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1,941 results on '"Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] [CAS]"'

51. Simultaneous detection of trace Ag(I) and Cu(II) ions using homoepitaxially grown GaN micropillar electrode

Author: Christophe Labbé, Cai Zhang, Xavier Portier, Wenjin Yang, Qingyun Liu, Jing Li, Fei Liu, Xinglai Zhang, Jinlei Yao, Baodan Liu, Fudan University [Shanghai], Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science (SYNL), Institute of Metal Research [Chinese Academy of Sciences] (IMR), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanomatériaux, Ions et Métamatériaux pour la Photonique (NIMPH), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Advanced Robotics and Controls Lab, University of San Diego (USD), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and University of San Diego
Subjects: Nanostructure, 02 engineering and technology, Substrate (electronics), Conductivity, Electrochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Ion, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph], Environmental Chemistry, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Detection limit, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Electrode, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Optoelectronics, Cyclic voltammetry, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: Driven by the motivation to quantitively control and monitor trace metal ions in water, the development of environmental-friendly electrodes with superior detection sensitivity is extremely important. In this work, we report the design of a stable, ultrasensitive and biocompatible electrode for the detection of trace Ag+ and Cu2+ ions by growing n-type GaN micropillars on conductive p-type GaN substrate. The electrochemical measurement based on cyclic voltammetry indicates that the GaN micropillars exhibit quasi-reversible and mass-controlled reaction in redox probe solution. In the application of trace Ag+ and Cu2+ determination, the GaN micropillars show superior sensitivity and excellent conductivity by presenting a detection limit of 3.3 ppb for Ag+ and 3.3 ppb for Cu2+. Comparative studies on the electrochemical response of GaN micropillars and GaN film in the simultaneous Ag+ and Cu2+ detection reveal that GaN micropillars show three orders of magnitude higher stripping peak current than GaN film. It is assumed that the microarray morphology with large active area and the hydrophilia nature of GaN micropillars are responsible for the excellent sensitivity. This work will open up some opportunities for GaN nanostructure electrodes in the application of trace metal ions detection.
Published: 2020
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52. A modified method of separating Tl(I) and Tl(III) in aqueous samples using solid phase extraction

Author: Atta Rasool, Tangfu Xiao, Qingxiang Xiao, Philippe C. Baveye, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), State key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry [Guiyang] (SKLEG), Institute of Geochemistry [Guiyang], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Guangzhou University, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, and Xiao, Tangfu
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Speciation, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Context (language use), Thallium (III), 010501 environmental sciences, Standard solution, 01 natural sciences, Solid phase extraction, Ion-exchange resin, QD1-999, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Aqueous solution, Elution, Methodology Article, 010401 analytical chemistry, SPE, AG1-X8, General Chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Chemistry, chemistry, Selective adsorption, Thallium
Abstract: In spite of the development of new measurement techniques in recent years, the rapid and accurate speciation of thallium in environmental aqueous samples remains a challenge. In this context, a novel method of solid phase extraction (SPE), involving the anion exchange resin AG1-X8, is proposed to separate Tl(I) and Tl(III). In the presence of diethylene triamine pentacetate acid (DTPA), Tl(III) and Tl(I) can be separated by selective adsorption of Tl(III)-DTPA onto the resin, Tl(III) is then eluted by a solution of HCl with SO2. The validity of this method was confirmed by assays of standard solutions of Tl(I) and Tl(III). The proposed method is shown to have an outstanding performance even in solutions with a high ratio of Tl(I)/Tl(III), and can be applied to aqueous samples with a high concentration of other electrolytes, which could interfere with the measurement. Portable equipment and reagents make it possible to use the proposed method routinely in the field. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13065-018-0502-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2018
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53. Electrical Initialization of Electron and Nuclear Spins in a Single Quantum Dot at Zero Magnetic Field

Author: Xavier Marie, Mathieu Stoffel, Bernhard Urbaszek, Zhanguo Wang, Xiufeng Han, Xavier Devaux, Andrea Balocchi, Hélène Carrère, Pierre Renucci, Jean-Marie George, Yuan Lu, Delphine Lagarde, Stéphane Mangin, Abdelhak Djeffal, Shiheng Liang, Bo Xu, Bingshan Tao, Thierry Amand, Fabian Cadiz, Henri Jaffrès, Michel Hehn, Laboratoire de physique et chimie des nano-objets (LPCNO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Compiler Optimization and Run-time Systems (CORSE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thalès (UMP CNRS/THALES), THALES-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Bejing national laboratory of condensed matter Physics, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences (KLSMS), Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOS), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of semiconductors [Chinese Academy of Sciences - Beijing] (IOS), Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics (IoP/CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), IMPACT N4S, ANR-15-IDEX-0004,LUE,Isite LUE(2015), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science (LSMS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), and THALES [France]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: FOS: Physical sciences, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Spinled, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), 0103 physical sciences, electrical spin injection, General Materials Science, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, 010306 general physics, Spin (physics), Hyperfine structure, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Circular polarization, spintronics, Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed matter physics, Spin polarization, Spintronics, Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), General Chemistry, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Magnetic field, Quantum dot, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Trion, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The emission of circularly polarized light from a single quantum dot relies on the injection of carriers with well-defined spin polarization. Here we demonstrate single dot electroluminescence (EL) with a circular polarization degree up to 35% at zero applied magnetic field. The injection of spin polarized electrons is achieved by combining ultrathin CoFeB electrodes on top of a spin-LED device with p-type InGaAs quantum dots in the active region. We measure an Overhauser shift of several $\mu$eV at zero magnetic field for the positively charged exciton (trion X$^+$) EL emission, which changes sign as we reverse the injected electron spin orientation. This is a signature of dynamic polarization of the nuclear spins in the quantum dot induced by the hyperfine interaction with the electrically injected electron spin. This study paves the way for electrical control of nuclear spin polarization in a single quantum dot without any external magnetic field., Comment: initial version, final version to appear in ACS Nano Letters
Published: 2018
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54. The Quasi‐monochromatic ULF Wave Boundary in the Venusian Foreshock: Venus Express Observations

Author: Lican Shan, Karim Meziane, Norberto Romanelli, Tielong Zhang, Yasong Ge, Christian Mazelle, Quanming Lu, Aimin Du, CAS Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics (EPP), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), CAS Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Chinese Institutions of Earth Science, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physics Department [UNB], University of New Brunswick (UNB), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), College of Earth Sciences [Beijing] (CES), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC), Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Venus, 01 natural sciences, ULF wave, 0103 physical sciences, Ligand cone angle, wave boundary, Interplanetary magnetic field, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], biology, Geophysics, Bow shocks in astrophysics, biology.organism_classification, Foreshock, oreshock, Solar wind, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Reflection (physics), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Energy source
Abstract: International audience; The location of ultra-low frequency (ULF) quasi-monochromatic wave onset upstream of Venus bow shock is explored using Venus Express magnetic field data. We report the existence of a spatial foreshock boundary behind which ULF waves are present. We have found that the ULF wave boundary at Venus is sensitive to the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) direction like the terrestrial one and appears well defined for a cone angle larger than 30o. In the Venusian foreshock, the inclination angle of the wave boundary with respect to the Sun-Venus direction increases with the IMF cone angle. We also found that for the IMF nominal direction (θBX = 36°) at Venus’ orbit, the value of this inclination angle is 70o. Moreover, we have found that the inferred velocity of an ion traveling along the ULF boundary is in a qualitative agreement with a quasi-adiabatic reflection of a portion of the solar wind at the bow shock. For an IMF nominal direction at Venus, the inferred bulk speed of ions traveling along this boundary is 1.07 VSW, sufficiently enough to overcome the solar wind convection. This strongly suggests that the backstreaming ions upstream of the Venusian bow shock provide the main energy source for the ULF waves.
Published: 2018
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55. Detrital zircon U Pb age distributions and Hf isotopic constraints of the Ailaoshan-Song Ma Suture Zone and their paleogeographic implications for the Eastern Paleo-Tethys evolution

Author: Wei Lin, Qiu-Li Li, Claude Lepvrier, Hao Wang, Lingtong Meng, Tich van Vu, Vuong van Nguyen, Yang Chu, Hoai Luong Thi Thu, Yin Wang, Michel Faure, Wei Wei, State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKL), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Géodynamique - UMR7327, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
Subjects: Provenance, Subduction, Paleozoic, Geochemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Detrital zircon, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Tectonics, Eastern Paleo-Tethys, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Ailaoshan-Song Ma Suture, Mélange, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Sedimentary rock, In-situ Hf isotopic content, Suture (geology), 010503 geology, Cenozoic, Geology, Tectonic evolution of SE Asia, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Zircon
Abstract: International audience; During the Late Paleozoic to Cenozoic, with the closure of the Tethys oceans, the East and/or Southeast Asia was amalgamated by individual blocks. In order to understand the Paleogeography of the Eastern Paleo-Tethys, a systematic Usingle bondPb dating on 11 samples have conducted to constrain the age and provenance of the elements forming the Ailaoshan-Song Ma mélange. These samples consist of the ophiolitic mélange zone (6 samples), the sedimentary cover of the Indochina block (4 samples), and the post-orogenic continental deposits (1 samples). The achieved detrital zircon age distribution, and the corresponding in-situ Hf isotopic recorder allow us to discuss the provenances of the materials involved in the tectonic processes during the subduction and collision. Three units (M1, M2, M3), which stand for the different segment of the suture zone, could be separated based on the differences in zircon age clusters and Hf isotopic values. These differences might be due to the variety of provenances. Combined with the previous works, especially our work on the Song Chay mélange zone, we concluded that both upper and lower plates are potential provenances for the mélanges between South China block and Indochina block. Along the suture zone, the component of the mélange presents a significant heterogeneity.
Published: 2021
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56. Equiaxed dendritic growth in nearly isothermal conditions: A study combining in situ and real-time experiment with large-scale phase-field simulation

Author: Yun Chen, Shanshan Li, Henri Nguyen-Thi, Liyuan Hou, Yanfei Cao, Xing-Qiu Chen, Dianzhong Li, Guillaume Reinhart, Tongzhao Gong, Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science (SYNL), Institute of Metal Research [Chinese Academy of Sciences] (IMR), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Baotou Research Institute on Rare Earths, Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence (IM2NP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and GDR 2799 Micropesanteur Fondamentale & Appliquée
Subjects: Convection, Equiaxed crystals, equiaxed dendritic growth, Materials science, Cmax, Thermodynamics, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Isothermal process, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Cmin, Phase (matter), Materials Chemistry, General Materials Science, Supercooling, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Natural convection, polycrystalline solidification, large-scale simulation, synchrotron X-ray radiography, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Mechanics of Materials, phase-field method, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; The equiaxed dendritic growth of Al-Cu alloys in nearly isothermal temperature field under continuous cooling condition is studied using in situ and real-time observation of experiments by synchrotron X-ray radiography and large-scale quantitative two-dimensional (2D) phase-field (PF) simulations. It is revealed that the equiaxed dendritic morphology and the secondary dendritic arm spacing (SDAS) in the 2D PF simulations are in a reasonable agreement with the experimental data. Increasing the cooling rates results in a smaller SDAS, as predicted by the analytical Kattamis-Flemings model. The transformation kinetics of solid fraction can be described by the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kologoromov (JMAK) theory, but quantitative differences between the experiments and 2D PF simulations are significant. The maximum solute concentration Cmax in liquid is approximately equal to the equilibrium concentration, which depends on the undercooling rather than the cooling rate. But the minimum solute concentration Cmin in solid decreases with the cooling rate, thus leading to a larger segregation ratio SR = Cmax/Cmin. Moreover, the liquid gravity-driven natural convection is considered in simulations. The liquid flow slightly increases the SDAS but has no apparent effect on solid fraction, and the segregation ratio is slightly reduced by the liquid convection, which could be attributed to the almost same Cmax and enlarged Cmin.
Published: 2021
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57. Ductile–brittle deformation effects on crystal-chemistry and U–Pb ages of magmatic and metasomatic zircons from a dyke of the Finero Mafic Complex (Ivrea–Verbano Zone, Italian Alps)

Author: Massimo Tiepolo, Maurizio Mazzucchelli, Antonio Langone, Alberto Padrón-Navarta José, Tommaso Giovanardi, Mattia Bonazzi, Alberto Zanetti, Wei-Qiang Ji, Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, Pavia, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKL), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Universidade de São Paulo, and Università degli Studi di Pavia
Subjects: Zircon, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mafic dyke, U-Pb dating, [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, Geochemistry, engineering.material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Petrography, Geochemistry and Petrology, Plagioclase, Microstructures, Zircon, U–Pb dating, Trace elements, Mafic dyke, Ivrea–Verbano Zone, Metasomatism, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trace elements, Ivrea-Verbano Zone, Gabbro, Geology, engineering, Ivrea–Verbano Zone, Microstructures, Mafic, U–Pb dating, Biotite, Mylonite
Abstract: International audience; A detailed microstructural, geochemical and geochronological study was performed on zircon grains from plagioclase-rich dioritic dykes discordantly intruded within meta-diorites/gabbros forming the External Gabbro unit of the Finero Mafic Complex (Italian Alps). This unit is exposed as part of a near complete crustal section spanning from mantle rocks to upper crustal metasediments (Val Cannobina, Ivrea–Verbano Zone, Italy). The leucocratic dykes consist mainly of plagioclase (An18–24Ab79–82Or0.3–0.7) with subordinate amounts of biotite and spinel defining melanocratic layers. Zircon and corundum are common accessory phases. Both the dykes and the surrounding meta-diorites/gabbros show evidence of ductile deformation under amphibolite-facies conditions.Zircon grains/fragments (up to 2 mm in length) occur as porphyroclasts surrounded by fine-grained plagioclase within the leucocratic domains and may occur within the melanocratic layers completely or partially surrounded by biotite and spinels. Fractures are common within zircon, define networks and have associated displacements occasionally and/or they can be filled by secondary minerals.Cathodoluminescence (CL) images reveal that zircon grains from the leucocratic layers show relicts of primary magmatic (i.e. oscillatory and or sector) zoning generally related with the crystal shapes or crystallographic orientation, whereas those from the melanocratic domains do not. In both cases, zircon shows secondary CL features, i.e. mosaic-like textures, due to deformation. EBSD maps confirmed a profuse mosaic texture, resulting in an internal misorientation of ca. 10°, generally associated with fractures. Locally, zircon shows clear evidence of crystal-plastic deformation at the edges, with a gradual misorientations of up to 12°, suggesting an origin prior fragmentation.Trace elements and U–Pb analyses were carried out by LA-ICP-MS directly on petrographic thin sections. Such in situ investigations revealed a strong correlation between internal zircon structures, chemistry, U–Pb isotope ratios and mylonitic fabric.U–Pb data return highly discordant and variable ages. The 206Pb/238U ages may range from ca. 297 to 198 Ma within the same zircon grain from the leucocratic layers, whereas 206Pb/238U younger than 250 Ma were systematically obtained from zircon within the melanocratic layers. The 206Pb/238U data younger than ca. 240 Ma from zircon grains within the leucocratic layers were obtained from narrow axial stripes observed in CL images and oriented parallel or at low-angle with respect to the foliation planes. These stripes are characterized by an overall HREE, Y, U and Th enrichment possibly reflecting deformation of the grain in presence of interstitial fluid phases. Combining U–Pb data, microstructure and zircon CL features, we suggest a multistage evolution of the dykes whereby the melanocratic layers are the result of a Late Permian metasomatic event promoting modification of the pre-existing mineral assemblage of the (Late Carboniferous–Early Permian?) dykes and deformation and partial resetting of zircon porphyroclasts. This has important implications in the geology of the Ivrea–Verbano Zone because, having the dyke intruded the External Gabbro unit before Triassic (probably during Carboniferous–Permian), the latter cannot be considered a Triassic intrusion. At least part of the External Gabbro unit is Carboniferous–Permian as the other mafic bodies of the Ivrea–Verbano Zone.
Published: 2017
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58. Quantification of the Arctic Sea Ice-Driven Atmospheric Circulation Variability in Coordinated Large Ensemble Simulations

Author: Annalisa Cherchi, Yongqi Gao, Rohit Ghosh, Claude Frankignoul, Young-Oh Kwon, Lingling Suo, Stephen Yeager, Yu-Chiao Liang, Tian Tian, Jennifer Mecking, Gokhan Danabasoglu, Daniela Matei, Guillaume Gastineau, Daniele Peano, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Bologna (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center [Bergen] (NERSC), Nansen-Zhu International Research Center (NZC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Beijing] (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), European Project: 727852,Blue-Action(2016), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Global Climate Models, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate, Climate change, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Decadal Ocean Variability, Paleoceanography, Oceans, Sea ice, Research Letter, Global Change, Sea level, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Climate Change and Variability, Climatology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Climate Variability, Climate and Interannual Variability, Atmospheric temperature, Arctic ice pack, Research Letters, Sea surface temperature, Oceanography: General, Geophysics, Arctic, 13. Climate action, Middle latitudes, Atmospheric Processes, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Oceanography: Physical
Abstract: A coordinated set of large ensemble atmosphere‐only simulations is used to investigate the impacts of observed Arctic sea ice‐driven variability (SIDV) on the atmospheric circulation during 1979–2014. The experimental protocol permits separating Arctic SIDV from internal variability and variability driven by other forcings including sea surface temperature and greenhouse gases. The geographic pattern of SIDV is consistent across seven participating models, but its magnitude strongly depends on ensemble size. Based on 130 members, winter SIDV is ~0.18 hPa2 for Arctic‐averaged sea level pressure (~1.5% of the total variance), and ~0.35 K2 for surface air temperature (~21%) at interannual and longer timescales. The results suggest that more than 100 (40) members are needed to separate Arctic SIDV from other components for dynamical (thermodynamical) variables, and insufficient ensemble size always leads to overestimation of SIDV. Nevertheless, SIDV is 0.75–1.5 times as large as the variability driven by other forcings over northern Eurasia and Arctic., Key Points Arctic sea ice variations drive ~1.5% of boreal winter Arctic SLP variance during 1979–2014 in coordinated 130‐member AGCM experimentsAn accurate quantification of the impacts of Arctic sea ice‐driven SLP variability requires an ensemble size greater than 100 membersInsufficient ensemble size always leads to an overestimation of the Arctic sea ice‐driven variance within and outside Arctic
Published: 2020
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59. In Situ Observations of the Formation of Periodic Collisionless Plasma Shocks from Fast Mode Waves

Author: Karl-Heinz Glassmeier, Yasong Ge, Lican Shan, Pierre Henri, Can Huang, Quanming Lu, Aimin Du, Bruce T. Tsurutani, Christian Mazelle, CAS Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics (EPP), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Innovation Academy for Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Independent Scholar, CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CAS Key Laboratory of Basic Plasma Physics, Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ion beam, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Photoionization, 01 natural sciences, Instability, Ion, Plasma physics, Physics::Plasma Physics, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Shocks (2086), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Plasma physics (2089), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Shocks, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Pickup ions, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Plasma, Bow shocks in astrophysics, Computational physics, Solar wind, Pickup ions (1239), Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Physics::Space Physics
Abstract: International audience; It has been long theorized, but not directly observed, that low-frequency magnetosonic plasma waves can steepen and form shocks. We show an example of small-amplitude, sinusoidal magnetosonic waves at the proton gyrofrequency upstream of the Martian bow shock. We hypothesize that these waves are produced by an ion beam instability associated with the ionization of hydrogen atoms by charge exchange with solar wind protons, solar photoionization, and/or electron impact ionization. As the waves are convected toward the planet by solar wind flow, the wave amplitude grows due to additional free energy put into the system by further ion beam particles. Finally, the steepened waves form shocks. Because of their development, the shocks are periodic with the separation at the proton gyroperiod. These observations lead to the conclusion that newborn ions may play a crucial role in the formation process of some collisionless plasma shocks in astrophysical and space plasmas.
Published: 2020
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60. Cretaceous exhumation of the Triassic intracontinental Xuefengshan Belt: Delayed unroofing of an orogenic plateau across the South China Block?

Author: Mark B. Allen, Wei Lin, Zhentian Feng, Michel Faure, Yang Chu, State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKL), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géodynamique - UMR7327, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Sciences [Durham], and Durham University
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Continental collision, Metamorphism, Thermochronology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mesozoic plateau, Paleontology, South China, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, geography, Plateau, geography.geographical_feature_category, Subduction, 15. Life on land, Cretaceous, Tectonics, Geophysics, Delayed exhumation, Cretaceous extension, Magmatism, Geology, Xuefengshan
Abstract: International audience; A large plateau can be produced by crustal thickening in convergent zones such as continental collision belts and Andean-type subduction zones, but the life cycles of such plateaux are not well-understood. In particular, it is not clear how long they persist after construction, before other tectonic processes or erosion reduce crustal thickness and elevation to near-normal levels. Triassic subduction- and collision-tectonics produced intense deformation, magmatism and metamorphism across the entire South China Block. This large-scale crustal shortening created a broad orogenic belt, uplifted most parts of the South China Block, and probably initiated the growth of an orogenic plateau. Our study presents low-temperature thermochronology data from the Xuefengshan Belt in the interior of the South China Block. There was along-strike variation in exhumation. The north orogenic core was subjected to Triassic (~245–210 Ma), and Late Cretaceous (~100–80 Ma) exhumation, whereas the cooling path of the south orogenic core reflects a two stage Cretaceous evolution. The variable exhumation pattern reflects non-uniform tectonics in different regions, but both regions were subject to Late Cretaceous extension. We tentatively reconstruct the original plateau paleo-elevation to be ~1.5 km above sea level, based on the amount of exhumation (~10 km) and the present crustal thickness (~35 km). The T-t trajectories of the Xuefengshan Belt and other Triassic belts highlight the significance of Cretaceous extension and exhumation in shaping the tectonic configuration of the South China Block. Large-scale extension was probably triggered by rollback of the Paleo-Pacific subduction zone.
Published: 2020
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61. The Added Value of Large-eddy and Storm-resolving Models for Simulating Clouds and Precipitation

Author: Sebastian Brune, Andreas Macke, Julia Windmiller, Fabian Senf, Akio Hansen, Ulrike Burkhardt, Hartwig Deneke, Susanne Crewell, Metodija Shapkalijevski, Fabian Jakub, Aiko Voigt, Clemens Simmer, Traute Crüger, Jessica Vial, Martin Köhler, Petra Friederichs, Joachim Biercamp, Rieke Heinze, Matthias Brueck, Niklas Röber, Thirza W. van Laar, Vera Schemann, Puxi Li, Leonhard Scheck, Bernhard Mayer, Ioanna Arka, Sabrina Schnitt, Guido Cioni, Nicolas Rochetin, Dela Spickermann, Montserrat Costa-Surós, Axel Seifert, Vasileios Barlakas, Günter Zängl, Karsten Peters, Cintia Carbajal Henken, Christine Nam, Nils Madenach, Norbert Kalthoff, Shweta Singh, Marek Jacob, Johan Strandgren, Ulrich Löhnert, Octave Tessiot, Panagiotis Adamidis, Stefan A. Buehler, Ann Kristin Naumann, Bjorn Stevens, Johannes Quaas, Cathy Hohenegger, Carolin Klinger, Daniel Klocke, Claudia Acquistapace, Wiebke Schubotz, Odran Sourdeval, Stefan Poll, Nikki Vercauteren, Harald Rybka, Université de Lille, CNRS, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology [MPI-M], Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Universität Hamburg [UHH], Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie [MPI-M], Ludwig-Maximilians University [Munich] [LMU], Hans Ertel Zentrum für Wetterforschung [Offenbach], Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] [DWD], Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum [Hamburg] [DKRZ], Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [DLR], Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung [TROPOS], Universität Bonn = University of Bonn, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research [TROPOS], Freie Universität Berlin, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie [KIT], Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences [CAMS], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] [CAS], Climate Service Center [Hambourg] [GERICS], Universität Leipzig, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Troposphäre [IEK-8], Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosphérique (LOA) - UMR 8518, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay [ENS Paris Saclay], Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory [LDEO], Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Universität Hamburg (UHH), Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie (MPI-M), Ludwig-Maximilians University [Munich] (LMU), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum [Hamburg] (DKRZ), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung (TROPOS), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Climate Service Center [Hambourg] (GERICS), Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (GKSS), Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Troposphäre (IEK-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), and Columbia University [New York]
Subjects: Convection, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Cloud cover, representation of clouds and precipitation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, storm-resolving models, large-eddy simulation, clouds, precipitation, climate change, cloud-resolving models, Climate change, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, Diurnal cycle, ddc:550, Precipitation, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, high resolution modelling, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, added value of high resolution, Storm, Earth sciences, Convective storm detection, Environmental science, Large eddy simulation
Abstract: More than one hundred days were simulated over very large domains with fine (0.156 km to 2.5 km) grid spacing for realistic conditions to test the hypothesis that storm (kilometer) and large-eddy (hectometer) resolving simulations would provide an improved representation of clouds and precipitation in atmospheric simulations. At scales that resolve convective storms (storm-resolving for short), the vertical velocity variance becomes resolved and a better physical basis is achieved for representing clouds and precipitation. Similarly to past studies we found an improved representation of precipitation at kilometer scales, as compared to models with parameterized convection. The main precipitation features (location, diurnal cycle and spatial propagation) are well captured already at kilometer scales, and refining resolution to hectometer scales does not substantially change the simu-lations in these respects. It does, however, lead to a reduction in the precipitation on the time-scales considered – most notably over the ocean in the tropics. Changes in the distribution of precipitation, with less frequent extremes are also found in simulations incorporating hectometer scales. Hectometer scales appear to be more important for the representation of clouds, and make it possible to capture many important aspects of the cloud field, from the vertical distribution of cloud cover, to the distribution of cloud sizes, and to the diel (daily) cycle. Qualitative improvements, particularly in the ability to differentiate cumulus from stratiform clouds, are seen when one reduces the grid spacing from kilometer to hectometer scales. At the hectometer scale new challenges arise, but the similarity of observed and simulated scales, and the more direct connection between the circula-tion and the unconstrained degrees of freedom make these challenges less daunting. This quality, combined with already improved simulation as compared to more parameterized models, underpins our conviction that the use and further development of storm-resolving models offers exciting opportunities for advancing understanding of climate and climate change.
Published: 2020
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62. Electrical Detection of Light Helicity using a Quantum Dots based Hybrid Device at Zero Magnetic Field

Author: Bingshan Tao, Thierry Amand, Yuan Lu, Bernhard Urbaszek, X. F. Han, Z.G. Wang, Sylvie Migot, Xavier Marie, Pierre Renucci, Hélène Carrère, J.-M. George, Fabian Cadiz, Andrea Balocchi, Henri Jaffrès, Bao Xu, D. Lagarde, Xavier Devaux, J. Frougier, Laboratoire de physique et chimie des nano-objets (LPCNO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), THALES [France]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science (LSMS), Institute of semiconductors [Chinese Academy of Sciences - Beijing] (IOS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), THALES-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences (KLSMS), and Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)
Subjects: Photocurrent, Materials science, Photon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Condensed matter physics, Field (physics), Photodetector, Physics::Optics, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics - Applied Physics, 02 engineering and technology, Electron, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic field, Hysteresis, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Quantum dot, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; Photon helicity-dependent photocurrent is measured at zero magnefic field thanks to a device based on an ensemble of (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots that are embedded into a GaAs-based p-in diode. Our main goal is to take advantage of the long electron spin-relaxation time expected in these nano-objects. In these experiments, no external magnetic field is required thanks to the use of an ultrathin magnetic CoFeB/MgO electrode, presenting perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. We observe a clear asymmetry of the photocurrent measured under respective right and left polarized light that follows the hysteresis of the magnetic layer. The amplitude of this asymmetry at zero magnetic field decreases with increasing temperatures and can be controlled with the bias. Polarization-resolved photoluminescence is detected in parallel while the device is operated as a photodetector. This demonstrates the multifunctional capabilities of the device and gives valuable insights into the spin relaxation of the electrons in the quantum dots.
Published: 2020
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63. Efficiency of the spectral element method with very high polynomial degree to solve the elastic wave equation

Author: Yann Capdeville, Liang Zhao, Chao Lyu, State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKL), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-16-CE31-0022,HIWAI,Inversion homogénéisée de formes d'ondes sismiques(2016)
Subjects: Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Wave propagation, Spectral element method, Mathematical analysis, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Wave equation, 01 natural sciences, Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, Degree of a polynomial, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The spectral element method (SEM) has gained tremendous popularity within the seismological community to solve the wave equation at all scales. Classic SEM applications mostly rely on degrees 4–8 elements in each tensorial direction. Higher degrees are usually not considered due to two main reasons. First, high degrees imply large elements, which make the meshing of mechanical discontinuities difficult. Second, the SEM’s collocation points cluster toward the edge of the elements with the degree, degrading the time-marching stability criteria and imposing a small time step and a high numerical cost. Recently, the homogenization method has been introduced in seismology. This method can be seen as a preprocessing step before solving the wave equation that smooths out the internal mechanical discontinuities of the elastic model. It releases the meshing constraint and makes use of very high degree elements more attractive. Thus, we address the question of memory and computing time efficiency of very high degree elements in SEM, up to degree 40. Numerical analyses reveal that, for a fixed accuracy, very high degree elements require less computer memory than low-degree elements. With minimum sampling points per minimum wavelength of 2.5, the memory needed for a degree 20 is about a quarter that of the one necessary for a degree 4 in two dimensions and about one-eighth in three dimensions. Moreover, for the SEM codes tested in this work, the computation time with degrees 12–24 can be up to twice faster than the classic degree 4. This makes SEM with very high degrees attractive and competitive for solving the wave equation in many situations.
Published: 2020
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64. Enumerating the morphologies of non-degenerate Darboux cyclides

Author: Bernard Mourrain, Xiaohong Jia, Mingyang Zhao, Wenping Wang, Changhe Tu, Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization (KLMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS)-Institute of Systems Science (ISS), China-Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science [Beijing], National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences [Beijing] (NCMIS), Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science (AMSS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Computer Graphics Group [Hong Kong], Department of Computer Science [Hong Kong], City University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong] (CUHK)-City University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong] (CUHK), Shandong University, AlgebRe, geOmetrie, Modelisation et AlgoriTHmes (AROMATH), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA)
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), Pure mathematics, Quadric, Degenerate energy levels, Aerospace Engineering, Stereographic projection, 020207 software engineering, Darboux cyclides, morphologies, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, 0104 chemical sciences, Segre characteristic, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, stereographic projection, Intersection, Modeling and Simulation, Automotive Engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Enumeration, [MATH.MATH-AG]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG], Algebraic number, index sequences, Mathematics
Abstract: We provide an enumeration of all possible morphologies of non-degenerate Darboux cyclides. Based on the fact that every Darboux cyclide in R 3 is the stereographic projection of the intersection surface of a sphere and a quadric in R 4 , we transform the enumeration problem of morphologies of Darboux cyclides to the enumeration of the algebraic sequences that characterize the intersection of a sphere and a quadric in R 4 .
Published: 2019
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65. The induced magnetosphere of Mars. Asymmetrical topology of the magnetic field lines

Author: Lev Zelenyi, John E. P. Connerney, Joachim Woch, Yong Wei, J. P. McFadden, Ronan Modolo, Markus Fraenz, Gina A. DiBraccio, Lihui Chai, Elena Grigorenko, Martin Paetzold, Eduard Dubinin, Jared Espley, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung (RIU), Universität zu Köln, CAS Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics (EPP), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, GSFC Solar System Exploration Division, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), and Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS)
Subjects: Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Field line, Magnetosphere, Plasma, Mars Exploration Program, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic field, Computational physics, Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Electric field, Physics::Space Physics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Ionosphere, Interplanetary magnetic field, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; An asymmetrical pileup of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) leads to an additional draping of the field lines in the opposite direction to the motional electric field. Such a draping and the associated magnetic field forces push the ionosphere plasma in the transverse direction opening a passage for an ion trail which contains dense and slowly moving plasma. We found that wrapping of the field lines around Mars starts in the hemisphere pointing in the direction of the motional electric field and propagates to the opposite hemisphere where the cross‐flow component of the draped IMF changes sign in a broad area accompanied by the formation of loops of closed field lines. Reconnection near Mars accompanied by the generation of plasma vortices imposes serious constraints on the ion dynamics and their escape through the tail. The existence of all these features is confirmed by hybrid simulations.
Published: 2019
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66. E -tunable magnetic susceptibility and reversible magnetization switching in YIG/Pt/PMN-PZT/Pt heterostructure by low electric and magnetic fields

Author: Philippe Pernod, Liuyang Han, Genshui Wang, Freddy Ponchel, Tuami Lasri, Denis Remiens, Nicolas Tiercelin, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Matériaux et Acoustiques pour MIcro et NAno systèmes intégrés - IEMN (MAMINA - IEMN), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - Département Opto-Acousto-Électronique - UMR 8520 (IEMN-DOAE), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Microtechnology and Instrumentation for Thermal and Electromagnetic Characterization - IEMN (MITEC - IEMN), Laboratoire International associé sur les phénomènes Critiques et Supercritiques en électronique fonctionnelle, acoustique et fluidique (LIA LICS/LEMAC), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Acoustique Impulsionnelle & Magnéto-Acoustique Non linéaire - Fluides, Interfaces Liquides & Micro-Systèmes - IEMN (AIMAN-FILMS - IEMN), State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure [Shanghai Institute of Ceramics], Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis work is financially supported by the Ph.D. contract of Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, the International PartnershipProgram of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. GJHZ1821), and the Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s InternationalFellowship Initiative (Grant No. 2017VEA0002)., Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France)-Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France), Acoustique Impulsionnelle & Magnéto-Acoustique Non linéaire - Fluides, Interfaces Liquides & Micro-Systèmes - IEMN (AIMAN-FILMS-IEMN), and Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Magnetism, Yttrium iron garnet, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Magnetocrystalline anisotropy, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic susceptibility, Zirconate, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Magnetization, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, chemistry, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Multiferroics, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; The electric field (E) controlled magnetism in the multiferroic heterostructure comprising polycrystalline yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film, Pt electrodes, and lead magnesium niobate-lead zirconate titanate (PMN-PZT) ceramic is presented in this work. The electric-field-dependent magnetization and susceptibility of YIG film reveal the strain-mediated transformation of magnetocrystalline anisotropy. A strong converse magnetoelectric (CME) effect has been observed in the YIG/Pt/PMN-PZT/Pt heterostructure, and the CME coefficient can reach 17 × 10 −8 s/m at 0 Oe and 4.2 kV/cm. The reversible magnetization switching by means of a low voltage pulse (±4.6 kV/cm) can be realized at 0 Oe in the YIG/Pt/PMN-PZT/Pt heterostructure, and the E-tunable susceptibility can reach Δχ/χ0+ = 55.5% at 20 Oe and 4 kV/cm. These results show great potential in power-efficient magnetoelectric components for information storage and tunable devices.
Published: 2019
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67. Classical scoring functions for docking are unable to exploit large volumes of structural and interaction data

Author: Hongjian Li, Pavel Sidorov, Yee Leung, Jiangjun Peng, Pedro J. Ballester, Kwong-Sak Leung, Gang Lu, Man Hon Wong, Central South University [Changsha], The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Computer Science and Engineering [Hong Kong, China], State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKL), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, and Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, Similarity (geometry), Exploit, Computer science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0206 medical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Ligands, Biochemistry, Machine Learning, 03 medical and health sciences, Protein structure, Scoring functions for docking, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Training set, business.industry, Proteins, Contrast (statistics), Pattern recognition, Computer Science Applications, Random forest, Computational Mathematics, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Test set, Metric (mathematics), Artificial intelligence, business, 020602 bioinformatics, Protein Binding
Abstract: Motivation Studies have shown that the accuracy of random forest (RF)-based scoring functions (SFs), such as RF-Score-v3, increases with more training samples, whereas that of classical SFs, such as X-Score, does not. Nevertheless, the impact of the similarity between training and test samples on this matter has not been studied in a systematic manner. It is therefore unclear how these SFs would perform when only trained on protein-ligand complexes that are highly dissimilar or highly similar to the test set. It is also unclear whether SFs based on machine learning algorithms other than RF can also improve accuracy with increasing training set size and to what extent they learn from dissimilar or similar training complexes. Results We present a systematic study to investigate how the accuracy of classical and machine-learning SFs varies with protein-ligand complex similarities between training and test sets. We considered three types of similarity metrics, based on the comparison of either protein structures, protein sequences or ligand structures. Regardless of the similarity metric, we found that incorporating a larger proportion of similar complexes to the training set did not make classical SFs more accurate. In contrast, RF-Score-v3 was able to outperform X-Score even when trained on just 32% of the most dissimilar complexes, showing that its superior performance owes considerably to learning from dissimilar training complexes to those in the test set. In addition, we generated the first SF employing Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), XGB-Score, and observed that it also improves with training set size while outperforming the rest of SFs. Given the continuous growth of training datasets, the development of machine-learning SFs has become very appealing. Availability and implementation https://github.com/HongjianLi/MLSF Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Published: 2019
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68. Correction to: Bottom‑up effects of irrigation, fertilization and plant resistance on Tuta absoluta: implications for Integrated Pest Management

Author: Peng Han, Nicolas Desneux, Christine Becker, Romain Larbat, Jacques Le Bot, Stéphane Adamowicz, Jiang Zhang, Anne-Violette Lavoir, CAS Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Crop Protection, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University-Hubei University, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Wuhan University [China]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 010602 entomology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Agronomy and Crop Science, 6. Clean water, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019
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69. Time-domain Brillouin scattering for depth profiling of optically transparent materials: applications, limitations and perspectives

Author: Raetz, Samuel, Chigarev, Nikolay, Nikitin, Sergey, Kuriakose, Maju, de Lima Savi, Elton, Hu, Qing-Miao, Djemia, Philippe, Bulou, Alain, Tournat, Vincent, Hurley, David, Zerr, Andreas, Goussev, Vitali, Laboratoire d'Acoustique de l'Université du Mans (LAUM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Le Mans Université (UM), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science (SYNL), Institute of Metal Research [Chinese Academy of Sciences] (IMR), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux (LSPM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut Galilée-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Idaho National Laboratory (INL), and Zerr, Andreas
Subjects: [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.ACOU] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [PHYS.COND.CM-MS] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]
Abstract: International audience; Time-domain Brillouin scattering (TDBS) is an experimental technique for generation and detection of nanometers-in-length acoustic pulses using ultrafast lasers, which was originally referred to as picosecond acoustic interferometry [1]. Experimental signals collected with the TDBS technique in transparent materials contain Brillouin oscillations, caused by interference of the probe laser pulses reflected from stationary interfaces and from the propagating ultrashort acoustic pulses. Frequencies of the Brillouin oscillations depend on the local refractive index and the local longitudinal sound velocity. Therefore, accurate estimates in a TDBS signal of the Brillouin frequency with respect to time give an access to the variations of the material parameters as a function of material depth. TDBS experiments could give access to acoustical, optical and acousto-optical parameters of the materials [2], by carrying experiments at several incidence angles for instance. Some applications of the TDBS technique for depth profiling of polycrystalline materials under very high-pressures [3,4] as well as its ability for real-time imaging of phase transition [5] will be presented. Limitations of this imaging technique, as well as the perspectives of its extension in multiple research areas [6] and industrial fields, will also be discussed. References[1]C. Thomsen, H. T. Graham, H. J. Maris, J. Tauc, Optics Communications 60, 55 (1986). [2]A. M. Lomonosov, A. Ayouch, P. Ruello, G. Vaudel, M. R. Baklanov, P. Verdonck, L. Zhao, V. E. Gusev, ACS Nano 6, 1410 (2012).[3]M. Kuriakose, S. Raetz, N. Chigarev, S. M. Nikitin, A. Bulou, D. Gasteau, V. Tournat, B. Castagnede, A. Zerr, and V. E. Gusev, Ultrasonics 69, 259-267 (2016).[4]M. Kuriakose, S. Raetz, Q. M. Hu, S. M. Nikitin, N. Chigarev, V. Tournat, A. Bulou, A. Lomonosov, P. Djemia, V. E. Gusev, and A. Zerr, Phys. Rev. B 96, 134122 (2017).[5]M. Kuriakose, N. Chigarev, S. Raetz, A. Bulou, V. Tournat, A. Zerr, and V. E. Gusev, New J. Phys., 19, 053026 (2017).[6]V. E. Gusev, P. Ruello, Appl. Phys. Rev. 5, 031101 (2018).
Published: 2019

70. Archaeal community structure in sediments from a seamount in the Mariana Volcanic Arc

Author: Cong Xu, Hongmiao Pan, Tian Xiao, Wenyan Zhang, Jia Liu, Xuegang Li, Yi Dong, Long-Fei Wu, Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology [Qingdao], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Qingdao], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Center for Ocean Mega-Science [Qingdao], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), International Associated Laboratory of Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms ( LIA-MagMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de chimie bactérienne (LCB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41806178, 41776130, 41776131), the Strategic Priority Research Programs (No. XDA11030202.2), the National Natural Science Foundation of China—Shandong Joint Fund (Nos. U1706208, U1606404), and a grant for LIA-MagMC, from the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Subjects: Thaumarchaeota, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Seamount, Oceanography, 03 medical and health sciences, Nitrosopumilales, seamount, archaeal diversity, 14. Life underwater, 030304 developmental biology, Water Science and Technology, 0303 health sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Volcanic arc, 030306 microbiology, Community structure, biology.organism_classification, Species richness, community structure, Geology, Hydrothermal vent, Archaea
Abstract: International audience; Seamounts are subsurface mountains in the ocean. Examination of the abundance and distribution of Archaea in seamount ecosystems may provide a better understanding of their ecological functions. Most studies of marine archaeal assemblages in seamount area have focused on hydrothermal vents or ferromanganese crusts. We investigated the archaeal communities from a seamount of the Mariana Volcanic Arc, in the tropical western Pacific Ocean by using high-throughput sequencing. Thaumarchaeota was dominant in the sediments of all sample stations. Community diversity and species richness were greatest at stations near the top of the seamount, and lowest at the deepest station. One sample station on the steep southeast slope that faced the Yap-Mariana trench had a unique composition of Archaea. In summary, depth has an important influence on archaeal community structure, and the geographic properties and sediment characteristics may explain the unique distribution patterns of Archaea in this seamount. This study provides a foundation for future research on Archaea in seamounts.
Published: 2019
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71. Influence of Summer Sublimation on δD, δ18O, and δ17O in Precipitation, East Antarctica, and Implications for Climate Reconstruction From Ice Cores

Author: Wangbin Zhang, Valérie Masson-Delmotte, Claudio Scarchilli, Hongxi Pang, Yuansheng Li, Frédéric Prié, Camille Risi, Barbara Stenni, S. Falourd, Yetang Wang, Shuang-Ye Wu, Bénédicte Minster, Amaelle Landais, Chunlei An, Koji Fujita, Hans Christian Steen-Larsen, Paolo Grigioni, Shugui Hou, Jean Jouzel, The State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science, Cold and Arid Region Environment and Engineering Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Technical University Hamburg Harburg [Hamburg], School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University (NJU), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics [Venezia], University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Graduate School of Environmental Studies [Nagoya], Nagoya University, Pang, H., Hou, S., Landais, A., Masson-Delmotte, V., Jouzel, J., Steen-Larsen, H. C., Risi, C., Zhang, W., Wu, S., Li, Y., An, C., Wang, Y., Prie, F., Minster, B., Falourd, S., Stenni, B., Scarchilli, C., Fujita, K., Grigioni, P., Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, δ18O, water stable isotopes, Antarctica, climate, ice core, East antarctica, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Geophysics, Ice core, Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica e Vulcanologia, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Sublimation (phase transition), Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; In central Antarctica, where accumulation rates are very low, summer sublimation of surface snow is a key element of the surface mass balance, but its fingerprint in isotopic composition of water (δD, δ 18 O, and δ 17 O) remains unclear. In this study, we examined the influence of summer sublimation on δD, δ 18 O, and δ 17 O in precipitation using data sets of isotopic composition of precipitation at various sites on the inland East Antarctica. We found unexpectedly low δ 18 O values in the summer precipitation, decoupled from surface air temperatures. This feature can be explained by the combined effects of weak or nonexistent temperature inversion and moisture recycling associated with sublimation-condensation processes in summer. Isotopic fractionation during the moisture-recycling process also explains the observed high values of d-excess and 17 O-excess in summer precipitation. Our results suggest that the local cycle of sublimation-condensation in summer is an important process for the isotopic composition of surface snow, water vapor, and consequently precipitation on inland East Antarctica.
Published: 2019
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72. Identification of novel species of marine magnetotactic bacteria affiliated with Nitrospirae phylum

Author: Tian Xiao, Wenyan Zhang, Long-Fei Wu, Nicolas Menguy, François Alberto, Xin-Xin Qian, Jinhua Li, Jia Liu, Zhaojie Teng, Laboratoire de chimie bactérienne (LCB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Associated Laboratory of Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms (LIA-MagMC), CNRS-CAS, Marseille, 13402, France., CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science (KLMEES), CAS Institute of Oceanology (IOCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China., International Associated Laboratory of Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms ( LIA-MagMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: Cytoplasm, Magnetotactic bacteria, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Magnetosome, Nitrospirae, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogenetics, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Phylotype, 0303 health sciences, biology, Bacteria, 030306 microbiology, Phylum, Planctomycetes, biology.organism_classification, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Evolutionary biology, Magnetosomes, Proteobacteria, Water Microbiology, Locomotion, Sulfur
Abstract: International audience; Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are a group of Gram‐negative bacteria characterized by synthesizing magnetosomes and swimming along geomagnetic field lines. Phylogenetically, they belong to different taxonomic lineages including Proteobacteria, Nitrospirae, Omnitrophica, Latescibacteria and Planctomycetes phyla on the phylogenetic tree. To date, six Nitrospirae MTB phylotypes have been identified from freshwater or low‐salinity environments and described in the literature. Here, we report the identification of two Nitrospirae MTB phylotypes collected, for the first time, from the marine environment. Both have a spherical morphology with a cell size of ~ 5 μM and similar motility but are different colours (black‐brown and ivory‐white) under the optic microscope. They synthesized bullet‐shaped iron‐oxide magnetosomes that were arranged in multiple bundles of chains. Moreover, the cytoplasm of the black‐brown Nitrospirae MTB contained sulphur inclusions that conferred on cells a rough, granular appearance. Phylogenetic analysis based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that they are two novel species and cluster with the previously reported MTB affiliated with the phylum Nitrospirae, thus extending the distribution of Nitrospirae MTB from freshwater to the marine environment.
Published: 2019
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73. Electric field tuning of magnetization in an antiferroelectric‐based heterostructure: Example of NMG/PLZST/NMG

Author: Liuyang Han, Freddy Ponchel, Nicolas Tiercelin, Denis Remiens, Genshui Wang, Philippe Pernod, Tuami Lasri, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Matériaux et Acoustiques pour MIcro et NAno systèmes intégrés - IEMN (MAMINA - IEMN), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - Département Opto-Acousto-Électronique - UMR 8520 (IEMN-DOAE), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France)-Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France), Laboratoire International associé sur les phénomènes Critiques et Supercritiques en électronique fonctionnelle, acoustique et fluidique (LIA LICS/LEMAC), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Acoustique Impulsionnelle & Magnéto-Acoustique Non linéaire - Fluides, Interfaces Liquides & Micro-Systèmes - IEMN (AIMAN-FILMS-IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Microtechnology and Instrumentation for Thermal and Electromagnetic Characterization - IEMN (MITEC - IEMN), State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure [Shanghai Institute of Ceramics], Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Acoustique Impulsionnelle & Magnéto-Acoustique Non linéaire - Fluides, Interfaces Liquides & Micro-Systèmes - IEMN (AIMAN-FILMS - IEMN), and ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank Shanghai Institute of Ceramics and Université Polytechnique Hauts‐de‐France for the overseas academic exchange
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Heterojunction, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Magnetization, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, Antiferroelectricity, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; A magnetoelectric (ME) heterostructure was fabricated by depositing a Ni-Mn-Ga (NMG) magnetic film on an antiferroelectric (AFE) PLZST-(Pb, La)(Zr, Sn, Ti)O3-ceramic substrate. Significant and reversible electric field-induced relative magnetization changes (∆M/M0) were firstly observed in this magnetic/AFE heterostructure, and the ∆M/M0 vs electric field loops have been found to correspond well with the strain-electric field curve of PLZST ceramic. The maximum ∆M/M0 variation can reach 15%, indicating an obvious strain-mediated converse magnetoelectric (CME) effect. A maximum CME coefficient of 1.14 × 10-9 s/m was obtained at the switching electric fields of PLZST. The collected results suggest that AFE materials with a large electric-field-induced phase transition strain could be alternative candidates in ME coupling heterostructures.
Published: 2019
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74. Interfacial influence on electrical injection and transport characterization of CoFeB|MgO|GaAs-InGaAs quantum wells hetero-structure

Author: Xavier Devaux, L. Xu, Y. Tian, Bao Xu, Pierre Renucci, Yuan Lu, Changping Yang, Can Xiao, Shiheng Liang, Chang’an Zhang, Ruilong Wang, Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NJUST), Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes (IBMP), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Laboratoire de physique et chimie des nano-objets (LPCNO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hubei University of Economics, Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences (KLSMS), Institute of semiconductors [Chinese Academy of Sciences - Beijing] (IOS), Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science (LSMS), and Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)
Subjects: Materials science, Annealing (metallurgy), Structural and electrical properties, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Sputtering, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Electronic band structure, Quantum well, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MIS structure, business.industry, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Threshold voltage, Amorphous solid, Spin light emitting diode, Transmission electron microscopy, Interfacial states, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Molecular beam epitaxy
Abstract: International audience; The quality of interfaces is a key factor for efficient electrical spin injection into quantum well light emitting diodes. Here, we investigate the interfacial influence on the electrical transport properties in CoFeB|MgO|GaAs-InGaAs quantum wells hetero-structure, by considering textured MgO tunnel barrier fabricated by two different techniques: sputtering and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). From forward and reverse current-voltage characteristics , it is found that the threshold voltage decreases as the annealing temperature changes from room temperature to 300°C for sputtered samples, however there is not much difference in threshold voltage with the annealing temperature for MBE-grown samples. In combination with transmission electron microscope (TEM) studies, it is found the MgO|GaAs interface by MBE is sharp for both grown and annealed states. However, there is a thin (∼0.4 nm) amorphous MgO layer at the MgO|GaAs interface for sputtered samples with grown state, and the amorphous MgO can be improved and crystallized after annealing. The MgO|GaAs interface plays a role in modulating the band structure and has an influence on electrical injection. Our work demonstrated that CoFeB|MgO|GaAs interfaces are important and can be engineered thanks to the use of two types of growth for the textured MgO tunnel barriers, which ensures efficient electrical injection.
Published: 2019
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75. A new unspiked K-Ar dating approach using laser fusion on microsamples

Author: Liekun Yang, Fei Wang, Lin Wu, Rixiang Zhu, Hervé Guillou, Yinzhi Wang, Wenbei Shi, Weibin Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKL), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Isochron, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Argon, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Mineralogy, Isotopes of argon, chemistry.chemical_element, K–Ar dating, engineering.material, Sanidine, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Geochronology, engineering, Nuclide, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Hornblende
Abstract: RATIONALE Issues induced by neutron irradiation makes 40 Ar/39 Ar dating inapplicable in some cases. The first issue is 37 Ar and 39 Ar recoil effects during irradiation that affect fine-grained minerals (
Published: 2019
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76. Magnetic signature of river sediments drained into the southern and eastern part of the South China Sea (Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Luzon and Taiwan)

Author: Camille Wandres, Catherine Kissel, Jinhua Li, Zhifei Liu, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Climat et Magnétisme (CLIMAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology [Shanghai], Tongji University, CAS Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics (EPP), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Water mass, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stratigraphy, Drainage basin, Geology, Structural basin, engineering.material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Magnetic mineralogy, engineering, 14. Life underwater, Precipitation, Parent rock, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Clay minerals, Pyrrhotite, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Magnetic properties of 22 river samples collected in the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Luzon and Taiwan have been investigated in order to magnetically characterize the sediments drained and deposited into the South China Sea. The geological formations as well as the present climatic conditions are different from one region to another. Laboratory analyses include low-field magnetic susceptibility, anhysteretic (ARM) and isothermal (IRM) remanent magnetizations acquisition and decay, back-field acquisition, thermal demagnetization of three-axes IRM, hysteresis cycles and low-temperature magnetic measurements. The magnetic properties indicate that the sediments are a mixture of hematite, magnetite and pyrrhotite in different proportions depending on the region. Combined with results previously reported for the three main Asian rivers (Pearl, Red and Mekong rivers), the new data indicate that, in general, hematite-rich sediments are delivered to the southern basin of the South China Sea while the northern basin is fed with magnetite and pyrrhotite-rich sediments. In addition to this general picture, some variability is observed at smaller geographic scales. Indeed, the magnetic assemblages are closely related to the geology of the various catchments while clay minerals, previously reported for the same samples, are more representative of the climatic conditions under which the parent rocks have evolved within each catchment. The magnetic fraction, now well characterized in the main river sediments drained into the South China Sea, can be used as a tracer for changes in precipitation on land and in oceanic water mass transport and exchange.
Published: 2017
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77. Growth and characterization of yttrium iron garnet films on Si substrates by Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) technique

Author: Xiaodong Tang, Genshui Wang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Xin Guo, Jun Ge, Denis Remiens, Xianlin Dong, Freddy Ponchel, Ying Chen, State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure [Shanghai Institute of Ceramics], Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, East China Normal University [Shangaï] (ECNU), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - Département Opto-Acousto-Électronique - UMR 8520 (IEMN-DOAE), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Matériaux et Acoustiques pour MIcro et NAno systèmes intégrés - IEMN (MAMINA - IEMN), and Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN)
Subjects: Materials science, Silicon, Yttrium iron garnet, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, "Chemical Solution Deposition", 01 natural sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Laser linewidth, chemistry.chemical_compound, Magnetization, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Surface roughness, "Magnetic performance", [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], 010302 applied physics, "Si substrates", Mechanical Engineering, Metals and Alloys, Coercivity, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Ferromagnetic resonance, "YIG films", chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Nanometre, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: JIF=3.133; International audience; Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) films were prepared on Si substrates by Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) technique using acetic acid and deionized water as solvents. Well-crystallized and crack-free YIG films were obtained when annealed at 750 oC and 850 oC respectively, showing a low surface roughness of several nanometers. When annealed at 750 oC for 30 mins, the saturated magnetization (Ms) and coercive field (Hc) of YIG films were 0.121 emu/mm3 (4πMs = 1.52 kGs) and 7 Oe respectively, which were similar to that prepared by PLD technique. The peak-to-peak linewidth of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) was 220 Oe at 9.10 GHz. The results demonstrated that CSD was an excellent technique to prepare high quality yttrium iron garnet (YIG) films on silicon, which could provide a lower -cost way for large-scale production on Si-based integrated devices.
Published: 2016
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78. Water Determines the Structure and Dynamics of Proteins

Author: Fabio Sterpone, Martina Havenith, David van der Spoel, Richard H. Henchman, Yao Xu, Marie-Claire Bellissent-Funel, Peter Pohl, Ali Hassanali, Angel E. Garcia, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR 1929), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de biochimie théorique [Paris] (LBT (UPR_9080)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de biologie physico-chimique (IBPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research [China], Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de biologie physico-chimique (IBPC (FR_550)), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)
Subjects: Protein Denaturation, Hydrostatic pressure, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Ion Channels, Phase Transition, Article, Hydrostatic Pressure, Molecule, Hydrophobic collapse, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Terahertz Spectroscopy, chemistry.chemical_classification, Aqueous solution, Molecular Structure, Hydrogen bond, Chemistry, Biomolecule, Temperature, Proteins, Water, Hydrogen Bonding, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, [SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, Folding (chemistry), Biophysics, Muramidase, 0210 nano-technology, Function (biology)
Abstract: Water is an essential participant in the stability, structure, dynamics, and function of proteins and other biomolecules. Thermodynamically, changes in the aqueous environment affect the stability of biomolecules. Structurally, water participates chemically in the catalytic function of proteins and nucleic acids and physically in the collapse of the protein chain during folding through hydrophobic collapse and mediates binding through the hydrogen bond in complex formation. Water is a partner that slaves the dynamics of proteins, and water interaction with proteins affect their dynamics. Here we provide a review of the experimental and computational advances over the past decade in understanding the role of water in the dynamics, structure, and function of proteins. We focus on the combination of X-ray and neutron crystallography, NMR, terahertz spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, thermodynamics, and computer simulations to reveal how water assist proteins in their function. The recent advances in computer simulations and the enhanced sensitivity of experimental tools promise major advances in the understanding of protein dynamics, and water surely will be a protagonist.
Published: 2016
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79. Generation and characterization of novel DNA aptamers against coat protein of grouper nervous necrosis virus (GNNV) with antiviral activities and delivery potential in grouper cells

Author: Pengfei Li, Qiwei Qin, Min Yang, Shina Wei, Yepin Yu, Youhua Huang, Lingli Zhou, Jingguang Wei, IRCELYON-Approches thermodynamiques, analytiques et réactionnelles intégrées (ATARI), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Beijing] (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Ningbo University of Technology (NBUT), and Zhejiang University
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Viral protein, Aptamer, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Antiviral Agents, Virus, Cell Line, Fish Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, RNA Virus Infections, Virology, medicine, Animals, Nodaviridae, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Pharmacology, Fishes, Virion, Aptamers, Nucleotide, biology.organism_classification, Molecular biology, In vitro, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Targeted drug delivery, Nucleic acid, Capsid Proteins, Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment
Abstract: Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) infected larvae and juveniles of more than 50 fish species, resulting in mortality rates of greater than 95%. However, there is no efficient method to control NNV infections. Aptamers generated by selective evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) are short, single-stranded nucleic acid oligomers. They display a high degree of affinity and specificity for many targets, such as viruses and viral proteins. In this study, three novel DNA aptamers (A5, A10, and B11) that specifically target the coat protein (CP) of grouper nervous necrosis virus (GNNV) were selected using SELEX. Secondary structures and minimum free energy (ΔG) predictions indicated that these aptamers could form stable, secondary stem-loop structures. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, Kd measurements, the co-localization of tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA) labeled-aptamers with the CP and flow cytometry analysis revealed that these aptamers could specifically bind the CP with high (nanomolar) affinities. In addition, competition analysis suggested the aptamers shared some common CP binding sites with the anti-CP antibody. Moreover, all three aptamers did not show any cytotoxic effects in vitro or in vivo, and anti-viral analysis indicated the selected aptamers could inhibit NNV infection in vitro and in vivo. Compared with controls, mortality of GNNV-infected fish decreased by 40% and 80% after 10 days infection, when the GNNV was pre-incubated with the 1000 nM A10 and B11, respectively. TAMRA-labeled aptamers could bind to NNV virions and directly enter NNV-infected cells, suggesting they could be used as tracers to study the mechanism of viral infection, as well as for targeted therapy. This is the first time that aptamers targeting a viral protein of marine fish have been generated and characterized. These aptamers hold promise as diagnostic, therapeutic, and targeted drug delivery agents for controlling NNV infections.
Published: 2016
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80. The early Cretaceous orogen-scale Dabieshan metamorphic core complex: implications for extensional collapse of the Triassic HP–UHP orogenic belt in east-central China

Author: Michel Faure, Wei Lin, Qingchen Wang, Yonghong Shi, Wenbin Ji, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKL), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Géodynamique - UMR7327, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Department of Geology, School of Resource and Environment Engineering, and University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Metamorphic rock, Doming, Geochemistry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Anatexis, 01 natural sciences, HP–UHP orogenic belt, Extensional collapse, Dabieshan, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Metamorphic core complex, Massif, Crustal anatexis, Cretaceous, Multiple detachments, Craton, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Shear zone, Geology, Seismology
Abstract: International audience; The Dabieshan massif is famous as a portion of the world’s largest HP–UHP metamorphic belt in east-central China that was built by the Triassic North–South China collision. The central domain of the Dabieshan massif is occupied by a huge migmatite-cored dome [i.e., the central Dabieshan dome (CDD)]. Origin of this domal structure remains controversial. Synthesizing previous and our new structural and geochronological data, we define the Cretaceous Dabieshan as an orogen-scale metamorphic core complex (MCC) with a multistage history. Onset of lithospheric extension in the Dabieshan area occurred as early as the commencement of crustal anatexis at the earliest Cretaceous (ca. 145 Ma), which was followed by primary (early-stage) detachment during 142–130 Ma. The central Dabieshan complex in the footwall and surrounding detachment faults recorded a consistently top-to-the-NW shearing. It is thus inferred that the primary detachment was initiated from a flat-lying detachment zone at the middle crust level. Removal of the orogenic root by delamination at ca. 130 Ma came into the extensional climax, and subsequently isostatic rebound resulted in rapid doming. Along with exhumation of the footwall, the mid-crustal detachment zone had been warped as shear zones around the CDD. After 120 Ma, the detachment system probably experienced a migration accommodated to the crustal adjustment, which led to secondary (late-stage) detachment with localized ductile shearing at ca. 110 Ma. The migmatite–gneiss with HP/UHP relicts in the CDD (i.e., the central Dabieshan complex) was product of the Cretaceous crustal anatexis that consumed the deep-seated part of the HP–UHP slices and the underlying para-autochthonous basement. Compared with the contemporaneous MCCs widely developed along the eastern margin of the Eurasian continent, we proposed that occurrence of the Dabieshan MCC shares the same tectonic setting as the “destruction of the North China craton”. However, geodynamic trigger of the Cretaceous continental-scale NW–SE extension in eastern Asia is still a mystery.
Published: 2016
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81. Geometry of meandering and braided gravel-bed threads from the Bayanbulak Grassland, Tianshan, P. R. China

Author: Olivier Devauchelle, Hugo Chauvet, Eric Lajeunesse, François Métivier, Patrick Meunier, Zhibao Dong, Zhi Zhang, Youcun Liu, B. Ye, Yuting Fan, Peter Ashmore, Koen Jacques Ferdinand Blanckaert, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Department of Geography [London, Ontario], University of Western Ontario (UWO), Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), The States Key laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS)-Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, and Tianjin Normal University
Subjects: Hydrology, Scaling law, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, lcsh:Dynamic and structural geology, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], P r china, Sedimentary basin, 01 natural sciences, Grassland, Physics::Geophysics, Geophysics, lcsh:QE500-639.5, Homogeneous, 0103 physical sciences, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, 010306 general physics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Bed load, Dimensionless quantity
Abstract: The Bayanbulak Grassland, Tianshan, P. R. China, is located in an intramontane sedimentary basin where meandering and braided gravel-bed rivers coexist under the same climatic and geological settings. We report and compare measurements of the discharge, width, depth, slope and grain size of individual threads from these braided and meandering rivers. Both types of threads share statistically indistinguishable regime relations. Their depths and slopes compare well with the threshold theory, but they are wider than predicted by this theory. These findings are reminiscent of previous observations from similar gravel-bed rivers. Using the scaling laws of the threshold theory, we detrend our data with respect to discharge to produce a homogeneous statistical ensemble of width, depth and slope measurements. The statistical distributions of these dimensionless quantities are similar for braided and meandering threads. This suggests that a braided river is a collection of intertwined threads, which individually resemble those of meandering rivers. Given the environmental conditions in Bayanbulak, we furthermore hypothesize that bedload transport causes the threads to be wider than predicted by the threshold theory.
Published: 2016
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82. An early extensional event of the South China Block during the Late Mesozoic recorded by the emplacement of the Late Jurassic syntectonic Hengshan Composite Granitic Massif (Hunan, SE China)

Author: Wei Wei, Guillaume Martelet, Qingchen Wang, Michel Faure, Quanlin Hou, Wei Lin, Yan Chen, Quanren Yan, Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Géodynamique - UMR7327, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKL), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), and NSFC (41225009), the grant of Ministry of Land and Resources (201211024-04), NSFC (41502215), NSFC (41472193) and Grant No. 2011ZX05008-001.
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pluton, Geochemistry, Fault (geology), Hengshan composite granitic massif, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, South China Block, Lineation, Extensional tectonics, Mesozoic, syntectonic pluton, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Massif, Cretaceous, Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS), Mesozoic extensional tectonics, gravity modeling, Geophysics, Shear (geology), [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Seismology, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Continental scaled extension is the major Late Mesozoic (Jurassic and Cretaceous) tectonic event in East Asia, characterized by faulting, magmatic intrusions and half-grabens in an area with a length of > 5000 km and a width of > 1000 km. Numerous studies have been conducted on this topic in the South China Block (SCB), However, the space and time ranges of the compressional or extensional regimes of the SCB during the Jurassic are still unclear, partly due to the lack of structural data. The emplacement fabrics of granitic plutons can help determine the regional tectonic background. In this study, a multidisciplinary approach, including Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS), macro and micro structural analyses, quartz c-axis preferred orientation, gravity modeling and monazite EPMA dating, was conducted on the Hengshan composite granitic massif in SCB that consists of the Triassic Nanyue biotite granitic pluton and the Late Jurassic Baishifeng two-mica granitic pluton. The magnetic fabrics are characterized by a consistent NW-SE oriented lineation and weakly inclined foliation. A dominant high temperature deformation with a top-to-the-NW shear sense is identified for both plutons. The deformation increasing from the center of the Baishifeng pluton to its western border is associated to the development of the West Hengshan Boundary Fault (WHBF). The gravity modeling shows a “saw tooth-shaped” NE–SW oriented structure of the Baishifeng pluton, which may be considered as NE–SW oriented tension-gashes formed due to the NW-SE extension. All results show that the Triassic Nanyue pluton was deformed under post-solidus conditions by the WHBF coeval with the emplacement of the Late Jurassic Baishifeng pluton. All these observations comply with the NW-SE extensional tectonics coeval with the emplacement of the Baishifeng pluton, which argues that the NW-SE crustal stretching started since the Late Jurassic, at least in this part of the SCB.
Published: 2016
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83. The International Pulsar Timing Array: First data release

Author: Lucas Guillemot, Sourav Chatterjee, N. Garver-Daniels, D. R. Madison, Scott M. Ransom, J. K. Swiggum, Daniel R. Stinebring, Delphine Perrodin, Ingrid H. Stairs, Alberto Vecchio, Timothy Dolch, X. Siemens, Gregory Desvignes, Antoine Petiteau, Gilles Theureau, W. van Straten, J. B. Wang, X. P. You, Jason W. T. Hessels, Renée Spiewak, R. N. Caballero, Alberto Sesana, Stefan Oslowski, R. S. Lynch, Xing-Jiang Zhu, C. G. Bassa, Emmanuel Fonseca, Daniel J. Reardon, Yue-Fei Wang, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Benjamin Stappers, Kejia Lee, Stanislav Babak, Benetge Perera, Pablo Rosado, Zaven Arzoumanian, Richard N. Manchester, Paul Demorest, A. Brazier, Jonathan R. Gair, R. van Haasteren, Nipuni Palliyaguru, Lina Levin, R. Smits, Joseph Simon, P. Brem, Michele Vallisneri, Michael Kramer, James M. Cordes, Andrew Lyne, L. Lentati, Weiwei Zhu, Matthew Kerr, Peter A. Gentile, Michael Keith, A. Possenti, D. J. Champion, Caterina Tiburzi, T. J. W. Lazio, N. D. R. Bhat, A. Lassus, Stephen Taylor, Linqing Wen, Ryan Shannon, Glenn Jones, Shi Dai, E. Graikou, Gemma H. Janssen, S. J. Chamberlin, Kevin Stovall, Kang Liu, P. Lazarus, Ramesh Karuppusamy, S. A. Sanidas, Ismaël Cognard, George Hobbs, Robert D. Ferdman, Timothy T. Pennucci, M. Burgay, Sean T. McWilliams, David J. Nice, B. Christy, G. Shaifullah, L. Toomey, Justin A. Ellis, J. W. McKee, Maura McLaughlin, Paul D. Lasky, Michael T. Lam, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Joris P. W. Verbiest, Marjorie Gonzalez, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Verbiest, J, Lentati, L, Hobbs, G, van Haasteren, R, Demorest, P, Janssen, G, Wang, J, Desvignes, G, Caballero, R, Keith, M, Champion, D, Arzoumanian, Z, Babak, S, Bassa, C, Bhat, N, Brazier, A, Brem, P, Burgay, M, Burke-Spolaor, S, Chamberlin, S, Chatterjee, S, Christy, B, Cognard, I, Cordes, J, Dai, S, Dolch, T, Ellis, J, Ferdman, R, Fonseca, E, Gair, J, Garver-Daniels, N, Gentile, P, Gonzalez, M, Graikou, E, Guillemot, L, Hessels, J, Jones, G, Karuppusamy, R, Kerr, M, Kramer, M, Lam, M, Lasky, P, Lassus, A, Lazarus, P, Lazio, T, Lee, K, Levin, L, Liu, K, Lynch, R, Lyne, A, Mckee, J, Mclaughlin, M, Mcwilliams, S, Madison, D, Manchester, R, Mingarelli, C, Nice, D, Osłowski, S, Palliyaguru, N, Pennucci, T, Perera, B, Perrodin, D, Possenti, A, Petiteau, A, Ransom, S, Reardon, D, Rosado, P, Sanidas, S, Sesana, A, Shaifullah, G, Shannon, R, Siemens, X, Simon, J, Smits, R, Spiewak, R, Stairs, I, Stappers, B, Stinebring, D, Stovall, K, Swiggum, J, Taylor, S, Theureau, G, Tiburzi, C, Toomey, L, Vallisneri, M, van Straten, W, Vecchio, A, Wang, Y, Wen, L, You, X, Zhu, W, Zhu, X, Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), National Radio Astronomy Observatory [Socorro] (NRAO), National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester [Manchester], NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science (CCAPS), Cornell University [New York], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari (OAC), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Center for Radiophysics and Space Research [Ithaca] (CRSR), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Department of Astronomy [Ithaca], Department of Physics, Hillsdale College, University of British Columbia (UBC), University of Edinburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, West Virginia University [Morgantown], Vancouver Coastal Health, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Physics, Columbia University, Columbia University [New York], Monash Centre for Astrophysics (MoCA), Monash University [Clayton], Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics [Beijing] (KIAA-PKU), Peking University [Beijing], National Radio Astronomy Observatory [Green Bank] (NRAO), Theoretical Astrophysics [Pasadena] (TAPIR), Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Physics Department, Lafayette College, Lafayette College [Easton], Physics Department, Texas Tech University, Texas Tech University [Lubbock] (TTU), Department of Astronomy [Charlottesville], University of Virginia [Charlottesville], APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing [Swinburne] (CAS), Swinburne University of Technology [Melbourne], Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy ( ASTRON ), Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Oberlin], Oberlin College, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Albuquerque], The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], Birmingham City University (BCU), School of Physics [HUST], Huazhong University of Science and Technology [Wuhan] (HUST), School of Physics (University of Western Australia), Université, School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University [Chongqing], European Project: 337062,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-StG,DRAGNET(2014), Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Cavendish Laboratory - University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge [UK] ( CAM ), CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, PO BOX 76, NSW 1710, Australia, Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), National Radio Astronomy Observatory [Socorro] ( NRAO ), National Radio Astronomy Observatory ( NRAO ), Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] ( CAS ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), Albert Einstein Institute, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Curtin University, Perth, Australia, Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science ( CCAPS ), Cornell University, MPI for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), INAF-Osservatorio di Cagliari, PennState University [Pennsylvania] ( PSU ), Center for Radiophysics and Space Research [Ithaca] ( CRSR ), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace ( LPC2E ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay ( USN ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of British Columbia ( UBC ), University of Edimburgh, Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, National Radio Astronomy Observatory [Green Bank] ( NRAO ), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] ( CSIRO ), TAPIR (Theoretical Astrophysics), California Institute of Technology, Texas Tech University [Lubbock] ( TTU ), Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, APC - Gravitation ( APC-Gravitation ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Max-Planck-Institut-Max-Planck-Institut, Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing [Swinburne] ( CAS ), Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Max Planck Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Albert Einstein Institut, Physics and Astronomy Department [Oberlin], Center for Gravitational Wave Astronomy, The University of Texas at Brownsville and Texas Southmost College, Birmingham City University ( BCU ), School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Physics ( University of Western Australia ), European Project : 337062,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-StG,DRAGNET ( 2014 ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of Virginia, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI)
Subjects: data analysis, data analysis, pulsars: general [methods], FOS: Physical sciences, Methods: Data analysi, general [pulsars], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Set (abstract data type), Pulsar timing array, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, data analysis [methods], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, instrumentation, Physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Pulsars: General, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, methods: data analysis, Data set, European Pulsar Timing Array, Neutron star, gravitational waves, Space and Planetary Science, pulsars, Measurement uncertainty, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [ SDU.ASTR.SR ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Algorithm, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: The highly stable spin of neutron stars can be exploited for a variety of (astro-)physical investigations. In particular arrays of pulsars with rotational periods of the order of milliseconds can be used to detect correlated signals such as those caused by gravitational waves. Three such "Pulsar Timing Arrays" (PTAs) have been set up around the world over the past decades and collectively form the "International" PTA (IPTA). In this paper, we describe the first joint analysis of the data from the three regional PTAs, i.e. of the first IPTA data set. We describe the available PTA data, the approach presently followed for its combination and suggest improvements for future PTA research. Particular attention is paid to subtle details (such as underestimation of measurement uncertainty and long-period noise) that have often been ignored but which become important in this unprecedentedly large and inhomogeneous data set. We identify and describe in detail several factors that complicate IPTA research and provide recommendations for future pulsar timing efforts. The first IPTA data release presented here (and available online) is used to demonstrate the IPTA's potential of improving upon gravitational-wave limits placed by individual PTAs by a factor of ~2 and provides a 2-sigma limit on the dimensionless amplitude of a stochastic GWB of 1.7x10^{-15} at a frequency of 1 yr^{-1}. This is 1.7 times less constraining than the limit placed by (Shannon et al. 2015), due mostly to the more recent, high-quality data they used., 25 pages, 6 tables, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2016
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84. Late Triassic extensional tectonics in the northern North China Craton, insights from a multidisciplinary study of the Wangtufang pluton

Author: Lingtong Meng, Michel Faure, Wei Lin, Yin Wang, Yan Chen, Qiu-Li Li, Huabiao Qiu, Zhiheng Ren, Jipei Zeng, State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKL), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Géodynamique - UMR7327, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, geography, early Mesozoic magmatism, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pluton, Geochemistry, Geology, Crust, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Wangtufang pluton multidisciplinary study, North China Craton, Diorite, Lineation, Craton, Extensional tectonics, Syenogranite, Late Triassic extensional tectonics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Zircon
Abstract: International audience; To better understand Late Triassic tectonic setting in the northern North China Craton (NCC), the emplacement mechanism of the Wangtufang pluton, which recorded the synmagmatic regional tectonic signature, has been investigated. Zircon U-Pb ages, and Hf isotopic data, and whole-rock geochemical analyses suggest that the Late Triassic Wangtufang pluton composed of syenogranite and diorite is derived from partial melting of lower crust with some depleted mantle components. Both the syenogranite and diorite appear isotropic. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and gravity studies have been carried out to characterize internal fabrics and shape of the pluton. The diorite forms just thin remnants above the syenogranite. The syenogranite with a series of NW-SE trending dykes intruded into the diorite and its country rocks. In the syenogranite, the gently dipping magnetic foliations strike nearly parallel to the pluton border. The shallow plunging magnetic lineations mainly strike NE–SW. Combining NE-SW trending elongated subsurface shape with central root, unflat bottom, and moderate- to high- inward dipping sidewalls, the syenogranite could be considered as a lopolith-like intrusion. The syenogranite was likely emplaced by inflation of magma pulses from its central conduit and built up by floor depression. Emplacement of the syenogranite was in an extensional setting, considering: (1) the NE–SW striking magnetic lineation, (2) the NE–SW trending elongated subsurface pluton shape, and (3) the orthogonal NW–SE striking syenogranitic dykes considered as tension gashes during the NE–SW trending extension. The Wangtufang pluton provides reliable arguments to the Late Triassic intracontinental extensional setting already suggested in the northern NCC.
Published: 2020
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85. VvWRKY8 represses stilbene synthase genes through direct interaction with VvMYB14 to control resveratrol biosynthesis in grapevine

Author: Barunava Patra, Zhanwu Dai, Lijun Wang, Jinzhu Jiang, Huifen Xi, Yongzan Wei, Ling Yuan, Xianju Liu, Fatma Lecourieux, Shaohua Li, Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (EGFV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology/CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, Institute of Botany [Beijing] (IB-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (UMR EGFV), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, Context (language use), Plant Science, Stilbenoid, Resveratrol, resveratrol, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biosynthesis, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, protein interaction, VvMYB14, Gene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Regulation of gene expression, Chemistry, Promoter, Cell biology, grapevine, VvWRKY8, [SDV.BV.AP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, 030104 developmental biology, Fine-tuning, DNA, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Resveratrol (Res) is a stilbenoid, a group of plant phenolic metabolites derived from stilbene that possess activities against pests, pathogens, and abiotic stresses. Only a few species, including grapevine (Vitis), synthesize and accumulate Res. Although stilbene synthases (STSs) have been isolated and characterized in several species, the gene regulatory mechanisms underlying stilbene biosynthesis are still largely unknown. Here, we characterize a grapevine WRKY transcription factor, VvWRKY8, that regulates the Res biosynthetic pathway. Transient and stable overexpression of VvWRKY8 in grapevine results in decreased expression of VvSTS15/21 and VvMYB14, as well as in a reduction of Res accumulation. VvWRKY8 does not bind to or activate the promoters of VvMYB14 and VvSTS15/21; however, it physically interacts with VvMYB14 proteins through their N-terminal domains to prevent them from binding to the VvSTS15/21 promoter. Application of exogenous Res results in the stimulation of VvWRKY8 expression and in a decrease of VvMYB14 and VvSTS15/21 expression in grapevine suspension cells, and in the activation of the VvWRKY8 promoter in tobacco leaves. These results demonstrate that VvWRKY8 represses VvSTS15/21 expression and Res biosynthesis through interaction with VvMYB14. In this context, the VvMYB14-VvSTS15/21-Res-VvWRKY8 regulatory loop may be an important mechanism for the fine-tuning of Res biosynthesis in grapevine.
Published: 2019
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86. Pantropical climate interactions

Author: Marta Martín-Rey, Benjamin Ng, Yun Yang, Bolan Gan, Xiaopei Lin, Malte F. Stuecker, Guojian Wang, Jing-Jia Luo, Yan Du, Dietmar Dommenget, Noel Keenlyside, Wenju Cai, Fan Jia, Yoo-Geun Ham, Sarah M. Kang, Jeong-Hwan Kim, Agus Santoso, Ping Chang, Jun-Young Choi, Jules B. Kajtar, Tim Li, Jin-Yi Yu, Sun-Young Kim, Matthieu Lengaigne, Xichen Li, Geon-Il Kim, Shayne McGregor, Jong-Seong Kug, Michael J. McPhaden, Yoshimitsu Chikamoto, Lixin Wu, Chang Eun Kim, Shang-Ping Xie, Yohan Ruprich-Robert, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Climate Change Research Centre, ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, University of New South Wales, Level 4 Matthews Bldg., Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia, Department of Plants, Soils and Climate, Utah State University (USU), NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory [Seattle] (PMEL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, Monash University [Clayton], University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves, CAS Institute of Oceanology (IOCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences [Exeter] (EMPS), University of Exeter, Nansen-Tutu Center for Marine Environmental Research, University of Cape Town, Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster [Nanjing University] (KLME - NUIST), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), CSIC Instituto de Ciencias del Mar, Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Climate, Atmospheric Science and Physical Oceanography Department [La Jolla] (CASPO), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), University of Regina, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), ANR-15-JCLI-0004,GOTHAM,Globally Observed Teleconnections and their role and representation in Hierarchies of Atmospheric Models(2015), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)
Subjects: Tropical interconnections, Desenvolupament humà i sostenible::Degradació ambiental [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Atmospheric circulation, Surface warming, Pantropical, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Forcing (mathematics), Tropical Atlantic, Hiatus, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, El Niño Current, 01 natural sciences, Tropical climate, 14. Life underwater, Ocean-atmosphere interaction, Climate variability, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Atmospheric bridge, Climatology, Multidisciplinary, Climatic changes, Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), El Niño Southern Oscillation, Tropics -- Clima Meteorología, 13. Climate action, Climatologia, Environmental science, pantropic, Canvis climàtics
Abstract: 12 pages, 5 figures, 1 box, The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which originates in the Pacific, is the strongest and most well-known mode of tropical climate variability. Its reach is global, and it can force climate variations of the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans by perturbing the global atmospheric circulation. Less appreciated is how the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans affect the Pacific. Especially noteworthy is the multidecadal Atlantic warming that began in the late 1990s, because recent research suggests that it has influenced Indo-Pacific climate, the character of the ENSO cycle, and the hiatus in global surface warming. Discovery of these pantropical interactions provides a pathway forward for improving predictions of climate variability in the current climate and for refining projections of future climate under different anthropogenic forcing scenarios, W.C. is supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFA0605700). L.W., Xia.L., and B.G. are supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) projects (41490643, 41490640, U1606402, and 41521091). W.C., G.W., B.N., and A.S. are supported by CSHOR and the Earth System and Climate Change Hub of the Australian Government’s National Environment Science Program. CSHOR is a joint research Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research between QNLM and CSIRO. M.L. is supported by the GOTHAM Belmont project (ANR-15-JCLI-0004-01) and the ARiSE ANR project. T.L. is supported by NSFC 41630423 and NSF AGS-1565653 grants. S.M. is supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) through grant number FT160100162. J.-S.K. was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (NRF-2018R1A5A1024958). J.-Y.Y. is supported by NSF AGS-1505145 and AGS-1833075 grants. M.F.S is supported by the Institute for Basic Science (project code IBS-R028-D1). Y.-G.H. is funded by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program under grant KMI2018-03214. M.J.M is supported by NOAA and PMEL contribution number 4838. Y.D. is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41525019, 41830538, and 41521005) and the State Oceanic Administration of China (GASI-IPOVAI-02). D.D. is supported by ARC grant number CE170100023. M.M.-R. has been supported by the MORDICUS grant under contract ANR-13-762 SENV-0002-01 and CGL2017-86415-R. Y.R.-R. is supported by an 800154-INADEC individual MSCA-IF-EF-ST grant. S.-P.X. is supported by the NSF. J.B.K. was supported by the National Environment Research Council (NE/N005783/1)
Published: 2019
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87. Comparison of spin photocurrent in devices based on in-plane or out-of-plane magnetized CoFeB spin detectors

Author: Wei Huang, Yonghai Chen, Yang Zhang, Xiaolin Zeng, Weifeng Zhang, Xiaodi Xue, Bo Xu, Laipan Zhu, Yu Liu, Yuan Lu, Jing Wu, Xavier Marie, Pierre Renucci, Zhanguo Wang, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences (KLSMS), Institute of semiconductors [Chinese Academy of Sciences - Beijing] (IOS), Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials Science,School of Physics & Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Science and Technology on Monolithic Integrated Circuits and Modules Laboratory, Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute, Nanjing 210016, China, Laboratoire de physique et chimie des nano-objets (LPCNO), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science (LSMS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Henan University, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-17-EURE-0009,NanoX,Science et Ingénierie à l'Echelle Nano(2017)
Subjects: Photocurrent, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter::Other, 02 engineering and technology, Electron, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic field, Magnetization, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Remanence, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Quantum well, Circular polarization, Spin-½
Abstract: International audience; We have measured a helicity-dependent photocurrent at zero external magnetic field in a device based on a semiconductor quantum well embedded in a p-in junction. The device is excited under vertical incidence with circularly polarized light. The spin filtering effect is evidenced in the temperature range 77-300 K owing to a CoFeB/MgO spin filter with out-of-plane magnetization in remanence. The helicity-dependent photocurrent is explored as a function of the temperature and bias. These characteristics are compared with those of a spin photocurrent device with in-plane magnetized CoFeB/MgO spin filter, excited under oblique incidence with circularly polarized light. In contrast to the in-plane spin filter device, the circularly polarized light asymmetry of the photocurrent in the out-of-plane device depends weakly on the external bias. The two devices are sensitive to the spin filtering of either the in-plane (S x) or out-of-plane (S z) photogenerated electron spin in the semiconductor quantum well. The helicity-dependent photocurrent results can be explained by the Dyakonov-Perel electron spin-relaxation mechanism. Our study reveals the giant spin relaxation anisotropy in III-V zinc-blende quantum wells in the presence of a vertical electric field.
Published: 2019
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88. Pre-Variscan tectonic setting of the south margin of Armorica: Insights from detrital zircon ages distribution and Hf isotopic composition of the St-Georges-sur-Loire Unit (S. Armorican Massif, France)

Author: Wei Lin, Xian-Hua Li, Michel Faure, Wenbin Ji, State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKL), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Géodynamique - UMR7327, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Northwest University [Xi'an]
Subjects: [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Paleozoic, Cadomian Orogeny, Geochemistry, Olistostrome, Orogeny, Massif, U-Pb-Hf of detrital zircons, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Armorica microcontinent, Gondwana, Geophysics, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Provenance, Ordovician, Cadomian belt, Variscan belt, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Zircon
Abstract: International audience; The Armorican Massif experienced a poly-orogenic evolution, represented by the Neoproterozoic Cadomian and the Devonian-Carboniferous Variscan tectonothermal events. In the southernmost part of the Armorican Domain (or Armorica microcontinent), the St-Georges-sur-Loire Unit consists of a block-in-matrix subunit, and a turbiditic subunit in the South and North, respectively. The St-Georges-sur Loire unit is interpreted as a remnant back-arc basin formed in Silurian-Early Devonian (ca. 440–400 Ma), and was deformed during the Variscan orogeny. Most of the sedimentary and magmatic blocks enclosed in clastic matrix are olistoliths derived from an assumed southern area called the “missing domain”, presently exposed as the Variscan Mauges Nappe composed of the Cadomian rocks and Early Paleozoic sedimentary cover. The “missing domain” was subducted beneath the Armorican massif during the Variscan collision. Detrital zircon age spectra from sandstones and siltstones from the olistostrome matrix reveal Neoproterozoic and Early Paleozoic age clusters, and less abundant Paleoproterozoic and Archean ages. Hf isotopic compositions of detrital zircons indicate dominantly negative εHf (t) values which are in agreement with a recycled continental source. Minor positive values correspond to a juvenile component that was formed during the Neoproterozoic Cadomian orogeny or Archean-Paleoproterozoic events. The Cambrian and Early Ordovician ages can be related to the pre-Variscan rifting of the Pannotia megacontinent that separated the Armorica microcontinent from Gondwana. Neoproterozoic ages imply a source of the magmatic rocks exposed in the Cadomian belt of the northern part of the Armorica microcontinent, and in the Mauges Nappe.
Published: 2019
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89. Towards understanding the suppressed ENSO activity during mid-Holocene in PMIP2 and PMIP3 simulations

Author: Pascale Braconnot, Lin Chen, Weipeng Zheng, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Beijing] (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)
Subjects: Physics, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, BJ index, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Orbital forcing, Oscillation, Anomaly (natural sciences), Wind stress, ENSO amplitude change in mid-Holocene, Meridional structure change, Zonal and meridional, Air-sea feedback, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Projection (relational algebra), 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Climatology, Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project, Thermocline, Ocean dynamical processes, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The mechanisms of El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability change during the mid-Holocene (MH) were investigated through analyzing the model simulations from the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project Phases (PMIP) phase-2 and phase-3. The majority of PMIP2 and PMIP3 model simulations show a lower level of ENSO activity in the MH simulation compared to the pre-industrial (PI) simulation, which is qualitatively consistent with that inferred from the paleoclimate proxies. Through employing the Bjerknes stability index, we quantified the dynamic and thermodynamic air-sea feedbacks in the PI and MH simulations. The quantitative analyses showed that the reduced ENSO variability in MH arose from the weakening in the thermocline (TH), zonal-advection (ZA) and Ekman (EK) feedback terms. We found that all the weakened TH, ZA, and EK terms are associated with the reduction in the response of anomalous thermocline depth (Dʹ) to the zonal wind stress anomaly ( $${\tau ^{\prime}_x}^{{}}$$ ) in MH compared to PI. The reduced Dʹ response is attributed to the flattened meridional structure of ENSO-related $${\tau ^{\prime}_x}^{{}}$$ field in MH, which is linked to the enhanced surface poleward mean meridional current in MH. Among many aspects of the mean state changes under the MH orbital forcing, this study identified that the surface mean meridional current change might be a key factor behind the suppressed ENSO variability in MH. Lastly, through comparing our findings with the ENSO future projection studies, we found that the wind-thermocline feedback is susceptible in a changing climate, which implies that minimizing the uncertainty in the wind-thermocline feedback change may help constrain future ENSO response.
Published: 2019
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90. Petawatt and exawatt class lasers worldwide

Author: Enam Chowdhury, Liejia Qian, David Hillier, Ryosuke Kodama, Rory R. Penman, Jonathan D. Zuegel, Almantas Galvanauskas, Yoshiaki Kato, Constantin Haefner, Jake Bromage, Joachim Hein, Jean-Christophe Chanteloup, Jorge J. Rocca, Leonida A. Gizzi, Ruxin Li, Sándor Szatmári, Jens Limpert, Ping Zhu, Raoul Trines, Craig W. Siders, Nicholas Hopps, Andrey Shaykin, Jianqiang Zhu, Christopher Spindloe, Yutong Li, Georg Korn, Colin N. Danson, Jingui Ma, Chang Hee Nam, Efim A. Khazanov, David Neely, Thomas Butcher, Dimitrios Papadopoulos, Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Center for Relativistic Laser Science, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Central Laser Facility (CLF), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Clarendon Laboratory [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Center for Ultrafast Optical Sciences (CUOS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institute of optics and quantum electronics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Institute of Applied Physics of RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0971, Japan, affiliation inconnue, Institute of Physics, ELI Beamlines, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics (SIOM), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering [Jena] (Fraunhofer IOF), Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft), School of Physics and Astronomy and SJTU-ParisTech Elite, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), University of Szeged [Szeged], Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics (SIOM), Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), University of Oxford, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), ELI Beamlines, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences (FZU / CAS), and Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)
Subjects: Chirped pulse amplification, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, exawatt lasers, ultra-high intensity, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Class (computer programming), High power lasers, business.industry, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, petawatt lasers, ddc:620, Telecommunications, business, high-power lasers
Abstract: High power laser science and engineering 7, e54 (2019). doi:10.1017/hpl.2019.36, Published by Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge
Published: 2019
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91. Contribution of trimethylamine N-oxide on the growth and pressure tolerance of deep-sea bacteria

Author: Xue-Gong Li, Lihong Zhou, Long-Fei Wu, Qun-Jian Yin, Xiao-Qing Qi, Chan Zhang, Wei-Jia Zhang, Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering [Chinese Academy of Sciences] [Sanya] (IDSSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), International Associated Laboratory of Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms ( LIA-MagMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de chimie bactérienne (LCB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41506147, 91751108), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB06010203), the Key Research and Development Program of Hainan Province (No. ZDYF2016211), the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province (No. 20163151), the Sanya City (No. 2016PT18), and a grant for LIA-MagMC from the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Firmicutes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hydrostatic pressure, pressure tolerance phenotype, Trimethylamine N-oxide, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Marine bacteriophage, 14. Life underwater, Food science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Bacteroidetes, Marinobacter, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), marine bacteria, Proteobacteria, Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), Bacteria
Abstract: International audience; Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is widely dispersed in marine environments and plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen. Diverse marine bacteria utilize TMAO as carbon and nitrogen sources or as electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration. Alteration of respiratory component according to the pressure is a common trait of deep-sea bacteria. Deep-sea bacteria from different genera harbor high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) inducible TMAO reductases that are assumed to be constitutively expressed in the deep-sea piezosphere and facilitating quick reaction to TMAO released from fish which is a potential nutrient for bacterial growth. However, whether deep-sea bacteria universally employ this strategy remains unknown. In this study, 237 bacterial strains affiliated to 23 genera of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were isolated from seawater, sediment or amphipods collected at different depths. The pressure tolerance and the utilization of TMAO were examined in 74 strains. The results demonstrated no apparent correlation between the depth where the bacteria inhabit and their pressure tolerance, regarding to our samples. Several deep-sea strains from the genera of Alteromonas, Halomonas, Marinobacter, Photobacterium, and Vibrio showed capacity of TMAO utilization, but none of the isolated Acinebacter, Bacillus, Brevundimonas, Muricauda, Novosphingobium, Rheinheimera, Sphingobium and Stenotrophomonas did, indicating the utilization of TMAO is a species-specific feature. Furthermore, we noticed that the ability of TMAO utilization varied among strains of the same species. TMAO has greater impact on the growth of deep-sea isolates of Vibrio neocaledonicus than shallow-water isolates. Taken together, the results describe for the first time the TMAO utilization in deep-sea bacterial strains, and expand our understanding of the physiological characteristic of marine bacteria.
Published: 2019
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92. Interfacial Strain Gradients Control Nanoscale Domain Morphology in Epitaxial BiFeO 3 Multiferroic Films

Author: Valanoor Nagarajan, Stéphane Fusil, Manuel Bibes, Brahim Dkhil, Jean Juraszek, Mengjiao Han, J. Fischer, Oliver Paull, C. Carrétéro, Xiuliang Ma, Florian Appert, Vincent Garcia, Agnès Barthélémy, Vivasha Govinden, Yinlian Zhu, Daniel Sando, School of Materials Science and Engineering [Sydney], University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science (SYNL), Institute of Metal Research [Chinese Academy of Sciences] (IMR), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), School of Physics [UNSW Sydney] (UNSW), Groupe de physique des matériaux (GPM), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), THALES [France]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Structures, Propriétés et Modélisation des solides (SPMS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE09-0030,PIAF,Imagerie et manipulation des antiferromagnétiques(2017), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre [Sydney] (UNSW ), THALES-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Diffraction, Materials science, multiferroics, interface effects, strain gradients, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biomaterials, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, chemistry.chemical_compound, domain structure, Scanning transmission electron microscopy, Electrochemistry, Multiferroics, Thin film, Nanoscopic scale, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Bismuth ferrite, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed matter physics, Strain (chemistry), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Ferroelectricity, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, BiFeO3, thin films, chemistry, flexoelectricity, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], strain gradient, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; In ferroelectric thin films, the domain structure defines ferroelectric switching pathways and thus influences device performance. In epitaxial bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) films, fractal-like domains have been observed, but direct evidence of their origins has remained unclear. Here, we show that the nature of the ferroelectric domain structure-i.e. striped vs. fractal-like-in epitaxial BiFeO3 is defined by the strain profile across the film-substrate interface. In samples with fractal-like domains, X-ray diffraction analysis reveals strong strain gradients, while geometric phase analysis using atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy reveals that within a few nanometers of the film-substrate interface, the out of plane strain shows an anomalous dip while the in-plane strain is constant. Electron energy-loss near edge structure at the oxygen K edge shows that in the vicinity of the interface, the oxygen coordination is locally modified; this combined with the anomalous strain behavior thus drives the formation of fractal-like domains. Conversely, if uniform strain is maintained across the interface, characteristic striped domains are formed. Interestingly, conversion from the fractal-like arrangement to striped domains is found possible by an ex-situ thermal treatment step. Critically, the antiferromagnetic state of the BiFeO3 is influenced by the domain structure, whereby the fractal-like domains disrupt the long-range spin cycloid. Finally, as a demonstration of the applicability of this concept, we show that a carefully engineered lower electrode with large strain gradient can be used to induce fractal domains.
Published: 2020
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93. On the in-situ aqueous stability of an Mg-Li-(Al-Y-Zr) alloy: Role of Li

Author: Nick Birbilis, Alina Maltseva, Mohsen Esmaily, Xuejie Li, M. La Haye, Polina Volovitch, Kevin Ogle, Zhuoran Zeng, Peng Zhou, Yuanming Yan, M. Vaudescal, Oumaïma Gharbi, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science (SYNL), Institute of Metal Research [Chinese Academy of Sciences] (IMR), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie dirigée par les modèles pour les Systèmes Embarqués (LISE), Département Ingénierie Logiciels et Systèmes (DILS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Australian National University (ANU), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA))
Subjects: Auger electron spectroscopy, Materials science, Aqueous solution, 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Atomic emission spectroscopy, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Corrosion, Metal, symbols.namesake, visual_art, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, symbols, visual_art.visual_art_medium, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, Chemical stability, 0210 nano-technology, Raman spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract: The aqueous stability of a corrosion resistant Mg-Li(-Al-Y-Zr)-alloy was investigated by combining in-situ confocal Raman Microscopy, Atomic Emission SpectroElectroChemistry, ex-situ Photoluminiscence Spectroscopy, Auger Electron Spectroscopy and Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy. Li and Mg dissolved from visually intact anodic areas, leaving a Li-depleted metallic layer under approximately 100 nm thick Li-doped MgO. The transformation MgO→Mg(OH)2 was inhibited. Li2[Al2(OH)6]2·CO3·nH2O, LiAlO2, Y2O3 and Mg(OH)2 accumulated locally around active cathodic sites. New corrosion mechanism is proposed, which associates the improved corrosion resistance of Mg-Li alloys with an enhanced chemical stability and modified catalytic activity of MgO in presence of Li+.
Published: 2020
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94. Late Carboniferous southward migration of Tarbagatay subduction–accretion complex by slab retreat and break‐off in West Junggar (NW China)

Author: Esen Borbugulov, Karel Schulmann, Shuaihua Song, Yichao Chen, Rui Li, Brian F. Windley, Zhiyong Zhang, Ji'en Zhang, Wenjiao Xiao, Miao Sang, Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonic Evolution, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Department of Geology [Leicester], University of Leicester, Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Shandong University, Procédés, Matériaux et Energie Solaire (PROMES), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKL), Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), and University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Subduction, Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Accretion (finance), Paleontology, Carboniferous, Adakite, Slab, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018
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95. Forced and internal modes of variability of the East Asian summer monsoon

Author: Jian Liu, Bin Wang, Jing Yang, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, International Pacific Research Center (IPRC), School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM)-University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Guest Professor, CPEO, Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Beijing] (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), and EGU, Publication
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stratigraphy, lcsh:Environmental protection, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Subtropics, Forcing (mathematics), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Monsoon, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Environmental pollution, lcsh:TD169-171.8, Precipitation, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, Global and Planetary Change, Intertropical Convergence Zone, Paleontology, Annual cycle, Rainband, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, La Niña, 13. Climate action, Climatology, lcsh:TD172-193.5, [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Environmental science
Abstract: The modern instrumental record (1979–2006) is analyzed in an attempt to reveal the dynamical structure and origins of the major modes of interannual variability of East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and to elucidate their fundamental differences with the major modes of seasonal variability. These differences are instrumental in understanding of the forced (say orbital) and internal (say interannual) modes of variability in EASM. We show that the leading mode of interannual variation, which accounts for about 39% of the total variance, is primarily associated with decaying phases of major El Nino, whereas the second mode, which accounts for 11.3% of the total variance, is associated with the developing phase of El Nino/La Nina. The EASM responds to ENSO in a nonlinear fashion with regard to the developing and decay phases of El Nino. The two modes are determined by El Nino/La Nina forcing and monsoon-warm ocean interaction, or essentially driven by internal feedback processes within the coupled climate system. For this internal mode, the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and subtropical EASM precipitations exhibit an out-of-phase variations; further, the Meiyu in Yangtze River Valley is also out-of-phase with the precipitation in the central North China. In contrast, the slow and fast annual cycles forced by the solar radiation show an in-phase correlation between the ITCZ and subtropical EASM precipitation. Further, the seasonal march of precipitation displays a continental-scale northward advance of a rain band (that tilts in a southwest-northeastward direction) over the entire Indian and East Asian summer monsoon from mid-May toward the end of July. This uniformity in seasonal advance suggests that the position of the northern edge of the summer monsoon or the precipitation over the central North China may be an adequate measure of the monsoon intensity for the forced mode, while the intensity of the internal mode of EASM variability should measured by the intensity of Meiyu. Given the fact that the annual modes share the similar external forcing with orbital variability, the results presented here may help to understand the differences in the EASM variability on the interannual and orbital time scales.
Published: 2018

96. Arctic sea ice simulation in the PlioMIP ensemble

Author: Fergus W. Howell, Nan Rosenbloom, Youichi Kamae, Alan M. Haywood, Wing-Le Chan, Fran Bragg, Camille Contoux, Mark A. Chandler, Christian Stepanek, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, Zhongshi Zhang, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Climate System Research [Kashiwa] (CCSR), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre, Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Beijing] (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Mikolajewicz, U, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and The University of Tokyo
Subjects: Arctic sea ice decline, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, lcsh:Environmental protection, Stratigraphy, model intercomparison project, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Environmental pollution, warm period ocean cover, variability thickness, Paleoclimatology, Sea ice, Cryosphere, lcsh:TD169-171.8, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Paleontology, Arctic ice pack, meridional, Arctic, overturning circulation coupled model experimental-design, Climatology, lcsh:TD172-193.5, mid-pliocene climate, Sea ice thickness, Environmental science, Climate model
Abstract: Eight general circulation models have simulated the mid-Pliocene warm period (mid-Pliocene, 3.264 to 3.025 Ma) as part of the Pliocene Modelling Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP). Here, we analyse and compare their simulation of Arctic sea ice for both the pre-industrial period and the mid-Pliocene. Mid-Pliocene sea ice thickness and extent is reduced, and the model spread of extent is more than twice the pre-industrial spread in some summer months. Half of the PlioMIP models simulate ice-free conditions in the mid-Pliocene. This spread amongst the ensemble is in line with the uncertainties amongst proxy reconstructions for mid-Pliocene sea ice extent. Correlations between mid-Pliocene Arctic temperatures and sea ice extents are almost twice as strong as the equivalent correlations for the pre-industrial simulations. The need for more comprehensive sea ice proxy data is highlighted, in order to better compare model performances.
Published: 2018
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97. Histone variants H2A.Z and H3.3 coordinately regulate PRC2-dependent H3K27me3 deposition and gene expression regulation in mES cells

Author: Baowen Zhuo, Xia Li, Guohong Li, Michel Wassef, Liping Dong, Jicheng Zhao, Juan Yu, Luyuan Chang, Qianfei Wang, Min Wang, Cuifang Liu, Haizhen Long, Ping Chen, Zengqi Wen, Xueqing Xu, Yan Wang, Raphaël Margueron, National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules [Pékin, Chine], CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules [Pékin, Chine], Institute of Biophysics [Pékin, Chine], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Institute of Biophysics [Pékin, Chine], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Génétique et Biologie du Développement, Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital [Shenzhen, Chine], Jinan University [Canton, Chine] (JNU), Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine [Pékin, Chine], Beijing Genomics Institute [Shenzhen] (BGI), This work was supported by grants to GL from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31630041, 31525013 and 31521002), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2017YFA0504200, 2015CB856200), and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Strategic Priority Research Program (XDB19040202), to PC from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471218) and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (2015071), and to XX from the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM201406007). The work was also supported by the CAS Key Research Program on Frontier Science (QYZDY-SSW-SMC020) and HHMI international research scholar grant (55008737) to GL. Work in RM Lab is supported by an ERC-StG grant (REPODDID)., European Project: 281447,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101109,REPODDID(2012), Bodescot, Myriam, and Regulation of Polycomb Complex (PRC2) during development and in diseases - REPODDID - - EC:FP7:ERC2012-02-01 - 2017-01-31 - 281447 - VALID
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, animal structures, Physiology, Plant Science, macromolecular substances, [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Cell Line, Histones, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Structural Biology, Transcription (biology), Gene expression, Animals, Gene silencing, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Gene, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Regulation of gene expression, biology, Polycomb Repressive Complex 2, Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells, Promoter, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Cell Biology, Chromatin, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Biology (General), Gene Expression Regulation, biology.protein, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, PRC2, Developmental Biology, Biotechnology
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND:The hierarchical organization of eukaryotic chromatin plays a central role in gene regulation, by controlling the extent to which the transcription machinery can access DNA. The histone variants H3.3 and H2A.Z have recently been identified as key regulatory players in this process, but the underlying molecular mechanisms by which they permit or restrict gene expression remain unclear. Here, we investigated the regulatory function of H3.3 and H2A.Z on chromatin dynamics and Polycomb-mediated gene silencing.RESULTS:Our ChIP-seq analysis reveals that in mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells, H3K27me3 enrichment correlates strongly with H2A.Z. We further demonstrate that H2A.Z promotes PRC2 activity on H3K27 methylation through facilitating chromatin compaction both in vitro and in mES cells. In contrast, PRC2 activity is counteracted by H3.3 through impairing chromatin compaction. However, a subset of H3.3 may positively regulate PRC2-dependent H3K27 methylation via coordinating depositions of H2A.Z to developmental and signaling genes in mES cells. Using all-trans retinoic acid (tRA)-induced gene as a model, we show that the dynamic deposition of H2A.Z and H3.3 coordinately regulates the PRC2-dependent H3K27 methylation by modulating local chromatin structure at the promoter region during the process of turning genes off.CONCLUSIONS:Our study provides key insights into the mechanism of how histone variants H3.3 and H2A.Z function coordinately to finely tune the PRC2 enzymatic activity during gene silencing, through promoting or impairing chromosome compaction respectively.
Published: 2018
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98. Palaeoclimate constraints on the impact of 2 °c anthropogenic warming and beyond

Author: Martin Ziegler, Johannes Sutter, Thibaut Caley, Katarzyna Marcisz, Giuseppe Cortese, Maria Fernanda Sanchez Goñi, Anne de Vernal, Jacqueline Austermann, Alessio Rovere, Katrin J. Meissner, Carlo Barbante, Basil A. S. Davis, Paul J. Valdes, Anders E. Carlson, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, Samuel L Jaccard, Jesper Sjolte, Eric W. Wolff, Stéphane Affolter, Sarah A. Finkelstein, Willy Tinner, Nerilie J. Abram, Thomas Felis, Zicheng Yu, Kelsey A. Dyez, Heinz Wanner, Christoph Nehrbass-Ahles, Max D. Holloway, Alan C. Mix, Valérie Masson-Delmotte, Qing Yan, Paul Gierz, Bjørg Risebrobakken, Anne-Laure Daniau, Victor Brovkin, Erin L McClymont, Michal Kucera, Patricio A. Velasquez Alvárez, Daniele Colombaroli, Christoph C. Raible, Emilie Capron, Juan Antonio Ballesteros-Cánovas, Michael Sarnthein, Julia Gottschalk, Hubertus Fischer, Liping Zhou, Jennifer R. Marlon, Julien Emile-Geay, Olga V. Churakova (Sidorova), Marie-France Loutre, Brian F. Cumming, Daniel J. Lunt, Philippe Martinez, Jennifer Saleem Arrigo, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Thomas F. Stocker, Hendrik Vogel, Fortunat Joos, Pepijn Johannes Bakker, Climate and Environmental Physics [Bern] (CEP), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern]-Universität Bern [Bern], Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, Climate Change Research Centre [Sydney] (CCRC), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences [Corvallis] (CEOAS), Oregon State University (OSU), Australian National University (ANU), Bullard Laboratories, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Centre for Ice and Climate [Copenhagen], Niels Bohr Institute [Copenhagen] (NBI), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, University of Toronto, Department of Geography (UNIVERSITé DE DURHAM), Durham University, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes-CNR, University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), GNS Science [Lower Hutt], GNS Science, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), University of Southern California (USC), University of Nebraska [Lincoln], University of Nebraska System, Past Global Changes International Project Office (PAGES), Past Global Changes International Project Office, School of Geographical Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Monitoring, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University [New Haven], Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Uni Research Climate, Uni Research Ltd, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), National Coordination Office, Washington, Institute of Geosciences [Kiel], Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Department of Geology, Quaternary Sciences, Lund University [Lund], Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Institute of Geography [Bern], Nansen-Zhu International Research Center (NZC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Beijing] (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Lehigh University [Bethlehem], Department of Earth Sciences [Utrecht], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Zurich, University of Peking, Peking University [Beijing], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE)-Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stratigraphy and paleontology, Stratigraphy & paleontology, Wolff, Eric [0000-0002-5914-8531], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, sub-01, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences(all), 3705 Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Ice cores climate, Paleoclimatology, Ecosystem, Settore CHIM/01 - Chimica Analitica, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 13 Climate Action, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Global warming, 37 Earth Sciences, 3709 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Radiative forcing, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Greenhouse gas, Climatology, Polar amplification, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Climate model, Ice sheet
Abstract: International audience; Over the past 3.5 million years, there have been several intervals when climate conditions were warmer than during the pre-industrial Holocene. Although past intervals of warming were forced differently than future anthropogenic change, such periods can provide insights into potential future climate impacts and ecosystem feedbacks, especially over centennial-to-millennial timescales that are often not covered by climate model simulations. Our observation-based synthesis of the understanding of past intervals with temperatures within the range of projected future warming suggests that there is a low risk of runaway greenhouse gas feedbacks for global warming of no more than 2 °C. However, substantial regional environmental impacts can occur. A global average warming of 1–2 °C with strong polar amplification has, in the past, been accompanied by significant shifts in climate zones and the spatial distribution of land and ocean ecosystems. Sustained warming at this level has also led to substantial reductions of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, with sea-level increases of at least several metres on millennial timescales. Comparison of palaeo observations with climate model results suggests that, due to the lack of certain feedback processes, model-based climate projections may underestimate long-term warming in response to future radiative forcing by as much as a factor of two, and thus may also underestimate centennial-to-millennial-scale sea-level rise.
Published: 2018
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99. Euryhaline ecology of early tetrapods revealed by stable isotopes

Author: Linlin Cui, Gérard Panczer, Christophe Lécuyer, Guillaume Douay, Jean Goedert, Xu Wang, Laurent Simon, J. Sébastien Steyer, Romain Amiot, Gilles Cuny, Min Zhu, François Fourel, Florent Arnaud-Godet, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)41530102Appeared in source as:Natural Science Foundation of ChinaKey Research Program of Frontier Sciences of CASQYZDJ-SSW-DQC002CNRS INSU program InterrVieInstitut Universitaire de France, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment [Beijing], Institute of Geology and Geophysics [Beijing] (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Zoo de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Aquatic Organisms, Fauna, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Fresh Water, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Devonian, Bone and Bones, Isotopes, stomatognathic system, biology.animal, Tetrapod (structure), Animals, Late Devonian extinction, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, Ecosystem, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Ichthyostega, Multidisciplinary, biology, Ecology, Fishes, Vertebrate, Paleontology, Euryhaline, biology.organism_classification, Biological Evolution, body regions, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Vertebrates, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Paleoecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: The fish-to-tetrapod transition—followed later by terrestrialization—represented a major step in vertebrate evolution that gave rise to a successful clade that today contains more than 30,000 tetrapod species. The early tetrapod Ichthyostega was discovered in 1929 in the Devonian Old Red Sandstone sediments of East Greenland (dated to approximately 365 million years ago). Since then, our understanding of the fish-to-tetrapod transition has increased considerably, owing to the discovery of additional Devonian taxa that represent early tetrapods or groups evolutionarily close to them. However, the aquatic environment of early tetrapods and the vertebrate fauna associated with them has remained elusive and highly debated. Here we use a multi-stable isotope approach (δ13C, δ18O and δ34S) to show that some Devonian vertebrates, including early tetrapods, were euryhaline and inhabited transitional aquatic environments subject to high-magnitude, rapid changes in salinity, such as estuaries or deltas. Euryhalinity may have predisposed the early tetrapod clade to be able to survive Late Devonian biotic crises and then successfully colonize terrestrial environments. An approach using multiple stable isotopes reveals that early tetrapods of the Devonian period were euryhaline animals that inhabited aquatic environments of highly variable salinity.
Published: 2018
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100. Electric field tuning of magnetism in heterostructure of yttrium iron garnet film/lead magnesium niobate-lead zirconate titanate ceramic

Author: Nicolas Tiercelin, Freddy Ponchel, Genshui Wang, Wenbin Zhang, Ying Chen, Denis Remiens, Tuami Lasri, Philippe Pernod, Xianlin Dong, Jianyun Lian, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Matériaux et Acoustiques pour MIcro et NAno systèmes intégrés - IEMN (MAMINA - IEMN), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - Département Opto-Acousto-Électronique - UMR 8520 (IEMN-DOAE), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France)-Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France), Laboratoire International associé sur les phénomènes Critiques et Supercritiques en électronique fonctionnelle, acoustique et fluidique (LIA LICS/LEMAC), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Acoustique Impulsionnelle & Magnéto-Acoustique Non linéaire - Fluides, Interfaces Liquides & Micro-Systèmes - IEMN (AIMAN-FILMS-IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Keele University [Keele], Microtechnology and Instrumentation for Thermal and Electromagnetic Characterization - IEMN (MITEC - IEMN), State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure [Shanghai Institute of Ceramics], Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Acoustique Impulsionnelle & Magnéto-Acoustique Non linéaire - Fluides, Interfaces Liquides & Micro-Systèmes - IEMN (AIMAN-FILMS - IEMN), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), and This work was supported by the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.GJHZ1821) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U153010140) and funded by the Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative (GrantNo. 2017VEA0002).
Subjects: Ceramics, Materials science, Electric fields, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Magnetism, PZT, Multiferroics, Thin films, Yttrium iron garnet, 02 engineering and technology, Lead zirconate titanate, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Magnetic susceptibility, Magnetization, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Polycrystalline material, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Heterostructures, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010302 applied physics, Condensed matter physics, Coercivity, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Magnetic field, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, chemistry, Chemical elements, Ferrite (magnet), Ferromagnetic materials, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, the converse magnetoelectric (CME) effect by electric field tuning of magnetization in an original heterostructure composed of a polycrystalline yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film and a lead magnesium niobate-lead zirconate titanate (PMN-PZT) ceramic is presented. The magnetic performances of the YIG films with different thicknesses under a DC electric field applied to the PMN-PZT ceramics and a bias magnetic field are investigated. All the magnetization-electric field curves are found to be in good agreement with the butterfly like strain curve of the PMN-PZT ceramic. Both the sharp deformation of about 2.5‰ of PMN-PZT and the easy magnetization switching of YIG are proposed to be the reasons for the strongest CME interaction in the composite at the small electric coercive field of PMN-PZT (4.1 kV/cm) and the small magnetic coercive field of YIG (20 Oe) where the magnetic susceptibility reaches its maximum value. A remarkable CME coefficient of 3.1 × 10−7 s/m is obtained in the system with a 600 nm-thick YIG film. This heterostructure combining multiferroics and partially magnetized ferrite concepts is able to operate under a small or even in the absence of an external bias magnetic field and is more compact and power efficient than the traditional magnetoelectric devices.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

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