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Session parallèle proposée dans le cadre des Journées Abes 2023. Le service Autorités et Référentiels de l’Abes reçoit des sollicitations, parfois ponctuelles, parfois dans le cadre de projets financés (CollEx-Persée, ANR, FNSO). En parallèle, l‘Abes et le laboratoire LARHRA échangent régulièrement au sujet des renouvellements méthodologiques de la recherche, en particulier en SHS, induits par le développement des technologies numériques. Lors de cette session, l’Abes et le laboratoire LARHRA exposeront les résultats de leur expérience. A l’issue, vous disposerez de guides, de garde-fous et d’illustrations, à même d’être réutilisés afin d’assurer un plus haut degré d’interopérabilité des jeux de données de votre établissement. En tant que professionnel de la documentation, vous êtes confronté à des jeux de données ? Cette session est pour vous !

The poster presents the definition of the mapping between the EpiDoc encoding schema and CIDOC CRM, the most relevant ontology in the field of Cultural Heritage, provided by the ItAnt project. The project "Languages and Cultures of Ancient Italy. Historical Linguistics and Digital Models" aims to investigate the languages of Ancient Italy by combining the traditional methods, proper to historical linguistics, with methods and technologies proper to the Digital Humanities. The languages of ancient Italy are documented almost exclusively in epigraphic texts and the creation of the first digital archive of their documentation according to the TEI/EpiDoc Guidelines is one of the main objectives of the project. In order to foster future interoperability and integration with other external datasets, a paramount concern of the project, we are mapping the EpiDoc schema to the CIDOC CRM ontology, in particular to its CRMtex extension, an ontological model developed to support the study of ancient documents by identifying relevant textual entities and by modelling the scientific process related to their investigation and features. CRMtex defines classes and properties for describing a handwritten text in all its aspects, from its creation in the past, down to its present conservation, investigation and study by scholars, including its transcription, translation, interpretation and publication. The full compatibility of CRMtex with the CIDOC CRM ontology and its extensions ensures persistent interoperability of data encoded by means of its entities with other semantic information produced in Cultural Heritage and Digital Humanities., The paper is partially supported by the Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca, Italy [PRIN 2017XJLE8J]

CRMsurv is an unofficial but formal extension of CIDOC_CRM, co-developed in the Semafora project. It models and represents essential data points for integrating archaeological survey data. It is curated using OntoME, a tool for community based FAIR formal ontology data management.This ontology extends the CIDOC CRM 6.2 ontology data standard for cultural heritage data in order to provide classes and properties necessary to describe unique aspects of the archaeological survey process. It also makes use of classes and properties of the CIDOC CRM extensions CRMArchaeo 1.4.1 and CRMsci 1.2.3. The ontology is intended to support researchers interested in integrating archaeology survey data using the CIDOC CRM.

CRMsurv is an unofficial but formal extension of CIDOC_CRM, co-developed in the Semafora project. It models and represents essential data points for integrating archaeological survey data. It is curated using OntoME, a tool for community based FAIR formal ontology data management. This ontology extends the CIDOC CRM 6.2 ontology data standard for cultural heritage data in order to provide classes and properties necessary to describe unique aspects of the archaeological survey process. It also makes use of classes and properties of the CIDOC CRM extensions CRMArchaeo 1.4.1 and CRMsci 1.2.3. The ontology is intended to support researchers interested in integrating archaeology survey data using the CIDOC CRM.

Mit duerer.online – Virtuelles Forschungsnetzwerk Albrecht Dürer entsteht ein virtuelles Forschungsnetzwerk zu Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528). Das von der DFG seit 2020 geförderte Projekt baut eine zukunftsfähige Forschungsumgebung mit vollständigem Werkverzeichnis der Druckgraphik, Gemälde und Zeichnungen des Künstlers sowie dessen Nachlebens auf und setzt dabei auf anschlussfähige offene Formate gemäß der FAIR-Prinzipien unter Verwendung von Semantic-Web-Standards. Ein Beitrag zur 9. Tagung des Verbands "Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum" - DHd 2023 Open Humanities Open Culture.

"Das Forschungscluster Open Heritage am Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (MfN) vereint Projekte aus verschiedenen Forschungsbereichen und Sammlungen des Museums, die sich mit der Analyse, Erschließung und Reflexion der Sammlung im globalen Kontext beschäftigen. Sie alle verbindet die Frage, wie die Sammlung des MfN zu einer global zugänglichen Wissensressource für die Zukunft wird. Dafür werden im Cluster Strategien und Werkzeuge entwickelt. Der Beitrag stellt eine Auswahl an Projekten vor, die sich mit der Erforschung der Provenienz der Objekte beschäftigen, und beleuchtet ausgehend von ihren individuellen Gegenstandsbereichen, Fragestellungen und ihrem Forschungsmaterial die entwickelten digitalen Erschließungskonzepte. Dabei machen die vorgestellten Fallstudien Herausforderungen und Potenziale der Provenienzforschung sichtbar: Sammlungsbestände und die dazugehörige Dokumentation liegen in der Regel nicht nur in einer Sammlung – wie der des MfN – räumlich verteilt vor, sondern machen auch Netzwerke der Verteilung und Verbindungen mit anderen Akteur*innen, Institutionen oder Orten sichtbar." Ein Beitrag zur 9. Tagung des Verbands "Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum" - DHd 2023 Open Humanities Open Culture.

This article addresses an important aspect of the built heritage documentation, which concerns encoding information about a building in a formal way, making it available for reuse by the research community. Formal ontologies allow structuring and integrating information from heterogeneous sources without loss of semantic information. In the field of Cultural Heritage (CH), the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) ontology is well known and widely accepted as it provides definitions and a formal structure to describe the implicit and explicit concepts and relationships used in the CH documentation. One of its extensions, the CRMba model, has been specifically designed to document information on a built structure and its components. In this work, we have applied the CRMba model to the documentation of Roman architectures, in particular, Roman amphitheatres, demonstrating how the semantic model allows encoding information about the structure of the building and its evolution over time and space, stressing on the concepts of “empty spaces” and “functional spaces” defined by form, and focusing on the relationship between form and function. The aim of the work is to explore the potentiality of the model and to provide, through a series of examples supported by graphs, standard encoding procedures to be reused by scholars dealing with similar case studies.

Western thought in European history was mainly affected by the image of the world created during the Middle Ages and Renaissance. The most popular reason to travel during the Middle Ages was taking a pilgrimage. Jerusalem, Rome, and Santiago de Compostela were the most popular destinations. It is not surprising that a lot of works written by travellers as guides for pilgrims exist. By the beginning of the Renaissance, a more precise image of the world was defined, thanks to the discovery of ancient geographical models, especially the work of Ptolemy. The Italian National Research Project (PRIN) IMAGO --- Index Medii Aevi Geographiae Operum --- (2020-2023) aims to provide a systematic overview of the medieval and renaissance Latin geographical literature using the Semantic Web technologies and the LOD paradigm. Indeed, until now, this literature has not been studied using digital methods. In particular, this article presents how we formally represented the knowledge about the toponyms, or place names, in the IMAGO ontology. To maximise the interoperability, we developed the IMAGO ontology as an extension of two reference vocabularies: the CIDOC CRM and its extension FRBRoo, including its in-progress reformulation, LRMoo. Furthermore, we used Wikidata as reference knowledge base. As case study, we chose to represent the knowledge related to the toponyms cited by the Italian poet Dante Alighieri in his Latin works. We carried out a first experiment for visualising the knowledge about these toponyms on a map and in the form of tables and CSV files.

This deliverable describes the activities carried out during the four years of the ARIADNEplus project on the implementation of the ARIADNEplus Ontology within Task 4.4 of Work Package 4 (WP4). Other Tasks of WP4, including the operation of the help desk, the procedure for mapping datasets to the data model and supporting the 3M mapping tool, and the integration of digital libraries were reported in Deliverable D4.3. Related work has taken place under WP2 (Extending and Supporting the ARIADNE community), WP5 (Extending the ARIADNEplus data infrastructure), WP12 (data integration and interoperability), and WP14 (The ARIADNEplus knowledge management system), and these provide the focus of other deliverables (D2.5, D5.4, D12.5, and D14.2). The overall objective of WP4 was to Integrate the datasets of the Archaeological Research Communities, and Task 4.4 was focussed on Implementing the ARIADNE ontology - the AO-Cat - and the ontology extensions, known as application profiles, to specific sub-domains of archaeology and archaeological science. The work was organised in subtasks by domain. In this report we finalise the presentation of the AO-Cat in Section 3. The outcome of progress on each of the fourteen potential application profiles is reported in Section 4. In Deliverable D4.2 we presented three case studies in detail (for Heritage Science, Bio-Archaeology and Ancient DNA, and Inscriptions). In Section 5 of this deliverable we present one further case study for Fieldwork activities, an extensive investigation of how the ARIADNE Ontology can be used to model particularly complex and articulated scenarios of archaeological investigations and activities. The results achieved by Task 4.4 (in collaboration with WP14) have gone far beyond the expectations framed at the beginning of the project. Indeed, the development process of the application profiles and their systematisation as part of the general ARIADNE ontological framework have not only allowed the efficient and complete representation of the entire ARIADNE information ecosystem, but have also greatly contributed to the advancement of research in the field of the development of ontologies and conceptual models for cultural heritage. Of particular note was the development of the AO-Cat, a completely new standard that allowed us to construct the ARIADNE Catalogue in an effective and straightforward way, and to achieve an outstanding level of integration of over three million archaeological resources encompassing all sub-domains. The AO-Cat has proved to be perfectly adequate and sufficient for modelling data on palaeo-anthropology (subtask 4.4.1), maritime and underwater archaeology (subtask 4.4.11) and for most of the information in the domains of environmental archaeology (subtask 4.4.3) and public archaeological finds (subtask 4.4.7), in which the extensive use of controlled vocabularies to assign specific concepts to each of the defined instances has also allowed to reach a particularly extensive level of integration. The fact that a slightly modified version of the AO-Cat is now proving itself fit for purpose for data aggregation of maritime heritage data drawn from all of the constituent nations of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland demonstrates its applicability to projects beyond ARIADNE. The AO-Cat has also proved to be efficient in combination with the extensions of the CIDOC CRM ecosystem used for field survey information (subtask 4.4.6 in combination with CRMarchaeo), standing structures (subtask 4.4.9, in interaction with CRMba) and inscriptions (subtask 4.4.13 together with CRMtex). In some cases it was sufficient to combine AO-Cat with a specialised service, such as that of spatio-temporal ARIADNEplus D4.4 (Public) 6 data (subtask 4.4.10) set up for interoperability of geographical information, to achieve optimal integration without any need to define additional dedicated conceptual tools. Among the new models, in addition to the AO-Cat, the development of the application profile for scientific data (CRMhs, for subtasks 4.4.4 and 4.4.5) and for bio-archaeology and ancient DNA (subtask 4.4.2) was also of considerable interest. These are two entirely new models, harmonised with each other, and devoted to the study of the specific problems of heritage science. The classes and properties introduced by these models have also proved to be of great use in other subdomains. In fact, one of the most interesting strategies adopted in the development phase was the reuse of models previously defined in ARIADNEplus, (CRMhs and aDNA in particular) for the definition of subsequent application profiles, such as those for remote sensing (subtask 4.4.8) and burials (4.4.14). In this case, the conceptual foundations and the logic with which the reused entities had previously been defined in the original ontologies have also been taken up and adapted to the rationales of the new models. A very sophisticated case was that of fieldwork activity (task 4.4.12), where the complexity of the domain and of the multiple events and activities that it involves required the deployment of most of the ARIADNE Ontology models alongside CRMarchaeo for the development of the application profile. The definition of such an assorted and well-orchestrated set of ontological models is an extraordinary achievement for a project like ARIADNEplus which has put integration and interoperability at the heart of its research programme. Beyond their immediate usefulness for the construction of the ARIADNE semantic data space, the importance of this development work lies in the ability to conceptually model the infinite facets of a complex domain such as that of archaeology. The application profiles are innovative tools, ready to be used in external contexts, as an effective standard for the information of other research domains. The ARIADNE Ontology is squarely placed in the family of CIDOC CRM ontologies, which it enriches and with which it forms a synergistic system for modelling any type of information produced by the domains of Cultural Heritage and Heritage Science., {"references":["Aspöck, E., Theodoridou, M. and Felicetti, A. 2022. Types of burial data and proposal of a Mortuary Data Application Profile for ARIADNEplus (WP4.4.14) (1.2). ARIADNEplus Project. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7252485","Bombini, A., Castelli, L., dell'Agnello, L., Felicetti, A., Giacomini, F., Niccolucci, F. and Taccetti, F., 2021. CHNet cloud: an EOSC-based cloud for physical technologies applied to cultural heritages. In Proceedings of the Conferenza GARR 2021 - Sostenibile/Digitale. Dati e tecnologie per il futuro; GARR., Ed. Associazione Consortium GARR, Vol. Selected Papers. https://doi.org/10.26314/GARR-Conf21- proceedings-09.","Castelli, L., Felicetti, A. and Proietti, F. 2021. Heritage Science and Cultural Heritage: standards and tools for establishing cross-domain data interoperability. International Journal of Digital Libraries, 22, 279–287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00799-019-00275-2.","Correia, M.-J, and Santos Silva, A.. forthcoming. Aggregating Historic Buildings information in the ARIADNE catalogue. Internet Archaeology","de Haas, T. and van Leusen, M. 2020. FAIR survey: improving documentation and archiving practices in archaeological field survey through CIDOC CRM. FastiOnline - FOLD&R Archaeological Survey Series, Nr.12, The Journal of Fasti Online http://www.fastionline.org/docs/FOLDER-sur-2020-12.pdf","Felicetti, A., Gerth, P., Meghini, C. and Theodoridou, M. 2015. Integrating het-erogeneous coin datasets in the context of archaeological research, Paola Ronzino and Franco Niccolucci (eds.): Extending, Mapping and Focusing the CIDOC CRM (CRMEX 2015) Workshop, 19th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries (TPDL 2015), Poznan, Poland, September 17, 2015. https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1656/paper2.pdf.","Felicetti, A. and Galluccio, I. 2021. Retrieving and Integrating Archaeo-logical Data on the Web. The Herculaneum Case Study. Börner, Wolfgang; Kral-Börner, Christina; Rohland, Hendrik. Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Cultural Heritage and New Technologies. 2021. https://doi.org/10.11588/propylaeum.747.","Felicetti, A. and Murano, F. 2021a. Ce qui est écrit et ce qui est parlé. CRMtex for modelling textual entities on the Semantic Web. Semantic Web Journal, Vol.12(2), 169-180. https://doi.org/10.3233/SW-200418.","Felicetti, A. and Murano, F. 2021b. Semantic modeling of textual entities: The CRMtex model and the ontological description of ancient texts. Umanistica Digitale, 11, 163–175. https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2532-8816/13674.","Kandel, A.W., Kanaeva, Z. and Haidle, M.N. forthcoming. The Aggregation of ROAD Data in the ARIADNE Pipeline: Pitfalls and Successes. Internet Archaeology","Katsianis, M., Nenova, D., Bruseker, G., Derudas, P., Felicetti, A., Hiebel, G., Hivert, F., Martlet, O., Opitz, R., Richards, J., Roulet, T., Styliaras, G., Smith Ore, C-E. and Uleberg, E. 2022. Archaeological Excavation Modelling Working Group: WP 4.4.12 excavation data, ARIADNE Project. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7377910.","Katsianis, M., Styliaras, G., Bruseker, G., Derudas, P., Hiebel, G., Hivert, F., Kritsotakis, V., Martlet, O., Nenova, D., Nurra F., Smith Ore, C-E. and Theodoridou, M. 2022. Virtual Workshop on Semantic mapping of archaeological excavation data, ARIADNE Project. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7112918.","Kritsotaki, A., Fafalios, P. and Doerr, M. 2022. SeaLiT Ontology - An extension of CIDOC-CRM for the modelling of Maritime History information https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6797750.","Novák, D. and Hasil J. 2022. An analysis of spatial data and how it can be integrated into the AOCAT\". ARIADNEplus Project. https://ariadne-infrastructure.eu/wpcontent/ uploads/2021/12/T4_4_10_Final_Report_public_v1.pdf.","Opitz, R., Štular, B., Felicetti, A. and Novák, D. 2022. Recommendations and Application Profile Proposal for archaeological remote and near-surface sensing data in ARIADNEplus. ARIADNEplus Project. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6373050.","Psonis, N., Tabakaki, E., and Vassou, D. 2022. Ancient DNA glossary (1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7433124","Ronzino, P., Toth, A., and Falcidieno, B. 2022. Documenting the Structure and Adaptive Reuse of Roman Amphitheatres through the CIDOC CRMba Model. ACM Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 15(2): 36:1-36:23. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3485466."]}

This deliverable presents the activities carried out by the partners during the second half of the ARIADNEplus project within Work Package 14 (WP14 - JRA3 - The ARIADNEplus knowledge management system) and describes the results of the four WP14 tasks: Task 14.1 – Monitoring knowledge integration (JRA3.1) Task 14.2 – Application profiles (JRA3.2) Task 14.3 – Vocabularies and gazetteers (JRA3.3) Task 14.4 – Assessing the CRM extensions (JRA3.4). The overall objectives of WP14 are presented in Section 2 while Sections 3, 4, 5 and 6 present the detailed work in Tasks 14.1, 14.2, 14.3 and 14.4 respectively. Work in WP14 is closely related to other work packages and more specifically to WP4 where the ARIADNEplus ontology and specific extensions, the application profiles, to specific sub-domains of archaeology and archaeological science, are being implemented. Deliverables of WP4 provide a detailed description of the AO-Cat (D4.2 - Initial report on ontology implementation) and the progress on the application profiles (D4.4 - Final report on ontology implementation, due at the end of the project). Whenever necessary, references to other deliverables will be provided. Overall, the activities of WP14 were carried out successfully and with very good cooperation with other interlinked work packages such as WP4, 5, and 12. Activity Dash, integrated into the projects’ infrastructure, was used to monitor the aggregation process, with 62 active workflows creating and recording the aggregation progress status of all the data providers. The development of the application profiles was carried out in close collaboration between the partners of 14.2 and 4.4 and led to the release of four stable fundamental application profiles for the specific research domains of inscriptions, marks, graffiti and other textual entities, ancient DNA analysis, heritage science scientific analysis and mortuary archaeology. The classes and properties that constitute each application profile are borrowed from existing ontological models or derived from them and are fully compatible with the AO-Cat general model and the CIDOC CRM, which form the backbone of ARIADNEplus. Work on multilingual vocabularies was carried out in close collaboration with WP5 on vocabulary integration via mappings from partner vocabularies to the Getty Art and Architecture Thesaurus (AAT) and via the PeriodO framework for temporal periods (see also WP5 Deliverables and the User Manual for the ARIADNEplus Data Aggregation Pipeline). The assessment of the CRM extensions included testing integrated data from the fields of numismatics, epigraphies and mortuary archaeology. A semantic search demonstrator was built to query and test the numismatic and epigraphic data integrated to the item-level. The mapping of Thanados1 database to the infrastructure was used to test the mortuary data AP., {"references":["AAT. 2022. About the AAT. https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/about.html","Aspöck, E., Theodoridou, M., Felicetti, A. 2022. Types of burial data and proposal of a Mortuary Data Application Profile for ARIADNEplus (WP4.4.14) (1.2). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7243781","Binding, C., Tudhope, D., Vlachidis, A. 2019. A study of semantic integration across archaeological data and reports in different languages. Journal of Information Science, 45(3), 364- 386. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551518789874","Eichert, S. (2021). Digital Mapping of Medieval Cemeteries: Case Studies from Austria and Czechia. Journal of Computational Cultural Heritage 14, 1 (3), pp. 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1145/3406535","Haperen, M.C. van (Leiden University) (2017): In Touch with the Dead: Early Medieval Grave Reopenings in the Low Countries. DANS. https://doi.org/10.17026/dans-x6b-bvgj","Harpring P. 2022. Getty Vocabularies: Issues Surrounding Diversity and Inclusion. Presentation at 20th European Networked Knowledge Organization Systems (NKOS) Workshop, JCDL 2022. https://nkoseu. github.io/2022/content/NKOS2022-presentation-harpring.pdf","PeriodO 2022. A gazetteer of period definitions for linking and visualizing data http://perio.do/","Shaw R, Rabinowitz A, Golden P, Kansa E. 2016. A sharing-oriented design strategy for Networked Knowledge Organization Systems. International Journal on Digital Libraries, 17(1), 49-61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00799-015-0164-0","Tzompanaki, K., & Doerr, M. (2012). Fundamental Categories and Relationships for Intuitive querying CIDOC-CRM based repositories. https://publications.ics.forth.gr/tech-reports/2012/2012.TR429_Intuitive_querying_CIDOC-CRM.pdf","Tzompanaki, K., & Doerr, M. (2012). A New Framework For Querying Semantic Networks. Museums and the Web 2012: the international conference for culture and heritage on-line, San Diego, CA, USA, April 11-14."]}

Research e-infrastructures, digital archives, and data services have become important pillars of scientific enterprise that in recent decades has become ever more collaborative, distributed, and data intensive. The archaeological research community has been an early adopter of digital tools for data acquisition, organization, analysis, and presentation of research results of individual projects. However, the provision of e-infrastructure and services for data sharing, discovery, access, and reuse has lagged behind. This situation has been addressed by ARIADNE. This EU-funded network has developed an e-infrastructure that enables data providers to register and provide access to their digital resources through the ARIADNE data portal, facilitating discovery, access, and research. ARIADNE has aggregated resources from over 30 data providers, spanning over 40 countries and 4 continents. The ARIADNE portal provides online access to over 3.2 million research resources, with the number increasing daily. In the current phase of the project, ARIADNEplus, there has been an explicit effort to increase the temporal and geographical range of resources, and to extend the thematic coverage. However, it is equally important that we do not simply create another data silo, just larger than previous efforts. The ARIADNE Knowledge Base is therefore based upon Linked Open Data technologies and is underpinned by a flexible and extensible architecture. We have also been keen not to “make a great heap” of all the data and, learning from previous data aggregation projects, we have defined a sub-set of the CIDOC-CRM as a strict ontology and paid close attention to data standards and controlled vocabularies to achieve a high level of interoperability. This paper will discuss some of the challenges of large-scale data integration and describe the approaches adopted to ensure that the ARIADNE Knowledge Base is an effective tool for resource discovery. It will seek to demonstrate how the portal can also be used to address major research questions, and how the Linked Open Data approach provides flexibility, with the portal architecture enabling multiple combinations and presentations of the same underpinning data., {"references":["Meghini, C., Scopigno, R., Richards, J.D. et al. 2017. \"ARIADNE: A Research Infrastructure for Archaeology\", Journal of Computing and Cultural Heritage 10.3, 1-27, https://doi.org/10.1145/3064527","Richards, J.D. and F. Niccolucci (eds.) 2019. The ARIADNE Impact. Archaeolingua, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4319058","Wright, H. and Richards, J.D. 2018. \"Reflections on Collaborative Archaeology and Large-Scale Online Research Infrastructures\", Journal of Field Archaeology, 43:sup1, S60-S67, https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2018.1511960"]}

Integration of data on coin finds into the ARIADNE portal presents a number of challenges, partly because the data is being provided not from primarily numismatic projects and institutions, but rather from disparate archaeological resources that integrate a wide range of artefacts and records. As a result, there is generally little focus on more specialised aspects of the numismatic data. This presentation looks at the issues with the Getty AAT with respect to numismatic data and also with using CIDOC CRM for modelling. Potentially, many of these problems can be mitigated by using the Nomisma vocabulary and ontology. For example, the vocabulary aims to provide persistent identifiers for all required concepts, such as all the denominations of the Augustan coinage system for which Getty is incomplete. work is ongoing with colleagues from ARIADNEplus to investigate ways in which the Nomisma vocabulary and ontology can be integrated into the aggregation portal in order to provide more easily implemented and granular standardised modelling, thus increasing both the quantity and quality of accessible data. Already, as an interim measure, building on pre-existing models in the ARIADNE portal, a CIDOC-based model has been developed that is being tested on datasets from a number of different data providers., {"references":["Debole, F., Meghini, C., Geser, G. and Tudhope, D. (n.d.). D15.2: Report on the ARIADNE Linked Data Cloud. Available at http://legacy.ariadne-infrastructure.eu/resources-2/deliverables/d15-2-report-on-the-ariadne-linked-data-cloud/","Gruber, E. and Meadows, A. (2021). 'Numismatics and Linked Open Data', ISAW Papers 20 (6). Available at http://hdl.handle.net/2333.1/q83bkdqf","Tolle, K., Wigg-Wolf, D. and Gruber, E. (2018). 'An Ontology for a Numismatic Island with Bridges to Others', in M. Matsumoto and E. Uleberg (eds.), Oceans of Data. Proceedings of the 44th Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology (Oxford) pp. 103–108."]}

The objectives of this document are: First, the analysis and description of the different types of mortuary data that are to be integrated in the ARIADNE infrastructure. Data types will be described in relation to the research workflow. Secondly, this document will provide recommendations for data providers mapping their mortuary data to the ARIADNE infrastructure for item-level integration. The so-called ARIADNE Mortuary Data Application Profile (AP) is an extension of the ARIADNE project ontology and based on the CIDOC CRM and extensions. It will enable users to cross-query datasets from different providers via the ARIADNE infrastructure.&nbsp

Silk is a particularly important material in European history. Its trade has facilitated the growth of new economic centres, stimulated the development of innovative weaving techniques, and allowed the creation of exceptional objects. While many institutions specialise in its conservation, this fragile Cultural Heritage is under threat. In this article, we explain the methodology used by the Horizon 2020 SILKNOW project to better promote these Cultural Heritage collections. We present the CIDOC CRM-based data model that we designed for the creation of a Knowledge Graph. We also present the methodology used to integrate, in the data model, the annotations generated by the analysis of texts and images. Finally, we present the SIlKNOW extension, designed to model the complex semantics describing the production process of silk fabrics.

Archaeological data repositories usually integrate excavation data archives as single data collections with restricted capacities to accommodate excavation data interoperability at the sub-collection level. This is largely due to the complexity of excavation data archives that are compiled with different tools and methodologies, use distinct conceptual descriptions at variable granularities, can often be unfinished or open-ended and may be linked to all sorts of digital data types, each with its own complicated production workflow. In the past decades, several attempts to adapt CIDOC-CRM in order to provide more explicit descriptions of the excavation domain have resulted in several model extensions (e.g. CRMarchaeo, CRMsc, CRMba). Each focuses on corresponding aspects of the excavation research process, while their combined usage holds an already demonstrated potential to support expressive data mappings at the sub-collection level. As part of the ongoing ARIADNEplus project, several CIDOC-CRM developers and domain experts have been working as a group and engaging in conceptual mapping exercises to address the practicalities of bringing excavation data descriptions together. In this presentation we will consider several issues that may be affecting the applicability of existing solutions and link these to our overall expectations/aspirations in terms of excavation data discoverability and reusability.

Within the Research Center HiMAT (History of Mining Activities in Tyrol and Adjacent Areas) different projects were conducted aiming to investigate mining activities in Tyrol and Salzburg from Prehistory to Middle Ages. Within them not only existing research data, freely available information or material from previous publications were reused, but the research data of the projects in return flowed e.g. into the ongoing project “Information Integration for Prehistoric Mining Archaeology”. One goal of this project is to investigate more closely the regions Brixental (Tyrol) and Mitterpinzgau (Salzburg), located between the well-studied mining areas of Unterinntal and Mitterberg. One method used for this purpose are GIS-analyses, with which potential regions for unknown sites are determined based on known sites. This analysis included processed research data from previous projects, as well as various freely available geodata, such as availability of water or geographic features extracted from surface models, e.g slope or exposure. The data from previous research projects come e.g. from “Open Research Data for Mining Archaeology”, which objective was to process the generated research data from surveys and excavations conducted in the project “Prehistoric copper production in the Eastern and Central Alps” as FAIR [https://www.go-fair.org/fair-principles/] data and integrate them into the ARIADNEplus-portal [https://ariadne-infrastructure.eu/portal/]. Other projects like “Text Mining Medieval Mining Texts” aimed to transcribe medieval manuscripts, annotate them and extract and model their information. The historical sites were localized by reusing old map data [e.g. https://hik.tirol.gv.at/], gazetteers from previous projects [http://onomastik.at/content/flurnamendokumentation-im-bundesland-tirol] or published works [like Pirkl (1961): Geologie des Trias-Streifens und des Schwazer Dolomits südlich des Inn zwischen Schwaz und Wörgl (Tirol), in: Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt 104.]. \All data were interoperably processed using the event-based CIDOC CRM [https://www.cidoc-crm.org/Version/ version-7.2] and uploaded to the LOD-cloud. Through interfaces like the Sparqling-Unicorn-plugin for QGIS [https:// github.com/sparqlunicorn/sparqlunicornGoesGIS], this data can be specifically queried for the analyses.

Markos Katsianis and Giorgos Styliaras (University of Patras) describeprevious work in building and implementing a conceptual model for 3D excavation research and discussed some of the challenges in archiving this dataset 10 plus years later, from the semantics point of view. The Paliambela Kolindros archaeological project in Greece, which became the testing ground for the advancement of a 3D documentation workflow between 2000-2010, provides the case-study. Within the ARIADNEplus consortium, the dataset was used to explore item-level integration within its infrastructure. In this respect, the initial excavation data model, which was mapped using CIDOC CRM v. 4.4.3, has been reworked to update its compatibility and explicitness with respect to the current CIDOC CRM family of models and the ARIADNE Data Model, as well as considering FAIR data provisions.

The ItAnt project investigates the languages of ancient Italy, whose only attestations consist in epigraphic evidence, focusing on Venetic, Oscan, Faliscan and Celtic languages. For this purpose, the project combines the traditional method proper to historical linguistics with the setting up of digital technologies, developing computational tools specifically designed to create a digital set of interrelated resources. 1st Challenge: TEI/Epidoc Encoding Inscriptions are collected in a digital corpus managed in a digital archive containing the formal representation of the texts leveraging the TEI/EpiDoc encoding schema. It was necessary to extend the schema, in order to encode the peculiarities of these texts, such as odd writing ductus, and to describe the information in more detail, such as a division of information on language and script. The archive is enriched with standard metadata describing linguistics and material information. ItAnt is experimenting with Domain-Specific Languages to deploy a system that can assist scholars in the creation of the textual digital resources. 2nd Challenge: Describing the Lexicon ItAnt is developing a multilingual computational lexicon, providing a structured and formal representation of the lexical items and their related information as well as for allowing for a semantic access to the corpus. Traditional methods of lemmatisation do not lend themselves to fragmentary attested languages, in many cases the relation between words and lemmas being difficult for various reasons, such as different graphic standards, difficult linguistic analysis, incomplete paradigms, etc. Furthermore, sense representation is problematic, since meanings can often be reconstructed only partially and hypothetically. 3rd Challenge: Applying Ontological Model ItAnt is testing the use of CRMinf and CRMtex extensions of CIDOC CRM, the de facto standard ontology in the Digital Humanities for the representation of the texts and their scientific interpretation in a semantic format. This is the first experiment of complete treatment of the information concerning epigraphic material through this ontology. 4th Challenge: Integrating Data Finally, ItAnt will interlink among the different datasets, creating a hub that will primarily integrate lexicon and epigraphy transcriptions, together with contextual metadata, bibliography, and, experimentally, the hermeneutic positions. 5th Challenge: Preservation Tools and resources produced and developed within the project will be made available through relevant European-wide Research Infrastructures, such as CLARIN and DARIAH. This will ensure both a long-term preservation of the resources produced and a high valorisation of this heritage., The paper is supported by the Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca, Italy [PRIN 2017XJLE8J]

Spatial Humanities 2022 Abstract for a long paper

Presentation at IMC Leeds 2019 in the session "Digital Materiality I: The Digital Edition and Materiality" (sponsored by Digital Medievalist)

This report isthe outcome of Sub-task 4.4.8 from the ARIADNEplus Project. Itmakes recommendations that will increase the findability of remote and near-surface sensing databy users from domains outside archaeology by using AAT vocabulary terms shared with non-archaeological domains and improving the reusability of the data through prioritising metadata most relevant to data analysis and interpretation.

Recently, many Resource Description Framework (RDF) data generation tools have been developed to convert geospatial and non-geospatial data into RDF data. Furthermore, there are several interlinking frameworks that find semantically equivalent geospatial resources in related RDF data sources. However, many existing Linked Open Data sources are currently sparsely interlinked. Also, many RDF generation and interlinking frameworks require a solid knowledge of Semantic Web and Geospatial Semantic Web concepts to successfully deploy them. This article comparatively evaluates features and functionality of the current state-of-the-art geospatial RDF generation tools and interlinking frameworks. This evaluation is specifically performed for cultural heritage researchers and professionals who have limited expertise in computer programming. Hence, a set of criteria has been defined to facilitate the selection of tools and frameworks. In addition, the article provides a methodology to generate geospatial cultural heritage RDF data and to interlink it with the related RDF data. This methodology uses a CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) ontology and interlinks the RDF data with DBpedia. Although this methodology has been developed for cultural heritage researchers and professionals, it may also be used by other domain professionals.