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Four series of carbazole derivatives, including N-substituted-hydroxycarbazoles, oxazinocarbazoles, isoxazolocarbazolequinones, and pyridocarbazolequinones, were studied using diverse biological test methods such as a CE-based assay for CK2 activity measurement, a cytotoxicity assay with IPC-81 cell line, determination of MIC of carbazole derivatives as antibacterial agents, a Plasmodium falciparum susceptibility assay, and an ABCG2-mediated mitoxantrone assay. Two oxazinocarbazoles Ib and Ig showed CK2 inhibition with IC50 = 8.7 and 14.0 µM, respectively. Further chemical syntheses were realized and the 7-isopropyl oxazinocarbazole derivative 2 displayed a stronger activity against CK2 (IC50 = 1.40 µM). Oxazinocarbazoles Ib, Ig, and 2 were then tested against IPC-81 leukemia cells and showed the ability to induce leukemia cell death with IC50 values between 57 and 62 μM. Further investigations were also reported on antibacterial and antiplasmodial activities. No significant inhibitory activity on ABCG2 efflux pump was detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of indeno[1,2-b]indole-9,10-dione derivativeswere synthesized as human casein kinase II (CK2) inhibitors. The mostpotent inhibitors contained a N5-isopropylsubstituent on the C-ring. The same series of compounds was foundto also inhibit the breast cancer resistance protein ABCG2 but withtotally different structure–activity relationships: a N5-phenethyl substituent was critical, and additionalhydrophobic substituents at position 7 or 8 of the D-ring or a methoxyat phenethyl position ortho or meta also contributed to inhibition.The best ABCG2 inhibitors, such as 4c, 4h, 4i, 4j, and 4k, behavedas very weak inhibitors of CK2, whereas the most potent CK2 inhibitors,such as 4a, 4p, and 4e, displayedlimited interaction with ABCG2. It was therefore possible to convert,through suitable substitutions of the indeno[1,2-b]indole-9,10-dione scaffold, potent CK2 inhibitors into selectiveABCG2 inhibitors and vice versa. In addition, some of the best ABCG2inhibitors, which displayed a very low cytotoxicity, thus giving ahigh therapeutic ratio, and appeared not to be transported, constitutepromising candidates for further investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel compound, methyl 3-(quinolin-2-yl)indolizine-1-carboxylate (2) has been synthesized by cycloaddition reaction of 1-(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)pyridinium ylide (1) with methyl propiolate in presence of sodium hydride in THF. The structure of this compound was established by IR, ¹H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS data [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protein kinase CK2 is involved in regulating cellular processes, such as cell cycle, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, making it an attractive anticancer target. We previously described a prenyloxy-substituted indeno[1,2-b]indole (5-isopropyl-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroindeno[1,2-b]indole-9,10-dione (4p)) as a very potent inhibitor of CK2 holoenzyme (IC50 = 25 nM). Here, we report the broad-spectrum anticancer activity of 4p and provide substantial progress on its pharmacokinetic properties. Using a cell-based CK2 activity assay and live-cell imaging of cultured A431, A549, and LNCaP cancer cell lines, cellular CK2 target engagement was shown as well as strong antiproliferative, anti-migratory and apoptosis-inducing effects of 4p. Furthermore, evidence was found for the ability of 4p to disrupt A549 spheroid cohesion. A series of LC-MS/MS experiments revealed high and rapid cellular uptake (intracellular concentration is approximately 5 µM after 1 h incubation) and low metabolic stability of 4p. These results point to the value of 4p as a potent CK2 inhibitor with promising anticancer activities and should trigger future medicinal chemistry efforts to improve the drug-like properties of this compound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Casein kinase II (CK2) is an intensively studied enzyme, involved in different diseases, cancer in particular. Different scaffolds were used to develop inhibitors of this enzyme. Here, we report on the synthesis and biological evaluation of twenty phenolic, ketonic, and para-quinonic indeno[1,2-b]indole derivatives as CK2 inhibitors. The most active compounds were 5-isopropyl-1-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroindeno[1,2-b]indole-9,10-dione 4h and 1,3-dibromo-5-isopropyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroindeno[1,2-b]indole-9,10-dione 4w with identical IC50 values of 0.11 µM. Furthermore, the development of a QSAR model based on the structure of indeno[1,2-b]indoles was performed. This model was used to predict the activity of 25 compounds with naphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione derivatives, which were previously predicted as CK2 inhibitors via a molecular modeling approach. The activities of four naphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione derivatives were determined in vitro and one of them (N-isopentyl-2-methyl-4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydronaphtho[2,3-b]furan-3-carboxamide) turned out to inhibit CK2 with an IC50 value of 2.33 µM. All four candidates were able to reduce the cell viability by more than 60% after 24 h of incubation using 10 µM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title compound, C21H16N2O3, consists of an indazolone moiety, bearing a phenyl group, fused to a phthalazine ring system (r.m.s. deviation = 0.018 Å). The phenyl ring is almost normal to the mean plane of the five-membered ring of the indazolone moiety, making a dihedral angle of 89.64 (7)°. The six-membered ring of the indazolone moiety has an envelope conformation, with the central methyl-ene C atom as the flap. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked via C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming slabs parallel to the bc plane. The slabs are linked via C-H⋯π and π-π inter-actions [the shortest inter-centroid distance involving rings of pyrazolo-phthalazine moieties is 3.6430 (8) Å], forming a three-dimensional structure.

In the title compound, C22H18N2O4, the three fused rings of the pyrazolo-phthalazine moiety are coplanar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.027 Å). The cyclo-hexene ring fused to the pyrazolidine ring, so forming the indazolophthalazine unit, has a half-chair conformation. The benzene ring is almost normal to the mean plane of the pyrazolo-phthalazine moiety, with a dihedral angle of 87.21 (6)° between their planes. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming inversion dimers. The dimers are linked via C-H⋯π inter-actions, forming slabs parallel to (100). Between the slabs there are weak π-π inter-actions [shortest inter-centroid distance = 3.6664 (9) Å], leading to the formation of a three-dimensional structure.