., Freisling, Heinz, Johansson, Mattias, Lennon, Hannah, AUne, Dagfinn, Ribolil, Elio, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Trichopoulou, Antonia, and Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.

Abstract

Several studies have reported associations of hypertension with cancer, but not all results were conclusive. We examined the association of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure with the development of incident cancer at all anatomical sites in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals) were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, stratified by EPIC-participating center and age at recruitment, and adjusted for sex, education, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, diabetes and dietary (in women also reproductive) factors. The study included 307,318 men and women, with an average follow-up of 13.7 (standard deviation 4.4) years and 39,298 incident cancers. We confirmed the expected positive association with renal cell carcinoma: HR = 1.12 (1.08-1.17) per 10 mm Hg higher SBP and HR = 1.23 (1.14-1.32) for DBP. We additionally found positive associations for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): HR = 1.16 (1.07-1.26) (SBP), HR = 1.31 (1.13-1.51) (DBP), weaker for head and neck cancers: HR = 1.08 (1.04-1.12) (SBP), HR = 1.09 (1.01-1.17) (DBP) and, similarly, for skin SCC, colon cancer, postmenopausal breast cancer and uterine adenocarcinoma (AC), but not for esophageal AC, lung SCC, lung AC or uterine endometroid cancer. We observed weak inverse associations of SBP with cervical SCC: HR = 0.91 (0.82-1.00) and lymphomas: HR = 0.97 (0.93-1.00). There were no consistent associations with cancers in other locations. Our results are largely compatible with published studies and support weak associations of blood pressure with cancers in specific locations and morphologies.

Published
2020
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90. Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease : a pan-European cohort study

Author

Sieri, Sabina, Agnoli, Claudia, Grioni, Sara, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Mattiello, Amalia, Sluijs, Ivonne, Sanchez, Maria Jose, Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre, Sweeting, Michael, van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Nilsson, Lena Maria, Wennberg, Patrik, Katzke, Verena A., Kuhn, Tilman, Overvad, Kim, Tong, Tammy Y. N., Conchi, Moreno-Iribas, Ramon Quiros, Jose, Manuel Garcia-Torrecillas, Juan, Mokoroa, Olatz, Gomez, Jesus-Humberto, Tjonneland, Anne, Sonestedt, Emiliy, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Valanou, Elissavet, Boer, Jolanda M. A., Verschuren, W. M. Monique, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Madika, Anne-Laure, Bergmann, Manuela M., Schulze, Matthias B., Ferrari, Pietro, Freisling, Heinz, Lennon, Hannah, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Masala, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Riboli, Elio, Wareham, Nicholas J., Danesh, John, Forouhi, Nita G., Butterworth, Adam S., Krogh, Vittorio, Sieri, Sabina, Agnoli, Claudia, Grioni, Sara, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Mattiello, Amalia, Sluijs, Ivonne, Sanchez, Maria Jose, Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre, Sweeting, Michael, van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Nilsson, Lena Maria, Wennberg, Patrik, Katzke, Verena A., Kuhn, Tilman, Overvad, Kim, Tong, Tammy Y. N., Conchi, Moreno-Iribas, Ramon Quiros, Jose, Manuel Garcia-Torrecillas, Juan, Mokoroa, Olatz, Gomez, Jesus-Humberto, Tjonneland, Anne, Sonestedt, Emiliy, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Valanou, Elissavet, Boer, Jolanda M. A., Verschuren, W. M. Monique, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Madika, Anne-Laure, Bergmann, Manuela M., Schulze, Matthias B., Ferrari, Pietro, Freisling, Heinz, Lennon, Hannah, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Masala, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Riboli, Elio, Wareham, Nicholas J., Danesh, John, Forouhi, Nita G., Butterworth, Adam S., and Krogh, Vittorio

Abstract

Background: High carbohydrate intake raises blood triglycerides, glucose, and insulin; reduces HDLs; and may increase risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Epidemiological studies indicate that high dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased CHD risk. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary GI, GL, and available carbohydrates are associated with CHD risk in both sexes. Methods: This large prospective study-the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-consisted of 338,325 participants who completed a dietary questionnaire. HRs with 95% CIs for a CHD event, in relation to intake of GI, GL, and carbohydrates, were estimated using covariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models. Results: After 12.8 y (median), 6378 participants had experienced a CHD event. High GL was associated with greater CHD risk [HR 1.16 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.31) highest vs. lowest quintile, p-trend 0.035; HR 1.18 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.29) per 50 g/day of GL intake]. The association between GL and CHD risk was evident in subjects with BMI (in kg/m(2)) >= 25 [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.35) per 50 g/d] but not in those with BMI <25 [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.22) per 50 g/d) (P-interaction = 0.022). The GL-CHD association did not differ between men [HR: 1.19 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.30) per 50 g/d] and women [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.40) per 50 g/d] (test for interaction not significant). GI was associated with CHD risk only in the continuous model [HR: 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) per 5 units/d]. High available carbohydrate was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.18) per 50 g/d]. High sugar intake was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.17) per 50 g/d]. Conclusions: This large pan-European study provides robust additional support for the hypothesis that a diet that induces a high glucose response is associated with greater CHD risk.

Published
2020
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91. Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Parkinson's Disease : Data from a Large Prospective European Cohort

Author

Peters, Susan, Gallo, Valentina, Vineis, Paolo, Middleton, Lefkos T., Forsgren, Lars, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Sieri, Sabina, Kyrozis, Andreas, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Zamora-Ros, Raul, Hansson, Oskar, Petersson, Jesper, Katzke, Verena, Kuehn, Tilman, Mokoroa, Olatz, Masala, Giovanna, Ardanaz, Eva, Panico, Salvatore, Bergmann, Manuela M., Key, Timothy J., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Ferrari, Pietro, Vermeulen, Roel, Peters, Susan, Gallo, Valentina, Vineis, Paolo, Middleton, Lefkos T., Forsgren, Lars, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Sieri, Sabina, Kyrozis, Andreas, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Zamora-Ros, Raul, Hansson, Oskar, Petersson, Jesper, Katzke, Verena, Kuehn, Tilman, Mokoroa, Olatz, Masala, Giovanna, Ardanaz, Eva, Panico, Salvatore, Bergmann, Manuela M., Key, Timothy J., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Ferrari, Pietro, and Vermeulen, Roel

Abstract

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) etiology is not well understood. Reported inverse associations with smoking and coffee consumption prompted the investigation of alcohol consumption as a risk factor, for which evidence is inconclusive. Objective: To assess the associations between alcohol consumption and PD risk. Methods: Within NeuroEPIC4PD, a prospective European population‐based cohort, 694 incident PD cases were ascertained from 209,998 PD‐free participants. Average alcohol consumption at different time points was self‐reported at recruitment. Cox regression hazard ratios were estimated for alcohol consumption and PD occurrence. Results: No associations between baseline or lifetime total alcohol consumption and PD risk were observed. Men with moderate lifetime consumption (5–29.9 g/day) were at ~50% higher risk compared with light consumption (0.1–4.9 g/day), but no linear exposure–response trend was observed. Analyses by beverage type also revealed no associations with PD. Conclusion: Our data reinforce previous findings from prospective studies showing no association between alcohol consumption and PD risk.

Published
2020
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92. Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: Data from a Large Prospective European Cohort

Author

IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, Peters, Susan, Gallo, Valentina, Vineis, Paolo, Middleton, Lefkos T, Forsgren, Lars, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Sieri, Sabina, Kyrozis, Andreas, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Zamora-Ros, Raul, Hansson, Oskar, Petersson, Jesper, Katzke, Verena, Kühn, Tilman, Mokoroa, Olatz, Masala, Giovanna, Ardanaz, Eva, Panico, Salvatore, Bergmann, Manuela M, Key, Timothy J, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Ferrari, Pietro, Vermeulen, Roel, IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, Peters, Susan, Gallo, Valentina, Vineis, Paolo, Middleton, Lefkos T, Forsgren, Lars, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Sieri, Sabina, Kyrozis, Andreas, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Zamora-Ros, Raul, Hansson, Oskar, Petersson, Jesper, Katzke, Verena, Kühn, Tilman, Mokoroa, Olatz, Masala, Giovanna, Ardanaz, Eva, Panico, Salvatore, Bergmann, Manuela M, Key, Timothy J, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Ferrari, Pietro, and Vermeulen, Roel

Published
2020

93. Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease:A pan-European cohort study

Author

Sieri, Sabina, Agnoli, Claudia, Grioni, Sara, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Mattiello, Amalia, Sluijs, Ivonne, Sanchez, Maria Jose, Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre, Sweeting, Michael, van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Nilsson, Lena Maria, Wennberg, Patrik, Katzke, Verena A., Kühn, Tilman, Overvad, Kim, Tong, Tammy Y.N., Conchi, Moreno Iribas, Quirós, José Ramón, García-Torrecillas, Juan Manuel, Mokoroa, Olatz, Gómez, Jesús Humberto, Tjønneland, Anne, Sonestedt, Emiliy, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Valanou, Elissavet, Boer, Jolanda M.A., Monique Verschuren, W. M., Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Madika, Anne Laure, Bergmann, Manuela M., Schulze, Matthias B., Ferrari, Pietro, Freisling, Heinz, Lennon, Hannah, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Masala, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Riboli, Elio, Wareham, Nicholas J., Danesh, John, Forouhi, Nita G., Butterworth, Adam S., Krogh, Vittorio, Sieri, Sabina, Agnoli, Claudia, Grioni, Sara, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Mattiello, Amalia, Sluijs, Ivonne, Sanchez, Maria Jose, Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre, Sweeting, Michael, van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Nilsson, Lena Maria, Wennberg, Patrik, Katzke, Verena A., Kühn, Tilman, Overvad, Kim, Tong, Tammy Y.N., Conchi, Moreno Iribas, Quirós, José Ramón, García-Torrecillas, Juan Manuel, Mokoroa, Olatz, Gómez, Jesús Humberto, Tjønneland, Anne, Sonestedt, Emiliy, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Valanou, Elissavet, Boer, Jolanda M.A., Monique Verschuren, W. M., Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Madika, Anne Laure, Bergmann, Manuela M., Schulze, Matthias B., Ferrari, Pietro, Freisling, Heinz, Lennon, Hannah, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Masala, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Riboli, Elio, Wareham, Nicholas J., Danesh, John, Forouhi, Nita G., Butterworth, Adam S., and Krogh, Vittorio

Abstract

Background: High carbohydrate intake raises blood triglycerides, glucose, and insulin; reduces HDLs; and may increase risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Epidemiological studies indicate that high dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased CHD risk. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary GI, GL, and available carbohydrates are associated with CHD risk in both sexes. Methods: This large prospective study-the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-consisted of 338,325 participants who completed a dietary questionnaire. HRs with 95% CIs for a CHD event, in relation to intake of GI, GL, and carbohydrates, were estimated using covariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models. Results: After 12.8 y (median), 6378 participants had experienced a CHD event. High GL was associated with greater CHD risk [HR 1.16 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.31) highest vs. lowest quintile, p-trend 0.035; HR 1.18 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.29) per 50 g/day of GL intake]. The association between GL and CHD risk was evident in subjects with BMI (in kg/m2) =25 [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.35) per 50 g/d] but not in those with BMI <25 [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.22) per 50 g/d) (P-interaction = 0.022). The GL-CHD association did not differ between men [HR: 1.19 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.30) per 50 g/d] and women [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.40) per 50 g/d] (test for interaction not significant). GI was associated with CHD risk only in the continuous model [HR: 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) per 5 units/d]. High available carbohydrate was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.18) per 50 g/d]. High sugar intake was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.17) per 50 g/d]. Conclusions: This large pan-European study provides robust additional support for the hypothesis that a diet that induces a high glucose response is associated with greater CHD risk.

Published
2020

94. Association between nutritional profiles of foods underlying Nutri-Score front-of-pack labels and mortality:EPIC cohort study in 10 European countries

Author

Deschasaux, Mélanie, Huybrechts, Inge, Julia, Chantal, Hercberg, Serge, Egnell, Manon, Srour, Bernard, Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle, Latino-Martel, Paule, Biessy, Carine, Casagrande, Corinne, Murphy, Neil, Jenab, Mazda, Ward, Heather A., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Rostgaard-Hansen, Agnetha Linn, Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Mancini, Francesca Romana, Mahamat-Saleh, Yahya, Kühn, Tilman, Katzke, Verena, Bergmann, Manuela M., Schulze, Matthias B., Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Peppa, Eleni, Masala, Giovanna, Agnoli, Claudia, De Magistris, Maria Santucci, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Boer, Jolanda Ma, Verschuren, Wm Monique, van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Skeie, Guri, Braaten, Tonje, Redondo, M. Luisa, Agudo, Antonio, Petrova, Dafina, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M., Barricarte, Aurelio, Amiano, Pilar, Sonestedt, Emily, Ericson, Ulrika, Otten, Julia, Sundström, Björn, Wareham, Nicholas J., Forouhi, Nita G., Vineis, Paolo, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Knuppel, Anika, Papier, Keren, Ferrari, Pietro, Riboli, Elio, Gunter, Marc J., Touvier, Mathilde, Deschasaux, Mélanie, Huybrechts, Inge, Julia, Chantal, Hercberg, Serge, Egnell, Manon, Srour, Bernard, Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle, Latino-Martel, Paule, Biessy, Carine, Casagrande, Corinne, Murphy, Neil, Jenab, Mazda, Ward, Heather A., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Rostgaard-Hansen, Agnetha Linn, Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Mancini, Francesca Romana, Mahamat-Saleh, Yahya, Kühn, Tilman, Katzke, Verena, Bergmann, Manuela M., Schulze, Matthias B., Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Peppa, Eleni, Masala, Giovanna, Agnoli, Claudia, De Magistris, Maria Santucci, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Boer, Jolanda Ma, Verschuren, Wm Monique, van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Skeie, Guri, Braaten, Tonje, Redondo, M. Luisa, Agudo, Antonio, Petrova, Dafina, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M., Barricarte, Aurelio, Amiano, Pilar, Sonestedt, Emily, Ericson, Ulrika, Otten, Julia, Sundström, Björn, Wareham, Nicholas J., Forouhi, Nita G., Vineis, Paolo, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Knuppel, Anika, Papier, Keren, Ferrari, Pietro, Riboli, Elio, Gunter, Marc J., and Touvier, Mathilde

Abstract

Objective: To determine if the Food Standards Agency nutrient profiling system (FSAm-NPS), which grades the nutritional quality of food products and is used to derive the Nutri-Score front-of-packet label to guide consumers towards healthier food choices, is associated with mortality. Design: Population based cohort study. Setting: European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort from 23 centres in 10 European countries. Participants: 521 324 adults; at recruitment, country specific and validated dietary questionnaires were used to assess their usual dietary intakes. A FSAm-NPS score was calculated for each food item per 100 g content of energy, sugars, saturated fatty acids, sodium, fibre, and protein, and of fruit, vegetables, legumes, and nuts. The FSAm-NPS dietary index was calculated for each participant as an energy weighted mean of the FSAm-NPS score of all foods consumed. The higher the score the lower the overall nutritional quality of the diet. Main outcome measure: Associations between the FSAm-NPS dietary index score and mortality, assessed using multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results: After exclusions, 501 594 adults (median follow-up 17.2 years, 8 162 730 person years) were included in the analyses. Those with a higher FSAm-NPS dietary index score (highest versus lowest fifth) showed an increased risk of all cause mortality (n=53 112 events from non-external causes; hazard ratio 1.07, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.10, P<0.001 for trend) and mortality from cancer (1.08, 1.03 to 1.13, P<0.001 for trend) and diseases of the circulatory (1.04, 0.98 to 1.11, P=0.06 for trend), respiratory (1.39, 1.22 to 1.59, P<0.001), and digestive (1.22, 1.02 to 1.45, P=0.03 for trend) systems. The age standardised absolute rates for all cause mortality per 10 000 persons over 10 years were 760 (men=1237; women=563) for

Published
2020

95. Circulating bilirubin levels and risk of colorectal cancer:serological and Mendelian randomization analyses

Author

Seyed Khoei, Nazlisadat, Jenab, Mazda, Murphy, Neil, Banbury, Barbara L., Carreras-Torres, Robert, Viallon, Vivian, Kühn, Tilman, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, Aleksandrova, Krasimira, Cross, Amanda J., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Stepien, Magdalena, Bulmer, Andrew, Tjønneland, Anne, Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Severi, Gianluca, Carbonnel, Franck, Katzke, Verena, Boeing, Heiner, Bergmann, Manuela M., Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Martimianaki, Georgia, Palli, Domenico, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Skeie, Guri, Merino, Susana, Bonet, Catalina, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, Gil, Leire, Chirlaque, Maria Dolores, Ardanaz, Eva, Myte, Robin, Hultdin, Johan, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Aune, Dagfinn, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Albanes, Demetrius, Baron, John A., Berndt, Sonja I., Bézieau, Stéphane, Brenner, Hermann, Campbell, Peter T., Casey, Graham, Chan, Andrew T., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Cotterchio, Michelle, Gallinger, Steven, Gruber, Stephen B., Haile, Robert W., Hampe, Jochen, Hoffmeister, Michael, Hopper, John L., Hsu, Li, Huyghe, Jeroen R., Jenkins, Mark A., Joshi, Amit D., Kampman, Ellen, Larsson, Susanna C., Le Marchand, Loic, Li, Christopher I., Li, Li, Lindblom, Annika, Lindor, Noralane M., Martín, Vicente, Moreno, Victor, Newcomb, Polly A., Offit, Kenneth, Ogino, Shuji, Parfrey, Patrick S., Pharoah, Paul D.P., Rennert, Gad, Sakoda, Lori C., Schafmayer, Clemens, Schmit, Stephanie L., Schoen, Robert E., Slattery, Martha L., Thibodeau, Stephen N., Ulrich, Cornelia M., van Duijnhoven, Franzel J.B., Weigl, Korbinian, Weinstein, Stephanie J., White, Emily, Wolk, Alicja, Woods, Michael O., Wu, Anna H., Zhang, Xuehong, Ferrari, Pietro, Anton, Gabriele, Peters, Annette, Peters, Ulrike, Gunter, Marc J., Wagner, Karl Heinz, Freisling, Heinz, Seyed Khoei, Nazlisadat, Jenab, Mazda, Murphy, Neil, Banbury, Barbara L., Carreras-Torres, Robert, Viallon, Vivian, Kühn, Tilman, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, Aleksandrova, Krasimira, Cross, Amanda J., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Stepien, Magdalena, Bulmer, Andrew, Tjønneland, Anne, Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Severi, Gianluca, Carbonnel, Franck, Katzke, Verena, Boeing, Heiner, Bergmann, Manuela M., Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Martimianaki, Georgia, Palli, Domenico, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Skeie, Guri, Merino, Susana, Bonet, Catalina, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, Gil, Leire, Chirlaque, Maria Dolores, Ardanaz, Eva, Myte, Robin, Hultdin, Johan, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Aune, Dagfinn, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Albanes, Demetrius, Baron, John A., Berndt, Sonja I., Bézieau, Stéphane, Brenner, Hermann, Campbell, Peter T., Casey, Graham, Chan, Andrew T., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Cotterchio, Michelle, Gallinger, Steven, Gruber, Stephen B., Haile, Robert W., Hampe, Jochen, Hoffmeister, Michael, Hopper, John L., Hsu, Li, Huyghe, Jeroen R., Jenkins, Mark A., Joshi, Amit D., Kampman, Ellen, Larsson, Susanna C., Le Marchand, Loic, Li, Christopher I., Li, Li, Lindblom, Annika, Lindor, Noralane M., Martín, Vicente, Moreno, Victor, Newcomb, Polly A., Offit, Kenneth, Ogino, Shuji, Parfrey, Patrick S., Pharoah, Paul D.P., Rennert, Gad, Sakoda, Lori C., Schafmayer, Clemens, Schmit, Stephanie L., Schoen, Robert E., Slattery, Martha L., Thibodeau, Stephen N., Ulrich, Cornelia M., van Duijnhoven, Franzel J.B., Weigl, Korbinian, Weinstein, Stephanie J., White, Emily, Wolk, Alicja, Woods, Michael O., Wu, Anna H., Zhang, Xuehong, Ferrari, Pietro, Anton, Gabriele, Peters, Annette, Peters, Ulrike, Gunter, Marc J., Wagner, Karl Heinz, and Freisling, Heinz

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Bilirubin, a byproduct of hemoglobin breakdown and purported anti-oxidant, is thought to be cancer preventive. We conducted complementary serological and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate whether alterations in circulating levels of bilirubin are associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We decided a priori to perform analyses separately in men and women based on suggestive evidence that associations may differ by sex. METHODS: In a case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), pre-diagnostic unconjugated bilirubin (UCB, the main component of total bilirubin) concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in plasma samples of 1386 CRC cases and their individually matched controls. Additionally, 115 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly associated (P < 5 × 10-8) with circulating total bilirubin were instrumented in a 2-sample MR to test for a potential causal effect of bilirubin on CRC risk in 52,775 CRC cases and 45,940 matched controls in the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium (GECCO), the Colon Cancer Family Registry (CCFR), and the Colorectal Transdisciplinary (CORECT) study. RESULTS: The associations between circulating UCB levels and CRC risk differed by sex (Pheterogeneity = 0.008). Among men, higher levels of UCB were positively associated with CRC risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04-1.36; per 1-SD increment of log-UCB). In women, an inverse association was observed (OR = 0.86 (0.76-0.97)). In the MR analysis of the main UGT1A1 SNP (rs6431625), genetically predicted higher levels of total bilirubin were associated with a 7% increase in CRC risk in men (OR = 1.07 (1.02-1.12); P = 0.006; per 1-SD increment of total bilirubin), while there was no association in women (OR = 1.01 (0.96-1.06); P = 0.73). Raised bilirubin levels, predicted by instrumental variables excluding rs64316

Published
2020

96. Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease: a pan-European cohort study

Author

Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 1, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, UMC Utrecht, Public Health Epidemiologie, Sieri, Sabina, Agnoli, Claudia, Grioni, Sara, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Mattiello, Amalia, Sluijs, Ivonne, Sanchez, Maria Jose, Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre, Sweeting, Michael, van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Nilsson, Lena Maria, Wennberg, Patrik, Katzke, Verena A., Kuhn, Tilman, Overvad, Kim, Tong, Tammy Y. N., Conchi, Moreno-Iribas, Ramon Quiros, Jose, Manuel Garcia-Torrecillas, Juan, Mokoroa, Olatz, Gomez, Jesus-Humberto, Tjonneland, Anne, Sonestedt, Emiliy, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Valanou, Elissavet, Boer, Jolanda M. A., Verschuren, W. M. Monique, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Madika, Anne-Laure, Bergmann, Manuela M., Schulze, Matthias B., Ferrari, Pietro, Freisling, Heinz, Lennon, Hannah, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Masala, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Riboli, Elio, Wareham, Nicholas J., Danesh, John, Forouhi, Nita G., Butterworth, Adam S., Krogh, Vittorio, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 1, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, UMC Utrecht, Public Health Epidemiologie, Sieri, Sabina, Agnoli, Claudia, Grioni, Sara, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Mattiello, Amalia, Sluijs, Ivonne, Sanchez, Maria Jose, Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre, Sweeting, Michael, van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Nilsson, Lena Maria, Wennberg, Patrik, Katzke, Verena A., Kuhn, Tilman, Overvad, Kim, Tong, Tammy Y. N., Conchi, Moreno-Iribas, Ramon Quiros, Jose, Manuel Garcia-Torrecillas, Juan, Mokoroa, Olatz, Gomez, Jesus-Humberto, Tjonneland, Anne, Sonestedt, Emiliy, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Valanou, Elissavet, Boer, Jolanda M. A., Verschuren, W. M. Monique, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Madika, Anne-Laure, Bergmann, Manuela M., Schulze, Matthias B., Ferrari, Pietro, Freisling, Heinz, Lennon, Hannah, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Masala, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Riboli, Elio, Wareham, Nicholas J., Danesh, John, Forouhi, Nita G., Butterworth, Adam S., and Krogh, Vittorio

Published
2020

97. Blood pressure and risk of cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

MS MDL 1, Epi Kanker Team A, Cancer, JC onderzoeksprogramma Kanker, Public Health Practice, Christakoudi, Sofia, Kakourou, Artemisia, Markozannes, Georgios, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Brennan, Paul, Gunter, Marc, Dahm, Christina C, Overvad, Kim, Olsen, Anja, Tjønneland, Anne, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Madika, Anne-Laure, Severi, Gianluca, Katzke, Verena, Kühn, Tilman, Bergmann, Manuela M, Boeing, Heiner, Karakatsani, Anna, Martimianaki, Georgia, Thriskos, Paschalis, Masala, Giovanna, Sieri, Sabina, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Ricceri, Fulvio, Agudo, Antonio, Redondo-Sánchez, Daniel, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M, Mokoroa, Olatz, Melander, Olle, Stocks, Tanja, Häggström, Christel, Harlid, Sophia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, van Gils, Carla H, Vermeulen, Roel C H, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas J, Tong, Tammy Y N, Freisling, Heinz, Johansson, Mattias, Lennon, Hannah, Aune, Dagfinn, Riboli, Elio, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, MS MDL 1, Epi Kanker Team A, Cancer, JC onderzoeksprogramma Kanker, Public Health Practice, Christakoudi, Sofia, Kakourou, Artemisia, Markozannes, Georgios, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Brennan, Paul, Gunter, Marc, Dahm, Christina C, Overvad, Kim, Olsen, Anja, Tjønneland, Anne, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Madika, Anne-Laure, Severi, Gianluca, Katzke, Verena, Kühn, Tilman, Bergmann, Manuela M, Boeing, Heiner, Karakatsani, Anna, Martimianaki, Georgia, Thriskos, Paschalis, Masala, Giovanna, Sieri, Sabina, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Ricceri, Fulvio, Agudo, Antonio, Redondo-Sánchez, Daniel, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M, Mokoroa, Olatz, Melander, Olle, Stocks, Tanja, Häggström, Christel, Harlid, Sophia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, van Gils, Carla H, Vermeulen, Roel C H, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas J, Tong, Tammy Y N, Freisling, Heinz, Johansson, Mattias, Lennon, Hannah, Aune, Dagfinn, Riboli, Elio, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Trichopoulou, Antonia, and Tsilidis, Konstantinos K

Published
2020

99. Weight change in middle adulthood and risk of cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ( EPIC ) cohort

Author

Christakoudi, Sofia, primary, Pagoni, Panagiota, additional, Ferrari, Pietro, additional, Cross, Amanda J., additional, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, additional, Muller, David C., additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Freisling, Heinz, additional, Murphy, Neil, additional, Dossus, Laure, additional, Turzanski Fortner, Renee, additional, Agudo, Antonio, additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Perez‐Cornago, Aurora, additional, Key, Timothy J., additional, Brennan, Paul, additional, Johansson, Mattias, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Halkjær, Jytte, additional, Boutron‐Ruault, Marie‐Christine, additional, Artaud, Fanny, additional, Severi, Gianluca, additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, Schulze, Matthias B., additional, Bergmann, Manuela M., additional, Masala, Giovanna, additional, Grioni, Sara, additional, Simeon, Vittorio, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Skeie, Guri, additional, Rylander, Charlotta, additional, Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen, additional, Quirós, J. Ramón, additional, Rodriguez‐Barranco, Miguel, additional, Chirlaque, Maria‐Dolores, additional, Ardanaz, Eva, additional, Amiano, Pilar, additional, Drake, Isabel, additional, Stocks, Tanja, additional, Häggström, Christel, additional, Harlid, Sophia, additional, Ellingjord‐Dale, Merete, additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, and Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., additional

Published
2020
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100. Blood Metal Levels and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Risk: A Prospective Cohort

Author

Peters, Susan, primary, Broberg, Karin, additional, Gallo, Valentina, additional, Levi, Michael, additional, Kippler, Maria, additional, Vineis, Paolo, additional, Veldink, Jan, additional, van den Berg, Leonard, additional, Middleton, Lefkos, additional, Travis, Ruth C., additional, Bergmann, Manuela M., additional, Palli, Domenico, additional, Grioni, Sara, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Elbaz, Alexis, additional, Vlaar, Tim, additional, Mancini, Francesca, additional, Kühn, Tilman, additional, Katzke, Verena, additional, Agudo, Antonio, additional, Goñi, Fernando, additional, Gómez, Jesús‐Humberto, additional, Rodríguez‐Barranco, Miguel, additional, Merino, Susana, additional, Barricarte, Aurelio, additional, Trichopoulou, Antonia, additional, Jenab, Mazda, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, and Vermeulen, Roel, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
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