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The awareness on the importance of child participation in various aspects of child’s life has risen during the last decade among the academics and professionals in Croatia. The child participation became widely recognised within many national laws (e.g. Family Law Act, Law on Education in Primary and Secondary Schools, Child Ombudsman Law, Social Welfare Act, Foster Care Law, The Youth Councils Law, etc.) and policies as well. The National Strategy for Child Right in Republic of Croatia 2014 - 2020, specifically recognizes child participation as one of its four strategic goals (Enabling active participation of children), as well as specific measures within all other strategic goals. Since 1999, there have been several researches on the rights of the child, including participatory rights. Data from research conducted in 1999 (Žižak and Koller-Trbović), showed that most of the children believed that adults do not listen to them and that they don't have opportunity to express their views. Later researches showed no improvement in that sense. Child perspective and participation has become prominent in public discourse but not so present in everyday practise, especially when it comes to children in alternative care. Main aim of this research is to gain insight in level and forms of child participation in institutional treatment with special focus on children with emotional and behavioural problems due to increased risk of low level of participation. Research will be conducted in 10 correctional institutions in Croatia, using questionnaires and focus group discussion to investigate children's and professionals' perspective. Research questions will focus on context and forms of participation in institutional care, specific characteristics of children with emotional and behaviour disorders and their potential and willingness to participate and role of professionals in realization of participatory rights.

The participation of children in all issues that concern them, in the communities in which they live, is undoubtedly an important topic that does not lose its relevance. It is common practice for children to be involved (or at least informed and consulted) in all matters concerning their lives. But Austin (2010) states that despite the fact that children make up about 30% of the world’s population, their voices are little heard and generally lack the ability to influence policy, law, or financial allocation and are not actually perceived as equal citizens. In Croatia, the participation of children is prescribed through laws and regulations in various ways within certain departments such as education (legal establishment of student councils in schools), social welfare (the right to participate in care), justice, health, etc. In practical terms, the exercise of participatory rights it is possible to monitor at the national and local level, most clearly through activities related to national bodies and networks such as the Network of Young Advisors of the Ombudsperson for Children and the National Student Council, and through the activities of children's councils in cities and municipalities. The importance of children's perspectives and children's participation has been recognized at all levels of the Alliance of Societies Our Children, especially through the action "Cities and Municipalities Friends of Children", a global initiative that has been implemented in Croatia since 1999. The intention of this initiative is to create cities tailored to children, where active children's participation is an indispensable element, and children are one of the key stakeholders. In order to give even more weight to the children's perspective as part of the reevaluation of the criteria for granting the status of "Child-Friendly Cities / Municipalities", the current way of children's participation is reviewed and a new working model is developed, which will consider children's participation. 2001): who participates (who is allowed to participate), who listens (decides), what skills do stakeholders have and are needed to participate, and what are the organizational conditions for meaningful participation? The answers to these questions focus on children and adults alike and can contribute to better participation of children in this action and in general in the realization of children's rights in local communities.

According to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, those children and youth that are “temporarily or permanently deprived of their family environment, or in whose own best interests cannot be allowed to remain in that environment, shall be entitled to special protection and assistance provided by the State” (article 20). The "special treatment" in the most direct sense provide care-givers in residential care. How that special treatment is provided, is it matched with needs of children and youth is very important question. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine differences in relationship of care-giver interventions and behaviour problems of youth when self-assessment and caregiver assessment of problems is taken into account. The research was conducted with convenience sample of youth (age 14 – 21) placed in 14 children's homes in Croatia (N=253). Regarding gender, 55.7% of them were female and 44.3% male. In order to obtain data, following instruments were used: 1. Sociodemographic questionnaire ; 2.Youth - Self Report (YSR, Achenbach, 1991), 3. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL, Achenbach, 1991), 4. Group Care Worker Intervention Checklist (Bastiaanssen et al., 2012). Methods of descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were used. The results of applied t-test indicate statistically significant differences in the assessment and self- assessment of youth internalising and externalising behavioural problems. Namely, youth perceive that they are dealing with more internalising and externalising behaviour problems then care-givers do assess. On the other hand, correlation analysis suggests stronger association between care –givers interventions and youth behavioural problems when problems are assessed by caregivers. Namely, caregivers assessment of youth internalising behavioural problems is positively correlated with all three measured care-givers intervention (controlling, warmth/support, autonomy granting). None of interventions was significantly correlated with self-assessed internalising problems. Similar results are found when externalising behavioural problems are taken into account. There is a positive correlation between the care-giver assessment of externalizing problems and controlling (.54) and warmth/support (.25). Only significant correlation between care-givers intervention (controlling) and self-assessed youth behavioural problems was found when analysing externalising problems. However, this connection was of law values (.15). These data show a concerning fact that youth assess to have more internalising and externalising behavioural problems then their caregiver perceive, and that those problems are not addressed with appropriate interventions. In order word, on the basses of these results it is not possible to confirm that those children are receiving ‘special treatment’, matched with their intervention needs and Convention principles. The results indicate the importance of taking into account youth perspective on their behaviour when planning and implementing interventions.

This paper is based on project „Improvement of assessment standards for children at risk/or with existing behavioural problems” conducted by Ministry of Social Policy of Republic of Croatia and UNICEF Office for Croatia. The main goal of this project is to standardize risk and needs assessment within the social welfare system, specifically in correctional institutions. The intention is to improve current approach according to contemporary international practise. One aspect of contemporary good practise is recognizing and respecting user’s perspective. According to that, aim of this paper is to describe perception of children who experienced assessment process. Basic believe is that children are “experiential experts” and can give important information that can enhance quality of practise. Through interviews and focus groups, over 30 children (both boys and girls) shared their experiences. Preliminary results shows that active participation and involvement are important to children too. Children perceive assessment as a beginning of change- change in their behaviour and in life in general. Participants state numerous positive and negative aspects of assessment process. Good relationship with professionals based on respect and flexibility children perceive as crucial. Negative perception is most often related to poor living conditions (old and inadequate buildings), boredom and rigid structure.

U priručniku je opisana racionala metode treninga socijalnih vještina na programu Jačanje unutarnje snage (JUS-TSV), primjenjivost i koristi od implementacije treninga socijalnih vještina u zatvorski sustav te opis iskustava i evaluacije pilot izvođenja programa JUS-TSV. Nakon uvodnog dijela priručnika za izvoditelje slijedi detaljan opis 16 radionica s uputama za izvođenje prema kojem su izvoditelji educirani i dalje samostalno (ali u parovima) izvode program sa zatvorenicama i zatvorenicima.

Skrb o djeci izvan vlastite obitelji, tzv. alternativnoj skrbi, u zadnjih je desetak godina u sve većem fokusu stručne javnosti i nacionalnih politika. Riječ je o području socijalne skrbi i zaštite koji je u procesu transformacije cijelog sustava, temeljem Plana deinstitucionalizacije i transformacije domova socijalne skrbi i drugih pravnih osoba donesenom 2010. godine. Krajnja je svrha smanjiti ulazak u institucije i povećati izlazak iz institucija u nove oblike skrbi, posebno stimulirajući obiteljsku reintegraciju (uz garanciju jedne ili više usluga podrške obitelji u lokalnoj zajednici) te usklađivanje s prioritetima razvoja mreže usluga na lokalnoj razini. Riječ je znači o procesima transformacije na razini sustava, ali i transformacije na razini pojedinih ustanova, kao i transformacije pojedinaca uključenih u sustav. Ovakve promjene zahtijevaju pažljivim i strukturiran rad na unapređenju pojedinačnih resursa stručnjaka, kao i skupnih resursa pojedinih timova, odnosno ustanova posebno s obzirom na promjenu paradigme skrbi o djeci koja u središte interesa stavlja dijete (korisnika) i njegova prava (naročito zaštitu najboljeg interesa te prava sudjelovanja) te kompleksne intervencije usmjerene na obitelj.

Volontiranje predstavlja jedan od prirodnih ljudskih resursa i kapitala i sigurno nije pogrešno tvrditi da postoji od kad ima ljudi: prirodna je težnja ljudi da pomažu jedni drugima i aktivno grade svoje zajednice. Volontirati ne znači samo davati svoje resurse (vrijeme, energiju…) bez financijske kompenzacije, već taj angažman istovremeno podrazumijeva i osjećaj altruizma i služenja zajednici: činim dobro radi dobra samog. Volontiranje često može značajno određivati i nečiji način i stil života te vrijednosti koje osoba zastupa. Ove i slične ideje i razmišljanja temelj su na kojem se prije 10-ak godina na Edukacijsko- rehabilitacijskom fakultetu počeo kreirati kolegij Volonterski rad. Kreirajući novi „bolonjski“ plan i program studija, odlučeno je da se uvede kolegij koji će dotadašnja dobra iskustva studenata i nastavnika pretočiti u okvire formalne nastave. Kolegij Volonterski rad provodi se na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskom fakultetu od 2007. godine, a iskustva i povratne informacije govore o velikom zadovoljstvu studenata i percipiranoj koristi na osobnom i profesionalnom planu. Samoprocjena kompetentnosti studenata kontinuirano potvrđuje značajan doprinos volontiranja ukupnoj kompetenciji. Važno je naglasiti i kako studeni sve češće volontiranje uzimaju i kao temu svog diplomskog rada, iskušavajući se pritom u nekim novim ulogama, novim akcijskim oblicima izrade diplomskog rada te izravnim ulaganjem u dobrobit lokalne zajednice i specifičnih skupina korisnika. Iskustva studenata i nastavnica ukazala su i na potrebu za revizijom kolegija u okviru aktualne revizije studija, pri čemu će se fokus staviti na društveno korisno učenje i zalaganje u zajednici.

Suvremeni kognitivni modeli razumijevanja anksioznosti i depresivnosti ističu ulogu metakognitivnih vjerovanja u njihovu nastanku i održavanju. Važna komponenta ovih modela su strategije suočavanja temeljene na ponavljanom negativnom razmišljanju u obliku ruminacije ili zabrinutosti. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi povezanost između metakognicije, anksioznosti i depresivnosti te razlike u navedenim varijablama s obzirom na godište studija i spol. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 264 sudionika; 118 studenata i 146 studentica 1., 2., 3. godine preddiplomskog studija i 1. godine diplomskog studija Ekonomskog fakulteta u Osijeku. U istraživanju su korišteni Upitnik metakognicije (Cartwright-Hatton i Wells, 1997) kojim se mjeri pet empirijski odvojenih kategorija vjerovanja i procesa usmjerenih na vlastite misli i subskale depresivnosti i anksioznosti Skale depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa (Lovibond i Lovibond, 1995). Rezultati su pokazali kako postoji statistički značajna umjerena pozitivna korelacija između metakognicije i anksioznosti te metakognicije i depresivnosti. Prosječni rezultati u varijablama metakognicije, anksioznosti i depresivnosti padaju porastom godišta studija. Nije pronađena statistički značajna razlika u metakognitivnoj aktivnosti studenata i studentica. Utvrđeno je kako studentice pokazuju više anksioznosti i depresivnosti od studenata. Emocionalni problemi s kojima se studenti suočavaju mogu uvelike omesti ostvarivanje željenih akademskih ciljeva, a pravodobna identifikacija takvih problema i pružanje odgovarajuće pomoći može im omogućiti da u potpunosti ispune svoje potencijale. Recent cognitive models of understanding anxiety and depression emphasize the role of metacognitive beliefs in their occurrence and maintenance. Important components of these models are coping strategies based on repeated negative thoughts in the form of rumination or worry. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between metacognition, anxiety and depression and the differences in their levels in function of year of study and gender. The sample consisted of 264 participants; 118 male and 146 female students of Faculty of Economics in Osijek (1st to 4th year university students). In order to assess metacognition, anxiety and depression, Meta-Cognition Questionnaire (Cartwright-Hatton and Wells, 1997), which measures five separate categories of empirical beliefs and processes focused on one's own thoughts and depression and anxiety subscales of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (Lovibond and Lovibond, 1995) were used. The results showed that there is a statistically significant moderate positive correlation between metacognition and anxiety and between metacognition and depression. Average results of metacognition, anxiety and depression progressively decrease with the years of study. There is no statistically significant difference in total Meta-Cognition Questionnaire score in function of gender. Average results of anxiety and depression are significantly higher for female students. Students' emotional problems may hinder their achievement of desired academic goals, so identification of such problems and providing adequate assistance can enable them to fulfill their potential.

Priručnik je izrađen u namjeri da bude vodič u uspostavi i unapređenju volonterskih programa u organizacijama kao i radu s volonterima.

Suvremeni pristupi i paradigme odgoja i obrazovanja, posebno u tzv. post-konvencijsko vrijeme, poimaju dijete kao aktivno biće koje može i treba sudjelovati u vlastitom odgoju i obrazovanju te preuzeti odgovornost za svoje ponašanje (Koller-Trbović i Žižak, 2005, Pećnik, 2008, Markovinović, 2010, Kušević, 2010). Iako je ideja participacije djece i uzimanja u obzir njihove perspektive relativno dobro zastupljena kroz stručne i znanstvene radove i rasprave, primjećuje se raskorak između ideje o participaciji i njene stvarne primjene u praksi, pri čemu se govori o „plimi“ retorike o participaciji i „oseci“ praktične primjene i utjecaja na poboljšanje intervencija za djecu (Badham, 2004, prema Bessell, 2011). Istraživanje mišljenja i stavova djece i mladih u Hrvatskoj pokazalo je kako je glavni problem u vezi s pravima sudjelovanja djece, nepostojanje zadovoljavajućih institucionalnih mehanizama namijenjenih uključivanju djece u odlučivanje (Miharija i Kuridža, 2011). Stoga je cilj ovog rada prikazati analizu stanja participacije djece u školi i to kroz prikaz relevantnih zakona i politika, istraživanja te primjera dobre prakse. Pregled recentne literature pokazuje kako nedostaje sustavnih pokazatelja o dječjoj participaciji u školi u svim segmentima, od teorijskih modela i istraživanja do primjera dobre prakse. Nedostatak podataka ukazuje na potrebu za daljnjim promicanjem dječje participacije u školi kroz znanstvene i stručne radove, participativne istraživačke projekte te interaktivne prikaze modela dječje participacije.

Izvješće donosi podatke nastale na temelju analize načina provedbe procesa procjene u 7 domova za odgoj u RH.

Cilj je ovog rada upoznati i opisati perspektivu mentora o iskustvima i doživljajima mentoriranja djece obzirom na rod. U radu je korišten kvalitativni pristup. Podaci su prikupljeni putem fokusnih grupa, intervjua te elektronskim putem, a obrađeni kvalitativnom tematskom analizom. Sudionici u istraživanju bili su mentori i mentorice uključeni u programu Mentori u zajednici koji se provodi pri udruzi Plavi telefon. Fokusne grupe provedene su s tri grupe sudionika: mentorima koji mentoriraju dječake, mentoricama koje mentoriraju djevojčice te mentoricama koje mentoriraju dječake. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da mentori i mentorice doživljavaju mentoriranje kao pozitivnu aktivnost te da imaju pozitivan stav prema programu. Pokazalo se kako rod djeteta ima ulogu u odnosu na iskustva mentoriranja, no mentori ne govore o izravnom utjecaju, već o kumulativnom učinku roda, dobi i drugih obilježja djeteta i mentora.

Rad se bavi temom multikulturalizma i multikulturnih kompetencija u sustavu visokog obrazovanja. S tim u vezi u radu se ukratko prikazuje međunarodni projekt SOULBUS čiji je cilj kroz suradnju između visokog obrazovanja i tržišta rada zadovoljiti sadašnje i buduće izazove multikulturalizma u području edukacijske rehabilitacije, socijalne i zdravstvene skrbi. U odnosu na zadani cilj projekta prikazani su i rezultati istraživanja provedenog na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, a koji se odnose na iskustva nastavnika i studenata te njihova razmišljanja o multikulturalizmu u kontekstu međunarodne mobilnosti. Rezultati generalno ukazuju na pozitivna iskustva i odnos prema internacionalizaciji u visokom obrazovanju te daju određene smjernice za bolji prihvat i rad sa stranim studentima.

Multimedija i nove tehnologije edukatorima donose čitav niz novih alata i omogućavaju nov, inovativan pristup podučavanju, dok učenicima donose mogućnost bržeg, funkcionalnijeg, raznovrsnijeg i dostupnijeg učenja. Osnovni smisao uporabe medija i multimedija u nastavi je emancipacijski razvoj prava učenika i humanistička usmjerenost kvalitete poučavanja. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati stavove budućih učitelja razredne nastave prema upotrebi multimedija u nastavi. Cilj je bio i dobiti uvid u njihovu uspješnost služenja računalom i internetom, učestalost i svrhu korištenja internetom te iskustva u radu s multimedijom. Rezultati ukazuju kako se većina sudionika vrlo dobro ili odlično snalazi u radu na računalu (89, 5%), uspješno koristi većinu ili sve Internet usluge (96%), ima prethodno iskustvo s multimedijskim sadržajima (93%) te internetu pristupa nekoliko puta dnevno (93%). Sudionici Internet koriste u različite svrhe, najčešće za općenito prikupljanje informacija (41% sudionika), zabavu (33%), primanje i slanje e-mailova (10%), i prikupljanje informacija vezanih uz studij (16%). S obzirom da je prosječan broj bodova koji su studenti ostvarivali na upitniku stavova prema upotrebi multimedije u nastavi bio 79, 9 (mogući minimum iznosio je 21, a maksimum 105), može se zaključiti kako imaju pozitivan stav prema upotrebi multimedije u nastavi, no uviđaju i njene negativne strane. Učiti uz pomoć računala i Interneta moguće je od prvih dana obveznog školovanja, ipak kad se govori o primjeni multimedije u obrazovanju, u metodici se mora jasno naznačiti što to znači, a prije svega tražiti informatičko obrazovanje učitelja koji će metode i upute znati koristiti pravilno i odgovorno.

Od kompetentnog učitelja očekuje se da posjeduje specifična stručna znanja te različite pedagoške vještine. Završetkom Integriranoga preddiplomskoga i diplomskoga Učiteljskoga studija u Osijeku studenti stječu različite pedagoške i stručne kompetencije potrebne za izvođenje i organiziranje odgoja i obrazovanja učenika primarnog obrazovanja. Cilj ovoga istraživanja je ispitati kako pripravnici primarnog obrazovanja procjenjuju svoje stečene pedagoške kompetencije nakon položenog kolegija Metodike prirode i društva te završenog Integriranog preddiplomskog i diplomskog sveučilišnog Učiteljskog studija u Osijeku. Uzorak istraživanja činilo je 58 pripravnika primarnog obrazovanja. Za potrebe istraživanja sastavljen je upitnik kojim je ispitana procjena pripravnika o stečenim pedagoškim kompetencijama nakon kolegija Metodike prirode i društva (15 tvrdnji). Istraživanje je provedeno tijekom veljače 2015. Rezultati su pokazali da pripravnici primarnog obrazovanja procjenjuju svoje pedagoške kompetencije nakon Metodike prirode i društva vrlo dobrima do odličnima. Sudionici koji su odradili cijeli ili polovinu pripravničkog staža u prosijeku procjenjuju svoje pedagoške kompetencije nešto boljima od onih koji su na početku pripravničkog staža. Pripravnici primarnog obrazovanja moraju trajno usavršavati pedagoške kompetencije u skladu sa suvremenim pedagoškim teorijama didaktike i metodike nastavnog rada.

As it is well known, translating research results into practice in many areas is more difficult than doing research. That is why the gap that exists between research and practice is often described through so called negative metaphors like „strangers in the night" ; „chasm" ; „less travelled road" ; „massy enterprise", etc. Our experience in applying results gained through project Matching interventions with the needs of children and youth at risk: creating a model into Croatian child care policy and practice is in some way consistent with those ideas. It is going to be presented as a case study of translating research results into practice through building practice-friendly science. Main goal of the project was to propose a model of interventions based on psychosocial risk and intervention needs of children and youth at risk to develop serious behavioural problems. Main results are connected to the standardization of three instruments for assessment of psychosocial risk and intervention needs for use in Croatian child care system, as well as screening characteristics of children and youth included in existing residential and community based interventions regarding psychosocial risks, strengths and intervention needs. In accordance with research data, some recommendations for improving existing system of interventions were made. Primarily they are related to the need to introduce assessment of positive developmental assets (strengths), as well as acceptance of standardized approach to risk assessment, as a criterion for intervention choice. Further on, they are related to the recognition of very specific intervention needs of younger children, adolescent girls, high risk prone adolescent boys with multiple, combined externalized and internalized behavioural problems. Generally speaking, while the research is still in progress knowledge translation is less demanding, concentrated on informing practice. When the research ends adoption and implementation of results are expected. So, the challenges of translation are wider and more present afterwards than during research.

Odgojna mjera pojačana briga i nadzor prema Zakonu o sudovima za mladež jedna je od ukupno osam odgojnih mjera predviđenih za maloljetnike koji su počinili kazneno djelo. S teorijskog aspekta mogli bismo reći kako se radi o sankciji u zajednici s obzirom na to da se mladu osobu ne izdvaja iz obitelji, odnosno primarne životne sredine, već joj se pruža intervencija kroz pedagoški i savjetodavni rad, uz neposredno praćenje (nadziranje) i pomaganje u osobnim i životnim promjenama, životnom stilu i razvoju kvalitetnih međuljudskih odnosa. U Hrvatskoj nedostaje sustavnih i cjelovitih istraživanja ove odgojne mjere, dok na nacionalnoj razini ono, do sada, nikada nije niti bilo provedeno. Takva pozicija otvara brojna znanstveno-istraživačka i stručna pitanja, potiče profesionalnu znatiželju i stvara prostor u kojem želimo sveobuhvatno pristupiti ovoj temi. Važnost istraživanja ove odgojne mjere ogleda se i u učestalosti njezine primjene. Tako PBIN prosječno čini oko 40% svih sankcija izrečenih maloljetnicima koji su počinili kazneno djelo, a najviše se izriče za sljedeća kaznena djela:  kaznena djela protiv imovine najviše su zastupljena – od 57% do 67%,  kaznena djela protiv života i tijela – od 5% do 13%,  kaznena djela protiv vrijednosti zaštićenih međunarodnim pravom – od 6% do 13% (mahom kaznena djela vezana uz posjedovanje sredstava ovisnosti),  kaznena djela protiv javnog reda i mira – od 4% do 10%. Sukladno tome, u ovom smo istraživanju nastojali integrirati postojeće teorijske i empirijske znanstvene spoznaje u zakonodavni i društveni okvir u kojem se odgojna mjera pojačana briga i nadzor u Hrvatskoj izvršava. U tom kontekstu pristupili smo istraživanju temeljem teorijskog koncepta rizičnih i zaštitnih čimbenika, specifično u odnosu na delinkvenciju mladih i razvojne putove, dok nam je za preporuke unapređivanja postojeće prakse od velike važnosti bilo razumijevanje principa uspješnosti (maloljetničkih) sankcija u zajednici. Osnovne principe važne za maloljetničko pravosuđe općenito (jer se odnose na kazneni proces), a posebno za izvršavanje sankcija u zajednici kategorizirali smo u tri cjeline: (1) principi važni za kazneni postupak i donošenje odluka, (2) principi važni za planiranje intervencija te (3) principi važni za provođenje sankcija u zajednici. U skladu s njima definirani su zaključci i preporuke proizašle iz istraživanja. Opći je cilj ovog istraživanja steći uvid u provođenje odgojne mjere pojačana briga i nadzor u Hrvatskoj. Pri tome istraživanje je usmjereno na: (1) obilježja maloljetnika kojima se izriče mjera, (2) obilježja voditelja mjere, (3) obilježja procesa prije i za vrijeme provođenja ove odgojne mjere, kao i percepciju različitih elemenata ove odgojne mjere iz perspektive voditelja mjere, maloljetnika i njihovih roditelja. Kako bi se ostvario cilj istraživanja te prikupili valjani podaci o različitim aspektima odgojne mjere pojačana briga i nadzor u Hrvatskoj, provedeno je složeno istraživanje koje koristi različite metodološke pristupe. Provedeno istraživanje sastoji se od dva dijela pri čemu su oba dijela usmjerena na postizanje općeg cilja istraživanja, no različitim dijelovima postižu se različiti specifični ciljevi, odnosno odgovara se na višestruka istraživačka pitanja. Prvi dio istraživanja temelji se na kvantitativnom istraživačkom pristupu, dok se drugi dio zasniva na kvalitativnom pristupu. Za potrebe ovog istraživanja formiran je proporcionalni stratificirani uzorak pri čemu su stratumi definirani s obzirom na nekoliko kriterija: spol i dob maloljetnika, duljinu trajanja odgojne mjere te urbanost/ruralnost sredine u kojoj mlada osoba živi. U istraživanju je pristalo sudjelovati 182 mladića i 12 djevojaka (N=194) koji su uz pomoć obučenog anketara ispunili upitnike. Dob maloljetnika kreće se od 15 do 24 godine pri čemu prosječna dob iznosi 18 godina (zbog čega se u prikazu rezultata koristi pojam 'mladi'). Prosječno trajanje PBIN-a iznosi 11, 73 mjeseca, odnosno gotovo godinu dana. U istraživanje su uključeni voditelji mjere svakog maloljetnika koji mogu biti djelatnici centra za socijalnu skrb ili vanjski suradnici centra. Ako je kod mlade osobe bio slučaj da joj je voditelj mjere vanjski suradnik centra, tada je dio podataka o mladiću/djevojci davao i djelatnik centra koji vodi taj predmet. U slučaju kada je voditelja mjere djelatnik centra ista osoba davala je sve podatke o maloljetniku. U ovo istraživanje uključen je 141 voditelj mjere, pri čemu su 43 djelatnika centara za socijalnu skrb nadležnih za provođenje odgojne mjere, a 98 vanjskih suradnika. Potrebni podaci prikupljani su iz različitih izvora i s pomoću različitih mjernih instrumenata – anketni upitnici, ček-liste, skale. Većina korištenih mjernih instrumenta konstruirana je specifično za potrebe ovog istraživanja.

U ovom radu prikazat će se rezultati kvalitativnog istraživanja, odnosno intervjua s 15 udomitelja najmlađe djece s područja 5 centara za socijalnu skrb koji se nalaze u Republici Hrvatskoj. Svrha istraživanja je dobiti uvid u pokazatelje kvalitete i izazove udomiteljstva djece u dobi od 0 do 7 godine u Hrvatskoj te u skladu s tim predložiti smjernice za daljnje unapređenje udomiteljstva za ovu skupinu djece. Istraživačka pitanja koja će se obrađivati u radu su: Koje su specifičnosti udomiteljstva najmlađe djece u odnosu na iskustva udomitelja? Koje su preporuke udomitelja za unaprjeđivanje udomiteljstva najmlađe djece? Za obradu podataka koristila se tematska analiza (Braun i Clarke, 2006). Analiza podataka rezultirala je prepoznavanjem šest većih tema o kojima su udomitelji govorili, a u ovom radu fokus će biti na temi specifičnosti udomiteljstva najmlađe djece

Existing scientific knowledge on developmental outcomes of children and youth in children's homes (in Croatia) is primarily quantitative in nature, focused on negative outcomes, and based on „adultocentric" values of good behavioural outcomes. According to these data, majority (75%) of children that are removed from their homes and placed in children's homes have some kind of behavioral problems. It still not known how, why and under impact of which factors, some of them (at least one fourth of them) are functioning well concerning behavioral problems, and what is their perspective on criteria of good developmental outcome for children in children's home. The aim of this paper is to explain how adolescents from the chiildren's homes in Croatia navigated their way from risk to resilience. Resilience is defined as a process of effectively negotiating, adapting to, or managing significant sources of stress or trauma. Assets and resources within the individual, their life and environment (protective mechanisms) facilitate this capacity for adaptation and 'bouncing back' (good outcome) in the face of adversity (Wiendle, 2011). Research questions are: 1. How do adolescents in children's home define good developmental outcomes of adolescents (in children's homes)? 2. What were the key protective mechanisms and how did they contribute to good outcomes for these adolescents? 3. What were the processes that occurred from the initial risk to the achievement of good outcome? The process of data collecting has just finished. They were collected using in-depth interviews with a 24 participants (13 females, 11 males), age between 14 and 21, that were assessed by their caregivers as resilient. They are placed in 13 Children's homes in Croatia. Data will be analysed based on social constructivist as a philosophical approach and using qualitative methodology.

APFEL (Action for the promotion of Foster Care at European level) is promoting a research-training project, aimed at identifying and disseminating tools that will put the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child at the heart of professional PRACTICE in Foster Care (FC) for vulnerable children (Premoli, 2012). The project focuses on the dissemination of a child rights based approach through a training process that will enhance, in the light of the principle of the best interest of the child, the issues of co-parenting, the right to stay in contact with parents when placed out of home, and the voice of the child in particular. In the EU there's wide consensus on the relevance of the CRC. Yet, there is too much heterogeneity, in terms of knowledge of the CRC by the general public, also among professionals working with children and children themselves. Some countries are suffering from a lack of implementation of the CRC. This is potentially counterproductive, since the gap between "Law" and practice causes discomfort, confusion and puts professionals at risk (stress, conflict in mediating and assessing situations ; lack of clear benchmarks and objectives). Professionals, daily confronted with the complexity and heavy emotional burden of child protection, must be equipped with a common tool box that will guide their practice, giving them a sense of security of being "on the right track" and following common values and goals. The clarity and precision of the "framework" will empower them to observe, to think and intervene in situations encountered in child protection and in particular in FC. The CRC can and should provide such common framework. The methodology will be based on: analysis of the scientific literature in the field of children's rights-based approach ; context analysis on FC systems in European countries ; skill assessment of professionals operating in FC Services ; definition of a Conceptual Framework for a CRC-based Approach in FC. A Training Model will be developed with the involvement of foster care leavers, birth families and foster families.

Majority of data concerning foster care system in Croatia is generated by the professionals and adults. There is lack of information on how children feel about foster care and other forms of public child care, as well as how they experience foster care and what they take away from it. Respecting the fact that children’s perspective is imperative in all matters concerning the child, research study was developed in order to enable “voices of children” in foster care to be heard. The purpose of this research is directly related to developing new knowledge needed to improve the quality of foster care. General research objective was to examine and understand foster care from the perspective of foster children and biological children of foster parents, as well as adults with experience of living in foster care as children, i.e. exploring and understanding the user perspective. The research was based on direct data collection from research participant through semi-structure interviews. Interview transcripts, read and approved by research participants, represent data processed according to thematic analysis method. This paper will focus specifically on the perspective of children who experienced inadequate or unsuccessful foster care placement. This subsample consists of 10 children, seven males and three females, who have been placed in children’s home following inadequate foster care. Their age ranges from 10 to 17 years. The main finding is that this group of children has few uniform perspectives on the foster care system. Results implicate that biological and foster families share some negative characteristics (bad relationships, violence, abuse), but also that the foster family has a significant positive meaning for some of the children. The experiences of children with multiple removals and transfers from a familiar environment confirmed that every removal of the child from the familiar environment is difficult to accept and/or traumatic for the child. The only exception to this rule in the children’s experiences is removal from the foster family for the reason of meeting new needs and achieving a new quality of life.

Pored sposobnosti, motivacija je jedan od najznačajnijih faktora uspjeha u učenju. To je utjecaj koji izaziva, usmjerava i odražava željeno ponašanje. Ekstrizična motivacija ponašanje potiče nekim vanjskim motivom, dok intrizična motivacija pokreće osobu iznutra, a ponašanje koje je tako motivirano puno se lakše i uspješnije obavlja. Profesor tijekom poučavanja ima veliki utjecaj na motivaciju studenta ; stoga je važno da gradivo što zanimljivije prezentiraju. Treba nastojati studente na što aktivniji način uključiti u proces učenja. Ako je studentima način predavanja zanimljiv bit će ih lako motivirati na učenje - učiti će jer im je zanimljivo. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je odrediti intenzitet motivacije studenta za učenje na studiju, istražiti o kojoj se vrsti motivacije radi, utvrditi povezanost vrste i intenziteta motivacije te ustanoviti koje osobine profesora najviše utječu na motivaciju studenta. U istraživanju su sudjelovala 126 studenta Filozofskog i Učiteljskog fakulteta u Osijeku. Dobiveni rezultati govore o relativno visokoj motivaciji studenata za studij, no i njihovoj nedovoljnoj aktivnosti i uključenosti u nastavu. Ukazuju na negativnu povezanost (r=0.367 ; p

The research entitled Children’s Perspective on Foster Care was motivated by the knowledge that, in Croatia, there is a shortage of information on how children feel about foster care and other forms of public child care, as well as how they experience foster care and what they take away from it. In accordance with efforts in researching this subject, the broadest scope of this study is defined by connecting two phenomena - the children’s perspective, or view of themselves and the conditions in which they live, and foster care as regarded from a professional perspective. The conceptual framework of the research is based on the examination of these phenomena.

Within the initiative “Child Friendly Cities and Communities” in Croatia, children participation and involvement in decisions concerning themselves is stimulated. At the moment there are 34 cities / municipalities in Croatia who have obtained the child-friendly status. In some of those cities/communities, Children Councils have been organized as well. Children Councils represent organized children activities implemented during their free time in such a way that children present their own suggestions and requests to the adults, putting into motion some concrete activities with the aim to improve the implementation of children’s rights in the local community. At the moment 23 councils are active in Croatia and this activity has been included in the National Plan of Activities for the Rights and Interests of Children in the 2006-2012. The Union of Societies “Our Children” Croatia has been supporting Children Councils on professional and organizational level since establishment of the first Council in 1999, with general goal of encouraging active participation of children in Croatian society. The main purpose of research “Participation of Children in Children Councils in Croatia” was to acquire an insight in characteristics of the children participation in implementation of their rights on a local level. The secondary purpose of this research was to prepare the children-councillors for the creation of an Alternative Children Report on the State of Children’s Rights in Croatia which will be delivered by the Union of Societies “Our Children” to the UN Board for Children’s Rights in Geneva. The creation of this Report is a separate project implemented by the Union of Societies “Our Children” in cooperation with UNICEF Office for Croatia. The implemented research was participative which can be seen through the methods of collecting, analysing and presenting the results, whereby accent was on enabling as much participation of children as possible. When planning the research, the processing and the interpretation of the results, the child’s experience and understanding of their own participation was pointed out. 95 children-councillors from 15 Children Councils participated through discussions in the focus groups. Analysis of the answers given by children showed several key areas: the right to express their opinion and to participate in decision making process ; the importance of children participation in decision making ; the equality of children and adults in suggesting and making decisions ; taking their opinions into consideration by the adults ; competences of children for the role of a child-councillor ; feeling that adults in communities respect their suggestions ; problems concerning the participation of children ; and children recommendations for enabling their larger participation. On the basis of these results and children’s opinion expressed in the focus groups, two conclusions were reached: a) Participation in the life of the local communities is very important for children. Children feel competent in expressing their opinions but less competent when it comes to responsibility and participation in decision making process. In this sense it is necessary to additionally educate children, adults and the institutions for this kind of participation. b) Children Councils in Croatia are developing in different ways and this variety should be used for a further development and improvement of children participation in local communities in the sense of improving contact between the children-councillors and the children they represent as well as expand the network of Children councils on the domestic and international level.

In this presentation, research "Children’s perspective on foster care“ is presented. Focus was on methods of including children in participatory research and it's impact on process level and outcome level of research.

U radu je napravljen pregled istraživanja u području udomiteljstva djece u Hrvatskoj. Na temelju tog pregleda, napravljena je projekcija potreba i planova za buduća istraživanja na tom području u Hrvatskoj.

Područje rizičnosti kod djevojaka relativno je zanemareno u istraživačkom i u teorijskom smislu. U nastojanju da se dobije šire shvaćanje ovog društvenog fenomena i tzv. uporabno znanje, provedeno je istraživanje u kojem se temeljem višestrukih perspektiva (znanstveno-teorijske, stručnjačke i korisničke) kreira nova, utemeljena teorija rizičnosti djevojaka. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da različite perspektive daju specifičan doprinos razumijevanju rizičnosti kod djevojaka, no da postoji konsenzus perspektiva oko nekih, ključnih područja rizičnosti. Usporedba perspektiva i njihovi specifični doprinosi, ukazuju na to da su pri bavljenju određenim društvenim problemom (fenomenom), sve perspektive važne kako bi se omogućio potpuniji uvid i razumijevanje određenog problema. Uvid i usporedba perspektiva usmjerava nas i na identificiranje tzv. „mrtvih kuteva“ unutar pojedinih perspektiva, te na potrebu preusmjeravanja točke gledišta na neke nove aspekte koji nastaju iz drugih perspektiva.

Područje rizičnosti kod djevojaka relativno je zanemareno kako u istraživanju tako i u davanju teorijskih tumačenja. Stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja utvrditi i opisati rizičnost kod djevojaka iz višestrukih perspektiva: znanstveno-teorijske, stručnjačke te korisničke perspektive uz poseban naglasak na doprinos perspektive korisnica Odgojnog doma Bedekovčina. Znanstveno-teorijska perspektiva tumači se na temelju proučavanja relevantne domaće i strane literature, dok se perspektiva stručnjaka i djevojaka tumači temeljem analize dokumentacije i analize intervjua sa stručnjacima i djevojkama iz Odgojnog doma Bedekovčina. Analizom podataka u istraživanju je izdvojena tzv. središnja kategorija koja ima najveću važnost u objašnjavanju fenomena rizičnosti djevojaka, koja ima veću frekventnost i povezanija je s ostalim kategorijama. Na taj način kreirana je sintagma koja opisuje djevojke u riziku kao „složene, potrebite, a zanemarene“. Izrazi navedeni u sintagmi mogu se prepoznati i povezati s ostalim kategorijama unutar pojedinih perspektiva kao i na zajedničkoj razini. Kada je riječ o djevojkama, primjećuje se vrlo složena slika rizika koji čine međusobno isprepletenu mrežu uzajamno povezanih rizika koji uvjetuju (uzrokuju) jedni druge. Zamjećuje se izrazita složenost rizika u obitelji, kao i složenost rizika u odnosu na same djevojke: istovremena prisutnost eksternaliziranih i internaliziranih problema u ponašanju, problemi s fizičkim i mentalnim zdravljem te emocionalna složenost. Pored složenosti rizika, rezultati istraživanja govore i o visokoj potrebitosti i slaboj zaštićenosti djevojaka. Djevojke su od ranog djetinjstva izložene negativnim utjecajima, separacijama, gubicima i traumama, najčešće bez adekvatnih intervencija koje bi im pomogle u nošenju s tim negativnim situacijama, utjecajima i odnosima. Njihova se potrebitost očituje na odgojnoj, obrazovnoj, socijalnoj i prije svega na emocionalnoj razini.

The field of behaviour problems in female population is a relatively neglected in research, as well as in theory. Due to that, research was conducted in order to identify and describe risk in young females from multiple perspectives: scientifically-theoretical, professionals' and users' perspectives, with a special attention to the contribution of the perspective of young females in Bedekovčina Residential Treatment (Croatia). The research was based on qualitative methodology and active participation of young females. Two main methods of data collection were used: unobtrusive research methods (analysis of literature and analysis of documents) and interwiev. Total of 23 young females and 10 professionals from Bedekovčina Residential Treatment participated in research. The intention of the research team was to enable active participation of young females in research, in order to gain better understanding of their perspective and their involvement in knowledge creation. However in the process of research, several obstacles to active participation of young females occurred. Those obstacles can be divided in three major groups: 1) system related obstacles (organizational structure, nonexistent culture of participation of beneficiaries) ; 2) person related obstacles (concerning professionals and beneficiaries) ; 3) technical obstacles (related to time, place, equipment and other technical condition for participatory research). Above mentioned obstacles are perceived as challenges in introducing and developing a rather new concept of active participation of young people (young females in this case) in the field of research, within Croatian intervention system for youth with behavioral problems. Potential answers to these challenges are discussed and solution proposed in order to improve the quality of participation in research.

Developmental path of children separated from their birth family and accommodated in foster care family is characterized with extremely demanding and stressful situations which require abundant repertoire of coping strategies. In order to understand the ways of dealing with certain situation, perspective of person involved is very important. Therefore the main scope of this presentation is to complete existing knowledge of coping mechanisms of children and adults with foster care experience with their perspective. In this regard, data of research named Foster care from child perspective, conducted during 2010. and 2011., by research team of Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, with support of UNICEF Office for Croatia, will be analysed. The general goal of that research was getting to know and understand foster care form users' perspective. The goal of this presentation is more specific: try to understand the ways on which children and adults with experience of foster care in childhood manage to overcome difficult life situations. For this purpose, sample of 40 participants from the following group of “foster care users” was formed: foster children, foster adolescents, children/youth that were placed in an institution after having spent time in a foster home and adults who were in foster care as children. The age of participants varies form 10 to 45 with the similar proportion of male and female participants. Data were collected through semi structured interviews and for analysis qualitative methods will be used. Research results regarding life experience indicate some, although very specific, similar experiences of participants such as: seriously difficult family situation before replacement, inadequate preparedness, uncertainty and lack of information in the face of out-of-home placement. The descriptions of foster care experiences consists of very complex and sometimes contradictory statements that indicate a high diversity of experiences of each group of users and each user individually. Analyzing the ways in which participants were and are coping with these difficulties, the focus will be on their experiences, thoughts, emotional reactions and behavior. Since it is known that the choice of coping strategies, among other things, also depends on the individual's characteristics and context (Lazarus and Folkman, 1991), special attention will be given to different ways participants cope regarding their age, but also strengths and weaknesses they have identified both in themselves and in environment

The outline of this presentation is defined by linking two phenomena- child perspective and experience, and the foster care of children. The general goal is defined as getting to know and understand foster care from the child's perspective, or more precisely perspective of foster children, biological children of foster parents, as well as the adults who were in a foster care earlier in their life. Five specific goals are set: -Getting to know experiences and understanding the reasons for displacement from biological family and being accommodated in the foster family from child point of view ; -Getting to know experiences and understanding the foster child/young person status ; -Getting to know experiences and understanding the foster child status of the children and young people who have been placed in the institution after the placement in foster family had been evaluated as inadequate ; -Getting to know experiences and understanding the reasons for foster child care from the perspective of foster parents' biological child ; -Getting to know experiences and understanding the reasons for foster child care from the perspective of adults who were in the foster child care. Key participants of research are children and adolescents- foster children and biological children of foster parents aged 10 to 12 and 15 to 17, as well as adults who were in the foster care as children. It is a heterogeneous group of participants, who posses a lot of knowledge about the research problem and they can be evaluated as a relevant sample. Research is carried out on the principles of qualitative approach and participatory research. Key method used to explore the user perspective is semi-structured interview. Data will be analyzed using NVivo8. The purpose of research is directly related to development of new knowledge which will enable raising the level of quality of foster care, through providing conditions needed to raise the quality of foster child care in Croatia, on the bases of appropriate informing, preparation, and participation of all parties, including children too (both foster children and biological children of foster parents), during the process of separation of a child from its own family, the placement into a foster family and adjusting foster care to the needs and rights of a child. Data gathering is still in process, but the first impressions form the filed of research talk about readiness of children to participate and to share their experiences.

Behaviour problems among girls are less researched and generally ignored, both in research and theory as well at the level of practical work. This "neglect" of the topic can lead to failure concerning specific risks and needs of young women and even more, to the lack of appropriate resources aimed at the girls’ needs, as well as theoretically based gender specific intervention models. As in many cases when it comes to areas which are not sufficiently researched and scientifically based, a number of myths exists in the field of behavioural problems in girls. Therefore the goal of this paper is to present some of the myths and reflect on them through specific data and scientific knowledge as a result of merging scientifically-theoretical, professionals' and users' perspective. Mentioned perspectives are result of the analysis of recent literature and qualitative research conducted in a correctional institution for young females in Croatia. The study included 25 girls and 10 experts, using the methods of documentation analysis and semi-structured interviews. Some of the myths that will be discussed in the paper include: behavioural problems in girls are less socially dangerous, behaviour problems among girls are mostly internalized and are increasing in modern times, the treatment of girls with behavioural problems is complex, in sense that it is more demanding to work with girls than with boys. In conclusion some guidelines for the prevention and treatment of behavioural problems in girls will be presented.

U svrhu provedbe mjere 4.1. Usuglasiti postojeće kriterije za utvrđivanje pojave te evidentirati i kontinuirano pratiti pojavu poremećaja u ponašanju djece i mladih iz Nacionalne strategije prevencije poremećaja u ponašanju djece i mladih od 2009. do 2012. godine Ministarstvo obitelji, branitelja i međugeneracijske solidarnosti osnovalo je Odlukom od 7. listopada 2009. godine Radnu skupinu za izradu analize kao i prijedloga standarda definiranja, utvrđivanja i praćenja poremećaja u ponašanju djece i mladih. U skladu sa zadaćama definiranim u Odluci, Radna skupina je u formi cjelovitog teksta pripremila: 1. Prikaz saznanja iz literature o potrebi usuglašavanja kriterija za utvrđivanje i praćenje pojave poremećaja u ponašanju 2. Analizu postojećih definicija, kriterija i načina praćenja pojave 3. Prijedlog standarda za terminologiju, definiciju, kriterije i način praćenja pojave poremećaja u ponašanju djece i mladih

Rad se bavi participativnim pravima djece kako ih definira Konvencija o pravima djeteta, iz aspekta definiranja i razumijevanja samog pojma participacije te iz aspekta mogućnosti ostvarivanja participacije u životnom prostoru. Polazeći od razumijevanja participacije kao kontinuiranog procesa koji uključuje dijeljenje informacija i dijalog između djece i odraslih temeljenog na obostranom povjerenju, u radu se razlažu dva osnovna modela participacije: hijerarhijski i ne-hijerarhijski te se prikazuju strana i domaća istraživanja, ali i iskustva u praktičnom ostvarivanju participativnih prava djece.

In academic year 2009/2010 the course named “Qualitative approaches in social-pedagogical research” was first performed, at the graduate study of Social Pedagogy on Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Zagreb. The idea for the introduction of this course is derived from a relatively rich experience in qualitative methodology in scientific research and projects in the field of social pedagogy and social work in Croatia, as well as in Slovenia. Studies that used qualitative methodology proved to be of significance for social pedagogy in terms of science, education, and especially practice, mostly because it changed the paradigm of relations between scientists / experts and users and knowledge created in that process. The aim of this paper is to present development of implementation of qualitative methodology in the field of social pedagogy in Croatia, through the development cycle from research, through education to practice.

Na uzorku od 418 ispitanika u institucionalnom tretmanu djece i mladih u Republici Hrvatskoj provedeno je istraživanje s ciljem utvrđivanja razlika prema dobi i spolu temeljem Liste za provjeru dječjeg ponašanja (Achenbach, 2001). Postupkom diskriminacijske analize dobivene su statistički značajne razlike obzirom na oba kriterija. Rezultati pokazuju kako obzirom na dob postoje statistički značajne razlike obzirom na probleme koje iskazuju djeca i mladi u institucionalnom tretmanu i to na način da najmlađi ispitanici (do 14 godine) pokazuju najveću razinu problema kako na pojedinim sindromima tako i na ukupnim problemima. Obzirom na spol također postoje statistički značajne razlike između ispitanika na način da ispitanice ženskog spola pokazuju veću razinu problema na pojedinačnim sindromima, kao i na ukupnim problemima. Kvalitativna analiza jedne od otvorenih varijabli instrumenta također daje podatke o višestrukoj rizičnosti kod djevojaka, s time da su kroz analizu prepoznate specifične teme poput povodljivosti, konzumiranja sredstava ovisnosti, neadekvatnog odnosa prema suprotnom spolu, skitnje i promiskuiteta. Ovakvi rezultati daju određene smjernice za izravan rad i razradu novih programa, ali također upućuju i na potrebu daljnjeg istraživanja posebno kada je riječ o djevojkama u institucionalnom tretmanu.

Cilj ovog rada je ispitati povezanost stilova privrženosti i rizičnog seksualnog ponašanja kod djevojaka u dobi od 18 do 25 godina. Istraživanjem se nastoji utvrditi postoji li razlika između osoba koje su sigurno privržene i osoba koje su nesigurno privržene roditeljima i partnerima u ispoljavanju različitih indikatora rizičnog seksualnog ponašanja (dob pri stupanju u prvi seksualni odnos, uporaba zaštite pri zadnjem seksualnom odnosu, broj seksualnih partnera, učestalost uporabe alkohola pri seksualnim odnosima). Nadalje, ispituje se povezanost važnosti vjere i različitih indikatora rizičnog seksualnog ponašanja. Podaci su prikupljeni putem online upitnika tijekom svibnja 2022. godine. Obuhvaćen je prigodan uzorak od 157 sudionica. Primijenjen je mjerni instrument Inventar iskustava u bliskim odnosima (Brennan i sur., 1998; prema Kamenov i Jelić, 2003) te su prikupljeni podaci o rodu, dobi, obrazovnom, radnom i percipiranom socioekonomskom statusu, veličini mjesta prebivališta i važnosti vjere u životu osobe. Podatke rizičnom seksualnom ponašanju prikupili smo putem 21 pitanja koja smo osmislili za potrebe ovog istraživanja, a uz pomoć dostupne literature. Rezultati su pokazali kako stil privrženosti nije značajan prediktor za dob stupanja u seksualne odnose, korištenje zaštite pri zadnjem seksualnom odnosu, kao ni za broj seksualnih partnera. Značajne rezultate dobili smo pri povezivanju stila privrženosti i stupanja u seksualne odnose pod utjecajem alkohola. Rezultati su pokazali kako će osobe koje imaju sigurnu privrženost s roditeljem biti sklonije češćem upuštanju u seksualne odnose pod utjecajem alkohola, dok će partneru nesigurno privržene osobe imati tendenciju češćeg upuštanja u seksualne odnose pod utjecajem alkohola., The aim of this paper is to investigate the connection between attachment styles and risky sexual behavior in girls aged 18 to 25. The research aims to determine whether there is a difference between persons who are securely attached and persons who are insecurely attached to parents and partners in the manifestation of various indicators of risky sexual behavior (age at first sexual intercourse, use of protection during last sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners, frequency of alcohol use during sexual intercourse). Furthermore, the connection between the importance of religion and different indicators of risky sexual behavior is examined. The data was collected through an online questionnaire during May 2022. A convenient sample of N= 157 females was included. The measuring instrument Inventory of experiences in close relationships was applied (Brennan i sur., 1998; as in Kamenov i Jelić, 2003), and data were collected on gender, age, education, work, perceived socioeconomic status, size of place of residence and the importance of religion in a person's life. We collected data on risky sexual behavior through 21 questions that we designed for this research with the help of available literature. The results showed that the attachment style is not a significant predictor for the age of starting sexual relations, the use of protection during the last sexual relationship, as well as for the number of sexual partners. We obtained significant results when connecting attachment style and entering into sexual relations under the influence of alcohol. The results showed that people who have a secure attachment to their parents will be more inclined to engage in sexual relations under the influence of alcohol more often, while people who are insecurely attached to their partner will have a tendency to engage in sexual relations more often under the influence of alcohol.

Svjetska organizacija izviđačkog pokreta, s više od 57 milijuna članova, najveća je organizacija mladih u svijetu. Svrha ovog rada jest opisati izviđačke aktivnosti za djecu i mlade u Republici Hrvatskoj, sagledati ih s obzirom na načela doživljajne pedagogije i istražiti potencijale sudjelovanja djece i mladih u tim aktivnostima. U prvom dijelu rada opisano je izviđaštvo, vrijednosti na kojima ono počiva i Izviđačka metoda, posebna odgojno-obrazovna metoda koja se koristi u izviđačkim organizacijama diljem svijeta. Također su pojašnjene uloge koje izviđačkih voditelji obavljaju i ukratko je prikazan izviđački program za djecu i mlade u Savezu izviđača Hrvatske. Drugi dio rada opisuje kvalitativno istraživanje čiji je cilj bio opisati iskustva sudjelovanja u izviđačkim aktivnostima i potencijale koje ove aktivnosti imaju vezano uz razvoj djece i mladih. Podaci su prikupljeni kroz dvije fokusne grupe, čiji su sudionici bili izviđački voditelji s iskustvom sudjelovanja u izviđačkim aktivnostima u djetinjstvu. Rezultati dobiveni kvalitativnom analizom podataka daju uvid u načela koja sudionici istraživanja smatraju bitnima i opisuju sadržaj izviđačkih aktivnosti za djecu i mlade. Također, rezultati istraživanja daju uvid u iskustvo sudjelovanja u izviđačkim aktivnostima, kako sudionici opisuju utjecaj koje je to sudjelovanje imalo na njihov kasniji život, te kako opisuju utjecaj izviđačkih aktivnosti na djecu i mlade., The World Organization of Scout Movement, with more than 57 million members, is the largest youth organization in the world. The aim of this paper is to describe Scouting activities for children and youth in the Republic of Croatia, to describe them withthe principles of experiential pedagogy in mind, and to explore the potentials of participation of children and youth in these activities. The first part of the paper describes Scouting, the values on which it is based and the Scout method – a unique educational method used in Scouting organizations worldwide. The roles performed by Scout leaders are also clarified and the Scouting program for children and youth in the Scout and Guide Association of Croatia is briefly presented. The second part of the paper describes qualitative research aimed at describing the experiences of participating in Scouting activities and the potentials that these activities have regarding the development of children and young people. The data was collected through two focus groups, whose participants were Scout leaders with experience of participating in Scouting activities in childhood. The results obtained by qualitative analysis of the data give an insight into the principles that the participants of the research consider important, and into the ways they describe the content of Scouting activities for youth. Also, the results of the research give an insight into the experience of participating in Scouting activities, how participants describe the impact this participation has had on their later life, and how they describe the impact of Scouting activities on children and young people.

Doživljajna pedagogija cjelovit je pedagoški pristup koji u djetetu, odnosno mladoj osobi potiče sva osjetila i dovodi do iskustvenog učenja, učenja „srcem, glavom i rukama“ (Krajnčan, 2013). Svrha ovog rada je dobiti uvid u teorijska i praktična obilježja doživljajnopedagoškog rada s djecom i mladima, korisnicima usluge poludnevnog boravka. Doživljajna je pedagogija predstavljena kroz opis njenog razvoja, osnovnih pojmova, važnih autora, procesa iskustvenog učenja te pregled njenih ciljeva i mogućih metoda, aktivnosti i projekata kojima se doživljajnopedagoški ciljevi postižu. Teorijska su znanja praktično primijenjena kroz provedbu doživljajnopedagoških aktivnosti u poludnevnom boravku u podružnici Brinje Centra za pružanje usluga u zajednici Izvor Selce. Osvrt na provedene aktivnosti pružen je s obzirom na načela doživljajne pedagogije te je predstavljena vrijednost i mogućnosti ovakvih aktivnosti u socijalnopedagoškom radu., Experiential pedagogy is a holistic pedagogical approach that stimulates all the senses in a child or young person and leads to experiential learning, learning with “heart, head and hands" (Krajnčan, 2013). The purpose of this paper is to gain an insight into the theoretical and practical characteristics of experiential pedagogical work with children and youth, users of a half day care program. Experiential pedagogy is presented through a description of its development, basic terms, important authors, the process of experiential learning, and an overview of its goals and possible methods, activities and projects that achieve the experiential pedagogic goals. Theoretical knowledge was practically applied through the implementation of experiential activities in a half day care program at the Center for services in community Izvor Selce, in the branch in Brinje. An overview of the carried-out activities is provided with regard to the principles of experiential pedagogy, and the value and possibilities of such activities in social pedagogic work are presented.

Milijuni djece u svijetu svakodnevno odrastaju bez jednog ili oba roditelja jer se oni nalaze na izdržavanju kazne zatvora. Prema procjenama organizacije Children of prisoners Europe na području Europe svaki je dan od roditelja odvojeno 800 000 djece. Odlazak roditelja iz obitelji zbog izvršavanja kazne zatvora ostavlja brojne kratkoročne i dugoročne posljedice na život djeteta. Njihove potrebe i prava godinama su bili zanemareni i neprepoznati zbog čega ih se u literaturi naziva „siročićima pravde“ i „kolateralnim žrtvama“. Tek se posljednjih petnaestak godina primjećuje veći interes javnosti i stručnjaka za ovu skupinu djece. Unatoč tome, malobrojna postojeća istraživanja nisu uspjela do kraja objasniti utjecaj i posljedice roditeljevog izdržavanja kazne zatvora na dijete i obitelj. U literaturi nedostaju znanstvena istraživanja koja u fokusu imaju perspektivu djeteta, a u Hrvatskoj ne postoje istraživanja o ovoj temi u kojima su sudjelovala djeca. Svrha ovog rada je poboljšati razumijevanje načina života djece bivših zatvorenika. Rad se temelji na pregledu postojećih teorijskih spoznaja i provedenom kvalitativnom istraživanju putem polustrukturiranog intervjua. Sudionici istraživanja su punoljetne osobe čiji je roditelj tijekom djetinjstva bio na izvršavanju kazne zatvora. Formiran je prigodni uzorak metodom snježne grude. Cilj istraživanja bio je stjecanje uvida u doživljaje i iskustva odrastanja djece čiji su roditelji za vrijeme njihovog djetinjstva bili na izdržavanju kazne zatvora. Ispitivali su se utjecaji roditeljevog boravka u zatvoru na obiteljski život i život djeteta, odnos djeteta s roditeljem zatvorenikom i dostupni izvori podrške. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da sudionici iskustvo roditeljevog boravka u zatvoru procjenjuju negativnim. Utvrđen je negativan utjecaj iskustva na svakodnevni obiteljski život i zdravlje članova obitelji. Identificirane su brojne socijalne, ekonomske i emocionalne deprivacije uzrokovane roditeljevim boravkom u zatvoru. Činjenica da je ovo prvo istraživanje koje se bavi ovom problematikom iz perspektive djeteta u Republici Hrvatskoj govori o društvenom i znanstvenom značaju ovog rada, ali i potrebi da se zaštite prava djece i ovom problemu posveti znatno više pažnje u budućnosti. Temeljem pregleda literature i provedenog istraživanja, na kraju rada oblikovane su preporuke za unapređenje društvenog odgovora na potrebe djece zatvorenika iz socijalno-pedagoškog gledišta., Millions of children around the world grow up every day without one or both parents because they are serving prison sentence. According to the estimates of the Children of Prisoners Europe organization, 800 000 children are separated from their parents every day in Europe. The departure of a parent from the family due to serving a prison sentence leaves numerous short-term and long-term consequences for the child's life. Their needs and rights were neglected and unrecognized for years, which is why they were called "orphans of justice" and "collateral victims" in the literature. Only in the last fifteen years has been noticed a greater interest of the public and experts in this group of children. Despite this, the few existing studies have not been able to fully explain the impact and consequences of parental imprisonment on the child and family. There is a lack of scientific research in the literature that focuses on the child's perspective. In Croatia, there are no studies on this topic in which children participated. The purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of the lifestyle of children of ex-prisoners. The paper is based on an overview of existing theoretical knowledge and conducted qualitative research through a semi-structured interview. The research participants are adults who have had the experience that their parent was serving a prison sentence during their childhood. An appropriate sample was formed using the snowball method. The goal of the research was to gain insight into the growing up experiences of children whose parents were serving a prison sentence during their childhood. The effects of a parent's stay in prison on family life and the life of the child, the child's relationship with the imprisoned parent and available sources of support were examined. The results of the research showed that the participants evaluated the experience of their parents' stay in prison as negative. The negative impact of the experience on everyday family life and health was determined. Numerous social, economic and emotional deprivations caused by the parent's stay in prison have been identified. The fact that this is the first research in the Republic of Croatia that deals with this issue from a child's perspective speaks of the social and scientific significance of this work, but also the need to protect children's rights and pay much more attention to this problem in the future. Based on the literature review and the conducted research, at the end of the paper, recommendations for improving the social response to the needs of children of prisoners from a sociopedagogical point of view were formulated.

Budući da svjedočimo brojnim promjenama u suvremenom društvu, neke od važnijih koje se učestalo događaju jesu promjene u strukturi obitelji. Promjenom strukture mijenja se i cjelokupna dinamika obitelji te se pojavljuju mnogi izazovi u različitim aspektima života djece i majki. Uzmemo li u kontekst položaj žena u društvu općenito, evidentno je da majke iz jednoroditeljskih obitelji nailaze na brojne prepreke u svakodnevnom životu. Strategije suočavanja imaju važnu ulogu u prilagodbi na različite stresne situacije, a vođenje jednoroditeljske obitelji svakako donosi mnogo stresa i izazova te zahtijeva adekvatnu prilagodbu i adaptaciju. Te se prepreke, problemi i izazovi uvećavaju pa i akumuliraju kada je riječ o majkama čija djeca iskazuju probleme u ponašanju, posebice ako su njihove strategije suočavanja s rizicima i svakodnevnim nedaćama nefunkcionalne, neadekvatne i neučinkovite. U skladu s navedenim, cilj je ovog diplomskog rada istražiti na koje se sve načine majke iz jednoroditeljskih obitelji čije dijete manifestira probleme u ponašanju, suočavaju s rizicima, problemima i svakodnevnim životnim nedaćama. Rad je dio znanstvenog projekta „Specifična obilježja obitelji u riziku: doprinos planiranju kompleksnih intervencija“ FamResPlan financiranog od Hrvatske zaklade za znanost (IP-2014-09-9515)., Nowadays, modern society consists on continuous changes and some of the most important ones certainly are changes in family structure. It is noticable that changes in family structures influence the whole family dynamics and therefore numerous challenges start to appear in various life aspects of mothers and children. Mothers in single-parent families tend to expirience many obstacles in their everyday lives, especially because of gender inequality, which is still quite present. Coping strategies are important for adaptive behaviour to various stressful events, assuming that lives of single-mothers families frequently include major stressors and challanges. These obstacles, problems and challenges multiply in lives of mothers with children who manifest behaviour problems. Especially if their coping strategies with risks and everyday stress tend do be dysfunctional or effortless.This master's thesis is a part of a science project „Specific Characteristics Of Families At Risk: Contribution to complex interventions plannig“ FamResPlan, funded by Croatian Science Foundation (IP-2014-09- 9515).