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52. Root traits vary as much as leaf traits and have consistent phenotypic plasticity among 14 populations of a globally widespread herb.

Author

Dawson, Wayne, Bòdis, Judit, Bucharova, Anna, Catford, Jane A., Duncan, Richard P., Fraser, Lauchlan, Groenteman, Ronny, Kelly, Ruth, Moore, Joslin L., Pärtel, Meelis, Roach, Deborah, Villellas, Jesus, Wandrag, Elizabeth M., Finn, Alain, and Buckley, Yvonne M.

Subjects
PHENOTYPIC plasticity, VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas, HERBS, ABIOTIC environment, WATER supply, ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
Abstract

Copyright of Functional Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
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54. Multiple facets of biodiversity drive the diversity–stability relationship

Author

Craven, Dylan, Eisenhauer, Nico, Pearse, William D., Hautier, Yann, Isbell, Forest, Roscher, Christiane, Bahn, Michael, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Bönisch, Gerhard, Buchmann, Nina, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Craine, Joseph M., De Luca, Enrica, Ebeling, Anne, Griffin, John N., Hector, Andy, Hines, Jes, Jentsch, Anke, Kattge, Jens, Kreyling, Jürgen, Lanta, Vojtech, Lemoine, Nathan, Meyer, Sebastian T., Minden, Vanessa, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Polley, H. Wayne, Reich, Peter B., van Ruijven, Jasper, Schamp, Brandon, Smith, Melinda D., Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Tilman, David, Weigelt, Alexandra, Wilsey, Brian, and Manning, Peter

Published
2018
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57. Plant geographic distribution influences chemical defenses in native and introducedPlantago lanceolatapopulations

Author

Medina-van Berkum, Pamela, primary, Schmöckel, Eric, additional, Bischoff, Armin, additional, Carrasco-Farias, Natalia, additional, Catford, Jane A., additional, Feldmann, Reinart, additional, Groten, Karin, additional, Henry, Hugh A. L., additional, Bucharova, Anna Lampei, additional, Hänniger, Sabine, additional, Luong, Justin C., additional, Meis, Julia, additional, Oetama, Vincensius S.P., additional, Pärtel, Meelis, additional, Power, Sally A., additional, Villellas, Jesus, additional, Welk, Erik, additional, Wingler, Astrid, additional, Rothe, Beate, additional, Gershenzon, Jonathan, additional, Reichelt, Michael, additional, Roscher, Christiane, additional, and Unsicker, Sybille B., additional

Published
2023
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59. The use of species traits in invasive seaweed research: a systematic review

Author

Mabey, Abigail L., Rius, Marc, Smale, Dan A., and Catford, Jane A.

Subjects
macroalgae, Characteristics, non-native, non-indigenous, functional traits
Abstract

Species traits have been used extensively in invasion science, providing common metrics across taxa and ecosystems that enable comparisons based on the functional responses and effects of biota. However, most work on traits in invasion science has focused on terrestrial plants, despite the vulnerability of aquatic ecosystems to invasive species, such as invasive seaweeds. Research that focuses on individual species of invasive seaweeds has intensified in recent years, yet few studies have synthesised the information learned on species traits to identify commonalities or knowledge gaps in invasion science. Through a systematic review of 322 papers that investigate the traits of seaweed species from across the globe, here we ask – what are the trends and gaps in research that investigates traits of invasive seaweeds? To address this question, we aimed to: (1) identify publication rates and characteristics of the studies examining traits of invasive seaweeds; (2) clarify which and how many species have been investigated; and (3) assess which traits have been measured and how those traits have been used. Our review revealed that study regions for research on invasive seaweed traits were concentrated in Europe and North America. In addition, we found a total of 158 species that have been investigated, with a large proportion of studies (35%) focusing on just two species, Sargassum muticum and Undaria pinnatifida. Our study revealed that the most researched traits were morphological, which were used to address a wide range of research questions. Key research gaps included relatively few studies from Africa, Asia and South America, a lack of papers researching more than one species and a lack of measurements of biomechanical traits. Altogether, this review provides a thorough overview of research progress on species traits of invasive seaweeds and highlights the existing knowledge gaps that may lead to new ways in which the traits of invasive seaweeds can be used to answer important ecological questions.

Published
2023

61. Contributors

Author

Acuña, Vicenç, primary, Akinsete, Ebun, additional, Bendix, Jacob, additional, Birk, Sebastian, additional, Bormann, Helge, additional, Catford, Jane A., additional, Conallin, John, additional, Cross, Wyatt F., additional, Delpla, Ianis, additional, Bunn, Stuart E., additional, Elosegi, Arturo, additional, Escoriza, Daniel, additional, Feld, Christian K., additional, Ferreira, Teresa, additional, Fouchy, Kelly, additional, Garcia, Xavier, additional, Globevnik, Lidija, additional, Guse, Björn, additional, Kennard, Mark J., additional, Johnson, Sherri L., additional, Juvigny-Khenafou, Noel, additional, Kiesel, Jens, additional, Koundouri, Phoebe, additional, Lin, Qiaoyan, additional, Ludwig, Ralf, additional, Burrows, Ryan M., additional, Manning, David W.P., additional, Marshall, Jonathan C., additional, Matthaei, Christoph D., additional, McClain, Michael E., additional, Moncayo-Estrada, Rodrigo, additional, Mutz, Michael, additional, Negus, Peter M., additional, O’Brien, Gordon, additional, Olden, Julian D., additional, Penaluna, Brooke E., additional, Piggott, Jeremy J., additional, Pistocchi, Alberto, additional, Bond, Nick R., additional, Ramírez, Alonso, additional, Ríos-Touma, Blanca, additional, Rodriguez, Manuel J., additional, Ruhi, Albert, additional, Sabater, Sergi, additional, Schinegger, Rafaela, additional, St Jacques, Jeannine-Marie, additional, Stella, John C., additional, Sullivan, S. Mažeika P., additional, Tsani, Stella, additional, von Schiller, Daniel, additional, Wu, Zhijie, additional, Xiang, Hongyong, additional, and Zhang, Yixin, additional

Published
2019
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63. Compositional variation in grassland plant communities

Author

Bakker, Jonathan D., Price, Jodi N., Henning, Jeremiah A., Batzer, Evan E., Ohlert, Timothy J., Wainwright, Claire E., Adler, Peter B., Alberti, Juan, Arnillas, Carlos Alberto, Biederman, Lori A., Borer, Elizabeth T., Brudvig, Lars A., Buckley, Yvonne M., Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc W., Caldeira, Maria C., Catford, Jane A., Chen, Qingqing, Crawley, Michael J., Daleo, Pedro, Dickman, Chris R., Donohue, Ian, DuPre, Mary Ellyn, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Fay, Philip A., Gruner, Daniel S., Haider, Sylvia, Hautier, Yann, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes M. H., Lannes, Lucíola S., MacDougall, Andrew S., McCulley, Rebecca L., Mitchell, Rachel M., Moore, Joslin L., Morgan, John W., Mortensen, Brent, Olde Venterink, Harry, Peri, Pablo L., Power, Sally A., Prober, Suzanne M., Roscher, Christiane, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric W., Smith, Melinda D., Stevens, Carly, Sullivan, Lauren L., Tedder, Michelle, Veen, G. F. (Ciska), Virtanen, Risto, Wardle, Glenda M., Bakker, Jonathan D., Price, Jodi N., Henning, Jeremiah A., Batzer, Evan E., Ohlert, Timothy J., Wainwright, Claire E., Adler, Peter B., Alberti, Juan, Arnillas, Carlos Alberto, Biederman, Lori A., Borer, Elizabeth T., Brudvig, Lars A., Buckley, Yvonne M., Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc W., Caldeira, Maria C., Catford, Jane A., Chen, Qingqing, Crawley, Michael J., Daleo, Pedro, Dickman, Chris R., Donohue, Ian, DuPre, Mary Ellyn, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Fay, Philip A., Gruner, Daniel S., Haider, Sylvia, Hautier, Yann, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes M. H., Lannes, Lucíola S., MacDougall, Andrew S., McCulley, Rebecca L., Mitchell, Rachel M., Moore, Joslin L., Morgan, John W., Mortensen, Brent, Olde Venterink, Harry, Peri, Pablo L., Power, Sally A., Prober, Suzanne M., Roscher, Christiane, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric W., Smith, Melinda D., Stevens, Carly, Sullivan, Lauren L., Tedder, Michelle, Veen, G. F. (Ciska), Virtanen, Risto, and Wardle, Glenda M.

Abstract

Human activities are altering ecological communities around the globe. Understanding the implications of these changes requires that we consider the composition of those communities. However, composition can be summarized by many metrics which in turn are influenced by different ecological processes. For example, incidence‐based metrics strongly reflect species gains or losses, while abundance‐based metrics are minimally affected by changes in the abundance of small or uncommon species. Furthermore, metrics might be correlated with different predictors. We used a globally distributed experiment to examine variation in species composition within 60 grasslands on six continents. Each site had an identical experimental and sampling design: 24 plots × 4 years. We expressed compositional variation within each site—not across sites—using abundance‐ and incidence‐based metrics of the magnitude of dissimilarity (Bray–Curtis and Sorensen, respectively), abundance‐ and incidence‐based measures of the relative importance of replacement (balanced variation and species turnover, respectively), and species richness at two scales (per plot‐year [alpha] and per site [gamma]). Average compositional variation among all plot‐years at a site was high and similar to spatial variation among plots in the pretreatment year, but lower among years in untreated plots. For both types of metrics, most variation was due to replacement rather than nestedness. Differences among sites in overall within‐site compositional variation were related to several predictors. Environmental heterogeneity (expressed as the CV of total aboveground plant biomass in unfertilized plots of the site) was an important predictor for most metrics. Biomass production was a predictor of species turnover and of alpha diversity but not of other metrics. Continentality (measured as annual temperature range) was a strong predictor of Sorensen dissimilarity. Metrics of compositional variation are moderately correlated: knowin

Published
2023

64. Environmental heterogeneity modulates the effect of plant diversity on the spatial variability of grassland biomass

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Daleo, Pedro, Alberti, Juan, Chaneton, Enrique J, Iribarne, Oscar, Tognetti, Pedro M, Bakker, Jonathan D, Borer, Elizabeth T, Bruschetti, Martín, MacDougall, Andrew S, Pascual, Jesús, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric W, Wang, Shaopeng, Bagchi, Sumanta, Brudvig, Lars A, Catford, Jane A, Dickman, Chris R, Dickson, Timothy L, Donohue, Ian, Eisenhauer, Nico, Gruner, Daniel S, Haider, Sylvia, Jentsch, Anke, Knops, Johannes M H, Lekberg, Ylva, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Mortensen, Brent, Ohlert, Timothy, Pärtel, Meelis, Peri, Pablo L, Power, Sally A, Risch, Anita C, Rocca, Camila, Smith, Nicholas G, Stevens, Carly, Tamme, Riin, Veen, G F Ciska, Wilfahrt, Peter A, Hautier, Yann, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Daleo, Pedro, Alberti, Juan, Chaneton, Enrique J, Iribarne, Oscar, Tognetti, Pedro M, Bakker, Jonathan D, Borer, Elizabeth T, Bruschetti, Martín, MacDougall, Andrew S, Pascual, Jesús, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric W, Wang, Shaopeng, Bagchi, Sumanta, Brudvig, Lars A, Catford, Jane A, Dickman, Chris R, Dickson, Timothy L, Donohue, Ian, Eisenhauer, Nico, Gruner, Daniel S, Haider, Sylvia, Jentsch, Anke, Knops, Johannes M H, Lekberg, Ylva, McCulley, Rebecca L, Moore, Joslin L, Mortensen, Brent, Ohlert, Timothy, Pärtel, Meelis, Peri, Pablo L, Power, Sally A, Risch, Anita C, Rocca, Camila, Smith, Nicholas G, Stevens, Carly, Tamme, Riin, Veen, G F Ciska, Wilfahrt, Peter A, and Hautier, Yann

Published
2023

65. Environmental heterogeneity modulates the effect of biodiversity on the spatial variability of grassland biomass

Author

Daleo, Pedro, Alberti, E., Chaneton, Enrique J., Iribarne, Oscar, Tognetti, Pedro M., Bakker, J.D., Borer, E.T., Bruschetti, M., MacDougall, A.S., Pascual, Jesús, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric W., Wang, S., Bagchi, S., Brudvig, Lars A., Catford, Jane A., Dickman, C. R., Dickson, T.L., Donohue, I., Eisenhauer, Nico, Gruner, D., Haider, S., Jentsch, Anke, Knops, Johannes M. H., Lekberg, Y., McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, J.L., Mortensen, Brent, Ohlert, Timothy, Pärtel, M, Peri, P.L., Power, S.A., Risch, A., Rocca, C., Smith, N., Stevens, Carly, Tamme, R., Veen, G.F., Wilfahrt, P.A., Hautier, Yann, Daleo, Pedro, Alberti, E., Chaneton, Enrique J., Iribarne, Oscar, Tognetti, Pedro M., Bakker, J.D., Borer, E.T., Bruschetti, M., MacDougall, A.S., Pascual, Jesús, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric W., Wang, S., Bagchi, S., Brudvig, Lars A., Catford, Jane A., Dickman, C. R., Dickson, T.L., Donohue, I., Eisenhauer, Nico, Gruner, D., Haider, S., Jentsch, Anke, Knops, Johannes M. H., Lekberg, Y., McCulley, Rebecca L., Moore, J.L., Mortensen, Brent, Ohlert, Timothy, Pärtel, M, Peri, P.L., Power, S.A., Risch, A., Rocca, C., Smith, N., Stevens, Carly, Tamme, R., Veen, G.F., Wilfahrt, P.A., and Hautier, Yann

Abstract

Plant productivity varies due to environmental heterogeneity, and theory suggests that plant diversity can reduce this variation. While there is strong evidence of diversity effects on temporal variability of productivity, whether this mechanism extends to variability across space remains elusive. Here we determine the relationship between plant diversity and spatial variability of productivity in 83 grasslands, and quantify the effect of experimentally increased spatial heterogeneity in environmental conditions on this relationship. We found that communities with higher plant species richness (alpha and gamma diversity) have lower spatial variability of productivity as reduced abundance of some species can be compensated for by increased abundance of other species. In contrast, high species dissimilarity among local communities (beta diversity) is positively associated with spatial variability of productivity, suggesting that changes in species composition can scale up to affect productivity. Experimentally increased spatial environmental heterogeneity weakens the effect of plant alpha and gamma diversity, and reveals that beta diversity can simultaneously decrease and increase spatial variability of productivity. Our findings unveil the generality of the diversity-stability theory across space, and suggest that reduced local diversity and biotic homogenization can affect the spatial reliability of key ecosystem functions.

Published
2023

66. Compositional variation in grassland plant communities

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Bakker, Jonathan d., Price, Jodi n., Henning, Jeremiah a., Batzer, Evan e., Ohlert, Timothy j., Wainwright, Claire e., Adler, Peter b., Alberti, Juan, Arnillas, Carlos alberto, Biederman, Lori a., Borer, Elizabeth t., Brudvig, Lars a., Buckley, Yvonne m., Bugalho, Miguel n., Cadotte, Marc w., Caldeira, Maria c., Catford, Jane a., Chen, Qingqing, Crawley, Michael j., Daleo, Pedro, Dickman, Chris r., Donohue, Ian, Dupre, Mary ellyn, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Fay, Philip a., Gruner, Daniel s., Haider, Sylvia, Hautier, Yann, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes m. h., Lannes, Lucíola s., Macdougall, Andrew s., Mcculley, Rebecca l., Mitchell, Rachel m., Moore, Joslin l., Morgan, John w., Mortensen, Brent, Olde venterink, Harry, Peri, Pablo l., Power, Sally a., Prober, Suzanne m., Roscher, Christiane, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric w., Smith, Melinda d., Stevens, Carly, Sullivan, Lauren l., Tedder, Michelle, Veen, G. f. (ciska), Virtanen, Risto, Wardle, Glenda m., Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Bakker, Jonathan d., Price, Jodi n., Henning, Jeremiah a., Batzer, Evan e., Ohlert, Timothy j., Wainwright, Claire e., Adler, Peter b., Alberti, Juan, Arnillas, Carlos alberto, Biederman, Lori a., Borer, Elizabeth t., Brudvig, Lars a., Buckley, Yvonne m., Bugalho, Miguel n., Cadotte, Marc w., Caldeira, Maria c., Catford, Jane a., Chen, Qingqing, Crawley, Michael j., Daleo, Pedro, Dickman, Chris r., Donohue, Ian, Dupre, Mary ellyn, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Fay, Philip a., Gruner, Daniel s., Haider, Sylvia, Hautier, Yann, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes m. h., Lannes, Lucíola s., Macdougall, Andrew s., Mcculley, Rebecca l., Mitchell, Rachel m., Moore, Joslin l., Morgan, John w., Mortensen, Brent, Olde venterink, Harry, Peri, Pablo l., Power, Sally a., Prober, Suzanne m., Roscher, Christiane, Sankaran, Mahesh, Seabloom, Eric w., Smith, Melinda d., Stevens, Carly, Sullivan, Lauren l., Tedder, Michelle, Veen, G. f. (ciska), Virtanen, Risto, and Wardle, Glenda m.

Published
2023

67. Nothing lasts forever : Dominant species decline under rapid environmental change in global grasslands

Author

Wilfahrt, Peter A., Seabloom, Eric W., Bakker, Jonathan D., Biederman, Lori, Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc W., Caldeira, Maria C., Catford, Jane A., Chen, Qingqing, Donohue, Ian, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Haider, Sylvia, Heckman, Robert W., Jentsch, Anke, Koerner, Sally E., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Laungani, Ramesh, MacDougall, Andrew, Martina, Jason P., Martinson, Holly, Moore, Joslin L., Niu, Yujie, Ohlert, Timothy, Venterink, Harry Olde, Orr, Devyn, Peri, Pablo, Pos, Edwin, Price, Jodi, Raynaud, Xavier, Ren, Zhengwei, Roscher, Christiane, Smith, Nicholas G., Stevens, Carly J., Sullivan, Lauren L., Tedder, Michelle, Tognetti, Pedro M., Veen, Ciska, Wheeler, George, Young, Alyssa L., Young, Hillary, Borer, Elizabeth T., Wilfahrt, Peter A., Seabloom, Eric W., Bakker, Jonathan D., Biederman, Lori, Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc W., Caldeira, Maria C., Catford, Jane A., Chen, Qingqing, Donohue, Ian, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Haider, Sylvia, Heckman, Robert W., Jentsch, Anke, Koerner, Sally E., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Laungani, Ramesh, MacDougall, Andrew, Martina, Jason P., Martinson, Holly, Moore, Joslin L., Niu, Yujie, Ohlert, Timothy, Venterink, Harry Olde, Orr, Devyn, Peri, Pablo, Pos, Edwin, Price, Jodi, Raynaud, Xavier, Ren, Zhengwei, Roscher, Christiane, Smith, Nicholas G., Stevens, Carly J., Sullivan, Lauren L., Tedder, Michelle, Tognetti, Pedro M., Veen, Ciska, Wheeler, George, Young, Alyssa L., Young, Hillary, and Borer, Elizabeth T.

Abstract

Dominance often indicates one or a few species being best suited for resource capture and retention in a given environment. Press perturbations that change availability of limiting resources can restructure competitive hierarchies, allowing new species to capture or retain resources and leaving once dominant species fated to decline. However, dominant species may maintain high abundances even when their new environments no longer favour them due to stochastic processes associated with their high abundance, impeding deterministic processes that would otherwise diminish them. Here, we quantify the persistence of dominance by tracking the rate of decline in dominant species at 90 globally distributed grassland sites under experimentally elevated soil nutrient supply and reduced vertebrate consumer pressure. We found that chronic experimental nutrient addition and vertebrate exclusion caused certain subsets of species to lose dominance more quickly than in control plots. In control plots, perennial species and species with high initial cover maintained dominance for longer than annual species and those with low initial cover respectively. In fertilized plots, species with high initial cover maintained dominance at similar rates to control plots, while those with lower initial cover lost dominance even faster than similar species in controls. High initial cover increased the estimated time to dominance loss more strongly in plots with vertebrate exclosures than in controls. Vertebrate exclosures caused a slight decrease in the persistence of dominance for perennials, while fertilization brought perennials' rate of dominance loss in line with those of annuals. Annual species lost dominance at similar rates regardless of treatments. Synthesis. Collectively, these results point to a strong role of a species' historical abundance in maintaining dominance following environmental perturbations. Because dominant species play an outsized role in driving ecosystem processes, thei

Published
2023

68. The positive effect of plant diversity on soil carbon depends on climate

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Spohn, Marie, Bagchi, Sumanta, Biederman, Lori A, Borer, Elizabeth T, Bråthen, Kari Anne, Bugalho, Miguel N, Caldeira, Maria C, Catford, Jane A, Collins, Scott L, Eisenhauer, Nico, Hagenah, Nicole, Haider, Sylvia, Hautier, Yann, Knops, Johannes M H, Koerner, Sally E, Laanisto, Lauri, Lekberg, Ylva, Martina, Jason P, Martinson, Holly, McCulley, Rebecca L, Peri, Pablo L, Macek, Petr, Power, Sally A, Risch, Anita C, Roscher, Christiane, Seabloom, Eric W, Stevens, Carly, Veen, G F Ciska, Virtanen, Risto, Yahdjian, Laura, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Spohn, Marie, Bagchi, Sumanta, Biederman, Lori A, Borer, Elizabeth T, Bråthen, Kari Anne, Bugalho, Miguel N, Caldeira, Maria C, Catford, Jane A, Collins, Scott L, Eisenhauer, Nico, Hagenah, Nicole, Haider, Sylvia, Hautier, Yann, Knops, Johannes M H, Koerner, Sally E, Laanisto, Lauri, Lekberg, Ylva, Martina, Jason P, Martinson, Holly, McCulley, Rebecca L, Peri, Pablo L, Macek, Petr, Power, Sally A, Risch, Anita C, Roscher, Christiane, Seabloom, Eric W, Stevens, Carly, Veen, G F Ciska, Virtanen, Risto, and Yahdjian, Laura

Published
2023

69. Multidimensional responses of grassland stability to eutrophication

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Chen, Qingqing, Wang, Shaopeng, Borer, Elizabeth T, Bakker, Jonathan D, Seabloom, Eric W, Harpole, W Stanley, Eisenhauer, Nico, Lekberg, Ylva, Buckley, Yvonne M, Catford, Jane A, Roscher, Christiane, Donohue, Ian, Power, Sally A, Daleo, Pedro, Ebeling, Anne, Knops, Johannes M H, Martina, Jason P, Eskelinen, Anu, Morgan, John W, Risch, Anita C, Caldeira, Maria C, Bugalho, Miguel N, Virtanen, Risto, Barrio, Isabel C, Niu, Yujie, Jentsch, Anke, Stevens, Carly J, Gruner, Daniel S, MacDougall, Andrew S, Alberti, Juan, Hautier, Yann, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Chen, Qingqing, Wang, Shaopeng, Borer, Elizabeth T, Bakker, Jonathan D, Seabloom, Eric W, Harpole, W Stanley, Eisenhauer, Nico, Lekberg, Ylva, Buckley, Yvonne M, Catford, Jane A, Roscher, Christiane, Donohue, Ian, Power, Sally A, Daleo, Pedro, Ebeling, Anne, Knops, Johannes M H, Martina, Jason P, Eskelinen, Anu, Morgan, John W, Risch, Anita C, Caldeira, Maria C, Bugalho, Miguel N, Virtanen, Risto, Barrio, Isabel C, Niu, Yujie, Jentsch, Anke, Stevens, Carly J, Gruner, Daniel S, MacDougall, Andrew S, Alberti, Juan, and Hautier, Yann

Published
2023

70. Global beta-diversity of angiosperm trees is shaped by Quaternary climate change

Author

Xu, Wu Bing, Guo, Wen Yong, Serra-Diaz, Josep M., Schrodt, Franziska, Eiserhardt, Wolf L., Enquist, Brian J., Maitner, Brian S., Merow, Cory, Violle, Cyrille, Anand, Madhur, Belluau, Michaël, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, de Frutos, Angel, Dias, Arildo S., Giroldo, Aelton B., Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Hattingh, Wesley, He, Tianhua, Hietz, Peter, Hough-Snee, Nate, Jansen, Steven, Kattge, Jens, Komac, Benjamin, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Kramer, Koen, Lavorel, Sandra, Lusk, Christopher H., Martin, Adam R., Ma, Ke Ping, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Michaletz, Sean T., Minden, Vanessa, Mori, Akira S., Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Onstein, Renske E., Peñuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valério D., Pisek, Jan, Pound, Matthew J., Robroek, Bjorn J.M., Schamp, Brandon, Slot, Martijn, Sun, Miao, Sosinski, Ênio E., Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Thiffault, Nelson, van Bodegom, Peter M., van der Plas, Fons, Zheng, Jingming, Svenning, Jens Christian, Ordonez, Alejandro, Xu, Wu Bing, Guo, Wen Yong, Serra-Diaz, Josep M., Schrodt, Franziska, Eiserhardt, Wolf L., Enquist, Brian J., Maitner, Brian S., Merow, Cory, Violle, Cyrille, Anand, Madhur, Belluau, Michaël, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, de Frutos, Angel, Dias, Arildo S., Giroldo, Aelton B., Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Hattingh, Wesley, He, Tianhua, Hietz, Peter, Hough-Snee, Nate, Jansen, Steven, Kattge, Jens, Komac, Benjamin, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Kramer, Koen, Lavorel, Sandra, Lusk, Christopher H., Martin, Adam R., Ma, Ke Ping, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Michaletz, Sean T., Minden, Vanessa, Mori, Akira S., Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Onstein, Renske E., Peñuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valério D., Pisek, Jan, Pound, Matthew J., Robroek, Bjorn J.M., Schamp, Brandon, Slot, Martijn, Sun, Miao, Sosinski, Ênio E., Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Thiffault, Nelson, van Bodegom, Peter M., van der Plas, Fons, Zheng, Jingming, Svenning, Jens Christian, and Ordonez, Alejandro

Abstract

As Earth’s climate has varied strongly through geological time, studying the impacts of past climate change on biodiversity helps to understand the risks from future climate change. However, it remains unclear how paleoclimate shapes spatial variation in biodiversity. Here, we assessed the influence of Quaternary climate change on spatial dissimilarity in taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional composition among neighboring 200-kilometer cells (beta-diversity) for angiosperm trees worldwide. We found that larger glacial-interglacial temperature change was strongly associated with lower spatial turnover (species replacements) and higher nestedness (richness changes) components of beta-diversity across all three biodiversity facets. Moreover, phylogenetic and functional turnover was lower and nestedness higher than random expectations based on taxonomic beta-diversity in regions that experienced large temperature change, reflecting phylogenetically and functionally selective processes in species replacement, extinction, and colonization during glacial-interglacial oscillations. Our results suggest that future human-driven climate change could cause local homogenization and reduction in taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of angiosperm trees worldwide., As Earth's climate has varied strongly through geological time, studying the impacts of past climate change on biodiversity helps to understand the risks from future climate change. However, it remains unclear how paleoclimate shapes spatial variation in biodiversity. Here, we assessed the influence of Quaternary climate change on spatial dissimilarity in taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional composition among neighboring 200-kilometer cells (beta-diversity) for angiosperm trees worldwide. We found that larger glacial-interglacial temperature change was strongly associated with lower spatial turnover (species replacements) and higher nestedness (richness changes) components of beta-diversity across all three biodiversity facets. Moreover, phylogenetic and functional turnover was lower and nestedness higher than random expectations based on taxonomic beta-diversity in regions that experienced large temperature change, reflecting phylogenetically and functionally selective processes in species replacement, extinction, and colonization during glacial-interglacial oscillations. Our results suggest that future human-driven climate change could cause local homogenization and reduction in taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of angiosperm trees worldwide.

Published
2023

71. Decoupled phylogenetic and functional diversity in European grasslands

Author

Večeřa, Martin, Axmanová, Irena, Chytrý, Milan, Divíšek, Jan, Ndiribe, Charlotte, Mones, Gonzalo Velasco, Čeplová, Natálie, Aćić, Svetlana, Bahn, Michael, Bergamini, Ariel, Boenisch, Gerhard, Biurrun, Idoia, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Cornelissen, Johannes H. C., Dengler, Jürgen, Jansen, Florian, Jansen, Steven, Kattge, Jens, Kozub, Łukasz, Kuzemko, Anna, Minden, Vanessa, Mitchell, Rachel M., Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Mori, Akira S., Niinemets, Ülo, Ruprecht, Eszter, Rusina, Solvita, Šilc, Urban, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., van Bodegom, Peter M., Vassilev, Kiril, Weiher, Evan, Wright, Ian J., Lososová, Zdeňka, Večeřa, Martin, Axmanová, Irena, Chytrý, Milan, Divíšek, Jan, Ndiribe, Charlotte, Mones, Gonzalo Velasco, Čeplová, Natálie, Aćić, Svetlana, Bahn, Michael, Bergamini, Ariel, Boenisch, Gerhard, Biurrun, Idoia, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Cornelissen, Johannes H. C., Dengler, Jürgen, Jansen, Florian, Jansen, Steven, Kattge, Jens, Kozub, Łukasz, Kuzemko, Anna, Minden, Vanessa, Mitchell, Rachel M., Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Mori, Akira S., Niinemets, Ülo, Ruprecht, Eszter, Rusina, Solvita, Šilc, Urban, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., van Bodegom, Peter M., Vassilev, Kiril, Weiher, Evan, Wright, Ian J., and Lososová, Zdeňka

Abstract

The relationship between phylogenetic diversity (PD) and functional diversity (FD) is important for understanding the mechanisms of community assembly. The traditional view assumes a coupled (positively correlated) relationship between these two diversity measures, suggesting that competitive exclusion and environmental filtering are important drivers of both phylogenetic and functional structure of communities. In contrast, there is evidence that communities might deviate from this pattern, exhibiting either phylogenetic overdispersion connected with trait convergence (decoupled PD) or functional overdispersion connected with phylogenetic clustering (decoupled FD). In this study, we examined the relationship between PD and FD within vascular-plant communities in European grasslands, focusing on decoupled PD-FD patterns. We hypothesized that the decoupled patterns are connected with past or current environmental changes and are rarer in comparison with the coupled PD-FD pattern, reflecting long-term relatively stable environments. We used 81,484 plots (communities) of European dry, mesic, wet and alpine grasslands, containing 4,119 angiosperm species, and data on six functional traits relevant for different plant functions and habitats (plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf nitrogen content, seed mass and lateral spreading distance). Functional diversity was evaluated in two ways – as a single combined measure and as variability in each trait separately. We found various PD-FD patterns across different habitats, traits and regions, with the coupled pattern widespread but not universal. In many communities, we detected the tendency towards decoupled PD, likely caused by environmental filtering of phylogenetically diverse species pools. This was most pronounced in dry grasslands, and also in wet and alpine grasslands when FD based on plant height, leaf area or seed mass was considered. In contrast, the tendency towards decoupled FD was detected only in

Published
2023

72. A mechanistic framework of enemy release.

Author

Brian, Joshua I. and Catford, Jane A.

Subjects
*INTRODUCED species, *BIOLOGICAL invasions, *INTRODUCED plants
Abstract

The enemy release hypothesis (ERH) is the best‐known hypothesis explaining high performance (e.g. rapid population growth) of exotic species. However, the current framing of the ERH does not explicitly link evidence of enemy release with exotic performance. This leads to uncertainty regarding the role of enemy release in biological invasions. Here, we demonstrate that the effect of enemy release on exotic performance is the product of three factors: enemy impact, enemy diversity, and host adaptation. These factors are modulated by seven contexts: time since introduction, resource availability, phylogenetic relatedness of exotic and native species, host–enemy asynchronicity, number of introduction events, type of enemy, and strength of growth–defence trade‐offs. ERH‐focused studies frequently test different factors under different contexts. This can lead to inconsistent findings, which typifies current evidence for the ERH. For example, over 80% of meta‐analyses fail to consider ecological contexts which can alter study findings; we demonstrate this by re‐analysing a recent ERH synthesis. Structuring the ERH around factors and contexts promotes generalisable predictions about when and where exotic species may benefit from enemy release, empowering effective management. Our mechanistic factor–context framework clearly lays out the evidence required to support the ERH, unifies many enemy‐related invasion hypotheses, and enhances predictive capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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73. Multidimensional responses of ecological stability to eutrophication in grasslands

Author

Chen, Qingqing, primary, Wang, Shao-Peng, additional, Borer, Elizabeth T, additional, Bakker, Jonathan D., additional, Seabloom, Eric W., additional, Harpole, W Stanley, additional, Eisenhauer, Nico, additional, Lekberg, Ylva, additional, Buckley, Yvonne M., additional, Catford, Jane A., additional, Roscher, Christiane, additional, Donohue, Ian, additional, Power, Sally A., additional, Daleo, Pedro, additional, Ebeling, Anne, additional, Knops, Johannes M. H., additional, Martina, Jason P., additional, Eskelinen, Anu, additional, Morgan, John W., additional, Risch, Anita C., additional, Caldeira, Maria C., additional, Bugalho, Miguel N, additional, Virtanen, Risto, additional, Barrio, Isabel C, additional, Niu, Yujie, additional, Jentsch, Anke, additional, Stevens, Carly J., additional, Alberti, Juan, additional, and Hautier, Yann, additional

Published
2023
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79. New pasture plants intensify invasive species risk

Author

Driscoll, Don A., Catford, Jane A., Barney, Jacob N., Hulme, Philip E., Inderjit, Martin, Tara G., Pauchard, Aníbal, Pyšek, Petr, Richardson, David M., Riley, Sophie, and Visser, Vernon

Published
2014

88. Correction: Four priority areas to advance invasion science in the face of rapid environmental change

Author

Ricciardi, Anthony, Iacarella, Josephine C., Aldridge, David C., Blackburn, Tim M., Carlton, James T., Catford, Jane A., Dick, Jaimie T.A., Hulme, Philip E., Jeschke, Jonathan M., Liebhold, Andrew M., Lockwood, Julie L., MacIsaac, Hugh J., Meyerson, Laura A., Pysek, Petr, Richardson, David M., Ruiz, Gregory M., Simberloff, Daniel, Vila, Montserrat, and Wardle, David A.

Subjects
Environmental issues
Abstract

In discussing the vital importance of taxonomic expertise for managing biological invasions, we noted that difficulties in recognizing cryptic species can challenge the use of classical biological control. As an [...]

Published
2022
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91. High exposure of global tree diversity to human pressure

Author

Guo, Wen Yong, Serra-Diaz, Josep M., Schrodt, Franziska, Eiserhardt, Wolf L., Maitner, Brian S., Merow, Cory, Violle, Cyrille, Anand, Madhur, Belluau, Michaël, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Cornelissen, J.H.C., Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, de Frutos, Angel, Dias, Arildo S., Giroldo, Aelton B., Guo, Kun, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Hattingh, Wesley, He, Tianhua, Hietz, Peter, Hough-Snee, Nate, Jansen, Steven, Kattge, Jens, Klein, Tamir, Komac, Benjamin, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Kramer, Koen, Lavorel, Sandra, Lusk, Christopher H., Martin, Adam R., Mencuccini, Maurizio, Michaletz, Sean T., Minden, Vanessa, Mori, Akira S., Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Peñuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valério D., Pisek, Jan, Robroek, Bjorn J.M., Schamp, Brandon, Slot, Martijn, Sosinski, Ênio Egon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Thiffault, Nelson, van Bodegom, Peter, van der Plas, Fons, Wright, Ian J., Xu, Wu Bing, Zheng, Jingming, Enquist, Brian J., Svenning, Jens Christian, Guo, Wen Yong, Serra-Diaz, Josep M., Schrodt, Franziska, Eiserhardt, Wolf L., Maitner, Brian S., Merow, Cory, Violle, Cyrille, Anand, Madhur, Belluau, Michaël, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Cornelissen, J.H.C., Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, de Frutos, Angel, Dias, Arildo S., Giroldo, Aelton B., Guo, Kun, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Hattingh, Wesley, He, Tianhua, Hietz, Peter, Hough-Snee, Nate, Jansen, Steven, Kattge, Jens, Klein, Tamir, Komac, Benjamin, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Kramer, Koen, Lavorel, Sandra, Lusk, Christopher H., Martin, Adam R., Mencuccini, Maurizio, Michaletz, Sean T., Minden, Vanessa, Mori, Akira S., Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Peñuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valério D., Pisek, Jan, Robroek, Bjorn J.M., Schamp, Brandon, Slot, Martijn, Sosinski, Ênio Egon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Thiffault, Nelson, van Bodegom, Peter, van der Plas, Fons, Wright, Ian J., Xu, Wu Bing, Zheng, Jingming, Enquist, Brian J., and Svenning, Jens Christian

Abstract

Safeguarding Earth's tree diversity is a conservation priority due to the importance of trees for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services such as carbon sequestration. Here, we improve the foundation for effective conservation of global tree diversity by analyzing a recently developed database of tree species covering 46,752 species. We quantify range protection and anthropogenic pressures for each species and develop conservation priorities across taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity dimensions. We also assess the effectiveness of several influential proposed conservation prioritization frameworks to protect the top 17% and top 50% of tree priority areas. We find that an average of 50.2% of a tree species' range occurs in 110-km grid cells without any protected areas (PAs), with 6,377 small-range tree species fully unprotected, and that 83% of tree species experience nonnegligible human pressure across their range on average. Protecting high-priority areas for the top 17% and 50% priority thresholds would increase the average protected proportion of each tree species' range to 65.5% and 82.6%, respectively, leaving many fewer species (2,151 and 2,010) completely unprotected. The priority areas identified for trees match well to the Global 200 Ecoregions framework, revealing that priority areas for trees would in large part also optimize protection for terrestrial biodiversity overall. Based on range estimates for >46,000 tree species, our findings show that a large proportion of tree species receive limited protection by current PAs and are under substantial human pressure. Improved protection of biodiversity overall would also strongly benefit global tree diversity.

Published
2022

93. A conceptual map of invasion biology: Integrating hypotheses into a consensus network

Author

Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Stellenbosch University, German Research Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Czech Science Foundation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Enders, M. [0000-0002-0681-852X], Havemann, Frank [0000-0002-0485-2580], Ruland, Florian [0000-0002-5785-1733], Catford, Jane A. [0000-0003-0582-5960], Gómez Aparicio, Lorena [0000-0001-5122-3579], Haider, Sylvia [0000-0002-2966-0534], Heger, T. [0000-0002-5522-5632], Kueffer, Christoph [0000-0001-6701-0703], Kühn, Ingolf [0000-0003-1691-8249], Meyerson, Laura A. [0000-0002-1283-3865], Musseau, Camille [0000-0002-5633-2384], Novoa, Ana [0000-0001-7092-3917], Schittko, Conrad [0000-0002-2200-8762], Vilà, Montserrat [0000-0003-3171-8261], Kleunen, Mark van [0000-0002-2861-3701], Lockwood, Julie [0000-0003-0177-449X], Mabey, Abigail L. [0000-0003-0156-1881], Palma, Estíbaliz [0000-0002-4500-254X], Pyšek, Petr [0000-0001-8500-442X], Saul, Wolf‐Christian [0000-0002-3584-6159], Yannelli , Florencia A. [0000-0003-1544-5312], Jeschke, Jonathan M. [0000-0003-3328-4217], Enders, M., Havemann, Frank, Ruland, Florian, Bernard-Verdier, Maud, Catford, Jane A., Gómez Aparicio, Lorena, Haider, Sylvia, Heger, T., Kueffer, Christoph, Kühn, Ingolf, Meyerson, Laura A., Musseau, Camille, Novoa, Ana, Ricciardi, Anthony, Sagouis , Alban, Schittko, Conrad, Strayer, D. L., Vilà, Montserrat, Essl, Franz, Hulme, Philip E., Kleunen, Mark van, Kumschick, Sabrina, Lockwood, Julie, McGeoch, Mélodie A., Palma, Estíbaliz, Pyšek, Petr, Saul, Wolf‐Christian, Yannelli, Florencia A., Jeschke, Jonathan M., Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Stellenbosch University, German Research Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Czech Science Foundation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Enders, M. [0000-0002-0681-852X], Havemann, Frank [0000-0002-0485-2580], Ruland, Florian [0000-0002-5785-1733], Catford, Jane A. [0000-0003-0582-5960], Gómez Aparicio, Lorena [0000-0001-5122-3579], Haider, Sylvia [0000-0002-2966-0534], Heger, T. [0000-0002-5522-5632], Kueffer, Christoph [0000-0001-6701-0703], Kühn, Ingolf [0000-0003-1691-8249], Meyerson, Laura A. [0000-0002-1283-3865], Musseau, Camille [0000-0002-5633-2384], Novoa, Ana [0000-0001-7092-3917], Schittko, Conrad [0000-0002-2200-8762], Vilà, Montserrat [0000-0003-3171-8261], Kleunen, Mark van [0000-0002-2861-3701], Lockwood, Julie [0000-0003-0177-449X], Mabey, Abigail L. [0000-0003-0156-1881], Palma, Estíbaliz [0000-0002-4500-254X], Pyšek, Petr [0000-0001-8500-442X], Saul, Wolf‐Christian [0000-0002-3584-6159], Yannelli , Florencia A. [0000-0003-1544-5312], Jeschke, Jonathan M. [0000-0003-3328-4217], Enders, M., Havemann, Frank, Ruland, Florian, Bernard-Verdier, Maud, Catford, Jane A., Gómez Aparicio, Lorena, Haider, Sylvia, Heger, T., Kueffer, Christoph, Kühn, Ingolf, Meyerson, Laura A., Musseau, Camille, Novoa, Ana, Ricciardi, Anthony, Sagouis , Alban, Schittko, Conrad, Strayer, D. L., Vilà, Montserrat, Essl, Franz, Hulme, Philip E., Kleunen, Mark van, Kumschick, Sabrina, Lockwood, Julie, McGeoch, Mélodie A., Palma, Estíbaliz, Pyšek, Petr, Saul, Wolf‐Christian, Yannelli, Florencia A., and Jeschke, Jonathan M.

Abstract

Background and aims Since its emergence in the mid‐20th century, invasion biology has matured into a productive research field addressing questions of fundamental and applied importance. Not only has the number of empirical studies increased through time, but also has the number of competing, overlapping and, in some cases, contradictory hypotheses about biological invasions. To make these contradictions and redundancies explicit, and to gain insight into the field’s current theoretical structure, we developed and applied a Delphi approach to create a consensus network of 39 existing invasion hypotheses. Results The resulting network was analysed with a link‐clustering algorithm that revealed five concept clusters (resource availability, biotic interaction, propagule, trait and Darwin’s clusters) representing complementary areas in the theory of invasion biology. The network also displays hypotheses that link two or more clusters, called connecting hypotheses, which are important in determining network structure. The network indicates hypotheses that are logically linked either positively (77 connections of support) or negatively (that is, they contradict each other; 6 connections). Significance The network visually synthesizes how invasion biology’s predominant hypotheses are conceptually related to each other, and thus, reveals an emergent structure – a conceptual map – that can serve as a navigation tool for scholars, practitioners and students, both inside and outside of the field of invasion biology, and guide the development of a more coherent foundation of theory. Additionally, the outlined approach can be more widely applied to create a conceptual map for the larger fields of ecology and biogeography.

Published
2020

95. Correction: Four priority areas to advance invasion science in the face of rapid environmental change

Author

Ricciardi, Anthony, primary, Iacarella, Josephine C., additional, Aldridge, David C., additional, Blackburn, Tim M., additional, Carlton, James T., additional, Catford, Jane A., additional, Dick, Jaimie T.A., additional, Hulme, Philip E., additional, Jeschke, Jonathan M., additional, Liebhold, Andrew M., additional, Lockwood, Julie L., additional, MacIsaac, Hugh J., additional, Meyerson, Laura A., additional, Pyšek, Petr, additional, Richardson, David M., additional, Ruiz, Gregory M., additional, Simberloff, Daniel, additional, Vilà, Montserrat, additional, and Wardle, David A., additional

Published
2021
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96. Niche partitioning overrides interspecific competition to determine plant species distributions along a nutrient gradient.

Author

Wandrag, Elizabeth M., Catford, Jane A., and Duncan, Richard P.

Subjects
*COMPETITION (Biology), *SPECIES distribution, *PLANT species, *PHYTOGEOGRAPHY, *PLANT competition, *PLANT communities
Abstract

Changes in some combination of niche availability, niche overlap and the strength of interspecific interactions are thought to drive changes in plant composition along resource gradients. However, because these processes are difficult to measure in the field, their relative importance in driving compositional change in plant communities remains unclear. In an Australian temperate grassland, we added seeds of three native and three exotic grasses to 1875 experimental plots in a way that allowed us to simultaneously estimate niche availability, niche overlap and the strength of pairwise interspecific interactions along a gradient of nutrient availability, obtained by adding 0, 5 or 20 g m−2 each of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium jointly to plots. Niche availability (the proportion of microsites suitable for establishment and growth) was generally low and did not vary in response to nutrient addition. Most species co‐occurred along the nutrient gradient by partitioning the available niche space. Where species interacted due to niche overlap, the abundance of one species, the native Chloris truncata, was usually facilitated by other species, with each of the five other species increasing the niche availability to C. truncata under at least one nutrient treatment. Chloris truncata also competitively excluded two species from some but not all sites they could otherwise have occupied. These outcomes did not clearly differ across nutrient treatments. Our results show that fine‐scale spatial heterogeneity in establishment microsites can enable species to co‐occur via niche partitioning, and competitive exclusion is rare. This finding contributes to an emerging picture that niche partitioning is common and frequently a stronger influence on recruitment outcomes than interspecific competition. The importance of competition in structuring plant communities may be overestimated if recruitment processes are overlooked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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97. Dimensions of invasiveness: Links between local abundance, geographic range size, and habitat breadth in Europe & rsquo;s alien and native floras

Author

Fristoe, Trevor S., Chytrý, Milan, Dawson, Wayne, Essl, Franz, Heleno, Ruben, Kreft, Holger, Maurel, Noëlie, Pergl, Jan, Pyšek, Petr, Seebens, Hanno, Weigelt, Patrick, Vargas, Pablo, Yang, Qiang, Attorre, Fabio, Bergmeier, Erwin, Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus, Biurrun, Idoia, Boch, Steffen, Bonari, Gianmaria, Botta-Dukát, Zoltán, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Čarni, Andraz, Carranza, Maria Laura, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Ćušterevska, Renata, de Ronde, Iris, Dengler, Jurgen, Golub, Valentin, Haveman, Rense, Hough-Snee, Nate, Jandt, Ute, Jansen, Florian, Kuzemko, Anna, Küzmič, Filip, Lenoir, Jonathan, Macanović, Armin, Marcenò, Corrado, Martin, Adam R., Michaletz, Sean T., Mori, Akira S., Niinemets, Ülo, Peterka, Tomáš, Pielech, Remigiusz, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Dias, Arildo S., Šibíková, Mária, Šilc, Urban, Stanisci, Angela, Jansen, Steven, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Swacha, Grzegorz, van der Plas, Fons, Vassilev, Kiril, and van Kleunen, Mark

Subjects
enemy release, leaf economic spectrum, distribution-abundance relationship, invasion success, forms of rarity
Abstract

Understanding drivers of success for alien species can inform on potential future invasions. Recent conceptual advances highlight that species may achieve invasiveness via performance along at least three distinct dimensions: 1) local abundance, 2) geographic range size, and 3) habitat breadth in naturalized distributions. Associations among these dimensions and the factors that determine success in each have yet to be assessed at large geographic scales. Here, we combine data from over one million vegetation plots covering the extent of Europe and its habitat diversity with databases on species’ distributions, traits, and historical origins to provide a comprehensive assessment of invasiveness dimensions for the European alien seed plant flora. Invasiveness dimensions are linked in alien distributions, leading to a continuum from overall poor invaders to super invaders—abundant, widespread aliens that invade diverse habitats. This pattern echoes relationships among analogous dimensions measured for native European species. Success along invasiveness dimensions was associated with details of alien species’ introduction histories: earlier introduction dates were positively associated with all three dimensions, and consistent with theory-based expectations, species originating from other continents, particularly acquisitive growth strategists, were among the most successful invaders in Europe. Despite general correlations among invasiveness dimensions, we identified habitats and traits associated with atypical patterns of success in only one or two dimensions—for example, the role of disturbed habitats in facilitating widespread specialists. We conclude that considering invasiveness within a multidimensional framework can provide insights into invasion processes while also informing general understanding of the dynamics of species distributions.

Published
2021

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