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Copyright of Journal of Natural Fibers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this research, the influence of the antistatic polyester fibers containing carbon black on the comfort properties of 100% and blended cotton as well as on 100% and blended polyester single jersey knitted fabrics was evaluated. The research results revealed that the behavior of the investigated knitted fabrics was dependent on their structure and mechanical characteristics. The electrical resistance of knitted fabrics decreased significantly due to the use of 4% antistatic polyester fibers. The electrical resistance of the pure and blended cotton knitted fabric was lower than that of the pure and blended polyester knitted fabrics. Antistatic polyester fibers positively influenced the air permeability of the polyester knitted fabric. The air permeability of 100% and blended cotton fabrics was approximately 3.5 times compared to both 100% and blended polyester fabrics, respectively. The carbon black polyester fibers influenced the decrease in thermal resistance, the increase in vapor permeability, and the minor increase in vapor resistance of both cotton and polyester knitted fabrics. Thermal resistance was lower, water vapor resistance was significantly higher, and relative water vapor permeability was slightly lower for the cotton and cotton/antistatic polyester knitted fabrics than for the polyester and polyester / antistatic polyester knitted fabrics, respectively. Therefore, the research results revealed that the presence of 4% antistatic polyester fibers in cotton and polyester knitted fabrics positively influenced their antistatic behavior and improved or almost did not alter their comfort properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To enhance the moisture transmission properties of hospital bed linen, a tri-layer weft knitted fabric has been developed from the fibres, like lyocell, bamboo charcoal and micro polyester, and tested for comfort properties. The tri-layer fabric exhibits good water vapour permeability, water absorbing tendency, wicking tendency and faster drying rate. To enhance these functional properties, the fabric is subjected to plasma treatment. Optimization of plasma treatment parameters is attempted by using Box-Benkhen experimental design, considering the process parameters, such as time, distance between electrodes and current. The plasma-treated and untreated fabrics are tested for moisture management properties, such as water absorbency, water vapor permeability, wickability - transverse and vertical, drying time and SEM analysis. From the test results, it is observed that the plasma-treated fabric has improved moisture management and drying properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Natural Fibers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The increasing demand of cotton and low production rate to fulfill the world requirements boosted the production of regenerated cellulose-based fibers. The purpose of this work was to compare the performance and comfort properties of regenerated cellulose fibers. For this purpose, cotton, viscose, modal, bamboo, and viscose fibers were taken. The pure blends of each fiber and 50:50 blends of modal blended with cotton fiber and regenerated fibers were taken. Normal yarn of count 20 tex was made and then plain woven fabrics were prepared. The warp-wise and weft-wise tensile and tear strengths were recorded. In addition, tests of air permeability, moisture management, thermal resistance test, and water vapor permeability were executed. It is found that the 100% modal fabrics give higher mechanical and comfort properties. In case of blends, modal:viscose (50:50) gives higher mechanical and comfort properties in woven fabrics.

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of cotton woven fabric pore size on its mechanical and comfort properties. Using 20/1 Ne cotton yarn, 10 fabrics with varying pore size were produced in plain weave for this study. In order to get variable pore sizes, the thread density was changed along warp and weft direction, keeping the linear density of yarn as constant. It was observed that with increase in pore size, air permeability as well as moisture management increased but the thermal resistance decreased. In general, the comfort properties of cotton fabrics were improved with a higher pore size but for applications requiring heat retention, the fabrics having smaller pore sizes must be preferred. It was further observed that the mechanical properties of cotton fabrics do not depend directly on the pore size, rather they depend on the number of threads, in a particular direction. The number of threads may be controlled to get desired pore size and ultimately the desired properties.

The demand of cotton is increasing but its low production rate cannot fulfill the world requirements. The increase in cotton demand has augmented the production of regenerated cellulosic fibers. Furthermore, cotton has proved to be unsustainable because of the use of huge amount of fresh water, pesticides and insecticides. The purpose of this work is to find out the suitable blend/blends of regenerated fibers so as to replace 100% cotton fabrics. Therefore, mechanical and comfort properties of Tencel fabrics blended with other regenerated cellulose fibers have been compared with 100% cotton to achieve the equivalent or even better end properties. Hence, cotton, viscose, Tencel, modal, and bamboo fibers were taken. Plain woven blended fabrics of 100% cotton and 50:50 blends of Tencel with other regenerated fibers were prepared from normal yarn count of 20 tex. The mechanical properties (warp-wise and weft-wise tensile and tear strengths, pilling, and abrasion resistance) and the comfort properties including air permeability, moisture management properties, and thermal resistance were evaluated. It is found that Tencel blended fabrics show better results than 100% cotton fabrics. Therefore, it is concluded that Tencel blended with these regenerated fabrics can be used to replace 100% cotton fabrics.

The increasing demand of cotton and low production rate to fulfill the world requirements has boosted the production of regenerated cellulose based fibers. The purpose of this work was to compare the performance and comfort properties of regenerated cellulose fibers. For this purpose, cotton, viscose, tencel, modal, bamboo and viscose fibers were taken. Cotton and viscose of 100% and blends (50:50) of viscose with cotton and regenerated fibers were taken. Normal yarn of count 20 tex was made and plain woven fabric samples were made and then pre-treated. The Warp-wise and weft-wise tensile and tear strengths were recorded. In addition, the tests of air-permeability, moisture management and thermal resistivity were performed It is found that the viscose:tencel and viscose:modal blends give better mechanical and comfort properties than all other blends. Also, it is found that viscose:cotton blend gives the lowest mechanical and comfort properties out of all studied fabrics. It is concluded that viscose makes more suitable blend with tencel and modal which outperforms in mechanical and comfort properties than other blends. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.24.2.18260

In this study some mechanical and comfort properties of eleven cotton, viscose, cotton/Lycra, and viscose/Lycra single jersey knitted fabrics used as scarves in the Egyptian market were measured. Bursting strength, abrasion resistance, air permeability, thermal resistance, water vapour permeability and water permeability were measured. The relation between most of these properties and fabric constructional parameters was found. Regression equations were found to predict each of abrasion resistance, air permeability, and thermal resistance in terms of loop length and stitch density. While water vapour permeability was predicted in terms of fabric thickness and wales per centimeter. Loop length and stitch density are the key factors affecting the mechanical and comfort properties of single jersey knitted fabrics. The effect of percentage Lycra on the properties under study was investigated. An acceptable relation was found between Lycra percent and each of air permeability (R²=0.65) and water vapour permeability (R²=0.8). Increasing Lycra percent decreased both air permeability and water vapour permeability. Also a relation between Lycra percent and each of abrasion resistance and thermal resistance was found with (R²=0.5) for both. Increasing Lycra percent increased both abrasion and thermal resistances. No relation was found between Lycra percent and bursting strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Natural Fibers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Natural Fibers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study investigated the effective utilization of phenolic compounds present in red seaweeds such as Kappaphycus alvarezii and Acanthophora spicifera used for making textile face masks for anti-aging applications. To study the presence of functional and antioxidant compounds in the red seaweeds was assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and 2-2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging methods. The effect of red seaweed treated fabrics interaction with fibroblast populated collagen (FPC) layers was assessed using topographical analysis of field emission scanning electron microscope and the effect of red seaweed treated textile fabrics on comfort properties such as air permeability, water permeability, and wicking properties were studied. The measurement and analysis of FPC layer interaction with textile fabrics were assessed using contraction studies. The experimental result specifies that maximum antioxidant activity of 77 ± 0.17% inhibition achieved in the textile face mask. The air permeability, wickability and water permeable properties were slightly reduced for both red seaweed treated textile face mask fabrics compared with the untreated face mask. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bifacial fabrics, with a single jersey on one face and a plain weave on the other, were produced on a purpose-built machine. Thermal comfort properties of bifacial fabrics were compared with conventional woven and knitted fabrics and the effect of weft density and loop length of bifacial fabrics on their thermal comfort properties was investigated. While different fabric structures were produced with the same wool, acrylic, and polyester yarns, the findings confirmed that the bifacial fabric is warmer (lower total heat loss) and more breathable (higher permeability index (im)) than the corresponding woven and knitted fabrics. Increasing the loop length of bifacial fabrics enhanced evaporative resistance, air permeability, warm feeling, thermal resistance, and water vapor permeability index, yet reduced total heat loss. An increase in the weft density of bifacial fabrics led to higher evaporative resistance, warmer feeling, higher thermal resistance, lower air permeability, and total heat loss. However, the permeability index did not change with an increase in weft density. This study suggests that thermal comfort properties of bifacial fabrics can be optimized by modifying structural parameters to engineer high-performance textiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, experimental and statistical evaluation of antibacterial, mechanical, and comfort properties of woven fabrics consisting of cotton, bamboo and silver yarns were presented. For the purpose of the study; cotton-bamboo and cotton-silver blended fabrics were produced, mechanical properties (such as tensile strength and tear strength) were investigated, antibacterial activities were determined, and thermal comfort properties (such as thermal conductivity, thermal absorption, thermal resistance, air permeability, water vapor permeability, and water vapor resistance) were measured. Statistical evaluations were performed by one way ANOVA and Tukey HSD and Tamhane's T2 test methods. According to the outputs of the research, the mechanical and comfort properties can be improved and the antibacterial activities can be obtained of shirting and bedding fabrics by differing weft yarn type and density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The worldwide growing need of cotton but its lower production has boosted the production of regenerated cellulosic fibers. This work compares the thermal comfort and mechanical properties of bamboo rayon fiber blends with cotton and other regenerated fibers. So, bamboo rayon fibers were blended with cotton, tencel lyocell, modal rayon, and viscose rayon. One-hundred-percent pure fabrics of bamboo rayon, cotton, tencel lyocell, modal rayon, and viscose rayon were made. Also, 50:50 blends of bamboo rayon with cotton, tencel lyocell, modal rayon, and viscose rayon were prepared. Plain-woven fabrics were made by using yarns of 20 tex. The thermal comfort and mechanical properties were analyzed. It is found that 100% tencel lyocell fabrics give higher mechanical and comfort properties. Similarly, bamboo rayon:tencel lyocell (50:50)–blended fabric gives better thermal comfort and mechanical properties than bamboo rayon:cotton–, bamboo rayon:modal rayon–, and bamboo rayon:viscose rayon–blended fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knitted auxetic fabrics (AF) are in common practice but their stability and thickness are major problems in commercial applications. Therefore, a simple method of developing woven AF is proposed here. Differential shrinking property of different weaves is utilized to visualize auxetic honey comb geometry in fabric structure. Based on this fabric structure, auxeticity is induced in 2-D-woven fabric. AF is developed using conventional nonauxetic materials (i.e., cotton in warp and elastane [Lycra] yarn in the weft). Auxetic nature and auxetic structure in the fabric were characterized by microscope. Comfort properties (air permeability, thermal resistance, stiffness, and wicking) of AF were compared with conventional nonauxetic fabrics (NAF). Piezoresistive nature of conductive AF and NAF is also compared. AF showed superior comfort properties and higher sensitivity as compared to conventional NAF. Based on results, AF can be considered better replacement of conventional NAF in wearable and medical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing demand of cotton and low production rate to fulfil the world requirements has boosted the production of regenerated cellulose based fibers. The purpose of this work was to compare the performance and comfort properties of regenerated cellulose fibers. For this purpose, cotton, viscose, tencel, modal, bamboo and viscose fibers were taken. Cotton and viscose of 100 % and blends (50:50) of viscose with cotton and regenerated fibers were taken. Normal yarn of count 20 tex was made and plain woven fabric samples were made and then pre-treated. The Warp-wise and weft-wise tensile and tear strengths were recorded. In addition, the tests of air-permeability, moisture management and thermal resistivity were performed It is found that the viscose:tencel and viscose:modal blends give better mechanical and comfort properties than all other blends. Also, it is found that viscose:cotton blend gives the lowest mechanical and comfort properties out of all studied fabrics. It is concluded that viscose makes more suitable blend with tencel and modal which outperforms in mechanical and comfort properties than other blends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to determine material composition, structure, and chosen mechanical and thermo-physiological comfort properties of selected kinesiology tape. The results of experiments show that kinesiology tape is a non-linear elastic and porous composite material. Warp yarns are corespun elastic yarns, while weft yarns are 100% cotton yarns. Fabric has a plain weave and its back side is equipped with an adhesive. Tensile strength of kinesiology tape ranges from 80 to 180 N depending on the tape width. In a relaxed state, porosity together with air permeability and other heat and mass transfer characteristics are mainly affected by the compact layer of adhesive on the surface of woven fabric. During tensioning, pores are expanding and therefore transfer of air and water vapor is significantly increased and at the same time heat transfer is reduced which can positively affect wearer comfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Milkweed (M) fibres have been blended with cotton (C) fibres at three different proportions and the rotor-spun yarn fabrics are produced. The comfort properties of 100% cotton and C/M blended fabrics are analysed. The fabrics have been dyed with two types of reactive dyes, namely CI Reactive Yellow 3RS and CI Reactive Red 120, and the colour strength and other calorimetric parameters of the dyeing are analysed. From the comfort properties of the fabrics, it is noticed that the air and water vapour permeabilities of C/M blended fabrics are lower than the 100% cotton fabric and decrease with the increase in milkweed proportion. The thermal conductivity of C/M blended fabrics is lower than 100% cotton fabric and decreases with the increase in milkweed proportion. The reduction in inter-yarn space and higher yarn hairiness leads to reduction in air, water and thermal conductivity values with the increase in milkweed proportion. The wickability of C/M blended fabrics increases with milkweed proportion due to the open yarn structure and hollowness of milkweed fibres. From the dyeing behaviour of fibres, it is observed that the colour strength of C/M 80/20 is higher than 100% cotton and it decreases with the further increase in milkweed blend proportion. The low cellulose percentage, higher crystalline orientation index of milkweed fibres compared to cotton results in lower colour strength values with milkweed percentage greater than 20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SDU Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design / Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi is the property of Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The use of cushioned insoles has been recommended as a method to reduce the impact forces on feet associated with running. This study is used to determine the influence of insole structure and thickness on the permeability and conductivity properties of air and temperature. The insoles are constructed with warp-knitted polyester spacer fabrics with 3D construction and have good cushioning, permeability, and conductivity properties. The middle layer is made up of polyester monofilament yarn which decides the thickness of fabric, and the two outer surfaces of the fabric were made from polyester multifilament yarns which is a closed and open structure. The comfort properties of spacer fabric have been studied by measuring air permeability, water vapor permeability, and thermal properties with respect to fabric porosity. One-way analysis of variance is used to analyze the significant of fabric thickness and surface structures. The experimental result shows that the vertical gap of the two outer surface layers and the horizontal pore size of the face surface decide the permeability and conductivity properties of spacer fabrics. The fabric with higher porosity show high permeability of air and water vapor. Depending on the fabric thickness and structure, the 4-mm thickness of spacer fabric with locknit structure resulted in low air and water vapor permeability. It is found that the 3.1-mm thickness spacer fabric with hexagonal net structure proves to have good air and water vapor permeability and comparatively lower thermal conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hospital bed Linens are functional textiles which are expected to fulfil the comfort and hygienic properties such as moisture management, thermal conductivity, breathability, wettability, wickability, natural stretch, dimensional stability and antimicrobial activity. The commercially available hospital bed sheets are made of fibers like cotton, polyester and their blends. This research work aims at analyzing the comfort characteristics of existing commercial hospital bed linen and their effectiveness in ensuring the thermo physiological comfort characteristics of human body. From the test results it was found that, few commercial bed linens have the required air permeability and wettability, but lags in thermal conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new technique of predicting the comfort properties of single jersey knitted fabrics by using the Wool ComfortMeter to assess the corresponding yarns was previously investigated. In this study, the effect of the tension with which the yarn is wound on the Wool ComfortMeter yarn test plate was studied using 20 worsted, wool yarns comprising both one and two plies. The yarns covered a mean fiber diameter range from 13.8 to 24.3 µm. Three different levels of tension were applied to the yarn: 0 N (no applied tension); 0.245 N; and 0.735 N. The results, analyzed using multiple regression modeling, confirmed the significant effect of yarn tension on the Wool ComfortMeter value of the yarn, where yarn ply was also significant. The best predictor of the fabric Wool ComfortMeter value was using yarn winding with no applied tension. These results also showed that when the yarn Wool ComfortMeter values are available the mean fiber diameter provided little or no extra value in predicting fabric Wool ComfortMeter values. The models also detected significant effects from yarn count, yarn ply and fabric mass per unit area on fabric Wool ComfortMeter values. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The present study aims to investigate the effect of fibre type and yarn linear density on the thermal properties such as thermal resistance, thermal conductivity and thermal absorptivity along with air permeability and moisture vapor transmission rate of single jersey plated fabrics. Plated fabrics with nylon in the next to skin layer seem suitable choice for warm conditions as these fabrics would feel cooler on initial skin contact owing to high thermal absorptivity and are permeable to passage of air and moisture vapor. Fabrics knitted with yarns of high linear density seem unsuitable in warm conditions owing to higher value of thermal resistance and lower values of air permeability and moisture vapor transmission rate. Two way analysis of variance is conducted to test the significance of categorical variables, i.e. fibre type and yarn linear density on dependent variables. All the dependent variables except thermal resistance are found to be affected by the categorical variables at 95% confidence intervals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Motorcycle protective clothing is designed to protect motorcyclists from injuries during accidents. It helps to protect the motorcyclist and pillion passengers during the collision and acts as a barrier between the rider's skin and tarmac surface. Soft tissue trauma is common in motorcycle accidents and protective clothing can protect the soft tissue of the riders up to a certain extent during accidents. Though there are many reasons for road accidents and injuries, the reasons such as uncomfortable clothing, thermally inefficient protective clothing during hot climatic conditions, and ineffective performance of the personal protective equipment (PPE) are also to be considered seriously. Motorcycle clothing is specially designed in such a way that it could give better protection against impact and abrasion during the collision. An increase in the usage of the motorcycle has also in turn increased the crash statistics. This paper deals with the significance of motorcycle clothing, materials, test standards, and their performance characteristics. As per the review results, most of the motorcycle protective clothing has failed to meet out the quality standard protocols. Impact resistance, abrasion resistance, thermal comfort, and ergonomics are the major areas where more focus is required. Design of appropriate fabrics assuring requisites of motorcycle clothing is very challenging and extensive research is still intended in these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the feasibility of assessing yarns with the Wool ComfortMeter (WCM) to predict the comfort properties of the corresponding single jersey-knitted fabrics. The optimum yarn arrangement to predict the comfort value of a corresponding control fabric was determined using nine wool and wool/nylon-blended yarns (mean fibre diameter range 16.5–24.9 μm) knitted into 34 different fabrics. Using a notched template, yarn winding frequencies of 1, 3, 6, 12, 25 and 50 parallel yarns were tested on the WCM. The best predictor of fabric WCM values was using 25 parallel yarns. Inclusion of knitting gauge and cover factor slightly improved predictions. This indicates that evaluation at the yarn stage would be a reliable predictor of knitted fabric comfort, and thus yarn testing would avoid the time and expense of fabric construction. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this research, an attempt has been made to blend the jute fibre with the cotton material. The blended yarn was used as a weft and the pure cotton yarn was used in warp. The produced fabric was treated with cellulase enzyme for softening purpose. Further the silicon-polyurethane finishes were applied on the fabric to improve the comfort properties. Hence this study reveals the effect of enzyme treatment with consecutive silicon -polyurethane softening treatment on comfort properties of Jute/Cotton union (warp - cotton; weft - Jute/Cotton) fabric. The results indicates that the enzyme treated, silicon - polyurethane finished fabric had significant (P < 0.05) improvement in all comfort properties like wicking, water absorbency, air and water vapour permeability, thermal conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The main goal of this work was to study the Influence of sportswear fabric properties on the physiological responses and performance of athletes. The influence of three different types of sportswear fabrics on the physiological response and performance of volunteers in sports conditions was investigated. The fabrics and garments tested were made of 100% cotton, a 65/35 polyester/cotton blend and 100% polyester fibres. Seven volunteer were selected to wear the sportswear during the physical exercise assigned and their physiological responses were tested. The results of the study show a statistically significant effect on the athletes' physiological responses and performance parameters measured for the different types of sportswear tested. The sample with 100% polyester produced the best physiological responses and performance from the athletes. This effect can be related to better moisture management, which reflects the amount of relative water vapour permeability (68%) and lower thermal conductivity. This will enhance the body's temperature regulation leading to increase athletes' cardiorespiratory fitness and performance. The results also show the high correlation between the sportswear fabrics properties and athletes' physiological responses and performance, except the relationship between the endtidal partial pressure of oxygen (PETO2) and fabric thickness (h), air permeability (AP) and thermal resistance (r), which are not highly correlated. The other correlation values vary between (±0.62 and (±1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multilayered fabrics consist of different layers of the fabrics which have the ability to complement and maximize the essential comfort properties for a bed linen. Presence of more number of layers can reduce pressure, temperature, shear and friction developed on body and also enhance the moisture absorbency and moisture vapor transport property. Few hospitals are providing uncomfortable tough mattress, covered by water proof coated fabric cover, over which simple single layered cotton bedspread is being used, which makes the patient highly uncomfortable due the strain on the contact areas and excessive heat generated. Excess compression in the contact area damages the blood vessels, leading to bedsores of different degrees with unbearable pain. In this research work an effort has been made to produce a pressure reliving mattress and bed sheet, a pressure relieving support surface was developed with super soft polyurethane foam, with horizontal and vertical drill holes connected to an air circulation device to give enough air circulation and pressure distribution to more area. Single layered and multi layered bed sheets have developed using fibers like lyocel, cotton, polypropylene and micro polyester fibers in different fabric structures. The comfort properties such as air permeability, water absorbency, wicking, water vapor permeability and thermal conductivity of multilayered fabrics have tested and their test results are discussed. The comfort properties of multilayered bed mattress with selected combination of fabrics have been studied with and without air circulation system for improving the pressure and temperature of the patient have been reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of thermal behaviour, such as thermal insulation, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusion, of single jersey, rib and interlock knitted fabrics made out of ring- and compact-spun yams has been studied. The physical characteristics, such as fabric aerial density, air permeability, tightness factor, and fabric thickness, have been studied and their relationship with thermal behaviour using multivariable ANOVA analysed. The experimental results show that the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusion and thermal resistance of the knitted fabrics depend on the fabric properties such as thickness, tightness factor, aerial density and air permeability. It is found that the compact-spun yarn knitted fabrics (Sussen Elite and Com4) show higher thermal insulation behaviour in all the knitted structures in comparison to ring- spun yam knitted fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study demonstrated that the changes in functional and comfort properties of knitted cotton fabrics were determined by the knitted structure as well as type and concentration of finishing agent. To improve the comfort properties, one should ensure the smoothness of fabric surface, air permeability, heat transmittance as well as hydrophilicity of the knitted fabrics, by selecting the proper knit structure and/or by applying the proper finish such as bio-finish. Soft-finished fabric samples had lower tendency to shrinkage and lower stiffness unless compared with other finished fabrics. The functional properties of the finished cotton knits, i.e., antibacterial and water repellent, depend to a great extent on the type of finish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waterproof breathable properties have recently been widely used in textile applications, due to their comfort properties. The studies on waterproof breathable fabrics are generally related to woven fabrics. In this investigation, we propose to find some evidence that knit fabric structure is also appropriate for waterproof breathable laminations, regarding their comfort properties. Within this scope of investigation, single jersey knitted fabrics, made of viscose, polyester, cotton and bamboo yarns, are laminated with polyether polyurethane and polyester polyurethane membranes, using reactive polyurethane adhesives. Samples are tested for their water permeability, air permeability, and water vapor permeability, wicking and drying, in their original state and after five washing cycles. The effect of fabric fiber composition and membrane type is analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]