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In this work, we study the asymptotic behavior of even-order delay functional differential equation. As an extension of the recent development in the study of oscillation, we obtain improved and simplified criteria that test the oscillation of solutions of the studied equation. We adopt an approach that improves the relationships between the solution with and without delay. The symmetry between the positive and negative solutions also plays a key role in simplifying the presentation of the main results. Finally, we attach an example to illustrate the results and compare them together with the previous results in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oscillation and symmetry play an important role in many applications such as engineering, physics, medicine, and vibration in flight. The purpose of this article is to explore the oscillation of fourth-order differential equations with delay arguments. New Kamenev-type oscillatory properties are established, which are based on a suitable Riccati method to reduce the main equation into a first-order inequality. Our new results extend and simplify existing results in the previous studies. Examples are presented in order to clarify the main results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, by using some algebraic inequalities, nabla Hölder inequalities, and nabla Jensen's inequalities on timescales, we proved some new nabla Hilbert-type dynamic inequalities on timescales. These inequalities extend some known dynamic inequalities on timescales and unify some continuous inequalities and their corresponding discrete analogues. Symmetry plays an essential role in determining the correct methods to solve dynamic inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stochastic fractional (2 + 1)-dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain equation (SFHFSCE), which is driven in the Stratonovich sense by a multiplicative Wiener process, is considered here. The analytical solutions of the SFHFSCE are attained by utilizing the Jacobi elliptic function method. Various kinds of analytical fractional stochastic solutions, for instance, the elliptic functions, are obtained. Physicists can utilize these solutions to understand a variety of important physical phenomena because magnetic solitons have been categorized as one of the interesting groups of non-linear excitations representing spin dynamics in semi-classical continuum Heisenberg systems. To study the impact of the Wiener process on these solutions, the 3D and 2D surfaces of some achieved exact fractional stochastic solutions are plotted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonhomogeneous systems of fractional differential equations with pure delay are considered. As an application, the representation of solutions of these systems and their delayed Mittag-Leffler matrix functions are used to obtain the finite time stability results. Our results improve and extend the previous related results. Finally, to illustrate our theoretical results, we give an example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, new criteria were established for testing the oscillatory behavior of solutions of a class of even-order delay differential equations. We follow an approach that depends on obtaining new monotonic properties for the decreasing positive solutions of the studied equation. Moreover, we use these properties to provide new oscillation criteria of an iterative nature. We provide an example to support the significance of the results and compare them with the related previous work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we establish oscillation theorems for all solutions to fourth-order neutral differential equations using the Riccati transformation approach and some inequalities. Some new criteria are established that can be used in cases where known theorems fail to apply. The approach followed depends on finding conditions that guarantee the exclusion of positive solutions, and as a result of the symmetry between the positive and negative solutions of the studied equation, we therefore exclude negative solutions. An illustrative example is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we focus on the stochastic fractional Kundu–Mukherjee–Naskar equation perturbed in the Stratonovich sense by the multiplicative Wiener process. To gain new elliptic, rational, hyperbolic and trigonometric stochastic solutions, we use two different methods: the Jacobi elliptic function method and the (G ′ / G) -expansion method. Because of the significance of the Kundu-Mukherjee equation in a magnetized plasma, the obtained solutions are useful in understanding many remarkable physical phenomena. Furthermore, we show the effect of the multiplicative Wiener process on the obtained solutions of the Kundu–Mukherjee–Naskar equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A class of stochastic fractional diffusion equations with polynomials is considered in this article. This equation is used in numerous applications, such as ecology, bioengineering, biology, and mechanical and chemical engineering. As a result, it is critical to obtain exact solutions to this equation. To obtain these solutions, the tanh-coth method is utilized. Furthermore, we clarify the impact of noise on solution stabilization by simulating our solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we investigate the oscillatory properties of the neutral differential equation (r (l) [ (s (l) + p (l) s (g (l))) ′ ] v) ′ + ∑ i = 1 n q i (l) s v (h i (l)) = 0 , where s ≥ s 0 . We first present new monotonic properties for the solutions of this equation, and these properties are characterized by an iterative nature. Using these new properties, we obtain new oscillation conditions that guarantee that all solutions are oscillate. Our results are a complement and extension to the relevant results in the literature. We test the significance of the results by applying them to special cases of the studied equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims at investigating the geometry of surfaces corresponding to the geometry of solutions of the vortex filament equation in Euclidean 3-space E 3 using the quasi-frame. In particular, we discuss some geometric properties and some characterizations of parameter curves of these surfaces in E 3 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some sufficient conditions are established for the oscillation of fourth order neutral differential equations of the form r t z ‴ t α ′ + q t x β σ t = 0 , where z t : = x t + p t x τ t . By using the technique of Riccati transformation and integral averaging method, we get conditions to ensure oscillation of solutions of this equation. Symmetry ideas are often invisible in these studies, but they help us decide the right way to study them, and to show us the correct direction for future developments. Moreover, the importance of the obtained conditions is illustrated via some examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to study asymptotic behavior of a class of higher-order delay differential equations with a p-Laplacian like operator. Symmetry ideas are often invisible in these studies, but they help us decide the right way to study them, and show us the correct direction for future developments. New oscillation criteria are obtained by employing a refinement of the generalized Riccati transformations and comparison principles. This new theorem complements and improves a number of results reported in the literature. Some examples are provided to illustrate the main results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show that a Fuchsian differential equation having five regular singular points admits solutions in terms of a single generalized hypergeometric function for infinitely many particular choices of equation parameters. Each solution assumes four restrictions imposed on the parameters: two of the singularities should have non-zero integer characteristic exponents and the accessory parameters should obey polynomial equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the oscillation of second-order neutral differential equations with delayed arguments. Some new oscillatory criteria are obtained by a Riccati transformation. To illustrate the importance of the results, one example is also given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors obtain some new sufficient conditions for the oscillation of all solutions of the fourth order delay differential equations. Some new oscillatory criteria are obtained by using the generalized Riccati transformations and comparison technique with first order delay differential equation. Our results extend and improve many well-known results for oscillation of solutions to a class of fourth-order delay differential equations. The effectiveness of the obtained criteria is illustrated via examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we study the oscillation of second-order delay differential equations, by employing a refinement of the generalized Riccati substitution. We establish a new oscillation criterion. Symmetry ideas are often invisible in these studies, but they help us decide the right way to study them, and to show us the correct direction for future developments. We illustrate the results with some examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, we study the oscillation of fourth-order delay differential equations, the present authors used a Riccati transformation and the comparison technique for the fourth order delay differential equation, and that was compared with the oscillation of the certain second order differential equation. Our results extend and improve many well-known results for oscillation of solutions to a class of fourth-order delay differential equations. Some examples are also presented to test the strength and applicability of the results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New sets of orthogonal functions, which correspond to the first, second, third, and fourth kind Chebyshev polynomials with half-integer indexes, have been recently introduced. In this article, links of these new sets of irrational functions to the third and fourth kind Chebyshev polynomials are highlighted and their connections with the classical Chebyshev polynomials are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The third and fourth pseudo-Chebyshev irrational functions of half-integer degree are defined. Their definitions are connected to those of the first- and second-kind pseudo-Chebyshev functions. Their orthogonality properties are shown, with respect to classical weights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By starting from the standard definitions of the incomplete two-variable Hermite polynomials, we propose non-trivial generalizations and we show some applications to the Bessel-type functions as the Humbert functions. We present some relevant relations linking the Bessel-type functions, the Humbert functions and the generalized Hermite polynomials. We also present a generalization of the Laguerre polynomials in the same context of the incomplete-type and we see some useful operational relations involving special functions as the Tricomi functions; we use this family of Laguerre polynomials to introduce some operational techniques for the Humbert-type functions. Finally, we note as the formalism discussed could be exploited to generalize some distribution as for example the Poisson type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the quasi-frame and quasi-formulas are introduced in Galilean three-space. In addition, the quasi-Bertrand and the quasi-Mannheim curves are studied. It is proven that the angle between the tangents of two quasi-Bertrand or quasi-Mannhiem curves is not constant. Furthermore, the quasi-involute is studied. Moreover, we prove that there is no quasi-evolute curve in Galilean three-space. Also, we introduce quasi-Smarandache curves in Galilean three-space. Finally, we demonstrate an illustrated example to present our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum calculus provides a significant generalization of classical concepts and overcomes the limitations of classical calculus in tackling non-differentiable functions. Implementing the q-concepts to obtain fresh variants of classical outcomes is a very intriguing aspect of research in mathematical analysis. The objective of this article is to establish novel Milne-type integral inequalities through the utilization of the Mercer inequality for q-differentiable convex mappings. In order to accomplish this task, we begin by demonstrating a new quantum identity of the Milne type linked to left and right q derivatives. This serves as a supporting result for our primary findings. Our approach involves using the q-equality, well-known inequalities, and convex mappings to obtain new error bounds of the Milne–Mercer type. We also provide some special cases, numerical examples, and graphical analysis to evaluate the efficacy of our results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article to focus on quantum Milne–Mercer-type inequalities and we hope that our methods and findings inspire readers to conduct further investigation into this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we establish several new generalized Hardy-type inequalities involving several functions on time-scale nabla calculus. Furthermore, we derive some new multidimensional Hardy-type inequalities on time scales nabla calculus. The main results are proved by applying Minkowski's inequality, Jensen's inequality and Arithmetic Mean–Geometric Mean inequality. As a special case of our results, when T = R , we obtain refinements of some well-known continuous inequalities and when T = N , the results which are essentially new. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce some new quantum numerical techniques of midpoint and trapezoidal type essentially by using the decomposition technique. We also check the order of convergence of our suggested iterative methods. Numerical examples demonstrate that the new q -iterative methods can generate solutions to the nonlinear equations with acceptable accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the coupled nonlinear KdV (CNKdV) equations are solved in a stochastic environment. Hermite transforms, generalized conformable derivative, and an algorithm that merges the white noise instruments and the (G ′ / G 2) -expansion technique are utilized to obtain white noise functional conformable solutions for these equations. New stochastic kinds of periodic and soliton solutions for these equations under conformable generalized derivatives are produced. Moreover, three-dimensional (3D) depictions are shown to illustrate that the monotonicity and symmetry of the obtained solutions can be controlled by giving a value of the conformable parameter. Furthermore, some remarks are presented to give a comparison between the obtained wave solutions and the wave solutions constructed under the conformable derivatives and Newton's derivatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new auxiliary result pertaining to twice ( q 1 , q 2 )-differentiable functions is derived. Using this new auxiliary result, some new versions of Hermite–Hadamard's inequality involving the class of generalized m -convex functions are obtained. Finally, to demonstrate the significance of the main outcomes, some applications are discussed for hypergeometric functions, Mittag–Leffler functions, and bounded functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integral inequalities make up a comprehensive and prolific field of research within the field of mathematical interpretations. Integral inequalities in association with convexity have a strong relationship with symmetry. Different disciplines of mathematics and applied sciences have taken a new path as a result of the development of new fractional operators. Different new fractional operators have been used to improve some mathematical inequalities and to bring new ideas in recent years. To take steps forward, we prove various Grüss-type and Chebyshev-type inequalities for integrable functions in the frame of non-conformable fractional integral operators. The key results are proven using definitions of the fractional integrals, well-known classical inequalities, and classical relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the q -iterative schemes to determine the roots of nonlinear equations by applying the decomposition technique with Simpson's 1 3 -rule in the setting of q-calculus. We discuss the convergence analysis of our suggested iterative methods. To check the efficiency and performance, we also compare our main outcomes with some well known techniques existing in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we will derive new asymptotic properties of the positive solutions of the fourth-order neutral differential equation with the non-canonical factor. We follow an improved approach that enables us to create oscillation criteria of an iterative nature that can be applied more than once to test oscillation. In light of this, we will use these properties to obtain new criteria for the oscillation of the solutions of the studied equation. An example is given to show the applicability of the main results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we will prove some new diamond alpha Hilbert-type dynamic inequalities on time scales which are defined as a linear combination of the nabla and delta integrals. These inequalities extend some known dynamic inequalities on time scales, and unify and extend some continuous inequalities and their corresponding discrete analogues. Our results will be proven by using some algebraic inequalities, diamond alpha Hölder inequality, and diamond alpha Jensen's inequality on time scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this important work, we discuss some novel Hilbert-type dynamic inequalities on time scales. The inequalities investigated here generalize several known dynamic inequalities on time scales and unify and extend some continuous inequalities and their corresponding discrete analogues. Our results will be proved by using some algebraic inequalities, Hölder inequality, and Jensen's inequality on time scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of the present article is to prove some new ∇ dynamic inequalities of Hardy–Hilbert-type on time scales. We present and prove very important generalized results with the help of the Fenchel–Legendre transform, submultiplicative functions, and Hölder's and Jensen's inequality on time scales. We obtain some well-known time scale inequalities due to Hardy–Hilbert inequalities. For some specific time scales, we further show some relevant inequalities as special cases: integral inequalities and discrete inequalities. Symmetry plays an essential role in determining the correct methods for solutions to dynamic inequalities [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theory of convexity has a rich and paramount history and has been the interest of intense research for longer than a century in mathematics. It has not just fascinating and profound outcomes in different branches of engineering and mathematical sciences, it also has plenty of uses because of its geometrical interpretation and definition. It also provides numerical quadrature rules and tools for researchers to tackle and solve a wide class of related and unrelated problems. The main focus of this paper is to introduce and explore the concept of a new family of convex functions namely generalized exponential type m -convex functions. Further, to upgrade its numerical significance, we present some of its algebraic properties. Using the newly introduced definition, we investigate the novel version of Hermite–Hadamard type integral inequality. Furthermore, we establish some integral identities, and employing these identities, we present several new Hermite–Hadamard H–H type integral inequalities for generalized exponential type m -convex functions. These new results yield some generalizations of the prior results in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work is devoted to providing new kinds of deterministic and stochastic solutions of one of the famous nonlinear equations that depends on time, called the Schrödinger–Hirota equation. A new and straightforward methodology is offered to extract exact wave solutions of the stochastic nonlinear evolution equations (NEEs) with generalized differential conformable operators (GDCOs). This methodology combines the features of GDCOs, some instruments of white noise analysis, and the generalized Kudryashov scheme. To demonstrate the usefulness and validity of our methodology, we applied it to extract diversified exact wave solutions of the Schrödinger–Hirota equation, particularly in a Wick-type stochastic space and with GDCOs. These wave solutions can be turned into soliton and periodic wave solutions that play a main role in numerous fields of nonlinear physical sciences. Moreover, three-dimensional, contour, and two-dimensional graphical visualizations of some of the extracted solutions are exhibited with some elected functions and parameters. According to the results, our new approach demonstrates the impact of random and conformable factors on the solutions of the Schrödinger–Hirota equation. These findings can be applied to build new models in plasma physics, condensed matter physics, industrial studies, and optical fibers. Furthermore, to reinforce the importance of the acquired solutions, comparative aspects connected to some former works are presented for these types of solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, new oscillation conditions for the 2nd-order noncanonical neutral differential equation (a 0 t ((u t + a 1 t u g 0 t ) ′ ) β) ′ + a 2 t u β g 1 t = 0 , where t ≥ t 0 , are established. Using Riccati substitution and comparison with an equation of the first-order, we obtain criteria that ensure the oscillation of the studied equation. Furthermore, we complement and improve the previous results in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The monomiality principle has allowed the derivation, in a fairly straightforward way, of the properties of many families of special polynomials, recognized as quasi monomials. The family of quasimonomials is large, but not all the special polynomials can be framed within this category. In this paper we will prove the existence of a larger family, including the quasi-monomials, by taking advantage from the umbral calculus and by introducing the concept of monumbrality, which appears very useful to get a deeper understanding in the nature and role of special polynomials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the work, a new oscillation condition was created for second-order damped delay differential equations with a non-canonical operator. The new criterion is of an iterative nature which helps to apply it even when the previous relevant results fail to apply. An example is presented in order to illustrate the significance of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the economic importance of advertising and product promotions, we have developed a diffusion model to describe the impact of advertising on sales. The main message of this study is to show the effect of advertising diffusion to convert potential buyers into actual customers which may result in persistent alteration in marketing over time. This work is devoted to studying the dynamic behavior of a reaction-diffusion model and its delayed version with the advertising effect. For the non-delay model, it is proven the existence of Hopf bifurcation. Moreover, the stability and direction of bifurcation of periodic solutions are detected. On the other hand, we consider there is a lag for responding of potential buyers to the advertising. Therefore, the time delay τ is deemed as an additional factor in the diffusion model. We have determined the critical values for the delay parameter that yield periodic solutions. Furthermore, the direction and the stability of bifurcating periodic solutions is studied. For supporting the theoretical analysis and demonstrate complex dynamic behaviors, numerical simulations including families of periodic curves are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, two new modified variational iteration algorithms are investigated for the numerical solution of coupled Burgers' equations. These modifications are made with the help of auxiliary parameters to speed up the convergence rate of the series solutions. Three numerical test problems are given to judge the behavior of the modified algorithms, and error norms are used to evaluate the accuracy of the method. Numerical simulations are carried out for different values of parameters. The results are also compared with the existing methods in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a new class of (C , G f) -invex functions introduce and give nontrivial numerical examples which justify exist such type of functions. Also, we construct generalized convexity definitions (such as, (F , G f) -invexity, C-convex etc.). We consider Mond–Weir type fractional symmetric dual programs and derive duality results under (C , G f) -invexity assumptions. Our results generalize several known results in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript contains the development of a one-point family of iterative functions. The family has optimal convergence of a second-order according to the Kung-Traub conjecture. This family is used to approximate the multiple zeros of nonlinear equations, and is based on the procedure of weight functions. The convergence behavior is discussed by showing some essential conditions of the weight function. The well-known modified Newton method is a member of the proposed family for particular choices of the weight function. The dynamical nature of different members is presented by using a technique called the "basin of attraction". Several practical problems are given to compare different methods of the presented family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a derivative free one-point method with memory of order 1.84 for solving nonlinear equations. The formula requires only one function evaluation and, therefore, the efficiency index is also 1.84. The methodology is carried out by approximating the derivative in Newton's iteration using a rational linear function. Unlike the existing methods of a similar nature, the scheme of the new method is easy to remember and can also be implemented for systems of nonlinear equations. The applicability of the method is demonstrated on some practical as well as academic problems of a scalar and multi-dimensional nature. In addition, to check the efficacy of the new technique, a comparison of its performance with the existing techniques of the same order is also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous higher-order methods with derivative evaluations are accessible in the literature for computing multiple zeros. However, higher-order methods without derivatives are very rare for multiple zeros. Encouraged by this fact, we present a family of third-order derivative-free iterative methods for multiple zeros that require only evaluations of three functions per iteration. Convergence of the proposed class is demonstrated by means of using a graphical tool, namely basins of attraction. Applicability of the methods is demonstrated through numerical experimentation on different functions that illustrates the efficient behavior. Comparison of numerical results shows that the presented iterative methods are good competitors to the existing techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we utilize recent generalized fractional operators to establish some fractional inequalities in Hermite–Hadamard and Minkowski settings. It is obvious that many previously published inequalities can be derived as particular cases from our outcomes. Moreover, we articulate some flaws in the proofs of recently affiliated formulas by revealing the weak points and introducing more rigorous proofs amending and expanding the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose some generalized integral inequalities of the Raina type depicting the Mittag–Leffler function. We introduce and explore the idea of generalized s-type convex function of Raina type. Based on this, we discuss its algebraic properties and establish the novel version of Hermite–Hadamard inequality. Furthermore, to improve our results, we explore two new equalities, and employing these we present some refinements of the Hermite–Hadamard-type inequality. A few remarkable cases are discussed, which can be seen as valuable applications. Applications of some of our presented results to special means are given as well. An endeavor is made to introduce an almost thorough rundown of references concerning the Mittag–Leffler functions and the Raina functions to make the readers acquainted with the current pattern of emerging research in various fields including Mittag–Leffler and Raina type functions. Results established in this paper can be viewed as a significant improvement of previously known results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this work is to study an extension of the Caputo fractional derivative operator by use of the two-parameter Mittag–Leffler function given by Wiman. We have studied some generating relations, Mellin transforms and other relationships with extended hypergeometric functions in order to derive this extended operator. Due to symmetry in the family of special functions, it is easy to study their various properties with the extended fractional derivative operators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this research paper is to introduce a new extension of the Gauss hypergeometric function and confluent hypergeometric function by using an extended beta function. Some functional relations, summation relations, integral representations, linear transformation formulas, and derivative formulas for these extended functions are derived. We also introduce the logarithmic convexity and some important inequalities for extended beta function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this study is aimed at developing new criteria of the iterative nature to test the asymptotic and oscillation of nonlinear neutral delay differential equations of third order with noncanonical operator (a (ι) [ (b (ι) x (ι) + p (ι) x (ι − τ) ′) ′ ] β ) ′ + ∫ c d q (ι , μ) x β (σ (ι , μ)) d μ = 0 , where ι ≥ ι 0 and w (ι) : = x (ι) + p (ι) x (ι − τ) . New oscillation results are established by using the generalized Riccati technique under the assumption of ∫ ι 0 ι a − 1 / β (s) d s < ∫ ι 0 ι 1 b (s) d s = ∞ as ι → ∞ . Our new results complement the related contributions to the subject. An example is given to prove the significance of new theorem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An elastic beam equation (EBEq) described by a fourth-order fractional difference equation is proposed in this work with three-point boundary conditions involving the Riemann–Liouville fractional difference operator. New sufficient conditions ensuring the solutions' existence and uniqueness of the proposed problem are established. The findings are obtained by employing properties of discrete fractional equations, Banach contraction, and Brouwer fixed-point theorems. Further, we discuss our problem's results concerning H yers– U lam (HU), generalized H yers– U lam (GHU), H yers– U lam– R assias (HUR), and generalized H yers– U lam– R assias (GHUR) stability. Specific examples with graphs and numerical experiment are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]