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Pigs play a central role in human livelihoods in China, but a lack of systematic large-scale whole-genome sequencing of Chinese domestic pigs has hindered genetic studies. Here, we present the 1000 Chinese Indigenous Pig Genomes Project sequencing dataset, comprising 1011 indigenous individuals from 50 pig populations covering approximately two-thirds of China's administrative divisions. Based on the deep sequencing (~25.95×) of these pigs, we identify 63.62 million genomic variants, and provide a population-specific reference panel to improve the imputation performance of Chinese domestic pig populations. Using a combination of methods, we detect an ancient admixture event related to a human immigration climax in the 13th century, which may have contributed to the formation of southeast-central Chinese pig populations. Analyzing the haplotypes of the Y chromosome shows that the indigenous populations residing around the Taihu Lake Basin exhibit a unique haplotype. Furthermore, we find a 13 kb region in the THSD7A gene that may relate to high-altitude adaptation, and a 0.47 Mb region on chromosome 7 that is significantly associated with body size traits. These results highlight the value of our genomic resource in facilitating genomic architecture and complex traits studies in pigs. Here the authors describe a genomic dataset, the1000 Chinese Indigenous Pig Genomes Project (1KCIGP), based on the whole-genome sequencing of 1,011 Chinese domestic pigs from 50 distinct populations, which provides insights into the genomic architecture of domestic pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Housing informality in wealthy contexts is an overlooked phenomenon, particularly in the global South. This article addresses the role of public institutions in the production of housing informality among the wealthy. For this purpose, it analyses the operation of public institutions in relation to the proliferation of luxurious villas in the eastern hills of Bogotá. Three villas were selected as archetypes of informal urbanization among the elite in the eastern hills, and their stories—or informality pathways—were reconstructed through interviews, maps and policy documents. The article aims to unveil how public institutions have contributed to the creation of informal spaces, often in collusion with private entities. Specifically, public institutions demonstrated conflicting internal agencies and multi‐level fragmentation, resulting in flexible regulations tailored to fit the construction practices of the elite. These characteristics were instrumental in establishing spaces of exception for the wealthy in the eastern hills of Bogotá and will likely be mirrored in other informal settlements in the global South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The home page design of a digital news website is a key factor in determining its attractiveness to readers. This study aims to propose an approach to manage the frequent adjustment of the dynamic layout of the news content on the website home page in a real-time environment to increase its attractiveness to readers. Design/methodology/approach: This paper shows that this news website layout design problem can be modeled as an optimization problem based on the information of news contents that change within a multiple-period planning horizon similar to the dynamic facility layout problem. A hybrid genetic algorithm-based approach integrated with local search heuristic methods is also proposed to improve the solution. Findings: This paper finds that the DPLP model is effective in modeling the changing layout of a digital news website. The problem can solved in a timely manner using the proposed hybrid genetic algorithm. Research limitations/implications: This paper was based on hypothetical data and on the assumption of equal section size. Actual data would help fine-tune the application of the dynamic facility layout model. As well the algorithm could be enhanced for unequal size sections. Practical implications: The model should help online newspapers apply sophisticated algorithms to optimize the layout of news websites dynamically in a timely manner. Social implications: News websites are increasingly the desired medium to consume news. So it has an important role in educating society. Thus optimizing and improving the process will help in this regard. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper is the first one to apply the DPLP model to the digital newspaper website dynamic design problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apartment-living is on the increase, despite this, little is known about how it influences food practices. We explored the interrelations between apartment kitchen design and food practices using Photo elicited interviews and an inductive thematic analysis, with a diverse sample of twelve apartment-dwellers across four suburbs of Melbourne, Australia. Participants took 160 photographs representing their food practices to guide interviews. Three themes emerged from the interview analysis: 'Choices' which included participants' cooking preferences, as well as their choice of apartment in which to prepare these meals; 'Challenges' which referred to the kitchen design barriers to home cooking including issues relating to storage, food preparation, washing up, ventilation, lighting and recycling and; 'Changes' which described the physical adaptations to kitchens and behavioural adaptations to food practices as a result of poor kitchen design. Based on these findings, using a socioecological framework, we describe the proximal and distal interrelationships between kitchen design and food practices; and discuss how these could be further researched to inform future apartment design policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dominican vernacular architecture, based on the Spanish-influenced indigenous bohio, is built with natural materials. This housing model has remained practically unchanged for five centuries, responding adequately to the tropical Caribbean climate. However, it is necessary to characterize this behavior to verify the indoor comfort conditions of this housing typology. The aim of this research is to evaluate the behavior of a vernacular house located in Villa Sombrero, Peravia Province, Dominican Republic, using a simulation model. For this purpose, a bohio was selected, which has a simple rectangular volume. Simulations were carried out using Design Builder software, considering the passive strategies incorporated in the bohio. The results indicate that indoor ambient temperature remains within the comfort range throughout the annual cycle. It was confirmed that the highest solar gain through exterior windows occurs in the warmer months. Lighting consumption varies between approximately 195 kWh and 220 kWh, with a more stable behavior during the middle months of the year. CO2 emissions followed the same behavior as lighting consumption since it was the only energized element in the bohio. This research demonstrated that passive strategies implemented in the vernacular dwelling work correctly, except for the minimum illuminance level, which needs to be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a curatorial approach, Jiang Jiehong invites contemporary artists to focus on a 100-year-old building in Shanghai, now the Wu Changshuo Art Museum (WAM), which survived the turbulence of wars, political movements of the past century and the dramatic urban development in post-Mao China. Situated amongst the forest of the modernized skyscrapers in Shanghai's CBD Lujiazui, this heritage house stays in its traditional style, contributing to a surrealistic urban landscape. With the artistic responses in various forms commissioned for the site-specific exhibition staged at WAM, this article re-examines the evolution of the building, the neighbourhood and the place, and critically reflects the revolutionary urban transformation in the past century and the societal and cultural changes in Shanghai. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to analyze the impact of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) principles on burglary intentions in high-density low-rise residential areas in South Korea using a virtual reality (VR) experiment. An ordered logistic regression model was developed based on data from a VR-aided survey involving 100 young adults. The findings revealed that the installation of security features, such as barred windows and signs indicating a security system, significantly reduced the intention to commit burglary in single-family houses and walk-up apartments. In contrast to studies conducted in Western contexts, the results indicated that higher fences were associated with a lower intention to burgle in these high-density low-rise residential areas. Territoriality was found to have no significant effect on burglary intentions. These results suggest that CPTED strategies should be tailored to local environmental contexts and community atmospheres. Plain language summary: How crime prevention design affects burglary intentions in South Korea ' s high-density low-rise areas: A virtual reality study In this study, we wanted to find out if certain changes in the way homes are designed and secured can make a difference in whether someone might think about breaking into them. We did this by using a special kind of computer simulation that feels like you're in a different world, called virtual reality. We asked 100 young adults about their thoughts on burglarizing houses in neighborhoods in South Korea using this virtual reality setup. Our research showed that adding things like strong windows and signs that show a security system in houses and walk-up apartments can make people less likely to consider breaking in. Surprisingly, in South Korea, having taller fences around these types of homes also seemed to discourage the idea of burglary, which is different from what studies in Western countries have found. However, the idea of who "owns" or takes care of a space, which we call territoriality, didn't seem to make much of a difference in whether someone would think about breaking into a home. So, what we can learn from all of this is that when it comes to making neighborhoods safer from burglaries, we should think about the local environment and how people in the community feel, rather than just using the same ideas that work in other places. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geoffrey Bawa’s (GB’s) architecture has contemporary ramifications, even two decades after his passing. It is well established that GB catered largely to an elite clientele in Ceylon (Sri Lanka). He burrowed his architectural style from the vernacular everyday traditions, yet built for the elite. It is hypothesized that, his architecture was impregnated with traditional elite architectural/interior design (TEA/ID) associations, and has also adapted periodic changes (PC), which many have studied in the past. Despite several attempts however, valid scientific inquiry into this issue remains inadequate. This research explores if his architecture was truly derived from the associations with the traditional elite architectural/interior design, and also manifested periodic changes. This research employs a qualitative case studies as a research methodology. It examines three selected case studies; one house designed for a distinct elite family from each of GB’s three distinct work phases. In terms of (TEA/ID) associations, the study focuses on the criteria of site placement, plan form, 3-D form and imagery, architectural features, architectural details as well as furnishings and decorative arts. The periodic changes assessed are political (P), economic (E) and socio-cultural (SC), pertaining to the periods in question. The research carried out in January 2024 relies on extant literature (i.e. secondary sources) to draw information. The interpretation employs a phenomenological perspective.. The paper concludes that the three houses have manifested traditional elite architecture associations, and have also adapted periodic changes. It thus validates the hypotheses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Papers of the British School at Rome is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered how people work, with an increasing number transitioning to working from home (WFH). This paradigm shift has raised various challenges in adapting living spaces to meet the needs of remote work. Dedicated workspaces or home offices need to be customized for creativity and productivity. Thus, this systematic literature review explores the potential challenges and limitations of implementing modern office design features in residential environments. The study synthesizes findings from 108 peer-reviewed articles published within the last decade, focusing on ergonomics, productivity, work–life balance, and spatial constraints. The study found several challenges in translating office design features to home settings. Firstly, spatial limitations in residential areas often restrict the implementation of open-plan layouts and collaborative zones, which are hallmarks of modern office designs. Secondly, the integration of ergonomic furniture and adjustable workstations are limited by budget constraints and the dual-purpose nature of many home spaces. Furthermore, the review highlights the psychological challenges of maintaining work–life boundaries when professional and personal spaces overlap. Noise pollution and distractions emerge as significant factors impacting productivity in home offices, which contrasts controlled modern office environments. The review suggests that the complete replication of modern office design in homes may be impractical; a hybrid approach that adapts key features to residential constraints could enhance home office productivity. Potential solutions could include modular furniture designs, the simulation of collaborative spaces, and the development of noise-cancelling technologies specifically for home environments. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on remote work environments and provides valuable insights for enhancing work–life balance, environmental sustainability, and economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Roca: Revista Científico-Educacional de la Provincia de Granma is the property of Universidad de Granma, Departamento Editorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses an ethnoarchaeological study of the impact of religion on architecture in Makhunik village, Iran. The study explores the influence of religion on traditional architecture (ca. 1660-1960) by comparing Quranic expectations with field documentation, considering factors like landscape affordances and historical context. Despite the village's strong religious influence, the study concludes that religion had a limited impact on architecture. The architecture reflects factors like security, geographical environment, economy, and cultural traditions more than religious influences. [Extracted from the article]

From the confluence of rivers to the shores of Latium: a literary journey in search of two milestones in the life of Marcus Tullius Cicero The relationship of Marcus Tullius Cicero to his birthplace, the town of Arpinum in Latium, is most fully explored in his treatise On the Laws. In fact, the author situates the plot of this book in the vicinity of his villa at the confluence of the rivers Liris and Fibrenus, where he was born in 106 BC. In addition to the natural scenery, this text also allows us to reconstruct Cicero's view of his own origins. The author's death in 43 BC is in turn linked to his villa, on the coast between Formiae and Caieta. It was here that the assassins Marcus Antonius had sent against him caught up with him. From the description of the last moments of the author's life which we have recorded in Plutarch, it appears that Cicero was by no means reconciled to the inevitability of his own death. On the contrary, for Seneca the last moments of the author's life became an exemplary example of the inability to die well and honourably. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractRegarding issues with the majority of home energy-saving applications, the information is often too difficult for users to understand, and they struggle to comprehend communication via graphics or images displayed on the application’s screen. Furthermore, little is known about how users of home energy-saving applications behave. Therefore, this research aims to develop and evaluate a user-friendly design guideline for a home energy-saving application that applies four stages of User-Centered Design (UCD) processes. To identify significant issues and preliminary solutions, this research employed two rounds of co-creation activities involving nine experts and nine non-experts. Subsequently, an application prototype encompassing settings, about, home data, home assessment, and assessment summary was developed. The prototype underwent evaluation through an online questionnaire with 160 participants from four user groups, spanning expert and non-expert age groups. As a results from all four factors, the application received a mean score = 4.35 (good) from both non-experts and experts. This demonstrates that the prototype adopted with the guideline performed well in terms of User Experience, User Interface and User-Centered Design. This research provides developers and stakeholders with valuable guidelines to create applications or programs that are more efficient and user-friendly. This guideline is applicable to a wide range of sectors (eg, residential homes, workplaces, and educational institutions) and various domains (eg, Internet of Things (IoT), Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS), mobile applications, AI-Assisted in IoT-based Smart Microgrids). This would lead to the creation of applications that are easy for users to navigate and presentations that are impactful, ultimately helping to decrease energy usage and promote a more sustainable environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the outbreak and continued spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, people's demand for daily disinfection products has increased rapidly, and its innovative design has received widespread attention. In this context, this study aims to propose a design methodology for home entrance disinfection devices based on AHP-FAST-FBS. Firstly, the design requirements of the home entrance disinfection device were collected and analyzed through in-depth interviews and the KJ method, and a hierarchical model of design demand indicators was constructed. Secondly, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to quantify these design demand indicators, and core design demands for home entrance disinfection devices were identified by weight calculations. On this basis, the Functional Analysis System Technique (FAST) method was combined to rationally transform the design demands into product functional indicators, constructing a functional system model for the home entrance disinfection device through systematic decomposition and categorization. Lastly, based on the Function-Behavior-Structure (FBS) theoretical model, the mapping of each function of the product to its structure was realized, the product structure modules were determined, and the comprehensive design and output of the innovative design scheme for the home entrance disinfection device were completed. The results of this study indicate that the design methodology combining AHP-FAST-FBS can effectively improve the scientific rigor and effectiveness of the home entrance disinfection device design, thereby generating an ideal product design scheme. This study provides systematic theoretical guidance and practical reference for designers of subsequent related disinfection products and also offers a new path for improving social health and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ann Cyphers, a prominent figure in Olmec archaeology, passed away in 2023 after a long and distinguished career. Her research focused on sites like Chalcatzingo and San Lorenzo, where she made significant contributions to understanding the Preclassic Mesoamerican period. Cyphers' work was characterized by meticulous excavation, interdisciplinary collaboration, and a commitment to public education and heritage preservation. Her legacy continues to shape the field of Mesoamerican archaeology and inspire future generations of researchers. [Extracted from the article]

In the field of art, color matching is widely used in various art designs, such as images, posters, clothing, and interior home design. Among them, harmonious color matching is the decisive factor in whether a design is popular or not. To solve the problem of estimating color harmony, this study analyzes from the perspective of color pairs and uses the two-layer maximum likelihood estimation method to make preliminary predictions of color harmony by statistically modeling paired color preferences in existing datasets. After obtaining the preliminary estimation of color harmony, multiple linear regression is selected for denoising processing. Subsequently, the preliminary prediction results were refined using a backpropagation neural network, extracting various color features in different color spaces, and ultimately obtaining accurate harmony estimates. The results indicate that, compared with existing methods, the proposed method can simulate the aesthetic cognition of different users towards different color themes. Under the same statistical method, the model can maintain good harmony estimation and experimental results. This method can promote the development of related research fields, such as quickly evaluating the color harmony of an image, and one click color changing in scenes such as clothing, home, 3D models, etc. according to different user needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sorrento Peninsula is characterized by a significant occurrence of examples of vernacular architecture, which exhibit distinctive morphological and constructive features. These have been the subject of numerous studies. However, some buildings have undergone a process of transformation over time, the details of which have yet to be investigated. Architectures that initially held a rural character were enlarged and ennobled, thereby becoming what could be termed as "villas of delights". However, these clearly manifest their origin based on the permanence of some vernacular features. This paper focuses on the analysis of a case study, Villa Murat, which is exemplary in illustrating this process. This thorough interdisciplinary research combines historical investigation, based mainly on archival documents, with a direct examination of the Villa. This has enabled the retracing of the building's evolution and of the events that occurred in it. An integrated survey, which employed photogrammetry and laser scanning, enabled the assessment of the current state of conservation. The ultimate objective of this research is to propose conservative interventions which, in conjunction with the suggested new intended use, could ensure the preservation of the Villa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was intended to assess condition and damages of a stilt wooden house located in in Keningau, Sabah, in order to develop a proper home repair and restoration plan that can be scaled up to other houses of similar design in areas that are susceptible to flood and other environmental factors which can affect the structural integrity. The findings revealed that the chosen stilt wooden house has decayed severely that many parts of the house mainly the roof, the floors, the railing and stairs were in decrepit condition which could pose danger to the occupants. The results also implied that there were various factors that led to the condition of the house namely termite infestation and moist and weakened wood which could be due to the damaged zinc roof that caused rainwater to leak into the house, direct contact with floodwater and possibly leaky plumbing. A repair and restoration work was done by focusing on the parts of the house that needed immediate fix in order to ensure comfort and safety of the household. This study may shed more light on how to repair and restore as well as redesign wooden homes in order to be more resilient towards damaged caused by environmental variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Architectural Journal / Jian Zhu Xue Bao is the property of Architectural Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the multimedia documentation of architecture. Topics mentioned include the digital restorations of historic sites, the use of remote sensing as digital tools for data gathering, the increase in depiction of architecture and design in film festivals, and the release of architectural documentaries on social media YouTube.

The article reviews the exhibition "The 18th International Architecture Exhibition," held at Giardini della Biennale in Venice, Italy from May 20, 2023 to November 26, 2023.

Paulinus of Nola and Shenoute of Atripe were prolific writers and architectural patrons of ascetic communities in the fourth and fifth centuries CE. Despite their rejection of luxury and elite culture, both were responsible for the construction of lavish church complexes at the hearts of those communities, in which architecture and decoration drew on the visual language of the late Roman elite. The churches shared specific architectural features—a triple-apsed (triconch) sanctuary, a rectangular hall terminating in a single apse, and a colonnaded space connecting them—that were also popular in houses and villas at that time. The architectural and spatial language of these churches would have evoked associations with the luxury and status of late Roman society even as these communities rejected those very things. This article considers the implications of the use of elite architecture and the visual language of convivial domestic spaces in these churches created for ascetic communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored constraints and opportunities in apartment kitchen design for family home cooking and dining. An online audit of 115 two-bedroom apartments in three Melbourne suburbs of Australia was conducted, with images collected from the audit guiding photo-elicitation interviews on the kitchen designs, with architects from firms involved in apartment complex design. Affordance theory provided a conceptual lens to thematically analyse the design process and outcome in relation to architectural practice. Based on previously developed criteria, results from the audit revealed that only 18 (16%) had adequate kitchen design for families with children across five features assessed, with four themes emerging from interviews that identified constraints and facilitators to kitchen design practice: "Limited policy standards"; Architect assumptions align with market-led preferences"; "Built environment and apartment typology constraints"; and "Small scale design opportunities". Findings provide unique insights into architects' perspectives on apartment design, deepening understandings of how to support healthy family home food preparation and dining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spatial resources and environmental problems caused by population growth are increasingly becoming the focus of global concern. The environmental sustainability of building products has become the research frontier of the industry. Previous research has proved that 25% of energy consumption comes from daily use, and realizing low-energy design based on the whole life cycle is of great significance to promoting the transformation of the building industry. This paper focuses on the wasteful energy consumption problem caused by the changes in residents' behavioral requirements due to the changes in family structure. Based on the family life cycle analysis, this paper explores the mechanism of residents' behavioral requirements and spatial function changes at each stage to clarify the relationship between residents' behavior and building energy consumption. Then, by controlling factors, including Light Correction Coefficient, Effective Daylight Area, window-to-ground ratio, and window-to-wall ratio, and applying the passive design methodology, this paper establishes the zero-energy home opening design guidelines based on the family life cycle. This research guides designers in the design of zero-energy house openings and, at the same time, provides new perspectives for related research in the field of building energy consumption, which helps to promote the sustainable development of the field of architectural design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nietzsche - Studien is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the innovative architectural design of MONITOR, a mobile studio created by James Capper, Thomas Pearce, and Greg Storrar. MONITOR is a sculptural, inhabitable machine that utilizes robotic fabrication technologies and can be used as a creative studio. The design of MONITOR draws inspiration from the post-industrial landscapes of Kyiv and incorporates elements of alchemy, Arcadia, and machines. The article highlights the unique robotic wall fabrication process used in creating MONITOR, emphasizing its adaptability and multivalency in accommodating various functions and activities. [Extracted from the article]

The correction notice for the article "Carl Schmitt and Democratic Backsliding" in Contemporary Political Theory addresses inaccuracies in the affiliation details of Xie Libin and Gábor Halmai. It also includes missing funding information for Petra Guasti and Xie Libin. The original article has been corrected, and Springer Nature maintains neutrality regarding jurisdictional claims and affiliations. [Extracted from the article]