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A total of 36 cows suffering from metritis were divided into 3 groups i.e. group-IA (metritis without palpable CL), Group-IB (metritis without palpable CL) and group-II (metritis with palpable CL) keeping equal number of animals in each group. Animals of group-IA were treated with oxytetracycline 3.0 gm intrauterine daily for 2-4 days; whereas, group-IB animals were treated with cephalexin 4 gm intrauterine daily for 2-4 days. Single intramuscular injection of Dinoprost (PGF2á) 25mg was given to animals of group-II. Recovery rate, on the basis of results of cultural examination, of 3 groups were found as 80.00, 71.43 and 91.67% respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We report a case of a 32-y-old male diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis with splenomegaly complicated by splenic infarct in second week of illness documented by abdominal CT scan. Methods & Materials: Infectious mononucleosis is commonly caused by an Epstein - Barr virus (EBV) infection. The clinical syndrome usually presents with the classic triad of pharyngitis, fever, and lymphadenopathy. Hepatosplenomegaly is also common. [1]. Splenic infarction represents a very rare complication of infectious mononucleosis, encountered mostly in patients with underlying comorbidities. Results: A 32yr old male was admitted to our department for high-grade fever and upper respiratory tract Infection for 10 days Cervical lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly was also found during the physical examination and on abdominal ultrasound. Routine laboratory results showed a white blood cell count of5Kwith 67% lymphocytes, including 10% of atypical lymphocytes, and elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase. Serologic viral screening for hepatitis B and C viruses, human immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalovirus was negative. EBV was detected, EBV viral capsid antigen immunoglobulinM(VCA-IgM) antibodies at high titers. A monospot test was also positive. On tenth day of illness patient complained of acute left upper quadrant pain. Ultrasound examination revealed a hypoechogenic area (5.1cm-3.2cm) in the enlarged spleen. Abdominal CT scan was carried out and showed a splenic infarct (size 9.6 6.4 cm) (Figure 1). patient had negative Coombs' tests, negative thrombophilic screen (activated protein C resistance, protein C and S levels, lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin, and anti- 2 glycoprotein I antibodies). Echocardiography, vasculitic profile ANA, C- ANCA, P-ANCA and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy were unremarkable. The patient was managed symptomatically and showed resolution of infarct at 8 weeks. Conclusion: Splenic infarction represents a very rare complication of infectious mononucleosis due to EBV infection. mostly seen due to sickle-cell disease [2], pyruvate kinase deficiency [3] autoimmune haemolytic anaemia[4], hereditary spherocytosis [5], and protein C deficiency [6]. Acute EBV infection has recently been recognized as a potential cause of splenic infarction, with or without comorbidities studied in the largest series of patients with splenic infarction [7]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Lumbosacral defects are complex reconstructive problems requiring tension-free vascularised soft tissue reconstruction in patients who often have comorbidities. In an area prone to recurrent tissue breakdown, both free and islanded flaps risk complete failure. Cadaveric studies have demonstrated the consistency of lumbar perforators, yet ipsilateral lumbar perforator flaps have modest reconstructive potential owing to geometric limitations. An axial pattern lumbar perforator flap based on a contralateral lumbar perforator may surmount these problems; however, it has only been described in a small clinical and cadaveric study previously., Methods: An anatomical study was performed in the consecutive patients undergoing computed tomographic angiography (CTA) of the trunk, assessing the presence and location of lumbar artery perforators. The use of midline or contralateral lumbar artery perforators in the lumbar perforator flap was assessed in the reconstruction of lumbosacral defects., Results: A total of 102 patients with 102 lumbosacral defects have been managed with the use of contralaterally based transverse lumbar perforator flaps over a period of 20 years. In 96 patients, the defects requiring reconstruction followed debridement of a pressure ulcer, with seven cases following debridement of pilonidal sinuses and one following abdominoperineal resection. There were 65 men and 37 women, with a mean follow-up of 1.5 years. Necrosis of the tip of the flap occurred in 3%, with no cases of complete flap loss. Recurrence occurred in two cases (both sacral pressure sores). All recurrences and/or necrosis were managed with flap advancement or skin grafts. All the donor sites were closed directly., Conclusion: The contralateral-based transverse lumbar perforator flap is a simple, reliable, versatile and, in some cases, reusable choice in the management of lumbosacral defects. Flap dimensions of 24 × 15 cm can be based on one lumbar perforator., (Copyright © 2016 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant and a well-known endocrine disruptor (ED) that interferes with the reproductive function in both humans and animals. This study aimed to find out the impact of lactational exposure of DEHP in testes of first filial generation (F1) progeny male rat postnatal day (PND)-60. Lactating dams were orally treated with DEHP (0, 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively) from the PND-1 to PND-21. Rats were killed at PND 60. Testes were removed and used for histological analysis and for isolation of Sertoli cells (SCs). The histoarchitecture of DEHP-treated rats showed disturbed testicular structure. DEHP-treated rats also showed increased oxidative stress by decreasing antioxidant levels in the SCs; it disrupted SC tight junctional proteins occludin, claudin, junctional adhesion molecule, zona occludens protein-1 (ZO-1), zona occludens protein-2 (ZO-2), and afadin-6 (AF-6), increased apoptosis by altering the apoptotic genes Bax, cytochrome c, caspase-8, -9, -3 and antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2. It is concluded that early postnatal exposure to DEHP disturbs histoarchitecture of testis and SC function in pubertal Wistar rats., (© The Author(s) 2014.)

Background & Aim: Prostate cancer is one of the frequently diagnosed cancers in men. Increased Growth factor IGF-1/IGF-1R axis activation mediated by both PI3K/Akt or RAF/MEK/ERK system and AR expression remains important in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Targeting such system by dietary agents quercetin in vivo model could aid its application in both treatment as well as prevention of prostate cancer., Methods: In our study the rats were divided into four groups; Group I: control (propylene glycol-vehicle), Group II: cancer-induced (MNU and Testosterone treated) rats, Group III: cancer-induced + Quercetin (200 mg/kg body wt/orally) and Group IV: Quercetin (200 mg/kg body wt) thrice a week. After the treatment period rats were sacrificed and the ventral and dorsolateral prostate lobes were dissected., Results: Antioxidant enzymes and apoptotic proteins were significantly decreased in cancer-induced animal and upon quercetin supplement its level was increased. The IGFIR, AKT, AR, cell proliferative and anti-apoptotic proteins were increased in cancer-induced group whereas supplement of quercetin decreased its expression., Conclusions: Quercetin down regulates the cell survival, proliferative and anti-apoptotic proteins thereby prevents prostate cancer, by acting as a chemopreventive agent in preclinical model., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.)

The association between congenital vascular malformations and altered bone growth, the so-called vascular bone syndrome, is well documented. Various eponymous syndromes each with their individual traits, such as Klippel-Trenaunay, Parkes-Weber and Servelle-Martorell syndrome have been described, along with variations. We report on a previously undescribed case of congenital vascular malformation associated with multiple skeletal abnormalities affecting the skull, vertebrae and right upper limb, and discuss the literature.

This paper reports on the treatment of chemical burns in a burns unit in Saudi Arabia in the 10-yr period 1993 to 2003. In 1993, in line with new approaches, the protocol for treating deep chemical burns in the first 48 h was modified to employ sequential excision followed by a second-look approach after 24 h, at which stage autografts/homografts were effected, depending upon the extent of the burn and having ascertained that the wound was bleeding and that there was no necrotic tissue. Results have much improved with this new approach. Three hundred cases of chemical burns are reviewed. Early sequential excision is recommended, followed by immediate grafting within 24 h post-excision.

We report a rare case of a patient with a primary hydatid cyst in the head of the pancreas who presented with obstructive jaundice caused by extrinsic compression of the intrapancreatic portion of the bile duct. The patient was treated successfully by ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage of the cyst using hypertonic (20%) saline as the scolicidal agent and albendazole chemoprophylaxis before and after the drainage. The cyst was not visible on ultrasonography at 6 months follow up. Clinical, sonographic and serological follow up to 35 months showed no evidence of cyst recurrence or dissemination. In endemic areas of hydatid disease, hydatid cyst should be a differential diagnosis in cystic lesions of the pancreas in patients presenting with obstructive jaundice.

Background: Haemosuccus pancreaticus is a rare complication of pancreatitis. It is a diagnostic problem for even the most astute clinician and a challenge for the expert endoscopist. We report a 25-year-old male patient who had all the features usually seen in haemosuccus pancreaticus patients: recurrent obscure upper gastrointestinal bleeding, pancreatitis, pseudocyst formation, ductal disruption, fistula and pancreatic ascites. The patient was treated by subtotal pancreatectomy, splenectomy and drainage of the pseudocyst. Although pancreatic duct communication with the surrounding vasculature could not be ascertained, we strongly believe the patient had haemosuccus pancreaticus because, over a follow-up period of 3 years, the patient was not only ascites free, but did not experience any further upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We believe that in evaluating patients with recurrent obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, one should always remember that the pancreas is a part of the gastrointestinal tract and, like other organs, is prone to blood loss.