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60. Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR Using Different Sample Sources: Review of the Literature

Author

Torretta, Sara, primary, Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo, additional, Cristofaro, Valentina, additional, Ettori, Jacopo, additional, Solimeno, Lorenzo, additional, Battilocchi, Ludovica, additional, D’Onghia, Alessandra, additional, Bonsembiante, Anna, additional, Pignataro, Lorenzo, additional, Marchisio, Paola, additional, and Capaccio, Pasquale, additional

Published
2020
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64. Nonserologic test for COVID‐19: How to manage?

Author

Torretta, Sara, primary, Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo, additional, Cristofaro, Valentina, additional, Ettori, Jacopo, additional, Solimeno, Lorenzo, additional, Battilocchi, Ludovica, additional, D'Onghia, Alessandra, additional, Pignataro, Lorenzo, additional, and Capaccio, Pasquale, additional

Published
2020
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67. Transoral robotic submandibular sialadenectomy (TORSS)

Author

Capaccio, Pasquale, primary, Montevecchi, Filippo, additional, Meccariello, Giuseppe, additional, Cammaroto, Giovanni, additional, Magnuson, Jeffery Scott, additional, Pelucchi, Stefano, additional, Bresciani, Lorenzo, additional, and Vicini, Claudio, additional

Published
2020
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75. Prognostic Value of Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging Patterns in Sudden Hearing Loss.

Author

Conte, Giorgio, Di Berardino, Federica, Mastrapasqua, Rodolfo Francesco, Casale, Silvia, Scola, Elisa, Capaccio, Pasquale, Triulzi, Fabio, Pignataro, Lorenzo, and Zanetti, Diego

Subjects
MAGNETIC resonance imaging, SENSORINEURAL hearing loss, PROGNOSIS, CONDUCTIVE hearing loss, HYPERBARIC oxygenation
Abstract

Introduction: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is a relatively frequent disease, but a sensitive marker or a reliable test to identify the underlying cause is still unavailable. Neuroradiology appears to offer the most promising tools, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In a recent study from our group, we explored the ability of MRI to detect subtle changes in the inner ear compartments by means of a 3D-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence, aiming at identifying 3 distinct MRI patterns (haemorrhagic, inflammatory, brain-labyrinth barrier breakdown). In the present study, we contrasted the MRI patterns at onset with relevant prognostic factors, with the audiological features of each patient's SSHL and with treatment outcomes. Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 50 adult subjects (54.61 ± 18.26 years) with SSHL. They underwent an MRI within 72 h from admission, and 5 audiological evaluations: at admission, on the 5th day after the start of medical therapy, at the end of the first cycle of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, then 1 and 6 months later. Results: Abnormalities of the MRI signal and/or post-contrast enhancement asymmetry of the cochlea ("pattern+ MRI") correlated with worse audiological outcomes at 1 month, but the different MRI patterns were not correlated with any specific prognostic model, despite rigid protocol settings. However, a significant difference was found for low-tone SSHL, which were always "pattern" negative at MRI (p = 0.01), and for profound SSHL which demonstrated a pattern+ MRI in 80% (p = 0.04). At the onset of SSHL, a pattern+ MRI was found in 29/50 cases (58.0%) and was related with lesser degree of recovery of pure-tone average at 1 month and lesser chance to retain the hearing threshold benefit in the long term. Given the limited numbers of patients enrolled so far, the relative impact of comorbidities on each MRI pattern remains uncertain. At 6 months, we observed a trend of greater and more stable recovery (p = 0.023) and less frequent recurrence of SSHL in patients with a normal MRI. Conclusions: The 3 observed MRI patterns did not correlate consistently with specific audio-vestibular features or any peculiar aspect of the patient's clinical history. Larger series of patients with SSHL are needed, possibly from multicentric studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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81. Feasibility of 3D printed salivary duct models for sialendoscopic skills training: preliminary report

Author

Canzi, Pietro, primary, Capaccio, Pasquale, additional, Marconi, Stefania, additional, Conte, Giorgio, additional, Preda, Lorenzo, additional, Avato, Irene, additional, Aprile, Federico, additional, Gaffuri, Michele, additional, Occhini, Antonio, additional, Pignataro, Lorenzo, additional, Auricchio, Ferdinando, additional, and Benazzo, Marco, additional

Published
2019
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83. Multiple genetic lesions in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas

Author

Fracchiolla, Nicola S., Pignataro, Lorenzo, Capaccio, Pasquale, Trecca, Dino, Boletini, Alketa, Ottaviani, Antonio, Polli, Elio, Maiolo, Anna T., and Neri, Antonino

Subjects
Laryngeal cancer -- Genetic aspects, Squamous cell carcinoma -- Genetic aspects, Proto-oncogenes -- Physiological aspects, Tumor suppressor genes -- Physiological aspects, Health
Abstract

Background. To understand the molecular pathogenesis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs), this study investigated the involvement of various protooncogene loci (bcl-1, int-2, c-erbB-1, c-myc, ras) and the p53 tumor suppressor gene in 18 patients with LSCC (15 at clinical presentation, 3 in clinical relapse). Methods. For all patients, the mutations affecting the p53 and the H-, K-, and N-ras genes were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), single-strand conformation polymorphism, and the direct sequencing of PCR-amplified fragments. The bcl-1, int-2, c-erbB-1, and c-myc loci of 15 patients were investigated using Southern blot analysis. Results. A mutation of the p53 gene was detected in 5/18 patients ([nearly equal to]28%), bcl-1 locus amplification in 4/15 ([nearly equal to]26%), c-erbB-1 locus amplification in 2/15 ([nearly equal to]13%), and c-myc locus amplification in 1/15 ([nearly equal to]6%). The simultaneous presence of more than one genetic lesion was observed in four patients; two showed int-2/bcl-1 coamplification, and two int-2/c-erbB-1 coamplification, one of whom also showed a p53 gene mutation. A novel p53 mutation involving the splice acceptor site of exon 6 was detected in one patient. Two of the five patients positive for p53 mutations had clinical relapses of primary tumors. bcl-1 locus amplification only was observed in patients with lymph node metastases (4/6). All but one of the patients with molecular genetic lesions showed a peculiar infiltrating pattern. Conclusions. Overall, these results show that alterations of known protooncogenes and the p53 tumor suppressor gene are involved in a large proportion of LSCCs (11/18; [nearly equal to]60%) and may suggest that distinct molecular pathways occur in the pathogenesis of these tumors. Cancer 1995; 75:1292-1301.

Published
1995

86. Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR Using Different Sample Sources: Review of the Literature

Author

Torretta, Sara, Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo, Cristofaro, Valentina, Ettori, Jacopo, Solimeno, Lorenzo, Battilocchi, Ludovica, D’Onghia, Alessandra, Bonsembiante, Anna, Pignataro, Lorenzo, Marchisio, Paola, and Capaccio, Pasquale

Abstract

Objective: The most widely used diagnostic technique for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). It can be done on different samples: nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) or oropharyngeal swabs (OPS), and self-collected saliva. However, negative findings do not rule out infection.Methods: A review was conceived to discuss advantages and limitations of the available diagnostic modalities for nonserologic diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 based on RT-PCR; the article also proposes some practical suggestions to improve diagnostic reliability.Results: A total of 16 papers (corresponding to 452 patients) of the 56 initially identified were included. Most of the papers describe findings from different samples obtained in limited case series; comparative studies are missing.Conclusions: Diagnostic accuracy of NPS and OPS is suboptimal and the risk of contaminated aerosol dispersal is not negligible. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be found in self-collected saliva specimens of many infected patients within 7 to 10 days after symptom onset. There is an urgent need for comparative trials to define the diagnostic modality of choice. Adequate education and training of health care personnel is mandatory.

Published
2021
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87. CT Navigation and sialendoscopy-assisted transfacial removal of a parotid stone: A technical note.

Author

Capaccio, Pasquale, Bresciani, Lorenzo, Di Pasquale, Daniele, Gaffuri, Michele, Torretta, Sara, and Pignataro, Lorenzo

Abstract

Sialolithiasis is the most frequent nonneoplastic obstructive disease of the major salivary glands, being responsible for 60% to 70% of all obstructive salivary gland disorders.[1] Between 5% and 20% of all salivary stones are found in the parotid gland,[2] where they may remain clinically undetected for a long time or cause recurrent gland swelling and pain. Clear salivary flow was flushed out from the main parotid duct at the times of the follow-up clinical evaluations, and a US examination 6 months after surgery revealed restored salivary flow with no residual stones or duct dilation. Although CT navigation means more technical efforts and costs, as well as radiation for the patient, the combined CT and sialendoscopy-assisted approach is an acceptable solution for deep intraparenchymal, nonpalpable, and impacted parotid stones, especially those smaller than 7 mm, which cannot be seen or reached by interventional sialendoscopy. Although our findings need to be validated in a series of patients, they do show that the combination of CT navigation and sialendoscopy can guide surgery even in the case of deep, immobile, and impalpable parotid stones traditionally managed by ESWL or parotidectomy. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2019
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88. Sialendoscopy-assisted transfacial surgical removal of parotid stones

Author

Pasquale, Capaccio, Capaccio, Pasquale, Michelle, Gaffuri, Gaffuri, Michele, Lorenzo, Pignataro, and Pignataro, Lorenzo

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Lithotripsy, stomatognathic system, Surgical removal, Medicine, Humans, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures, Saliva, Shockwave lithotripsy, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Endoscopes, Salivary Gland Calculi, Surgical approach, business.industry, Dissection, Endoscopy, Parotidectomy, Middle Aged, Combined Modality Therapy, Combined approach, Surgery, Parotid gland, medicine.anatomical_structure, Otorhinolaryngology, Superficial Parotidectomy, Salivary Duct Calculi, Female, Radiology, Parotid Diseases, Oral Surgery, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Minimally invasive surgical approaches to parotid stones (such as extra-corporeal shockwave lithotripsy and sialendoscopy) have proved to be effective in a high percentage of cases, although success depends on factors such as the localisation of the stone, its size and its mobility. The failure rate of 10% is largely due to large and impacted stones and, in such cases, a combined external and sialendoscopic approach can be used to avoid morbidity and the risks of more invasive superficial parotidectomy. We treated eight patients with large parotid stones (>7 mm) using a sialendoscopy-assisted transfacial surgical approach that was effective in all but one case, which was successfully solved by combining this procedure with extra-corporeal lithotripsy and operative sialendoscopy. Our results confirm that the combined approach is a valid alternative to parotidectomy for large parotid stones and should be added to other minimally invasive techniques aimed at restoring the function of the affected parotid gland.

Published
2014

94. Pathophysiology of sinusitis of odontogenic origin.

Author

Taschieri, Silvio, Torretta, Sara, Corbella, Stefano, Del Fabbro, Massimo, Francetti, Luca, Lolato, Alessandra, and Capaccio, Pasquale

Subjects
BACTERIOLOGY, BIOFILMS, SINUSITIS, OTOLARYNGOLOGY, DENTAL extraction
Abstract

Sinusitis of odontogenic origin, which is frequently encountered in routine otolaryngological and dental clinical practice, has been described as a reactive maxillary inflammation secondary to maxillary tooth infection or trauma to an odontogenic disease of maxillary bone, dental extractions, implant placement, or endodontic treatment impairing the integrity of the Schneiderian membrane. The aim of the present review was to investigate and discuss the most recent pathophysiological findings, predisposing odontogenic factors, microbiology, and the possible involvement of bacterial biofilms (BB) in the development of sinusitis. The narrative literature review showed that there might be a correlation between the bacteria present in pathological teeth in communication with the sinus and those found in infected sinus. The formation of a BB might be also involved in the etiopathogenesis of sinusitis of odontogenic origin. In conclusion, the true origin of odontogenic sinusitis is still unresolved. In clinical terms, the choice of suitable therapy depends on the characteristics of the biofilm. Further microbiological studies are required to better investigate the role of BB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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